Papers by RAVINDRAN ANKATHIL
Journal of Maxillofacial and Oral Surgery, Oct 16, 2020
ObjectiveIn this article, we provide a gestalt idea about NGS technologies and their applications... more ObjectiveIn this article, we provide a gestalt idea about NGS technologies and their applications in cancer research and molecular diagnosis.BackgroundNext-generation sequencing (NGS) advancements like DNA sequencing and RNA sequencing allow uncovering of genomic, transcriptomic, and epigenomic scenes of individual malignant growths. An assortment of genomic abnormalities can be screened at the same time, for example common and uncommon variations, auxiliary variations like insertions and deletions, copy-number variation, and fusion transcripts.ConclusionNGS innovations together with bioinformatics investigation, which extend our insight, are progressively used to analyze multiple genes in a cost-effective way and have been applied in examining clinical cancer samples and offering NGS-based molecular diagnosis.ApplicationNGS is progressively significant as a device for the diagnosis of cancers.
The Japan Radiation Research Society Annual Meeting Abstracts The 48th Annual Meeting of The Japan Radiation Research Society, 2005
Genetik manusia adalah satu bidang yang agak baru dalam sains hayat dan perubatan. Ia adalah satu... more Genetik manusia adalah satu bidang yang agak baru dalam sains hayat dan perubatan. Ia adalah satu bidang yang dipercayai bakal mengubah bidang perubatan secara radikal, cara kita memahami, mendiagnosis, dan merawat penyakit-penyakit manusia, cara kita memahami biologi manusia secara keseluruhannya.
Annals of Oncology, Nov 1, 2013
Journal of Global Oncology, Oct 1, 2018
Background: Triple negative breast cancer (TNBC) is characterized by its biologic aggressiveness,... more Background: Triple negative breast cancer (TNBC) is characterized by its biologic aggressiveness, worse prognosis and lack of therapeutic targets. Due to high probability of tumor recurrence and also due to lack of available targeted therapies, TNBC patients are treated with standard chemotherapy using TAC [taxane (T), adriamycin (A) and cytoxan (C)] chemotherapy regimen. However, TNBC patients present significant interindividual differences of treatment efficacy. Drug resistance and recurrence remains major clinical obstacles to successful treatment in many TNBC patients. This warrants the need for early identification of TNBC patients who are likely to be chemosensitive and those who have high recurrence risk. TNBC may have specific molecular features that could be possible targets for new biologic targeted drugs. microRNAs (miRNAs) which are aberrantly expressed in tumors, can target and modulate key genes involved in TNBC chemotherapy. Aberrant microRNA expression is strongly implicated in anticancer drug resistance phenotype and hence, miRNAs appear to be promising candidates for response and recurrence prediction. Aim: To investigate the expression profile of few candidate miRNAs (miR-21, miR-27b, miR-34a, miR-182, miR-200c and miR-451) in tumourous and nontumourous tissues in Malaysian TNBC patients and their utility as predictive markers of recurrence in TNBC patients. Methods: Malaysian TNBC patients who had undergone TAC chemotherapy regimen at Hospital Universiti Sains Malaysia were identified and the clinicopathological variables were recorded. Total RNA from cancerous and adjacent noncancerous tissues of FFPE samples from 41 patients were isolated, transcribed and preamplified. The expression of selected miRNAs (miR-21, miR-27b, miR-34a, miR-182, miR-200c and miR-451) were quantified using quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR). The miRNAs expression was categorized into two groups based on upregulation and downregulation. The disease outcome of the patients were evaluated after completion of chemotherapy. Disease-free survival (DFS) analysis using Kaplan-Meier method followed by univariate and multivariate…
Annals of Oncology, Nov 1, 2016
Gynecology & reproductive health, Dec 30, 2021
Sex chromosome aneuploidies are the most common chromosome abnormalities associated with infertil... more Sex chromosome aneuploidies are the most common chromosome abnormalities associated with infertility in adult men. 47, XYY syndrome also known as Jacob Syndrome (JS) is one sex chromosome aneuploidy. Majority of 47, XYY men show normal spermatogenesis while minority may have varying degrees of impairment in spermatogenesis. This case report discusses about a 32 year old Malay gentleman who was diagnosed to have azoospermia for which cytogenetic analysis revealed an abnormal mosaic 47,XYY/45,X karyotype pattern as the underlying genetic cause. Abnormal mosaic 47,XYY/45,X karyotype associated with infertility is extremely rare in human population and hence reported for its rarity.
Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention, Feb 1, 2021
Background: The FAS mediated apoptosis pathway involving the FAS and FASL genes plays a crucial r... more Background: The FAS mediated apoptosis pathway involving the FAS and FASL genes plays a crucial role in the regulation of apoptotic cell death and imatinib mesylate (IM) mechanism of action. Promoter polymorphisms FAS-670 A>G and FAS-844 T>C which alter the transcriptional activity of these genes may grant a risk to develop cancer and revamp the drug activities towards the cancer cell. We investigated the association of these two polymorphisms with the susceptibility risk and IM treatment response in Malaysian chronic myeloid leukaemia (CML) patients. Methods: This is a retrospective study, which included 93 CML patients and 98 controls. The polymerase chain reaction restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) method was used to genotype the FAS and FASL polymorphisms. Data nanlysis was done using SPSS Version 22. The associations of the genotypes with susceptibility risk and IM response in CML patients were assessed by means of logistic regression analysis and deriving odds ratio with 95% CI. Results: We observed a significant association between FASL-844T>C polymorphism and CML susceptibility risk and IM response. Variant C allele and FASL-844 CC variant genotype carriers had significantly higher risk for CML susceptibility (OR 1.756, CI 1.163-2.652, p=0.007 and OR 2.261, CI 1.013-5.047, p=0.047 respectively). Conversely, the heterozygous genotype FASL-844 TC conferred lower risk for CML susceptibility (OR 0.379, CI 0.176-0.816, p=0.013). The heterozygous and homozygous variant genotypes and variant C alleles were found to confer a lower risk for the development of IM resistance with OR 0.129 (95% CI: 0.034-0.489 p=0.003), OR 0.257 (95% CI: 0.081-0.818, p=0.021), and OR 0.486 (95% CI: 0.262-0.899, p=0.021) respectively. We also found that FAS-670 A>G polymorphism was not associated with CML susceptibility risk or IM response. Conclusion: The genetic polymorphism FASL-844 T>C may contribute to the CML susceptibility risk and also IM treatment response in CML patients. Accodringly, it may be useful as a biomarker for predicting CML susceptibility risk and IM resistance.
Multiple myeloma (MM) is a cytogenetically heterogenous plasma cell malignancy. Based on the hall... more Multiple myeloma (MM) is a cytogenetically heterogenous plasma cell malignancy. Based on the hallmark cytogenetic abnormalities, MM can be divided into hyperdiploid and non-hyperdiploid subtypes. The hyperdiploid subtype is characterized by trisomies of certain odd numbered chromosomes namely 3, 5, 7, 9, 11, 15, 19 and 21 whereas non-hyperdiploid subtype is characterized by translocations of the immunoglobulin heavy chain alleles at chromosome 14q32 with various partner chromosomes with the most important of which being t(4;14), t(6;14), t(11;14), t(14;16), and t(14;20). In general, hyperdiploid patients are considered a better prognostic group while non-hyperdiploid patients are considered a high risk group. Here we report one myeloma case presented with hyperdiploid karyotype along with other complex high risk abnormalities and also a novel abnormality which was not previously described. A 74 years old Malay lady presented with abnormal biochemical profile namely reversed albumin ...
European Neuropsychopharmacology, Oct 1, 2002
Research Square (Research Square), Nov 30, 2022
All patients with the same TNM stage are treated according to the current algorithms for the clin... more All patients with the same TNM stage are treated according to the current algorithms for the clinical treatment of patients with head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC). Patient outcomes can be considerably improved by choosing a therapy based on a patient's unique distinctions in the genetic and biological properties of the tumour. Rapid technology advancements that enable thorough molecular characterisation of malignancies quickly and affordably have improved our understanding of the molecular pathways involved in tumour transformation and HNSCC disease development. Mining genetic data to enhance tumour staging, prognosis, and personalised therapy choices for HNSCC patients has not yet become standard practice despite noteworthy accomplishments in other tumour forms. We analyse and summarise both old and new data on predictive biomarkers for HNSCC in this review, intending to potentially enhance clinical patient care shortly.
Social Science Research Network, 2022
Saudi Journal of Oral and Dental Research, 2022
With the newly emerging concepts and advancements in genetic/genomic technologies, information on... more With the newly emerging concepts and advancements in genetic/genomic technologies, information on causative or candidate gene(s), transcription factors or growth factors responsible for orthodontic cases such as craniofacial dysmorphologies, morphogenesis and differentiation of craniofacial tissues, midfacial defects, crowding of teeth, prognathism, genetic variations associated with susceptibility of developing and/or heterogeneity in treatment response of malocclusions are emerging. Promising results have been accrued on utilization of genetic testing for management of monogenic traits such as primary failure of eruption (PFE), and Class III malocclusion. As the impact of genetic/genomic factors on orthodontic treatment outcome is emerging, gene therapy as a novel approach is being explored for effective and precise orthodontic treatment. Despite certain challenges and biosafety issues, the emergence of some promising success stories and ongoing research in gene therapy provides a...
Oral cancer (OC) is one of the most common cancers for both sexes worldwide. Early diagnosis and ... more Oral cancer (OC) is one of the most common cancers for both sexes worldwide. Early diagnosis and timely and appropriate treatment remains the most effective way to control OC. Although conventional diagnostic and treatment strategies for OC have improved over the past few decades, still these strategies remain far from optimal. Nanotechnology is a cutting edge and rapidly evolving technology in medicine. Multimodal nanoparticles have the potential to be used as diagnostic, as well as therapeutic agents in OC. Nanodiagnostics promise increased sensitivity, multiplexing capabilities, and reduced cost for screening and imaging of OC. Nanotechnology-based systems and devices can detect OC cells, identify cancer signatures, and provide targeted delivery of anticancer therapeutics to tumor cells. Though the use of nanoparticles for early detection and treatment of OC are in preclinical stages, its applications have the potential to replace highly invasive conventional methods for the dete...
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Papers by RAVINDRAN ANKATHIL