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Patrycja Haupt

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Papers by Patrycja Haupt

W krainie żywiołów. Elementy natury w przestrzeniach rekreacyjnych miast Finlandii

Czasopismo Techniczne, 2017

Since the beginning of the twentieth century, Finland has been a ground for experiments in the fi... more Since the beginning of the twentieth century, Finland has been a ground for experiments in the field of the housing environment. A low population density, as well as the unique natural and landscape values of the country have led to a clear trend of respect for nature in its architectural tradition. The paper, based on the theory of the Modern Movement-represented by, among others, Alvar Aalto, as well as on the tenets of Finnish the garden city of Tapiola-provides a characteristic of the role of natural elements in the composition of urban recreational spaces. The paper also discusses the structure of modern building complexes on the basis of the latest residential districts of Helsinki-as well as other cities of southern Finland, focusing on the compositional and functional role played by elements of nature within recreational spaces of a place of residence.

Interior: A Meeting Place for Cultures and Generations

Środowisko Mieszkaniowe

The contemporary housing environment in Europe is changing dynamically, influenced by factors rel... more The contemporary housing environment in Europe is changing dynamically, influenced by factors related to the struggle against climate change and adverse demographic phenomena. The pace of change has also increased in response to the challenges posed by the pandemic, conflicts and the energy crisis. These reasons have started a process of change in the approach to the design of residential areas, directing the attention of designers towards meeting the needs linked to creating housing architecture that implements the postulates of connection to nature, inclusivity in response to cultural diversity, and sustainable design by extending the residential space to include rooms or facilities with a different use. The aim of the research presented in this paper was to diagnose the factors that influence the creation of an interior space that is conducive to intergenerational and intercultural integration. The study was carried out under the FRSE, Iceland, Liechtenstein, Norway grants progra...

Teaching architectural design through competition, motivation and challenge

Urban Spaces in Residential Areas as an Environment for Continuous Prevention and Rehabilitation – Design and Benefits

International Journal of Engineering and Advanced Technology, 2019

Facing the demographic changes is our common responsibility as researchers of all scientific disc... more Facing the demographic changes is our common responsibility as researchers of all scientific disciplines. The forecasts based on statistical data show that in many countries in the nearest future the highest growth in population will be in the segment of 65-year-olds and older people. With age, mobility, intellectual ability and spatial orientation are reduced. Creating a proper living environment and public spaces to conduct prevention and rehabilitation training would have a positive impact on shaping and maintaining the quality of life of residents. The purpose of this multidisciplinary research was to create a model training for people with motor dysfunctions together with an optimal design of environment to conduct it on daily basis. Currently, a great emphasis in the design of urban areas is placed on the physical and social activity of children and youth (playgrounds, skate parks, sports equipment), as well as people with a high degree of physical fitness (sports fields and e...

Hilversum – green interior of the media

Experiments with Daylight. Lighting Effects in Architectural Composition

The definition of architecture often repeated after Le Corbusier states that “Architecture is the... more The definition of architecture often repeated after Le Corbusier states that “Architecture is the learned game, correct and magnificent, of forms assembled in light”. To fully understand it we should quote his other statement: “Light creates ambience and feel of a place, as well as the expression of a structure”. Juhani Palasmaa, who points our attention to the multisensory reception of architecture, presents the nature of the idea of light in a similar manner. Peter Zumthor, on the other hand, continuing the idea of synaesthesia in the perception of works of architecture the light, the changes of its intensity and colour regards it as an element of recording an architectural form in the memory of the viewer. Tadao Ando wrote that such elements like light or wind make sense only when we set them apart from the external world using architecture. Based on these views and the observation of the anthropogenic space, we can acknowledge the compositional role of light as equally fundament...

Integrated urban landscape: nature as an element of transition space composition

The paper explains the genesis, methods and consequences of introducing elements of nature into c... more The paper explains the genesis, methods and consequences of introducing elements of nature into contemporary cityscape. It shows their significance in creating a new image of the city. The discussion is conducted on the basis of joined urban theories such as: softening the city edge, fluency of space, narrative paths, multilayer structure of urban space. Contemporary forms of relationships between the building and its surroundings are presented in order to prove the tendencies in shaping the connection zone between the building and the city simultaneously, influenced by both of those reactants. This zone, observed as transition space between the building and its surroundings, is constantly changing and growing, generating a variety of urban spaces adjoining, interlacing, penetrating the building structure. It also creates an area of introducing nature as compositional and functional element. The paper discusses the examples of the new types of relationships between architecture and ...

Oslo Revitalization Areas as an Example of Striving for Good Quality of Urban Environment

IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering, 2019

Sustainable Architecture Through the Interior Perception Widziane Od Wnętrza – Nowe Spojrzenie

The urge for the sustainable character of buildings, resulting from the search for a contemporary... more The urge for the sustainable character of buildings, resulting from the search for a contemporary relation between architecture and nature as well as attention to natural resources, has influenced the image of today’s human living environment. More and more frequently, such natural elements as water or greenery are applied in the composition of structures or architectural and urban enclosures. The application of these elements usually results from their technical and functional values – the ability to accumulate energy, to support the preservation of native ecosystems, to purify water, to create the microclimate of an enclosure, to convert carbon dioxide etc. Owing to some rediscovered building materials, however, their appearance produces a brand new image of architecture bound with the surroundings. The architecture-nature relationship does not only proceed at the meeting point of a building and its surroundings anymore. Structures form a landscape with respect for the topography ...

The New Approach to Sustainability in the Design of Urban and Architectural Interiors – Elements of Composition Revised

World Academy of Science, Engineering and Technology, International Journal of Social, Behavioral, Educational, Economic, Business and Industrial Engineering, 2012

Today we tend to go back to the past to our root relation to nature. Therefore in search of frien... more Today we tend to go back to the past to our root relation to nature. Therefore in search of friendly spaces there are elements of natural environment introduced as elements of spatial composition. Though reinvented through the use of the new substance such as greenery, water etc. made possible by state of the art technologies, still, in principal, they remain the same. As a result, sustainable design, based upon the recognized means of composition in addition to the relation of architecture and urbanism vs. nature introduces a new aesthetical values into architectural and urban space. Keywords—architectural composition, biodiversity, elements of composition, green architecture, sustainable design, urban composition, water management.

Sustainable architecture through the interior perception

kompozycja architektoniczna, kompozycja urbanistyczna, elementy kompozycji, architektura zielona,... more

Wspólny grunt: architektura – natura – człowiek Common Ground: architecture – nature – people

The 13th Venice Architecture Biennale (2012) showed a new way of perceiving architecture as a com... more The 13th Venice Architecture Biennale (2012) showed a new way of perceiving architecture as a component of public space – common ground. This kind of approach may be revealed in the mutual relation between three elements: architecture, nature and people. Sustainable design nowadays provides harmonious co-creation and use of space. The consequences of developing this idea are noticeable even today in architectural and urban composition in the cities’ public space. Elements of nature create not only the substance of shaping spaces, but they also present an opportunity to build a local community that aims at taking care of the environment.

In the land of the elements. Nature in the recreational spaces of the cities of finland

Technical Transactions, 2017

Since the beginning of the twentieth century, Finland has been a ground for experiments in the fi... more Since the beginning of the twentieth century, Finland has been a ground for experiments in the field of the housing environment. A low population density, as well as the unique natural and landscape values of the country have led to a clear trend of respect for nature in its architectural tradition. The paper, based on the theory of the Modern Movement – represented by, among others, Alvar Aalto, as well as on the tenets of Finnish the garden city of Tapiola – provides a characteristic of the role of natural elements in the composition of urban recreational spaces. The paper also discusses the structure of modern building complexes on the basis of the latest residential districts of Helsinki – as well as other cities of southern Finland, focusing on the compositional and functional role played by elements of nature within recreational spaces of a place of residence.

Diagnoza funkcjonalno-przestrzenna osiedli: Olsza II i Ugorek. Cz. I. Opracowanie eksperckie

Energy-Water-Food Synergy Possibilities in Housing Environment

IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering, Feb 24, 2019

Inicjatywy mieszkańców realizowane dzięki współpracy pomiędzy samorządem, uczelnią a środowiskiem gospodarczym – doświadczenia i szanse

Przestrzeń. Urbanistyka. Architektura

Inicjatywy mieszkańców realizowane dzięki współpracy pomiędzy samorządem, uczelnią a środowiskiem... more Inicjatywy mieszkańców realizowane dzięki współpracy pomiędzy samorządem, uczelnią a środowiskiem gospodarczym-doświadczenia i szanse Initiatives of inhabitants implemented by cooperation between authorities, university and business environment-experiences and opportunities Streszczenie W artykule podjęto tematykę drobnych inicjatyw podejmowanych przez mieszkańców osiedli mieszkaniowych, służących poprawie jakości środowiska ich życia. Omówione zostały formy inicjatyw, inicjacji oraz finansowania, a także metody realizacji przy współpracy z uczelniami wyższymi, organizacjami, jednostkami komercyjnymi i samorządowymi. Analizie poddano efekty tych działań zarówno przestrzenne, jak i społeczne. Na podstawie doświadczeń w realizacji projektu "Budka na książki", prowadzonego przez Katedrę Kształtowania Środowiska Mieszkaniowego Instytutu Projektowania Urbanistycznego Wydziału Architektury Politechniki Krakowskiej we współpracy z samorządem-Wydziałem Rewitalizacji Urzędu Miasta Krakowa, omówiono możliwości i zagrożenia w realizacji takich przedsięwzięć.

Teaching architectural design through competition, motivation and challenge

Backyard Sensorimotor Path. A New Form of Rehabilitation

Ergonomics For People With Disabilities

The article describes an innovative solution designed within the framework of the "Lesser Poland ... more The article describes an innovative solution designed within the framework of the "Lesser Poland Incubator of Social Innovation" project supervised by the Regional Centre for Social Policy in Krakow. The first stage of the project was completed in September and presented the methodology of the design, testing and possibilities of implementation of the solution that had been developed. It is an attempt to create a suitable housing environment that offers the opportunity to exercise in the immediate vicinity of one's home, outside but in a safe environment of recreational areas. Creating moto-sensory pathsfriendly places of prevention and rehabilitationwithin urban housing complexes, would positively affect the image of space, as well as the maintenance of the efficiency and quality of life of the inhabitants. This article describes the preliminary research phase required to create guidelines for designing such solutions. The backyard moto-sensory path is currently being tested.

Dom w mieście – w poszukiwaniu tożsamości współczesnych zespołów mieszkaniowych

Środowisko Mieszkaniowe

Streszczenie Jaka jest przestrzeń dzisiejszych jednorodzinnych zespołów mieszkaniowych na terenie... more Streszczenie Jaka jest przestrzeń dzisiejszych jednorodzinnych zespołów mieszkaniowych na terenie miast? Jaki jest współczesny dom w mieście? Na podstawie analizy porównawczej realizacji zabudowy mieszkaniowej pierwszych dekad XXI wieku w Polsce i na Węgrzech wyróżniono cechy, które mogą budować tożsamość przestrzeni miejskiej. Jako tło badań posłużyły rozważania nad charakterem współczesnych terenów miast, strefy śródmiejskiej i peryferyjnej w zestawieniu od obszarów o ruralistycznym rodowodzie. Kierunki poszukiwań ukazano także na podstawie projektów studenckich realizowanych w ramach przedmiotu projektowanie architektoniczno-urbanistyczne jednorodzinnych zespołów mieszkaniowych, jak również zabudow y jednorodzinnej. Wyniki badań wskazują, iż jest możliwe przeciwstawienie się unifikacji przestrzeni związanej z nadmiernym rozrostem stref peryferyjnych oraz globalizacji wynikającej ze swobody przepływu informacji i poszukiwaniu wartości architektury w lokalnym dziedzictwie.

Eksperymenty ze światłem dziennym. Efekty świetlne w kompozycji architektonicznej

Środowisko Mieszkaniowe

Wielokrotnie powtarzana za Le Corbusierem definicja architektury brzmi "Architektura to przemyśla... more Wielokrotnie powtarzana za Le Corbusierem definicja architektury brzmi "Architektura to przemyślana, bezbłędna, wspaniała gra brył w świetle". Dla pełnego zrozumienia jej warto przytoczyć inne jego słowa: "Światło stwarza atmosferę, światło pozwala nam czuć przestrzeń, światło jest wyrazem struktury". Podobnie przedstawia naturę idei światła Juhani Palasmaa, który kieruje uwagę na wielozmysłowy odbiór architektury. Z kolei Peter Zumthor kontynuując ideę synestezji w postrzeganiu dzieł architektonicznych -światło, zmienność jego natężenia i barwy uznaje, jako element zapisu formy architektonicznej w pamięci odbiorcy. Tadao Ando pisze, że takie elementy jak światło czy wiatr mają sens tylko, jeśli za pomocą architektury wydzielimy je ze świata zewnętrznego. Na podstawie tych poglądów oraz obserwacji antropogenicznej przestrzeni można uznać kompozycyjną rolę światła za równie podstawową, co tę funkcjonalną podkreślaną m.in. przez twórców szkoły Bauhausu dążących do efektu obfitego, naturalnego światła w pomieszczeniach. Santiago Calatrava zapytany o jego rolę odpowiada: "Światło -wykorzystuję je w moich budynkach dla komfortu". Obserwując jednak efekty światłocienia ażurowych sklepień kompleksu w Walencji, czy też lizbońskiej stacji Oriente trudno nie dostrzec w nich podstawowego zamiaru kompozycyjnego. W artykule, na tle teoretycznych rozważań twórców architektury ubiegłego i obecnego stulecia przedstawiono współczesne realizacje, w których przewodnim motywem kompozycyjnym były efekty wykorzystujące światło dzienne -przenikanie, rozpraszanie, odbicia, światłocień dla zbudowania niecodziennego nastroju bryły i jej wnętrza.

W krainie żywiołów. Elementy natury w przestrzeniach rekreacyjnych miast Finlandii

Czasopismo Techniczne, 2017

Since the beginning of the twentieth century, Finland has been a ground for experiments in the fi... more Since the beginning of the twentieth century, Finland has been a ground for experiments in the field of the housing environment. A low population density, as well as the unique natural and landscape values of the country have led to a clear trend of respect for nature in its architectural tradition. The paper, based on the theory of the Modern Movement-represented by, among others, Alvar Aalto, as well as on the tenets of Finnish the garden city of Tapiola-provides a characteristic of the role of natural elements in the composition of urban recreational spaces. The paper also discusses the structure of modern building complexes on the basis of the latest residential districts of Helsinki-as well as other cities of southern Finland, focusing on the compositional and functional role played by elements of nature within recreational spaces of a place of residence.

Interior: A Meeting Place for Cultures and Generations

Środowisko Mieszkaniowe

The contemporary housing environment in Europe is changing dynamically, influenced by factors rel... more The contemporary housing environment in Europe is changing dynamically, influenced by factors related to the struggle against climate change and adverse demographic phenomena. The pace of change has also increased in response to the challenges posed by the pandemic, conflicts and the energy crisis. These reasons have started a process of change in the approach to the design of residential areas, directing the attention of designers towards meeting the needs linked to creating housing architecture that implements the postulates of connection to nature, inclusivity in response to cultural diversity, and sustainable design by extending the residential space to include rooms or facilities with a different use. The aim of the research presented in this paper was to diagnose the factors that influence the creation of an interior space that is conducive to intergenerational and intercultural integration. The study was carried out under the FRSE, Iceland, Liechtenstein, Norway grants progra...

Teaching architectural design through competition, motivation and challenge

Urban Spaces in Residential Areas as an Environment for Continuous Prevention and Rehabilitation – Design and Benefits

International Journal of Engineering and Advanced Technology, 2019

Facing the demographic changes is our common responsibility as researchers of all scientific disc... more Facing the demographic changes is our common responsibility as researchers of all scientific disciplines. The forecasts based on statistical data show that in many countries in the nearest future the highest growth in population will be in the segment of 65-year-olds and older people. With age, mobility, intellectual ability and spatial orientation are reduced. Creating a proper living environment and public spaces to conduct prevention and rehabilitation training would have a positive impact on shaping and maintaining the quality of life of residents. The purpose of this multidisciplinary research was to create a model training for people with motor dysfunctions together with an optimal design of environment to conduct it on daily basis. Currently, a great emphasis in the design of urban areas is placed on the physical and social activity of children and youth (playgrounds, skate parks, sports equipment), as well as people with a high degree of physical fitness (sports fields and e...

Hilversum – green interior of the media

Experiments with Daylight. Lighting Effects in Architectural Composition

The definition of architecture often repeated after Le Corbusier states that “Architecture is the... more The definition of architecture often repeated after Le Corbusier states that “Architecture is the learned game, correct and magnificent, of forms assembled in light”. To fully understand it we should quote his other statement: “Light creates ambience and feel of a place, as well as the expression of a structure”. Juhani Palasmaa, who points our attention to the multisensory reception of architecture, presents the nature of the idea of light in a similar manner. Peter Zumthor, on the other hand, continuing the idea of synaesthesia in the perception of works of architecture the light, the changes of its intensity and colour regards it as an element of recording an architectural form in the memory of the viewer. Tadao Ando wrote that such elements like light or wind make sense only when we set them apart from the external world using architecture. Based on these views and the observation of the anthropogenic space, we can acknowledge the compositional role of light as equally fundament...

Integrated urban landscape: nature as an element of transition space composition

The paper explains the genesis, methods and consequences of introducing elements of nature into c... more The paper explains the genesis, methods and consequences of introducing elements of nature into contemporary cityscape. It shows their significance in creating a new image of the city. The discussion is conducted on the basis of joined urban theories such as: softening the city edge, fluency of space, narrative paths, multilayer structure of urban space. Contemporary forms of relationships between the building and its surroundings are presented in order to prove the tendencies in shaping the connection zone between the building and the city simultaneously, influenced by both of those reactants. This zone, observed as transition space between the building and its surroundings, is constantly changing and growing, generating a variety of urban spaces adjoining, interlacing, penetrating the building structure. It also creates an area of introducing nature as compositional and functional element. The paper discusses the examples of the new types of relationships between architecture and ...

Oslo Revitalization Areas as an Example of Striving for Good Quality of Urban Environment

IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering, 2019

Sustainable Architecture Through the Interior Perception Widziane Od Wnętrza – Nowe Spojrzenie

The urge for the sustainable character of buildings, resulting from the search for a contemporary... more The urge for the sustainable character of buildings, resulting from the search for a contemporary relation between architecture and nature as well as attention to natural resources, has influenced the image of today’s human living environment. More and more frequently, such natural elements as water or greenery are applied in the composition of structures or architectural and urban enclosures. The application of these elements usually results from their technical and functional values – the ability to accumulate energy, to support the preservation of native ecosystems, to purify water, to create the microclimate of an enclosure, to convert carbon dioxide etc. Owing to some rediscovered building materials, however, their appearance produces a brand new image of architecture bound with the surroundings. The architecture-nature relationship does not only proceed at the meeting point of a building and its surroundings anymore. Structures form a landscape with respect for the topography ...

The New Approach to Sustainability in the Design of Urban and Architectural Interiors – Elements of Composition Revised

World Academy of Science, Engineering and Technology, International Journal of Social, Behavioral, Educational, Economic, Business and Industrial Engineering, 2012

Today we tend to go back to the past to our root relation to nature. Therefore in search of frien... more Today we tend to go back to the past to our root relation to nature. Therefore in search of friendly spaces there are elements of natural environment introduced as elements of spatial composition. Though reinvented through the use of the new substance such as greenery, water etc. made possible by state of the art technologies, still, in principal, they remain the same. As a result, sustainable design, based upon the recognized means of composition in addition to the relation of architecture and urbanism vs. nature introduces a new aesthetical values into architectural and urban space. Keywords—architectural composition, biodiversity, elements of composition, green architecture, sustainable design, urban composition, water management.

Sustainable architecture through the interior perception

kompozycja architektoniczna, kompozycja urbanistyczna, elementy kompozycji, architektura zielona,... more

Wspólny grunt: architektura – natura – człowiek Common Ground: architecture – nature – people

The 13th Venice Architecture Biennale (2012) showed a new way of perceiving architecture as a com... more The 13th Venice Architecture Biennale (2012) showed a new way of perceiving architecture as a component of public space – common ground. This kind of approach may be revealed in the mutual relation between three elements: architecture, nature and people. Sustainable design nowadays provides harmonious co-creation and use of space. The consequences of developing this idea are noticeable even today in architectural and urban composition in the cities’ public space. Elements of nature create not only the substance of shaping spaces, but they also present an opportunity to build a local community that aims at taking care of the environment.

In the land of the elements. Nature in the recreational spaces of the cities of finland

Technical Transactions, 2017

Since the beginning of the twentieth century, Finland has been a ground for experiments in the fi... more Since the beginning of the twentieth century, Finland has been a ground for experiments in the field of the housing environment. A low population density, as well as the unique natural and landscape values of the country have led to a clear trend of respect for nature in its architectural tradition. The paper, based on the theory of the Modern Movement – represented by, among others, Alvar Aalto, as well as on the tenets of Finnish the garden city of Tapiola – provides a characteristic of the role of natural elements in the composition of urban recreational spaces. The paper also discusses the structure of modern building complexes on the basis of the latest residential districts of Helsinki – as well as other cities of southern Finland, focusing on the compositional and functional role played by elements of nature within recreational spaces of a place of residence.

Diagnoza funkcjonalno-przestrzenna osiedli: Olsza II i Ugorek. Cz. I. Opracowanie eksperckie

Energy-Water-Food Synergy Possibilities in Housing Environment

IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering, Feb 24, 2019

Inicjatywy mieszkańców realizowane dzięki współpracy pomiędzy samorządem, uczelnią a środowiskiem gospodarczym – doświadczenia i szanse

Przestrzeń. Urbanistyka. Architektura

Inicjatywy mieszkańców realizowane dzięki współpracy pomiędzy samorządem, uczelnią a środowiskiem... more Inicjatywy mieszkańców realizowane dzięki współpracy pomiędzy samorządem, uczelnią a środowiskiem gospodarczym-doświadczenia i szanse Initiatives of inhabitants implemented by cooperation between authorities, university and business environment-experiences and opportunities Streszczenie W artykule podjęto tematykę drobnych inicjatyw podejmowanych przez mieszkańców osiedli mieszkaniowych, służących poprawie jakości środowiska ich życia. Omówione zostały formy inicjatyw, inicjacji oraz finansowania, a także metody realizacji przy współpracy z uczelniami wyższymi, organizacjami, jednostkami komercyjnymi i samorządowymi. Analizie poddano efekty tych działań zarówno przestrzenne, jak i społeczne. Na podstawie doświadczeń w realizacji projektu "Budka na książki", prowadzonego przez Katedrę Kształtowania Środowiska Mieszkaniowego Instytutu Projektowania Urbanistycznego Wydziału Architektury Politechniki Krakowskiej we współpracy z samorządem-Wydziałem Rewitalizacji Urzędu Miasta Krakowa, omówiono możliwości i zagrożenia w realizacji takich przedsięwzięć.

Teaching architectural design through competition, motivation and challenge

Backyard Sensorimotor Path. A New Form of Rehabilitation

Ergonomics For People With Disabilities

The article describes an innovative solution designed within the framework of the "Lesser Poland ... more The article describes an innovative solution designed within the framework of the "Lesser Poland Incubator of Social Innovation" project supervised by the Regional Centre for Social Policy in Krakow. The first stage of the project was completed in September and presented the methodology of the design, testing and possibilities of implementation of the solution that had been developed. It is an attempt to create a suitable housing environment that offers the opportunity to exercise in the immediate vicinity of one's home, outside but in a safe environment of recreational areas. Creating moto-sensory pathsfriendly places of prevention and rehabilitationwithin urban housing complexes, would positively affect the image of space, as well as the maintenance of the efficiency and quality of life of the inhabitants. This article describes the preliminary research phase required to create guidelines for designing such solutions. The backyard moto-sensory path is currently being tested.

Dom w mieście – w poszukiwaniu tożsamości współczesnych zespołów mieszkaniowych

Środowisko Mieszkaniowe

Streszczenie Jaka jest przestrzeń dzisiejszych jednorodzinnych zespołów mieszkaniowych na terenie... more Streszczenie Jaka jest przestrzeń dzisiejszych jednorodzinnych zespołów mieszkaniowych na terenie miast? Jaki jest współczesny dom w mieście? Na podstawie analizy porównawczej realizacji zabudowy mieszkaniowej pierwszych dekad XXI wieku w Polsce i na Węgrzech wyróżniono cechy, które mogą budować tożsamość przestrzeni miejskiej. Jako tło badań posłużyły rozważania nad charakterem współczesnych terenów miast, strefy śródmiejskiej i peryferyjnej w zestawieniu od obszarów o ruralistycznym rodowodzie. Kierunki poszukiwań ukazano także na podstawie projektów studenckich realizowanych w ramach przedmiotu projektowanie architektoniczno-urbanistyczne jednorodzinnych zespołów mieszkaniowych, jak również zabudow y jednorodzinnej. Wyniki badań wskazują, iż jest możliwe przeciwstawienie się unifikacji przestrzeni związanej z nadmiernym rozrostem stref peryferyjnych oraz globalizacji wynikającej ze swobody przepływu informacji i poszukiwaniu wartości architektury w lokalnym dziedzictwie.

Eksperymenty ze światłem dziennym. Efekty świetlne w kompozycji architektonicznej

Środowisko Mieszkaniowe

Wielokrotnie powtarzana za Le Corbusierem definicja architektury brzmi "Architektura to przemyśla... more Wielokrotnie powtarzana za Le Corbusierem definicja architektury brzmi "Architektura to przemyślana, bezbłędna, wspaniała gra brył w świetle". Dla pełnego zrozumienia jej warto przytoczyć inne jego słowa: "Światło stwarza atmosferę, światło pozwala nam czuć przestrzeń, światło jest wyrazem struktury". Podobnie przedstawia naturę idei światła Juhani Palasmaa, który kieruje uwagę na wielozmysłowy odbiór architektury. Z kolei Peter Zumthor kontynuując ideę synestezji w postrzeganiu dzieł architektonicznych -światło, zmienność jego natężenia i barwy uznaje, jako element zapisu formy architektonicznej w pamięci odbiorcy. Tadao Ando pisze, że takie elementy jak światło czy wiatr mają sens tylko, jeśli za pomocą architektury wydzielimy je ze świata zewnętrznego. Na podstawie tych poglądów oraz obserwacji antropogenicznej przestrzeni można uznać kompozycyjną rolę światła za równie podstawową, co tę funkcjonalną podkreślaną m.in. przez twórców szkoły Bauhausu dążących do efektu obfitego, naturalnego światła w pomieszczeniach. Santiago Calatrava zapytany o jego rolę odpowiada: "Światło -wykorzystuję je w moich budynkach dla komfortu". Obserwując jednak efekty światłocienia ażurowych sklepień kompleksu w Walencji, czy też lizbońskiej stacji Oriente trudno nie dostrzec w nich podstawowego zamiaru kompozycyjnego. W artykule, na tle teoretycznych rozważań twórców architektury ubiegłego i obecnego stulecia przedstawiono współczesne realizacje, w których przewodnim motywem kompozycyjnym były efekty wykorzystujące światło dzienne -przenikanie, rozpraszanie, odbicia, światłocień dla zbudowania niecodziennego nastroju bryły i jej wnętrza.