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Petar Kes

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Petar Kes MD, PhD, a regular professor in permanent vocation of internal medicine and nephrology, consultant-nephrologist.Born in 1950. In Osijek, Croatia. Graduated on School of Medicine, University of Zagreb, MD (1974.), M.Sc. (1981.) and Ph.D. (1989.).Employment: General Hospital Osijek, Osijek

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Saint Mary's University (Canada)

King Saud University

Pt. B.D.Sharma PGIMS, Rohtak

Ashok Kumar Yadav

PGIMER,CHD,India

University of Zagreb, Faculty of Humanities and Social Sciences [Filozofski fakultet]

Zagazig University

Garumma T Feyissa

Drexel University

University of British Columbia

Gouda M El-labban

Suez Canal University

University of Toronto

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Papers by Petar Kes

Povezanost Virusnih Bolesti I Tumora Nakon Transplantacije Bubrega

Acta medica Croatica, Mar 1, 2011

Uporaba imunosupresijskih lijekova povezuje se s povećanom učestalosti različitih zloćudnih boles... more Uporaba imunosupresijskih lijekova povezuje se s povećanom učestalosti različitih zloćudnih bolesti. Etiologija posttransplantacijskih zloćudnih bolesti je multifaktorska te uključuje i oslabljen imunološki odgovor na različite virusne infekcije, neodgovarajuće uklanjanje oštećenih stanica, kao i oslabljenu mogućnost popravka lomova DNK. Među viruse koji se povezuju s pojavom tumora nakon transplantacije bubrega ubrajaju see EBV, HHV-8, virus Merkelovih stanica, virusi hepatitisa B i C, te BK virus. CMV se povezuje s karcinomom debelog crijeva. Dosadašnje se spoznaje uglavnom temelje na pojedinačnim slučajevima opisanima u literaturi. Potrebna su daljnja istraživanja kojima bi se potvrdila povezanost virusnih infekcija s razvojem tumora nakon transplantacije bubrega.

[Uremic polyneuropathy]

PubMed, 2004

Uremic polyneuropathy is probably the most common complication of chronic renal failure. About 70... more Uremic polyneuropathy is probably the most common complication of chronic renal failure. About 70 percent of dialysis patients regularly have uremic polyneuropathy, in 30 percent the neuropathy is moderate or severe. Coexistence of muscle weakness and atrophy, areflexia, sensory loss and graded distribution of neurologic deficit in a patient with renal disease suggests the presence of uremic polyneuropathy. During longterm hemodialysis, the symptoms of polyneuropathy stabilize, but they improve only in relatively few patients. Complete recovery, occurring over a period of 6 to 12 months, usually follows successful renal transplantation.

FP781DIETARY Habits of Hemodialysis Patients - the Role of Nutritional Education

Nephrology Dialysis Transplantation, May 1, 2015

MP452COMPLICATIONS of Therapeutic Plasma Exchange; 33 Years of Single Center Experience

Nephrology Dialysis Transplantation, May 1, 2016

SP363PREVALENCE of Decreased GFR in Croatian Population Aged ≥80 Years − "Oldest Old " Using Cockroft −gault, MDRD and CKD −epi Formula

Nephrology Dialysis Transplantation, May 1, 2015

Complications of Therapeutic Plasma Exchange: Experience With 4857 Treatments

Therapeutic Apheresis and Dialysis, Oct 1, 2005

Plasma exchange (PE) is a technique of extracorporeal blood purification which removes large mole... more Plasma exchange (PE) is a technique of extracorporeal blood purification which removes large molecular weight substances from plasma. The Department of Dialysis, Zagreb University Hospital Center&amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;#39;s database, which includes data on 509 patients, or 4857 PE treatments, was retrospectively analyzed to test the safety of PE. A total of 231 adverse reactions were recorded (4.75% of treatments). The most common complications were paresthesias (2.7%), hematoma at the puncture site (2.4%), clotting (1.7%), mild to moderate allergic reactions (urticaria; 1.6%) and bleeding (0.06%). True anaphylactoid reactions were recorded in five procedures. The incidence of severe, potentially life-threatening adverse reactions was 0.12%. The prophylactic use of calcium and potassium was responsible for a low incidence of electrolyte disturbances. There was no lethal outcome associated with PE. When carried out by experienced staff, PE is a relatively safe procedure. The use of fresh frozen plasma is associated with a higher rate of adverse reactions.

Eritrocitoza nakon transplantacije bubrega

Indikacije za kontinuirano nadomještanje bubrežne funkcije

Acta Medica Croatica, 2003

Neurološke posljedice koštaniš promjena pri multiplom mijelomu i njihovo liječenje

Acta Medica Croatica, 2002

Merkel-cell carcinoma in renal transplant recipient: case report

Acta Medica Croatica, 2005

The Possible Effect of the Dialyzer Membrane on Outcome of Patients with Acute Kidney Injury

Background. Laboratory experiments showed that synthetic membranes tended to cause less activatio... more Background. Laboratory experiments showed that synthetic membranes tended to cause less activation of complement and mononuclear cells, and clinical studies were set up to evaluate whether membrane choice affected outcomes in acute kidney injury (AKI). The aim of this prospective, randomized study was to asses the importance of dialysis membranes with different degrees of biocompatibility and permeability on the survival and recovery of renal function in AKI patients requiring hemodialysis (HD). Methods. A total of 297 AKI patients were included in the study and followed until death or discharge from the hospital and/or HD. Four types of dialysis membranes were used with different characteristics of biocompatibility and permeability: low-flux modified cellulose (LF-MC; cellulose acetate, cellulose diacetate, hemophan), high-flux modified cellulose (HF-MC; cellulose diacetate, cellulose triacetate), low-flux synthetic (LF-S; polysulfone) and high-flux synthetic (HF-S; polysulfone, polyacrylnitrile, polymethyl methacrylate). Severity of illness was determined at initiation of HD treatment using the score on the Acute Physiology, Age, and Chronic Health Evaluation II. Outcome measures included survival, cause of death, recovery of renal function, the number of HD sessions, and the number of days from the first HD treatment to death or the recovery of renal function. Delivered urea dialysis dose (Kt/V) was calculated. Results. In the LF (MC or S) membrane group, causes of AKI were medical (58.4%), surgical (39.4%) or obstetric (2.2%), and all patients treated with HF (MC or S) membranes developed AKI after open heart surgery. There were no significant differences between MC and S subgroups in each LF or HF HD membrane group in the etiology of AKI. There was no difference between the four membrane groups in survival (LF-MC 59.3% vs. LF-S 61%, and HF-MC 55.6% vs. HF-S 53.3%) or in the recovery of renal function (LF-MC 47.8% vs. LFS 48.6%, and HF-MC 90% vs. HF-S 100%). The main cause of death in the AKI patients treated with LF MC or S membranes was multi organ damage syndrome (MODS), followed by sepsis. The most of the patients who developed AKI after open heart surgery and were dialyzed with HF MC or S membranes died because of heart failure, and the second cause of death was MODS. There was no difference in MC and S membrane (LF or HF) treated AKI patients in number of HD sessions, duration of HD treatments, and hospitalization. Conclusion. The use of S (LF or HF) dialysis membranes, as compared with MC (LF or HF) membranes, had not significant influence on the survival and recovery of renal function in patients with AKI requiring HD.

Treatment of hyperphosphatemia in patients with chronic renal failure: Sevelamer hydrochloride

Bolesnici s kronicnim progresivnim bolestima bubrega imaju visoku stopu poboljevanja od srcanožil... more

Bilateral Breast Fibroadenomas in a Renal Transplant Recipient

Differences in CVVH vs. CVVHDF in the management of sepsis-induced acute kidney injury in critically ill patients

Journal of Artificial Organs, Jul 4, 2017

Purpose: We hypothesized that patients with sepsis and AKI, especially patients without preserved... more Purpose: We hypothesized that patients with sepsis and AKI, especially patients without preserved renal function, and treated with continuous veno-venous hemodiafiltration (CVVHDF) have lower risk for mortality than patients treated with continuous veno-venous hemofiltration (CVVH). Materials and Methods: Patients were included if they fulfilled the diagnosis of severe sepsis or septic shock, suffered AKI and received continuous renal replacement therapy (CRRT) in intensive care unit. There were 62 patients treated by CVVH and 75 treated by CVVHDF. Results: Mean survival time was longer in CVVHDF group with oliguric/anuric patients than in CVVH group. CVVH and not classic risk factors was associated with higher overall mortality in oliguric/anuric patients. In the linear regression model hourly urine output was the strongest and positive predictor of longer survival. Conclusions: CVVHDF is according to our results a CRRT modality of choice for the treatment and lower mortality of septic patients with AKI where renal function is no longer preserved. CRRT has been associated with improved renal recovery, but it should be started earlier in AKI evolution with still preserved hourly urine output which is the most sensitive and prognostic marker of survival in septic patients with AKI.

Therapeutic Plasma Exchange-Does Age Matter? A Single-Center Study

Artificial Organs, Jan 27, 2016

Background: Therapeutic plasma exchange (TPE) is used to remove pathologic substances involved in... more Background: Therapeutic plasma exchange (TPE) is used to remove pathologic substances involved in various disease etiologies. The use of TPE is increasing steadily in a variety of disease. This study analyzed the incidence, type and severity of adverse events (AE) according to the initial TPE of each patient in a single center. The risk factors for AE of TPE were also elucidated. Methods: The medical and laboratory records of patients, who received TPE from January 2014 to December 2018, were reviewed retrospectively. The signs or symptoms during and after TPE were analyzed. Results: TPE sessions were performed on 95 patients. The mean age was 53.3 years and men comprised 63.2%. The most common indication for TPE was desensitization for ABO-incompatible liver transplantation (ABO-i LT) (N=56, 58.9%). A total of 27 patients (28.4%) experienced AE during the initial TPE. The types of AE were allergic reactions (N=14, 14.7%), anaphylactic reaction (N=3, 11.1%), hypotension (N=5, 5.3%), hypocalcemic reaction (N=4, 4.2%), and febrile nonhemolytic reaction (N=1, 1.1%). The severities of AE were evaluated as mild in eight procedures (8.4 %), moderate in seventeen (17.9 %), and severe in two (2.1 %). Multivariable logistic regression analysis showed that the desensitization for ABO-i LT (odds ratio (OR), 2.08; 95% CI, 1.03∼4.22) and the amount of FFP (OR, 1.07; 95% CI, 1.01∼1.09) were associated with a higher incidence of AE. Conclusion: TPE can be performed under careful patient monitoring to provide prompt intervention, particularly in patients with desensitization of ABO-i LT using FFP.

Acute Kidney Injury in the Intensive Care Unit

Bosnian Journal of Basic Medical Sciences, Apr 20, 2010

Acute kidney injury (AKI) is a common clinical syndrome with a broad aetiological profi le. It co... more Acute kidney injury (AKI) is a common clinical syndrome with a broad aetiological profi le. It complicates about  of hospital admissions and  of admissions to intensive care units (ICU). During last  years has been a signifi cant change in the spectrum of severe AKI such that it is no longer mostly a single organ phenomenon but rather a complex multisystem clinical problem. Despite great advances in renal replacement technique (RRT), mortality from AKI, when part of MOF, remains over . e changing nature of AKI requires a new approach using the new advanced technology. Clinicians can provide therapies tailored to time constraints (intermittent, continuous, or extended intermittent), haemodynamic, and metabolic requirements and aimed at molecules of variable molecular weight. Peritoneal dialysis (PD) is technically the simplest form of RRT and is still commonly used worldwide. e problems include diffi culty in maintaining dialysate fl ow, peritoneal infection, leakage, protein losses, and restricted ability to clear fl uid and uraemic wastes. PD is the preferred treatment modality for AKI in pediatric practice. Patients that are hemodynamically stable can be managed with intermittent hemodyalisis (IHD), whereby relatively short ( to  h) dialysis sessions may be performed every day or every other day. Patients who are haemodynamically unstable are best managed using continuous renal replacement therapies (CRRT), which allow for continuous fi ne-tuning of intravascular volume, easier correction of hypervolemia, better solute removal, more accurately correction of metabolic acidosis, and off ers possibilities for unlimited energy support. Recently, "hybrid" or sustained low-effi ciency dialysis (SLED) was introduced as a method which combines the advantages of IHD with those of CRRT. In this technique, classic dialysis hardware is used at low blood and dialysate fl ow rates, for prolonged period of time ( to  h/day). SLED off ers more haemodynamic stability, better correstion of hypervolaemia, and more adequate solue removal, compared with IHD. In conclusion, AKI in the ICU is increasingly a component of sepsis and MSOF, and the development of rational strategies for initiation, dosing, and eff ective delivery of RRT in this setting is among the greatest challenges facing nephrologists and intensivists today.

Akutno zatajenje bubrega: patofiziologija, dijagnoza, prevencija i liječenje

Antagonisti angiotenzina II

Pleiotropni učinci eritropoetina

Anderson-Fabrijeva bolest

Acta medica Croatica, Nov 10, 2006

Povezanost Virusnih Bolesti I Tumora Nakon Transplantacije Bubrega

Acta medica Croatica, Mar 1, 2011

Uporaba imunosupresijskih lijekova povezuje se s povećanom učestalosti različitih zloćudnih boles... more Uporaba imunosupresijskih lijekova povezuje se s povećanom učestalosti različitih zloćudnih bolesti. Etiologija posttransplantacijskih zloćudnih bolesti je multifaktorska te uključuje i oslabljen imunološki odgovor na različite virusne infekcije, neodgovarajuće uklanjanje oštećenih stanica, kao i oslabljenu mogućnost popravka lomova DNK. Među viruse koji se povezuju s pojavom tumora nakon transplantacije bubrega ubrajaju see EBV, HHV-8, virus Merkelovih stanica, virusi hepatitisa B i C, te BK virus. CMV se povezuje s karcinomom debelog crijeva. Dosadašnje se spoznaje uglavnom temelje na pojedinačnim slučajevima opisanima u literaturi. Potrebna su daljnja istraživanja kojima bi se potvrdila povezanost virusnih infekcija s razvojem tumora nakon transplantacije bubrega.

[Uremic polyneuropathy]

PubMed, 2004

Uremic polyneuropathy is probably the most common complication of chronic renal failure. About 70... more Uremic polyneuropathy is probably the most common complication of chronic renal failure. About 70 percent of dialysis patients regularly have uremic polyneuropathy, in 30 percent the neuropathy is moderate or severe. Coexistence of muscle weakness and atrophy, areflexia, sensory loss and graded distribution of neurologic deficit in a patient with renal disease suggests the presence of uremic polyneuropathy. During longterm hemodialysis, the symptoms of polyneuropathy stabilize, but they improve only in relatively few patients. Complete recovery, occurring over a period of 6 to 12 months, usually follows successful renal transplantation.

FP781DIETARY Habits of Hemodialysis Patients - the Role of Nutritional Education

Nephrology Dialysis Transplantation, May 1, 2015

MP452COMPLICATIONS of Therapeutic Plasma Exchange; 33 Years of Single Center Experience

Nephrology Dialysis Transplantation, May 1, 2016

SP363PREVALENCE of Decreased GFR in Croatian Population Aged ≥80 Years − "Oldest Old " Using Cockroft −gault, MDRD and CKD −epi Formula

Nephrology Dialysis Transplantation, May 1, 2015

Complications of Therapeutic Plasma Exchange: Experience With 4857 Treatments

Therapeutic Apheresis and Dialysis, Oct 1, 2005

Plasma exchange (PE) is a technique of extracorporeal blood purification which removes large mole... more Plasma exchange (PE) is a technique of extracorporeal blood purification which removes large molecular weight substances from plasma. The Department of Dialysis, Zagreb University Hospital Center&amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;#39;s database, which includes data on 509 patients, or 4857 PE treatments, was retrospectively analyzed to test the safety of PE. A total of 231 adverse reactions were recorded (4.75% of treatments). The most common complications were paresthesias (2.7%), hematoma at the puncture site (2.4%), clotting (1.7%), mild to moderate allergic reactions (urticaria; 1.6%) and bleeding (0.06%). True anaphylactoid reactions were recorded in five procedures. The incidence of severe, potentially life-threatening adverse reactions was 0.12%. The prophylactic use of calcium and potassium was responsible for a low incidence of electrolyte disturbances. There was no lethal outcome associated with PE. When carried out by experienced staff, PE is a relatively safe procedure. The use of fresh frozen plasma is associated with a higher rate of adverse reactions.

Eritrocitoza nakon transplantacije bubrega

Indikacije za kontinuirano nadomještanje bubrežne funkcije

Acta Medica Croatica, 2003

Neurološke posljedice koštaniš promjena pri multiplom mijelomu i njihovo liječenje

Acta Medica Croatica, 2002

Merkel-cell carcinoma in renal transplant recipient: case report

Acta Medica Croatica, 2005

The Possible Effect of the Dialyzer Membrane on Outcome of Patients with Acute Kidney Injury

Background. Laboratory experiments showed that synthetic membranes tended to cause less activatio... more Background. Laboratory experiments showed that synthetic membranes tended to cause less activation of complement and mononuclear cells, and clinical studies were set up to evaluate whether membrane choice affected outcomes in acute kidney injury (AKI). The aim of this prospective, randomized study was to asses the importance of dialysis membranes with different degrees of biocompatibility and permeability on the survival and recovery of renal function in AKI patients requiring hemodialysis (HD). Methods. A total of 297 AKI patients were included in the study and followed until death or discharge from the hospital and/or HD. Four types of dialysis membranes were used with different characteristics of biocompatibility and permeability: low-flux modified cellulose (LF-MC; cellulose acetate, cellulose diacetate, hemophan), high-flux modified cellulose (HF-MC; cellulose diacetate, cellulose triacetate), low-flux synthetic (LF-S; polysulfone) and high-flux synthetic (HF-S; polysulfone, polyacrylnitrile, polymethyl methacrylate). Severity of illness was determined at initiation of HD treatment using the score on the Acute Physiology, Age, and Chronic Health Evaluation II. Outcome measures included survival, cause of death, recovery of renal function, the number of HD sessions, and the number of days from the first HD treatment to death or the recovery of renal function. Delivered urea dialysis dose (Kt/V) was calculated. Results. In the LF (MC or S) membrane group, causes of AKI were medical (58.4%), surgical (39.4%) or obstetric (2.2%), and all patients treated with HF (MC or S) membranes developed AKI after open heart surgery. There were no significant differences between MC and S subgroups in each LF or HF HD membrane group in the etiology of AKI. There was no difference between the four membrane groups in survival (LF-MC 59.3% vs. LF-S 61%, and HF-MC 55.6% vs. HF-S 53.3%) or in the recovery of renal function (LF-MC 47.8% vs. LFS 48.6%, and HF-MC 90% vs. HF-S 100%). The main cause of death in the AKI patients treated with LF MC or S membranes was multi organ damage syndrome (MODS), followed by sepsis. The most of the patients who developed AKI after open heart surgery and were dialyzed with HF MC or S membranes died because of heart failure, and the second cause of death was MODS. There was no difference in MC and S membrane (LF or HF) treated AKI patients in number of HD sessions, duration of HD treatments, and hospitalization. Conclusion. The use of S (LF or HF) dialysis membranes, as compared with MC (LF or HF) membranes, had not significant influence on the survival and recovery of renal function in patients with AKI requiring HD.

Treatment of hyperphosphatemia in patients with chronic renal failure: Sevelamer hydrochloride

Bolesnici s kronicnim progresivnim bolestima bubrega imaju visoku stopu poboljevanja od srcanožil... more

Bilateral Breast Fibroadenomas in a Renal Transplant Recipient

Differences in CVVH vs. CVVHDF in the management of sepsis-induced acute kidney injury in critically ill patients

Journal of Artificial Organs, Jul 4, 2017

Purpose: We hypothesized that patients with sepsis and AKI, especially patients without preserved... more Purpose: We hypothesized that patients with sepsis and AKI, especially patients without preserved renal function, and treated with continuous veno-venous hemodiafiltration (CVVHDF) have lower risk for mortality than patients treated with continuous veno-venous hemofiltration (CVVH). Materials and Methods: Patients were included if they fulfilled the diagnosis of severe sepsis or septic shock, suffered AKI and received continuous renal replacement therapy (CRRT) in intensive care unit. There were 62 patients treated by CVVH and 75 treated by CVVHDF. Results: Mean survival time was longer in CVVHDF group with oliguric/anuric patients than in CVVH group. CVVH and not classic risk factors was associated with higher overall mortality in oliguric/anuric patients. In the linear regression model hourly urine output was the strongest and positive predictor of longer survival. Conclusions: CVVHDF is according to our results a CRRT modality of choice for the treatment and lower mortality of septic patients with AKI where renal function is no longer preserved. CRRT has been associated with improved renal recovery, but it should be started earlier in AKI evolution with still preserved hourly urine output which is the most sensitive and prognostic marker of survival in septic patients with AKI.

Therapeutic Plasma Exchange-Does Age Matter? A Single-Center Study

Artificial Organs, Jan 27, 2016

Background: Therapeutic plasma exchange (TPE) is used to remove pathologic substances involved in... more Background: Therapeutic plasma exchange (TPE) is used to remove pathologic substances involved in various disease etiologies. The use of TPE is increasing steadily in a variety of disease. This study analyzed the incidence, type and severity of adverse events (AE) according to the initial TPE of each patient in a single center. The risk factors for AE of TPE were also elucidated. Methods: The medical and laboratory records of patients, who received TPE from January 2014 to December 2018, were reviewed retrospectively. The signs or symptoms during and after TPE were analyzed. Results: TPE sessions were performed on 95 patients. The mean age was 53.3 years and men comprised 63.2%. The most common indication for TPE was desensitization for ABO-incompatible liver transplantation (ABO-i LT) (N=56, 58.9%). A total of 27 patients (28.4%) experienced AE during the initial TPE. The types of AE were allergic reactions (N=14, 14.7%), anaphylactic reaction (N=3, 11.1%), hypotension (N=5, 5.3%), hypocalcemic reaction (N=4, 4.2%), and febrile nonhemolytic reaction (N=1, 1.1%). The severities of AE were evaluated as mild in eight procedures (8.4 %), moderate in seventeen (17.9 %), and severe in two (2.1 %). Multivariable logistic regression analysis showed that the desensitization for ABO-i LT (odds ratio (OR), 2.08; 95% CI, 1.03∼4.22) and the amount of FFP (OR, 1.07; 95% CI, 1.01∼1.09) were associated with a higher incidence of AE. Conclusion: TPE can be performed under careful patient monitoring to provide prompt intervention, particularly in patients with desensitization of ABO-i LT using FFP.

Acute Kidney Injury in the Intensive Care Unit

Bosnian Journal of Basic Medical Sciences, Apr 20, 2010

Acute kidney injury (AKI) is a common clinical syndrome with a broad aetiological profi le. It co... more Acute kidney injury (AKI) is a common clinical syndrome with a broad aetiological profi le. It complicates about  of hospital admissions and  of admissions to intensive care units (ICU). During last  years has been a signifi cant change in the spectrum of severe AKI such that it is no longer mostly a single organ phenomenon but rather a complex multisystem clinical problem. Despite great advances in renal replacement technique (RRT), mortality from AKI, when part of MOF, remains over . e changing nature of AKI requires a new approach using the new advanced technology. Clinicians can provide therapies tailored to time constraints (intermittent, continuous, or extended intermittent), haemodynamic, and metabolic requirements and aimed at molecules of variable molecular weight. Peritoneal dialysis (PD) is technically the simplest form of RRT and is still commonly used worldwide. e problems include diffi culty in maintaining dialysate fl ow, peritoneal infection, leakage, protein losses, and restricted ability to clear fl uid and uraemic wastes. PD is the preferred treatment modality for AKI in pediatric practice. Patients that are hemodynamically stable can be managed with intermittent hemodyalisis (IHD), whereby relatively short ( to  h) dialysis sessions may be performed every day or every other day. Patients who are haemodynamically unstable are best managed using continuous renal replacement therapies (CRRT), which allow for continuous fi ne-tuning of intravascular volume, easier correction of hypervolemia, better solute removal, more accurately correction of metabolic acidosis, and off ers possibilities for unlimited energy support. Recently, "hybrid" or sustained low-effi ciency dialysis (SLED) was introduced as a method which combines the advantages of IHD with those of CRRT. In this technique, classic dialysis hardware is used at low blood and dialysate fl ow rates, for prolonged period of time ( to  h/day). SLED off ers more haemodynamic stability, better correstion of hypervolaemia, and more adequate solue removal, compared with IHD. In conclusion, AKI in the ICU is increasingly a component of sepsis and MSOF, and the development of rational strategies for initiation, dosing, and eff ective delivery of RRT in this setting is among the greatest challenges facing nephrologists and intensivists today.

Akutno zatajenje bubrega: patofiziologija, dijagnoza, prevencija i liječenje

Antagonisti angiotenzina II

Pleiotropni učinci eritropoetina

Anderson-Fabrijeva bolest

Acta medica Croatica, Nov 10, 2006