Papers by SHEIKH ABDUL RAFAY
Journal of Management and Research, 2019
Investment framework is one of the most significant components that impact the company’s value. R... more Investment framework is one of the most significant components that impact the company’s value. Reliable funding choices for a company generally lead to a capital structure that increases the firm’s value (Abor, 2006). Early studies provide contradictory reviews about a company’s capital structure decisions. This paper investigates the partial adjustment model for a company’s target capital structure. The study also explores how companies operating in different sectors of Pakistani market adjust towards the target capital structure levels. The study also recognizes that an unanticipated share price change also have an effect on the target capital structure. The results indicate that companies do have target leverage and that their adjustment speed varies from sector to sector of the Pakistani market. A typical sector closes more than 50% of the gap between its actual and its target debt ratios within one year.
Education in Medicine Journal, 2014
Objective: To recognize postgraduate stressors and their intensity among doctors doing post-gradu... more Objective: To recognize postgraduate stressors and their intensity among doctors doing post-graduation in the fields of academic and clinical medicine, using the Postgraduate Stressor Questionnaire (PSQ). Methods: A cross sectional study was conducted where the target population were postgraduate students. The PSQ was administered, a twenty-eight item questionnaire to identify and measure intensities of stressors. Questionnaires were administered to ninety postgraduate students, forty-five from each field. Data was entered on SPSS version 20. After descriptive analysis and checking the data for normality independent sample t-test and ANOVA were applied for numerical data, and chi square was applied for categorical data. Results: The mean age of the students was 30.97 (SD=6.52) years. Majority of the students were females. It was seen that academic related stressors were greatest among the two fields of medicine. Higher levels of stress were seen in students who were training in clinical medicine (mean=13.30, SD=4.84) than academic medicine (mean=12.27, SD=5.47). Conclusion: Postgraduate medical training is a highly stressful environment encountered by students. Academic related stressors were found to have its greatest impact in both the fields of medicine; this stress arises from scholastic, academic or educational events. Highest amounts of stress were seen in students enrolled in clinical medicine.
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Papers by SHEIKH ABDUL RAFAY