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Piotr Bojar

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Papers by Piotr Bojar

Identification and assessment of transport identification and assessment of transport systems operation quality

Archives of Transport, 2011

Analiza wpływu uszkodzeń wybranego podsystemu środka transportu na niezawodność i bezpieczeństwo realizacji zadania przewozowego

Logistyka, 2010

The Model of Defining the Efficiency of Logistics Subsystem Posts in the Transport System

Journal of KONES, 2010

The tasks of transport systems include the realization of the assigned transport tasks by the uti... more The tasks of transport systems include the realization of the assigned transport tasks by the utilization subsystem comprised of elementary subsystems of the man-technological object (driver-vehicle) type. In order to assure the appropriate realization of the transport task it is necessary to maintain the required number of vehicles at the state of task worthiness. It is achieved as a result of the realization of service and repair processes at the logistics subsystem posts. In case of the transport system, the task assigned to the logistics subsystem is determined by the number of technological objects (vehicles) which should be serviced as well as the length of the time interval during which they are to be serviced. The task determined in this way is realized by teams of specialists at each logistics subsystem post, equipped with appropriate devices and tools. One of the methods of the evaluation of the level of the realization of worthiness is defining the efficiency of the logistics subsystem posts. The article presents the model of defining the efficiency of logistics subsystem posts in the transport system. The presented model measures the efficiency of the logistics subsystem through the probability of servicing of the required number of vehicles over an assigned time interval. The obtained characteristics have been presented in general terms as well as for exponential and Erlang distributions. Then, for the utilization data obtained from the tests conducted in an existing transport system, the values of analyzed characteristics were defined. The presented results are the effect of research conducted as part of a larger research project pertaining to the creation of a decision-making model of controlling the availability of a transport system.

Proposal of a Method to Evaluate of Include of the Undesirable Human Factors on Safety Operation of the Transport System

Journal of KONES, 2010

An anthropo-technical system is a pair Human-Technical Object performing their tasks in the envir... more An anthropo-technical system is a pair Human-Technical Object performing their tasks in the environment E <H-TO-E>. In systems of this type threats can be posed by a human H, technical object TO, and the environmental impact on the technical object and people present within the system or its environment. The level of undesirable influence of the human factor on safety of the system operation depends on the human location in the analyzed system. In the work there has been made an attempt to develop a method for assessment of undesirable errors of people situated in an anthropo-technical system and its environment. Error is an inseparable attribute of human behaviour. Depending on the situation, a human error can lead to deviations from the terms of task accomplishment, it can threaten their safety and be the cause of an undesirable event occurrence. Errors can be divided into the following groups: Training errors these are errors connected with the technique of vehicle driving, decision errors which in situations posing a threat to the system safety largely depend on the situation assessment, making and following a decision of rational control of the vehicle, and Information reception errors resulting from failing to notice signals informing about operation of the vehicle particular subsystems or a change of the road conditions or noticing them too late. For this purpose an algorithm of assessment of people's undesirable actions has been developed. The proposed method for assessment of the impact of undesirable actions of people involved in an antropo-technical system and its environment is a complex method which accounts for different human behaviours.

Analiza zagrożeń związanych z przewozem drogowym materiałów niebezpiecznych

Studia i Materiały Polskiego Stowarzyszenia Zarządzania Wiedzą, 2011

Ocena bezpieczeństwa działania systemu transportowego w przedsiębiorstwie usług komunalnych

Autobusy – Technika, Eksploatacja, Systemy Transportowe, Jun 20, 2018

Warunki pracy kierowców mają bezpośredni wpływ na bezpieczeństwo realizowanych zadań. Szczególnie... more Warunki pracy kierowców mają bezpośredni wpływ na bezpieczeństwo realizowanych zadań. Szczególnie zauważalne jest to na terenach zurbanizowanych na których występuje zwiększone natężenie ruchu oraz pewne ograniczenia wynikające ze stanu infrastruktury. Wśród czynników wywołujących zmiany zachowań kierowców są czynniki antropotechniczne wynikające z działań ludzi usytuowanych w pojeździe oraz jego otoczeniu, zewnętrzne wynikające z oddziaływania warunków atmosferycznych jak również stanu infrastruktury i robocze wynikające z funkcjonowania środka transportu.. W pracy podjęto próbę identyfikacji i oceny wpływu czynników zewnętrznych i antropotechnicznych na bezpieczeństwo realizowanego procesu transportowego.

Identification of Undesirable Events in the Municipal Transport System

Journal of Konbin, 2010

Road transport systems are socio-technical systems of the type Human

Assessment of the influence of the human factor on safety of the transportation process

Journal of Konbin, 2013

Safety of the transport process is a criterion of top priority for a transportation system operat... more Safety of the transport process is a criterion of top priority for a transportation system operation and maintenance. It is of special importance in case of public municipal transportation. Systems of this type operate in specific road conditions: increased intensity of traffic during a day and night, a big number of pedestrians as well as drivers of other vehicles. In such conditions the human factor and its impact on the transport system operation is of key importance. A human can be involved in the transportation system as a driver, passenger, pedestrian, or in another way (cyclist, motorcyclist). Improper behavior of people account for 36%-46% of road accident causes defined as undesirable events occurred within the space of the road. In this paper there has been mad an attempt to evaluate the transportation system from the point of view of people present in the transportation system and its environment.

Transport rules and assessment of threats connected with transport of hazardous materials by train

Journal of KONES, 2011

Every year in Poland, approximately 22 million tons of dangerous materials is transported, which,... more Every year in Poland, approximately 22 million tons of dangerous materials is transported, which, apart from the German railway, places it on the second position in Europe. The most numerous group of dangerous materials include items of class 3 (liquid, flammable materials), especially liquid fuels. In order to prevent accidents and remove their effects, the European Union countries have developed an international code regulating transport of dangerous materials by railway, RID. Every year 110 billion ton kilometres of dangerous materials are transported on the territory of the EU. Materials carried by road transport account for 58%, by railway 25% and by water 17% of all the transported dangerous products. Transport of dangerous materials accounts for 8% of all freight transports in the European Union. Having in view natural environment protection and safety of people, there are carried out works on one legal act to account for all the three transport branches. Railway transports of dangerous materials are performed in a safe

Propozycja budowy metody oceny niepożądanych działań ludzi usytuowanych w systemie antropotechnicznym i jego otoczeniu

Algorithm of the influence of the road transport system on its operational safety

Journal of KONES, 2010

Safety is a priority criterion of the transport systems operation referred to as a total of means... more Safety is a priority criterion of the transport systems operation referred to as a total of means and activities connected with carrying of people and cargo. The main goal of systems of this type is safe carrying people in set quantities and over an assigned area, by means of transport means used in the system. Road transport is the most frequently used branch of transport. It is characterized by high speed and flexibility of transport tasks accomplishment resulting from a big number of roads which enable carrying passengers or cargo directly to the place of destination. Road transport can be distinguished from other transport branches by the following features: unlimited access to road transport means, high serviceability, high transport speed, providing services according to the schedule and punctually. The system environment includes all components which belong to it in terms of the carried out analysis. External factors of the environment, due to a system approach to the analyzed system safety assessment include: weather conditions, road surface, inappropriately designed infrastructure, kinds of roads. The paper identifies the source of safety threats of transport systems caused by the influence of weather conditions on people and technical means of transport.

Evaluation of readiness of selected transport system

Autobusy, Sep 7, 2018

Do podstawowych zadań operatora publicznego transportu zbiorowego należy niezawodne i bezpieczne ... more Do podstawowych zadań operatora publicznego transportu zbiorowego należy niezawodne i bezpieczne wykonywanie przewozów w ramach zawartej umowy przewozowej z organizatorem transportu. Podmiot pełniący rolę operatora zobowiązany jest do punktualnego przestrzegania rozkładów jazdy, jest to możliwe pod warunkiem że operator dysponuje taborem charakteryzującym się wysokim poziomem gotowości taboru. W pracy podjęto próbę oceny gotowości operatora publicznego transportu zbiorowego realizującego zadania na terenie miasta i obszarze przyległym o łącznej liczbie mieszkańców nie przekraczającej stu tysięcy.

LATEST TRENDS on APPLIED MATHEMATICS, SIMULATION, MODELLING

Interpolation techniques on structured data sets are well known and used. There are many technica... more Interpolation techniques on structured data sets are well known and used. There are many technical and non-technical applications when interpolation of scalar values, e.g. a potential fields, or vector data on unstructured ddata sets are needed. Radial Basis Functions (RBF) offer smooth data interpolation generally in n-dimensional space. RBF interpolation is especially convenient for applications with scattered data. We will present standard RBF interpolation techniques and new incremental approach with significantly lower computational complexity.

Analiza procesu transportowego wybranej klasy materiałów niebezpiecznych

Logistyka, 2014

Evaluation of threats in an antropotechnical system

International Conference on Applied Mathematics, Jul 22, 2010

An antropotechnical system is the Human-Technical Object set which perform their tasks in the env... more An antropotechnical system is the Human-Technical Object set which perform their tasks in the environment H-TOE . In systems of this type threats are posed by: the human H technical object TO and by the impact of the environment E on the technical object and people present in the system and in its environment. Threats, which result from the technical object limited task ability state, can be divided into: errors of training, decision errors and information reception errors. The errors are caused by poor condition (psychical or psychophysical) of the operator, or their inappropriate actions. Threats resulting from the state of the technical object limited usability are dependent on importance of the damaged subsystems, the more important the damage object, the higher threat level of the system operation safety. The paper deals with identification of threat occurrence sources connected with the states of the technical object limited usability and assessment of their influence on the analyzed system operation safety. For this purpose an index model has been built and the analysis hierarchy process AHP has been used.

Wpływ infrastruktury drogi na bezpieczeństwo ruchu drogowego

Zeszyty Naukowe Politechniki Świętokrzyskiej. Nauki Techniczne, 2008

Availability of a Technical Object Determined in a Finite Time Interval

Journal of KONES, 2011

In the article, a method for determination of the technical object availability, OT G in a finite... more In the article, a method for determination of the technical object availability, OT G in a finite time interval , defined by the time of the transport task duration, has been discussed. All of the study has been presented on the example of a selected system of technical object operation-a system of transport means operation, in a big urban complex (more than 400 thousand inhabitants). Direct performance of the transport tasks in the analyzed system is the responsibility of an executive system consisting of elementary subsystems of the type operator-transport means. Availability of transport means elementary subsystems is crucial for efficient accomplishment of transport tasks. The presented method involves determination of the technical object availability, on the basis of a mathematical model of the operation process which takes place in the studied system, taking into consideration the technical object reliability characteristics. For this purpose, significant states of the transport means operation have been determined and they have been classified in terms of the availability criterion. Basing on this, an event and mathematical models of transport means operation process have been developed, with the semi Markov homogenous model serving as a mathematical model of the studied operation process. Also, values of the analyzed characteristics have been determined.

Ocena gotowości wybranego systemu transportowego

Autobusy – Technika, Eksploatacja, Systemy Transportowe, Jun 20, 2018

The basic tasks of the public public transport operator include reliable and safe transport servi... more The basic tasks of the public public transport operator include reliable and safe transport services under the concluded transport contract with the transport organizer. The entity acting as the operator is obliged to punctually adhere to timetables, it is possible provided that the operator has a rolling stock characterized by a high level of readiness for rolling stock. The paper attempts to assess the readiness of the public transport operator performing tasks in the city and the adjacent area with a total number of residents not exceeding one hundred thousand.

Assessment of the Influence of the Human Factor on Safety of the Transportation Process / Ocena Wpływu Czynnika Ludzkiego Na Bezpieczeństwo Procesu Transportowego

Journal of Konbin, Mar 1, 2013

Safety of the transport process is a criterion of top priority for a transportation system operat... more Safety of the transport process is a criterion of top priority for a transportation system operation and maintenance. It is of special importance in case of public municipal transportation. Systems of this type operate in specific road conditions: increased intensity of traffic during a day and night, a big number of pedestrians as well as drivers of other vehicles. In such conditions the human factor and its impact on the transport system operation is of key importance. A human can be involved in the transportation system as a driver, passenger, pedestrian, or in another way (cyclist, motorcyclist). Improper behavior of people account for 36%-46% of road accident causes defined as undesirable events occurred within the space of the road. In this paper there has been mad an attempt to evaluate the transportation system from the point of view of people present in the transportation system and its environment.

Application of Fmea Method for Assessment of Risk in Land Transportation of Hazardous Materials

Journal of KONES, 2015

An increasing amount of carried transport mass, speed of transportation, intensity of traffic pos... more An increasing amount of carried transport mass, speed of transportation, intensity of traffic pose a threat to the ecosystem are presented. At risk are both the participants of the road and railroad traffic and the inhabitants of areas where those transport tasks are performed. The risk also applies to property and the natural environment-soil, water, air, and fauna. Therefore, providing the transports with high level of safety is of top priority. Assessment of the risk connected with transport of hazardous materials is closely related to evaluation of road traffic rules and their violations. The risk of occurrence of undesirable events during transportation of dangerous material is connected with such events as accidents, collisions, derailments, vehicle failures. Risk assessment of hazardous materials land transportation will make it possible to indicate the factors, which determine occurrence of undesirable events. An analysis of risk in land transport of hazardous materials will be made on the basis of data concerning results of road controls carried out by inspectors of Road Transport Inspection. In this research, an attempt has been made to evaluate the risk connected with land transport of hazardous materials with the use of available risk assessment methods.

Identification and assessment of transport identification and assessment of transport systems operation quality

Archives of Transport, 2011

Analiza wpływu uszkodzeń wybranego podsystemu środka transportu na niezawodność i bezpieczeństwo realizacji zadania przewozowego

Logistyka, 2010

The Model of Defining the Efficiency of Logistics Subsystem Posts in the Transport System

Journal of KONES, 2010

The tasks of transport systems include the realization of the assigned transport tasks by the uti... more The tasks of transport systems include the realization of the assigned transport tasks by the utilization subsystem comprised of elementary subsystems of the man-technological object (driver-vehicle) type. In order to assure the appropriate realization of the transport task it is necessary to maintain the required number of vehicles at the state of task worthiness. It is achieved as a result of the realization of service and repair processes at the logistics subsystem posts. In case of the transport system, the task assigned to the logistics subsystem is determined by the number of technological objects (vehicles) which should be serviced as well as the length of the time interval during which they are to be serviced. The task determined in this way is realized by teams of specialists at each logistics subsystem post, equipped with appropriate devices and tools. One of the methods of the evaluation of the level of the realization of worthiness is defining the efficiency of the logistics subsystem posts. The article presents the model of defining the efficiency of logistics subsystem posts in the transport system. The presented model measures the efficiency of the logistics subsystem through the probability of servicing of the required number of vehicles over an assigned time interval. The obtained characteristics have been presented in general terms as well as for exponential and Erlang distributions. Then, for the utilization data obtained from the tests conducted in an existing transport system, the values of analyzed characteristics were defined. The presented results are the effect of research conducted as part of a larger research project pertaining to the creation of a decision-making model of controlling the availability of a transport system.

Proposal of a Method to Evaluate of Include of the Undesirable Human Factors on Safety Operation of the Transport System

Journal of KONES, 2010

An anthropo-technical system is a pair Human-Technical Object performing their tasks in the envir... more An anthropo-technical system is a pair Human-Technical Object performing their tasks in the environment E <H-TO-E>. In systems of this type threats can be posed by a human H, technical object TO, and the environmental impact on the technical object and people present within the system or its environment. The level of undesirable influence of the human factor on safety of the system operation depends on the human location in the analyzed system. In the work there has been made an attempt to develop a method for assessment of undesirable errors of people situated in an anthropo-technical system and its environment. Error is an inseparable attribute of human behaviour. Depending on the situation, a human error can lead to deviations from the terms of task accomplishment, it can threaten their safety and be the cause of an undesirable event occurrence. Errors can be divided into the following groups: Training errors these are errors connected with the technique of vehicle driving, decision errors which in situations posing a threat to the system safety largely depend on the situation assessment, making and following a decision of rational control of the vehicle, and Information reception errors resulting from failing to notice signals informing about operation of the vehicle particular subsystems or a change of the road conditions or noticing them too late. For this purpose an algorithm of assessment of people's undesirable actions has been developed. The proposed method for assessment of the impact of undesirable actions of people involved in an antropo-technical system and its environment is a complex method which accounts for different human behaviours.

Analiza zagrożeń związanych z przewozem drogowym materiałów niebezpiecznych

Studia i Materiały Polskiego Stowarzyszenia Zarządzania Wiedzą, 2011

Ocena bezpieczeństwa działania systemu transportowego w przedsiębiorstwie usług komunalnych

Autobusy – Technika, Eksploatacja, Systemy Transportowe, Jun 20, 2018

Warunki pracy kierowców mają bezpośredni wpływ na bezpieczeństwo realizowanych zadań. Szczególnie... more Warunki pracy kierowców mają bezpośredni wpływ na bezpieczeństwo realizowanych zadań. Szczególnie zauważalne jest to na terenach zurbanizowanych na których występuje zwiększone natężenie ruchu oraz pewne ograniczenia wynikające ze stanu infrastruktury. Wśród czynników wywołujących zmiany zachowań kierowców są czynniki antropotechniczne wynikające z działań ludzi usytuowanych w pojeździe oraz jego otoczeniu, zewnętrzne wynikające z oddziaływania warunków atmosferycznych jak również stanu infrastruktury i robocze wynikające z funkcjonowania środka transportu.. W pracy podjęto próbę identyfikacji i oceny wpływu czynników zewnętrznych i antropotechnicznych na bezpieczeństwo realizowanego procesu transportowego.

Identification of Undesirable Events in the Municipal Transport System

Journal of Konbin, 2010

Road transport systems are socio-technical systems of the type Human

Assessment of the influence of the human factor on safety of the transportation process

Journal of Konbin, 2013

Safety of the transport process is a criterion of top priority for a transportation system operat... more Safety of the transport process is a criterion of top priority for a transportation system operation and maintenance. It is of special importance in case of public municipal transportation. Systems of this type operate in specific road conditions: increased intensity of traffic during a day and night, a big number of pedestrians as well as drivers of other vehicles. In such conditions the human factor and its impact on the transport system operation is of key importance. A human can be involved in the transportation system as a driver, passenger, pedestrian, or in another way (cyclist, motorcyclist). Improper behavior of people account for 36%-46% of road accident causes defined as undesirable events occurred within the space of the road. In this paper there has been mad an attempt to evaluate the transportation system from the point of view of people present in the transportation system and its environment.

Transport rules and assessment of threats connected with transport of hazardous materials by train

Journal of KONES, 2011

Every year in Poland, approximately 22 million tons of dangerous materials is transported, which,... more Every year in Poland, approximately 22 million tons of dangerous materials is transported, which, apart from the German railway, places it on the second position in Europe. The most numerous group of dangerous materials include items of class 3 (liquid, flammable materials), especially liquid fuels. In order to prevent accidents and remove their effects, the European Union countries have developed an international code regulating transport of dangerous materials by railway, RID. Every year 110 billion ton kilometres of dangerous materials are transported on the territory of the EU. Materials carried by road transport account for 58%, by railway 25% and by water 17% of all the transported dangerous products. Transport of dangerous materials accounts for 8% of all freight transports in the European Union. Having in view natural environment protection and safety of people, there are carried out works on one legal act to account for all the three transport branches. Railway transports of dangerous materials are performed in a safe

Propozycja budowy metody oceny niepożądanych działań ludzi usytuowanych w systemie antropotechnicznym i jego otoczeniu

Algorithm of the influence of the road transport system on its operational safety

Journal of KONES, 2010

Safety is a priority criterion of the transport systems operation referred to as a total of means... more Safety is a priority criterion of the transport systems operation referred to as a total of means and activities connected with carrying of people and cargo. The main goal of systems of this type is safe carrying people in set quantities and over an assigned area, by means of transport means used in the system. Road transport is the most frequently used branch of transport. It is characterized by high speed and flexibility of transport tasks accomplishment resulting from a big number of roads which enable carrying passengers or cargo directly to the place of destination. Road transport can be distinguished from other transport branches by the following features: unlimited access to road transport means, high serviceability, high transport speed, providing services according to the schedule and punctually. The system environment includes all components which belong to it in terms of the carried out analysis. External factors of the environment, due to a system approach to the analyzed system safety assessment include: weather conditions, road surface, inappropriately designed infrastructure, kinds of roads. The paper identifies the source of safety threats of transport systems caused by the influence of weather conditions on people and technical means of transport.

Evaluation of readiness of selected transport system

Autobusy, Sep 7, 2018

Do podstawowych zadań operatora publicznego transportu zbiorowego należy niezawodne i bezpieczne ... more Do podstawowych zadań operatora publicznego transportu zbiorowego należy niezawodne i bezpieczne wykonywanie przewozów w ramach zawartej umowy przewozowej z organizatorem transportu. Podmiot pełniący rolę operatora zobowiązany jest do punktualnego przestrzegania rozkładów jazdy, jest to możliwe pod warunkiem że operator dysponuje taborem charakteryzującym się wysokim poziomem gotowości taboru. W pracy podjęto próbę oceny gotowości operatora publicznego transportu zbiorowego realizującego zadania na terenie miasta i obszarze przyległym o łącznej liczbie mieszkańców nie przekraczającej stu tysięcy.

LATEST TRENDS on APPLIED MATHEMATICS, SIMULATION, MODELLING

Interpolation techniques on structured data sets are well known and used. There are many technica... more Interpolation techniques on structured data sets are well known and used. There are many technical and non-technical applications when interpolation of scalar values, e.g. a potential fields, or vector data on unstructured ddata sets are needed. Radial Basis Functions (RBF) offer smooth data interpolation generally in n-dimensional space. RBF interpolation is especially convenient for applications with scattered data. We will present standard RBF interpolation techniques and new incremental approach with significantly lower computational complexity.

Analiza procesu transportowego wybranej klasy materiałów niebezpiecznych

Logistyka, 2014

Evaluation of threats in an antropotechnical system

International Conference on Applied Mathematics, Jul 22, 2010

An antropotechnical system is the Human-Technical Object set which perform their tasks in the env... more An antropotechnical system is the Human-Technical Object set which perform their tasks in the environment H-TOE . In systems of this type threats are posed by: the human H technical object TO and by the impact of the environment E on the technical object and people present in the system and in its environment. Threats, which result from the technical object limited task ability state, can be divided into: errors of training, decision errors and information reception errors. The errors are caused by poor condition (psychical or psychophysical) of the operator, or their inappropriate actions. Threats resulting from the state of the technical object limited usability are dependent on importance of the damaged subsystems, the more important the damage object, the higher threat level of the system operation safety. The paper deals with identification of threat occurrence sources connected with the states of the technical object limited usability and assessment of their influence on the analyzed system operation safety. For this purpose an index model has been built and the analysis hierarchy process AHP has been used.

Wpływ infrastruktury drogi na bezpieczeństwo ruchu drogowego

Zeszyty Naukowe Politechniki Świętokrzyskiej. Nauki Techniczne, 2008

Availability of a Technical Object Determined in a Finite Time Interval

Journal of KONES, 2011

In the article, a method for determination of the technical object availability, OT G in a finite... more In the article, a method for determination of the technical object availability, OT G in a finite time interval , defined by the time of the transport task duration, has been discussed. All of the study has been presented on the example of a selected system of technical object operation-a system of transport means operation, in a big urban complex (more than 400 thousand inhabitants). Direct performance of the transport tasks in the analyzed system is the responsibility of an executive system consisting of elementary subsystems of the type operator-transport means. Availability of transport means elementary subsystems is crucial for efficient accomplishment of transport tasks. The presented method involves determination of the technical object availability, on the basis of a mathematical model of the operation process which takes place in the studied system, taking into consideration the technical object reliability characteristics. For this purpose, significant states of the transport means operation have been determined and they have been classified in terms of the availability criterion. Basing on this, an event and mathematical models of transport means operation process have been developed, with the semi Markov homogenous model serving as a mathematical model of the studied operation process. Also, values of the analyzed characteristics have been determined.

Ocena gotowości wybranego systemu transportowego

Autobusy – Technika, Eksploatacja, Systemy Transportowe, Jun 20, 2018

The basic tasks of the public public transport operator include reliable and safe transport servi... more The basic tasks of the public public transport operator include reliable and safe transport services under the concluded transport contract with the transport organizer. The entity acting as the operator is obliged to punctually adhere to timetables, it is possible provided that the operator has a rolling stock characterized by a high level of readiness for rolling stock. The paper attempts to assess the readiness of the public transport operator performing tasks in the city and the adjacent area with a total number of residents not exceeding one hundred thousand.

Assessment of the Influence of the Human Factor on Safety of the Transportation Process / Ocena Wpływu Czynnika Ludzkiego Na Bezpieczeństwo Procesu Transportowego

Journal of Konbin, Mar 1, 2013

Safety of the transport process is a criterion of top priority for a transportation system operat... more Safety of the transport process is a criterion of top priority for a transportation system operation and maintenance. It is of special importance in case of public municipal transportation. Systems of this type operate in specific road conditions: increased intensity of traffic during a day and night, a big number of pedestrians as well as drivers of other vehicles. In such conditions the human factor and its impact on the transport system operation is of key importance. A human can be involved in the transportation system as a driver, passenger, pedestrian, or in another way (cyclist, motorcyclist). Improper behavior of people account for 36%-46% of road accident causes defined as undesirable events occurred within the space of the road. In this paper there has been mad an attempt to evaluate the transportation system from the point of view of people present in the transportation system and its environment.

Application of Fmea Method for Assessment of Risk in Land Transportation of Hazardous Materials

Journal of KONES, 2015

An increasing amount of carried transport mass, speed of transportation, intensity of traffic pos... more An increasing amount of carried transport mass, speed of transportation, intensity of traffic pose a threat to the ecosystem are presented. At risk are both the participants of the road and railroad traffic and the inhabitants of areas where those transport tasks are performed. The risk also applies to property and the natural environment-soil, water, air, and fauna. Therefore, providing the transports with high level of safety is of top priority. Assessment of the risk connected with transport of hazardous materials is closely related to evaluation of road traffic rules and their violations. The risk of occurrence of undesirable events during transportation of dangerous material is connected with such events as accidents, collisions, derailments, vehicle failures. Risk assessment of hazardous materials land transportation will make it possible to indicate the factors, which determine occurrence of undesirable events. An analysis of risk in land transport of hazardous materials will be made on the basis of data concerning results of road controls carried out by inspectors of Road Transport Inspection. In this research, an attempt has been made to evaluate the risk connected with land transport of hazardous materials with the use of available risk assessment methods.