In the design and development of measurement systems, such as magnetometric security systems or s... more In the design and development of measurement systems, such as magnetometric security systems or sophisticated devices such as satellites, it is necessary to consider the magnetic properties of all its parts and components, especially if it contains any magnetometric subsystem. The magnetic parameters of the materials are generally well described by the manufacturers in relation to their unprocessed raw state. However, their magnetic properties change as the subsequent machining or heat treatment is performed. These behavioral reactions of the material may lead to changes in its hysteresis during the magnetization cycles. This effect is necessary to consider, especially in the case of metallic ribbons, the magnetic characteristics of which are usually estimated by measurements performed on toroidal cores. Since the magnetic properties of a toroidal core differ from the magnetic properties of the preferably used open-ended samples, the corresponding measurement method needs to be used...
Nowadays, various surveillance and security systems are used to detect undesirable violation of t... more Nowadays, various surveillance and security systems are used to detect undesirable violation of the monitored area. The physical principles of information’s gathering, methodology of their processing and subsequent evaluation are the main differences in the operational methods of surveillance and security systems, which allow a wide range of their use in applications with a large variability of potential intruders. Assuming that the surveillance and security systems are used in specific applications where the position and the total number of used individual sensing elements within the monitoring area can change over time, it is necessary, mainly due to the practical and economic reasons, to reduce their dependence on the external galvanic power connections to increase the mobility of system. The technical implementation of a power supply that is independent on the external galvanic connection can be generally in the case of complex surveillance and safety systems considered as an issue with a specific approach of solution, because their individual functional modules may require mutually different power requirements to achieve the proper system operation. In consequence, this article is devoted to the conceptual design of a power supply for a mobile monitoring system, intended to prevent human entry into a defined area to restrain the spread of viral diseases in the groups of the population. In this case, the energy independence of the system is ensured by a suitable configuration of accumulator cells designed to meet the power requirements of the monitoring unit. An additional source of energy is a photovoltaic panel, which, depending on a solar activity, recharges the accumulator cells, and therefore prolong the energy autonomy of the monitoring system. The power supply is also supplemented by a protection circuit extending the accumulators lifetime and power-tracking circuit that increases the efficiency of the photovoltaic panel. The relevant parameters of all considered components of the proposed power supply are summarized in this article, including the analysis of solar irradiance captured by the intended photovoltaic panel during the specific month of the year in a given geographic location.
The conventional method for measuring the composite materials mechanical stress is in many cases ... more The conventional method for measuring the composite materials mechanical stress is in many cases inadequate. Usual methods are limited on surface monitoring or cannot be provided at field conditions. A suitable alternative is to use a contactless measurement method using magnetic microwires. This is a relatively new method that is still the subject of experimental research. An experimental device for non-contact mechanical stress measurement is located in the the Laboratory of Magnetometry at the Department of Aviation Technical Studies at the Faculty of Aeronautics. The disadvantage of this device is its dependence on the power supply powered by the electrical network. The primary goal was to design and build an accumulator-powered power supply that allows the use of the laboratory equipment in the field. The design required to use DC / DC converters to ensure the conversion of the accumulator voltage to a voltage suitable for powering the laboratory equipment with good efficiency....
The article explains the possibility of tensile stress measurement in composite materials by the ... more The article explains the possibility of tensile stress measurement in composite materials by the use of magnetic microwires. The amount of composite materials in modern airplane constructions is still increasing. It can reach the range from 50% to 100% depending on the type of the airplane. In comparison with metal materials, the composite materials have different behaviour in creation and propagation of dislocations. An embedded microsensor for internal tensile stress measurement can be created during the composite material fabrication by inserting the microwire inside the composite material. The sensor can be placed into the critical part of the construction between material layers, therefore it is possible to sense the stress of each layer. The present state of the art and planned practical goals are described in the paper.
This article analyses the history and current state in the area of outdoor protection. In the fir... more This article analyses the history and current state in the area of outdoor protection. In the first part of the article, the sensory systems, which have been used for many years are described. Attention is paid to the sensors using conventional principles of the detection of the objects. New modern sensory systems together with their principles used for the protection of the outdoor environment are also described. Other problem is that older sensory systems of spatial protection were focused on the security of properties and buildings without expecting any change position in the time. The article analyzes also new possibilities of protecting of the outdoor perimeter even in the situations when the borders of the areas of interest are only temporary or mobile. And as UAV systems have been used massively and often involve modern multisensory systems, the last part of the article describes current sensors, which have been currently used to detect the UAV systems and to to protect the a...
The development of non-destructive methods for material testing and diagnostics has been, in the ... more The development of non-destructive methods for material testing and diagnostics has been, in the last few decades, focused mainly on optical, infrared, thermography, ultrasonic, acoustic or X-ray principles. This article deals with the possibility of adaptation of magnetic sensors for the diagnostics of aircraft structures. The developed sensors are based on the enhanced induction method, allowing contactless diagnostics of the material structure. In the role of the sensing element, amorphous magnetic microwires were used. Thanks to their dimensions, microwires can either be placed on the material surface or be embedded directly into the composite material without structural violations. In the article, the measurement principles of the developed microwire-based tensile stress sensors, together with the experimental measurements with the sensors originally tested in the aircraft wing, are presented.
In the design and development of measurement systems, such as magnetometric security systems or s... more In the design and development of measurement systems, such as magnetometric security systems or sophisticated devices such as satellites, it is necessary to consider the magnetic properties of all its parts and components, especially if it contains any magnetometric subsystem. The magnetic parameters of the materials are generally well described by the manufacturers in relation to their unprocessed raw state. However, their magnetic properties change as the subsequent machining or heat treatment is performed. These behavioral reactions of the material may lead to changes in its hysteresis during the magnetization cycles. This effect is necessary to consider, especially in the case of metallic ribbons, the magnetic characteristics of which are usually estimated by measurements performed on toroidal cores. Since the magnetic properties of a toroidal core differ from the magnetic properties of the preferably used open-ended samples, the corresponding measurement method needs to be used...
Nowadays, various surveillance and security systems are used to detect undesirable violation of t... more Nowadays, various surveillance and security systems are used to detect undesirable violation of the monitored area. The physical principles of information’s gathering, methodology of their processing and subsequent evaluation are the main differences in the operational methods of surveillance and security systems, which allow a wide range of their use in applications with a large variability of potential intruders. Assuming that the surveillance and security systems are used in specific applications where the position and the total number of used individual sensing elements within the monitoring area can change over time, it is necessary, mainly due to the practical and economic reasons, to reduce their dependence on the external galvanic power connections to increase the mobility of system. The technical implementation of a power supply that is independent on the external galvanic connection can be generally in the case of complex surveillance and safety systems considered as an issue with a specific approach of solution, because their individual functional modules may require mutually different power requirements to achieve the proper system operation. In consequence, this article is devoted to the conceptual design of a power supply for a mobile monitoring system, intended to prevent human entry into a defined area to restrain the spread of viral diseases in the groups of the population. In this case, the energy independence of the system is ensured by a suitable configuration of accumulator cells designed to meet the power requirements of the monitoring unit. An additional source of energy is a photovoltaic panel, which, depending on a solar activity, recharges the accumulator cells, and therefore prolong the energy autonomy of the monitoring system. The power supply is also supplemented by a protection circuit extending the accumulators lifetime and power-tracking circuit that increases the efficiency of the photovoltaic panel. The relevant parameters of all considered components of the proposed power supply are summarized in this article, including the analysis of solar irradiance captured by the intended photovoltaic panel during the specific month of the year in a given geographic location.
The conventional method for measuring the composite materials mechanical stress is in many cases ... more The conventional method for measuring the composite materials mechanical stress is in many cases inadequate. Usual methods are limited on surface monitoring or cannot be provided at field conditions. A suitable alternative is to use a contactless measurement method using magnetic microwires. This is a relatively new method that is still the subject of experimental research. An experimental device for non-contact mechanical stress measurement is located in the the Laboratory of Magnetometry at the Department of Aviation Technical Studies at the Faculty of Aeronautics. The disadvantage of this device is its dependence on the power supply powered by the electrical network. The primary goal was to design and build an accumulator-powered power supply that allows the use of the laboratory equipment in the field. The design required to use DC / DC converters to ensure the conversion of the accumulator voltage to a voltage suitable for powering the laboratory equipment with good efficiency....
The article explains the possibility of tensile stress measurement in composite materials by the ... more The article explains the possibility of tensile stress measurement in composite materials by the use of magnetic microwires. The amount of composite materials in modern airplane constructions is still increasing. It can reach the range from 50% to 100% depending on the type of the airplane. In comparison with metal materials, the composite materials have different behaviour in creation and propagation of dislocations. An embedded microsensor for internal tensile stress measurement can be created during the composite material fabrication by inserting the microwire inside the composite material. The sensor can be placed into the critical part of the construction between material layers, therefore it is possible to sense the stress of each layer. The present state of the art and planned practical goals are described in the paper.
This article analyses the history and current state in the area of outdoor protection. In the fir... more This article analyses the history and current state in the area of outdoor protection. In the first part of the article, the sensory systems, which have been used for many years are described. Attention is paid to the sensors using conventional principles of the detection of the objects. New modern sensory systems together with their principles used for the protection of the outdoor environment are also described. Other problem is that older sensory systems of spatial protection were focused on the security of properties and buildings without expecting any change position in the time. The article analyzes also new possibilities of protecting of the outdoor perimeter even in the situations when the borders of the areas of interest are only temporary or mobile. And as UAV systems have been used massively and often involve modern multisensory systems, the last part of the article describes current sensors, which have been currently used to detect the UAV systems and to to protect the a...
The development of non-destructive methods for material testing and diagnostics has been, in the ... more The development of non-destructive methods for material testing and diagnostics has been, in the last few decades, focused mainly on optical, infrared, thermography, ultrasonic, acoustic or X-ray principles. This article deals with the possibility of adaptation of magnetic sensors for the diagnostics of aircraft structures. The developed sensors are based on the enhanced induction method, allowing contactless diagnostics of the material structure. In the role of the sensing element, amorphous magnetic microwires were used. Thanks to their dimensions, microwires can either be placed on the material surface or be embedded directly into the composite material without structural violations. In the article, the measurement principles of the developed microwire-based tensile stress sensors, together with the experimental measurements with the sensors originally tested in the aircraft wing, are presented.
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