Power tiller is walking tractor mostly used for rotary cultivation in puddle soil. For wetland pa... more Power tiller is walking tractor mostly used for rotary cultivation in puddle soil. For wetland paddy cultivation, the power tiller can puddle the fields with rotavator and cage wheels much more uniformly and would give at-least 8 times higher output in a day than bullock operated puddling. The cage wheel, in particular, provides a floating effect to the power tiller in wet paddy fields, in addition to puddling the soil. Pneumatic, rubber-tired wheels performed poorly in paddy conditions and the power loss of these wheels was about 66% of the total loss. Therefore the mobility of these wheels should be improved by traction aids or they should be replaced altogether by rigid, open, flat-lugged wheels, such as cage wheels. These cage wheels give high traction, support the vehicle by distributing the weight of the machine over as great an area as possible, reduce soil compaction and prevent it from bogging down. Cage wheels for these conditions are inexpensive and easy to fabricate, and...
International Journal of Agricultural Science and Research, 2015
To evaluate the performance power tiller for different angle and diameter of cage wheel was teste... more To evaluate the performance power tiller for different angle and diameter of cage wheel was tested in the inceptisol at 0-5 cm, 5-10 cm, 10-15 cm and 15-20 cm, depth of water level. The cage wheel 73 cm diameter with 30⁰, 45⁰, and 60⁰ lug angle and different diameter of 68 cm,73 cm and 78 cm of 30 ⁰ lug angle of cage wheel, was tested in four water levels of 5, 10, 15 and 20 cm in wet land field. The better result was found in cage wheel C1 of 30⁰ lug angle with 73 cm diameter give better performance than other cage wheel. The cage wheel showed the best result in 15 cm water level in respect to minimum time requirement for puddling operation 8.69 h/ha, maximum working speed 1.82 kmph, actual field capacity 0.118 ha/h with 85.73 % field efficiency, less fuel consumption 9.39 l/ha, minimum slippage 10.41 %, with maximum puddling index of 29.25 % and less sinkage 2.33 cm on lug surface.
India is an agriculture based country where more than 60 % people are connected directly or indir... more India is an agriculture based country where more than 60 % people are connected directly or indirectly. Production of crop are increasing day by day because of high variety of seeds, mechanization,new methods but crop residues are also increasing.Farmers are not aware about using of crop residues in different aspects like stubble, straw, stalks and leaves depending on the crop and the farming practice, which is left over the field for composting as manure. By proper utilization of this crop residues can increase the profit of farmers by, food, fodder, feedstock, fibre, fuel and further use such as compost production and soil amelioration easier. it was tried to proper utilization of biomass by farmers or anyothers connected to agriculture by this book.
To study the influence of row proportions on yield components and yield of rabi crops under diffe... more To study the influence of row proportions on yield components and yield of rabi crops under different intercropping systems, an experiment was laid out in a randomized complete block design with three replications. Wheat (GW-273) was sown as sole crop and intercropped with chickpea (Vaibhav) in different proportions viz; 1:1, 2: 1 and 3: 1. It was found that the effective numbers. of tillers (m2), plant height (cm), LER (Land Equivalent Ratio), spike length (cm), numbers of grains per spike and grain weight(g), seed yield (kg), straw yield (kg) and harvest index (%) of wheat varied significantly among intercropping systems. The highest seed yield of 1255 kg ha-1 for wheat + chickpea (1255 kg ha-1) was found as compared to sole crop of wheat which was recorded as 1132.45 kg ha-1.
The selection of cage wheel is of primary importance in tillage operations for the optimization o... more The selection of cage wheel is of primary importance in tillage operations for the optimization of traction performance. Selection of proper cage wheel helps in limiting slip and fuel consumption which involves energy loss and it also minimize time required for soil tillage. The present study aim to investigate the tractive and drawbar performance of different diameter of cage wheels. Three cage wheels of diameter 68 cm, 73 cm, and 78 cm with 30° lug angles were tested in four different water levels of 5 cm, 10 cm, 15 cm and 20 cm in wet land field conditions. Results shows that cage wheel of 73 cm diameter gave better performance in terms of higher tractive efficiency with less power consumption, than other cage wheels. Reducing the diameter of cage wheel increases the draft and sinkage and blocking of soil on lug surface. The maximum tractive efficiency was found in the range of 73–78% at 789 N to 1224 N draft and drawbar power was in the range of 505 W to 565 W.
International Journal of Bio-resource and Stress Management, 2017
The experiment was conducted on IGKV research farm in wet puddle condition in April month of 2015... more The experiment was conducted on IGKV research farm in wet puddle condition in April month of 2015. The wet tillage practice was carried out by power tiller cage wheel attached with five tines cultivator. Paddy production increases by puddling of soil before transplanting. Cage wheel is an important traction device for any prime mower. The lug is wing provided in cage wheels which interact with the wet soil to churn the soil .The cage wheel 730 mm diameter with 30⁰, 45⁰, and 60⁰ lug angle and three different diameter of 73 mm, 680 mm and 780 mm of 30⁰ was tested at 0 to 50 mm, 50 to 100 mm, 100 to 150 mm and 150 to 200 mm, depth of water level in wet land field. The result was found that cage wheel C1 of 30⁰ lug angle with 730 mm diameter give better performance than other cage wheel. The cage wheel showed the best result in 50-100 mm water level in respect to maximum tractive efficiency was found in the range of 73−78% at 996 N to 1009 N draft and drawbar power was in the range of 478.08 W to 484.32 W. While maximum drawbar power was (523.16 to 555.28 W) was observed at 0 to 50 mm water level. Therefore cage wheel of 30⁰ lug angle with 730 mm diameter was found suitable for wet land paddy field condition.
International Journal of Engineering Research and, 2015
The study was carried out on energy requirement and energy input-output relationship in rice prod... more The study was carried out on energy requirement and energy input-output relationship in rice production by transplanting method. A study was under taken to obtain energy inputs and cost cost input in case of wet land transplanted paddy condition. Three research plots of IGKV research farm, Raipur, Chhattisgarh were selected for study during the period of 2013-14 in kharif season. The energy required for different field operation and sources were calculated by using energy equivalent. The energy requirement for paddy cultivation was found to be 13615.94 MJ/ha in which fertilizer consumed almost 60% i.e.7706.75MJ/ha of total energy use. The minimum energy use as observed in intercultural operation due to application of weedicide for control of weeds. The total input cost of rice cultivation was found to be Rs.35, 221.90/ ha. The benefit cost ratio was found to be 1.96:1.
Power tiller is walking tractor mostly used for rotary cultivation in puddle soil. For wetland pa... more Power tiller is walking tractor mostly used for rotary cultivation in puddle soil. For wetland paddy cultivation, the power tiller can puddle the fields with rotavator and cage wheels much more uniformly and would give at-least 8 times higher output in a day than bullock operated puddling. The cage wheel, in particular, provides a floating effect to the power tiller in wet paddy fields, in addition to puddling the soil. Pneumatic, rubber-tired wheels performed poorly in paddy conditions and the power loss of these wheels was about 66% of the total loss. Therefore the mobility of these wheels should be improved by traction aids or they should be replaced altogether by rigid, open, flat-lugged wheels, such as cage wheels. These cage wheels give high traction, support the vehicle by distributing the weight of the machine over as great an area as possible, reduce soil compaction and prevent it from bogging down. Cage wheels for these conditions are inexpensive and easy to fabricate, and...
International Journal of Agricultural Science and Research, 2015
To evaluate the performance power tiller for different angle and diameter of cage wheel was teste... more To evaluate the performance power tiller for different angle and diameter of cage wheel was tested in the inceptisol at 0-5 cm, 5-10 cm, 10-15 cm and 15-20 cm, depth of water level. The cage wheel 73 cm diameter with 30⁰, 45⁰, and 60⁰ lug angle and different diameter of 68 cm,73 cm and 78 cm of 30 ⁰ lug angle of cage wheel, was tested in four water levels of 5, 10, 15 and 20 cm in wet land field. The better result was found in cage wheel C1 of 30⁰ lug angle with 73 cm diameter give better performance than other cage wheel. The cage wheel showed the best result in 15 cm water level in respect to minimum time requirement for puddling operation 8.69 h/ha, maximum working speed 1.82 kmph, actual field capacity 0.118 ha/h with 85.73 % field efficiency, less fuel consumption 9.39 l/ha, minimum slippage 10.41 %, with maximum puddling index of 29.25 % and less sinkage 2.33 cm on lug surface.
India is an agriculture based country where more than 60 % people are connected directly or indir... more India is an agriculture based country where more than 60 % people are connected directly or indirectly. Production of crop are increasing day by day because of high variety of seeds, mechanization,new methods but crop residues are also increasing.Farmers are not aware about using of crop residues in different aspects like stubble, straw, stalks and leaves depending on the crop and the farming practice, which is left over the field for composting as manure. By proper utilization of this crop residues can increase the profit of farmers by, food, fodder, feedstock, fibre, fuel and further use such as compost production and soil amelioration easier. it was tried to proper utilization of biomass by farmers or anyothers connected to agriculture by this book.
To study the influence of row proportions on yield components and yield of rabi crops under diffe... more To study the influence of row proportions on yield components and yield of rabi crops under different intercropping systems, an experiment was laid out in a randomized complete block design with three replications. Wheat (GW-273) was sown as sole crop and intercropped with chickpea (Vaibhav) in different proportions viz; 1:1, 2: 1 and 3: 1. It was found that the effective numbers. of tillers (m2), plant height (cm), LER (Land Equivalent Ratio), spike length (cm), numbers of grains per spike and grain weight(g), seed yield (kg), straw yield (kg) and harvest index (%) of wheat varied significantly among intercropping systems. The highest seed yield of 1255 kg ha-1 for wheat + chickpea (1255 kg ha-1) was found as compared to sole crop of wheat which was recorded as 1132.45 kg ha-1.
The selection of cage wheel is of primary importance in tillage operations for the optimization o... more The selection of cage wheel is of primary importance in tillage operations for the optimization of traction performance. Selection of proper cage wheel helps in limiting slip and fuel consumption which involves energy loss and it also minimize time required for soil tillage. The present study aim to investigate the tractive and drawbar performance of different diameter of cage wheels. Three cage wheels of diameter 68 cm, 73 cm, and 78 cm with 30° lug angles were tested in four different water levels of 5 cm, 10 cm, 15 cm and 20 cm in wet land field conditions. Results shows that cage wheel of 73 cm diameter gave better performance in terms of higher tractive efficiency with less power consumption, than other cage wheels. Reducing the diameter of cage wheel increases the draft and sinkage and blocking of soil on lug surface. The maximum tractive efficiency was found in the range of 73–78% at 789 N to 1224 N draft and drawbar power was in the range of 505 W to 565 W.
International Journal of Bio-resource and Stress Management, 2017
The experiment was conducted on IGKV research farm in wet puddle condition in April month of 2015... more The experiment was conducted on IGKV research farm in wet puddle condition in April month of 2015. The wet tillage practice was carried out by power tiller cage wheel attached with five tines cultivator. Paddy production increases by puddling of soil before transplanting. Cage wheel is an important traction device for any prime mower. The lug is wing provided in cage wheels which interact with the wet soil to churn the soil .The cage wheel 730 mm diameter with 30⁰, 45⁰, and 60⁰ lug angle and three different diameter of 73 mm, 680 mm and 780 mm of 30⁰ was tested at 0 to 50 mm, 50 to 100 mm, 100 to 150 mm and 150 to 200 mm, depth of water level in wet land field. The result was found that cage wheel C1 of 30⁰ lug angle with 730 mm diameter give better performance than other cage wheel. The cage wheel showed the best result in 50-100 mm water level in respect to maximum tractive efficiency was found in the range of 73−78% at 996 N to 1009 N draft and drawbar power was in the range of 478.08 W to 484.32 W. While maximum drawbar power was (523.16 to 555.28 W) was observed at 0 to 50 mm water level. Therefore cage wheel of 30⁰ lug angle with 730 mm diameter was found suitable for wet land paddy field condition.
International Journal of Engineering Research and, 2015
The study was carried out on energy requirement and energy input-output relationship in rice prod... more The study was carried out on energy requirement and energy input-output relationship in rice production by transplanting method. A study was under taken to obtain energy inputs and cost cost input in case of wet land transplanted paddy condition. Three research plots of IGKV research farm, Raipur, Chhattisgarh were selected for study during the period of 2013-14 in kharif season. The energy required for different field operation and sources were calculated by using energy equivalent. The energy requirement for paddy cultivation was found to be 13615.94 MJ/ha in which fertilizer consumed almost 60% i.e.7706.75MJ/ha of total energy use. The minimum energy use as observed in intercultural operation due to application of weedicide for control of weeds. The total input cost of rice cultivation was found to be Rs.35, 221.90/ ha. The benefit cost ratio was found to be 1.96:1.
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