Papers by PUSHPENDER BHARDWAJ
Royal Society of Chemistry eBooks, Mar 28, 2024
Journal of Plant Development, Dec 31, 2022
The present study was conducted to determine the availability of bioactive phytomolecules in the ... more The present study was conducted to determine the availability of bioactive phytomolecules in the Dhaman (Grewia tiliifolia) fruit collected from a subtropical region of India. Methanolic and ethanolic extracts were prepared from processed Dhaman fruits. The extracts were screened for phytomolecules using the Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) method. Results found that the methanolic extract has alkaloids at 5%, esters at 21%, triterpenoids at 2%, fatty alcohol at 5%, acid chloride at 2%, hydrocarbons at 26%, and steroids at 2%. However, the ethanolic extract has alkaloids (2%), ester (27%), fatty alcohol (6%), hydrocarbons (9%), steroids (13%), amide (4%), and triglycerides (2%) in different amounts. From this study, it has been concluded that the Dhaman fruit is highly enriched in different phytomolecules. As a result, Dhaman fruit has a high potential for curing various human diseases and well-being.
Scientific reports, Jul 10, 2024
Regulatory Toxicology and Pharmacology, Aug 1, 2017
Nymphaea x rubra Roxb. ex Andrews (N. rubra) has been widely reported for immunomodulatory proper... more Nymphaea x rubra Roxb. ex Andrews (N. rubra) has been widely reported for immunomodulatory properties and treatment of piles, bleeding nose and dysentery in traditional medicinal systems. However, its in-vitro and in-vivo toxicity studies have never been investigated. So, the present study was designed to investigate in-vitro and in-vivo toxicity of methanolic extract of N. rubra rhizome in rats. In-vitro cytotoxicity studies were conducted for different doses of extract in N2a cell lines. For in-vivo toxicity studies, SD rats were divided into three groups and administered with 0, 300 and 2000 mg/kg b. w., p. o., of N. rubra extract respectively. In acute toxicity studies, female animals after extract administration animals were sacrificed for hematological profiling and gross necropsy. In sub-acute toxicity studies, both male and female animals were administered with extract daily for 14 days and were sacrificed for hematological, biochemical and histological examination. Body weight and food water intake was measured daily and animals were observed for visual toxic effects, behavioral changes and mortality. During in-vivo toxicity studies, none of the animals showed signs of toxicity and mortality during toxicity studies. The present findings suggest its safety and NOAEL of N. rubra rhizome extract to be > 2000 mg/kg b. w.
Der Pharma Chemica, 2017
The present study was aimed to explore the therapeutic values of Trans-Himalayan plant Centaurea ... more The present study was aimed to explore the therapeutic values of Trans-Himalayan plant Centaurea depressa. The aerial parts of the plant were extracted using methanol solvent. The methanol extract was found to possess potent biological activities viz. Antidiabetic (50.64 ± 0.060% against acarbose), anti-inflammatory (59.25 ± 0.065% against indomethacin), antihypertensive (38.81 ± 0.045% against captopril), antioxidant, while antibacterial activity was observed to its least. Antioxidant assay was done using two methods: 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) and Total Antioxidant Capacity (TAC). Total Polyphenolic Content (TPC) and Total Flavonoid Content (TFC) were also calculated using gallic acid and rutin trihydrate standards respectively. The hexane extract was analyzed by Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS). The results showed the presence of thirty compounds out of which six were major (Phytol, 1,2-benzenedicarboxylic acid, hexadecanal, stigmast-5-en-3-ol, lupeol, lupeol acetate).
Research Journal of Biotechnology, Jun 25, 2022
Plant secondary metabolites are high in bioactive chemicals and are employed in the pharmaceutica... more Plant secondary metabolites are high in bioactive chemicals and are employed in the pharmaceutical industry for the manufacture of nutrient-rich food. These bioactive chemicals are administered in both traditional and contemporary ways to cure various ailments and enhance people's health. Present study was undertaken the phytochemical composition and biological potential (antimicrobial, antioxidant, antigenotoxic and antimutagenic) of various extracts obtained by Soxhlet extraction technique from leaves of C. roseus were investigated. Different extracts were accessed for their yield percentage, total polyphenol content (TPC), total flavonoid content (TFC), antioxidant potential (DPPH - 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl), antimicrobial activity, antigenotoxic and antimutagenic potential. Further, acetone extract was also subjected to gas chromatography - mass spectrometry (GC–MS) analysis in order to assess the composition of various phytoconstituents. The identified major compounds included 9, 12-octadecasienoic acid (19.5%) and n-hexadecanoic acid (16.5%). Acetone extract showed the best activity towards biological potential (antimicrobial, antioxidant, antigenotoxic and antimutagenic). According to the pharmacological properties of these bioactive components, the plant can be utilized as a crude drug or to build a novel medication and these bioactive chemicals are suggested based on known pharmacological literature.
Research Journal of Biotechnology, Aug 25, 2022
The present study documents the potential probiotic LAB isolated from indigenous microflora of co... more The present study documents the potential probiotic LAB isolated from indigenous microflora of cow dung. In this study, isolated culture was analyzed using 16S ribosomal RNA gene sequencing leading to the identification of LAB isolates (Enterococcus mundtii). The isolate was found to be non-hemolytic and can tolerate different bile, pH and NaCl and showed growth at 45° C. The culture survived gastric and intestinal environments and showed bile salt hydrolysis activity. Isolate exhibited autoaggregation (96%) and hydrophobic reaction (94%). Antimicrobial activities of cell-free supernatant (CFS) of isolates were estimated through standard agar-well diffusion assay against commonly occurring food-borne and clinically important human pathogens. CFS of the isolate showed maximum inhibitory activity against pathogen. Antigenotoxic (comet assay) and antioxidant (DPPH) potential were also performed for the selected isolate. Therefore, this strain should be subjected to the other required tests to prove its suitability for clinical therapeutic application. The selected isolate showed the highest activity as antimicrobial, antigenotoxic and antioxidant.
Immunity Boosting Medicinal Plants of the Western Himalayas, 2023
Research Journal of Biotechnology
The present study documents the potential probiotic LAB isolated from indigenous microflora of co... more The present study documents the potential probiotic LAB isolated from indigenous microflora of cow dung. In this study, isolated culture was analyzed using 16S ribosomal RNA gene sequencing leading to the identification of LAB isolates (Enterococcus mundtii). The isolate was found to be non-hemolytic and can tolerate different bile, pH and NaCl and showed growth at 45° C. The culture survived gastric and intestinal environments and showed bile salt hydrolysis activity. Isolate exhibited autoaggregation (96%) and hydrophobic reaction (94%). Antimicrobial activities of cell-free supernatant (CFS) of isolates were estimated through standard agar-well diffusion assay against commonly occurring food-borne and clinically important human pathogens. CFS of the isolate showed maximum inhibitory activity against pathogen. Antigenotoxic (comet assay) and antioxidant (DPPH) potential were also performed for the selected isolate. Therefore, this strain should be subjected to the other required t...
Research Journal of Biotechnology
Plant secondary metabolites are high in bioactive chemicals and are employed in the pharmaceutica... more Plant secondary metabolites are high in bioactive chemicals and are employed in the pharmaceutical industry for the manufacture of nutrient-rich food. These bioactive chemicals are administered in both traditional and contemporary ways to cure various ailments and enhance people's health. Present study was undertaken the phytochemical composition and biological potential (antimicrobial, antioxidant, antigenotoxic and antimutagenic) of various extracts obtained by Soxhlet extraction technique from leaves of C. roseus were investigated. Different extracts were accessed for their yield percentage, total polyphenol content (TPC), total flavonoid content (TFC), antioxidant potential (DPPH - 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl), antimicrobial activity, antigenotoxic and antimutagenic potential. Further, acetone extract was also subjected to gas chromatography - mass spectrometry (GC–MS) analysis in order to assess the composition of various phytoconstituents. The identified major compounds ...
The present study was aimed to explore the therapeutic values of Trans-Himalayan plant Centaurea ... more The present study was aimed to explore the therapeutic values of Trans-Himalayan plant Centaurea depressa. The aerial parts of the plant were extracted using methanol solvent. The methanol extract was found to possess potent biological activities viz. Antidiabetic (50.64 ± 0.060% against acarbose), anti-inflammatory (59.25 ± 0.065% against indomethacin), antihypertensive (38.81 ± 0.045% against captopril), anti-oxidant, while antibacterial activity was observed to its least. Antioxidant assay was done using two methods: 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) and Total Antioxidant Capacity (TAC). Total Polyphenolic Content (TPC) and Total Flavonoid Content (TFC) were also calculated using gallic acid and rutin trihydrate standards respectively. The hexane extract was analyzed by Gas Chromatography–Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS). The results showed the presence of thirty compounds out of which six were major (Phytol, 1,2-benzenedicarboxylic acid, hexadecanal, stigmast-5-en-3-ol, lupeol, lupe...
Natural Products of Silk Road Plants, 2020
New Age Herbals, 2018
Rhodiola is one of the important plants studied for its medicinal properties in ancient time. Som... more Rhodiola is one of the important plants studied for its medicinal properties in ancient time. Some of the well-known and mostly evaluated species of genus Rhodiola are Rhodiola rosea, Rhodiola imbricata, Rhodiola heterodonta, Rhodiola quadrifida, etc. These species are known to possess potent biological/pharmacological activities such as antioxidant, leprosy, anti-inflammatory, antistress, etc. These plants grow at a height of around 4000–5000 m above the sea level with a low temperature of around −10 °C, thus surviving in very harsh conditions. Their survival in such harsh conditions is due to their adaptation in that environment as well as the kind of compounds these plants produce in their biological mechanism. The present chapter deals with the phytochemical composition, bioactivity, and in vitro analysis of some important Rhodiola species.
Himalayan Medicinal Plants, 2021
Journal of Food Measurement and Characterization, 2020
In the present study Amla seed coat powder was evaluated for its physicochemical parameters (wate... more In the present study Amla seed coat powder was evaluated for its physicochemical parameters (water retention and water swelling capacity), nutraceutical composition (mineral and phytochemical composition) antioxidant (only DPPH method) and antibacterial [Burkholderia spp. Pseudomonas aeuroginosa (KF853103.3), Klebsiella spp. (KF424316.1)] and antifungal (Fusarium oxysporum) potential. Water retention and water swelling capacity of the amla seed coat powder were found to be 5.841 g/g and 8.96 mL/g of dry weight (DW). Seed coat contained a sufficient amount of minerals. Different extracts of amla seed coat were prepared by four extraction procedures (maceration (MM), orbital shaking (OSM), ultrasonication assisted extraction (UAEM) and Soxhlet extraction method (SEM)) using different solvents (petroleum ether (PEE), isopropyl alcohol (IAE), butanol (BUE), ethyl acetate (EAE) and acetone (AE)). All the extracts were found to contain different phytochemicals. SEM was found to be the best method giving maximum total phenolic and flavonoid content in BUE of amla seed coat with values 12.81 mg gallic acid equivalent (GAE)/g DW and 10.37 quercetin equivalent (QE)/g DW. Further, it has been found that in the antibacterial and antifungal analysis butanol extract has outperformed the results shown by other extracts. Correlation analysis shows positive correlation between total polyphenolic content (TPC), total flavonoid content (TFC) and various studied activities.
Journal of Experimental Biology and Agricultural Sciences, 2020
Present study was conducted to study the effect of different auxins concentration on callus induc... more Present study was conducted to study the effect of different auxins concentration on callus induction and root regeneration in Musa paradisiaca L. cv. Udhayam. MS media supplemented with 2, 4-D alone (2.00, 3.00, 4.00, 5.00, 6.00, mgl-1) was used for induction of callus whereas MS media was supplemented with nine combinations of IBA and NAA were used for regeneration of roots from induced callus. Result of study revealed that minimum time (24.41 days) of callus induction was observed in 2,4-D (4.00 mgl-1); whereas maximum time (39.42 days) was noted in control. Further, combination of IBA (2.50 mgl-1) and NAA, (2.00 mgl-1) also have significant effect on the root proliferation in banana shoots. Minimum days taken for root initiation (11.73 days) were found in IBA (2.50 mgl-1) and NAA (2.00 mgl-1) combination. Similarly, maximum number of roots (7.03) and maximum rooting percent (87.30%) per plantlet was recorded under the treatment of IBA (2.5mgl-1) and NAA (2.00 mgl-1). Therefore from the results of current study it can be concluded that 2,4-D with concentration of 4.00 mgl-1 has good response for callus induction whereas the combination of IBA (2.50 mgl-1) and NAA (2.00 mgl-1) was found better for regeneration of roots.
Industrial Crops and Products, 2020
Abstract Codonopsis clematidea, is a trans-Himalayan cold desert medicinal plant species, traditi... more Abstract Codonopsis clematidea, is a trans-Himalayan cold desert medicinal plant species, traditionally used by local tribal communities for the cure of various ailments. On this basis in present study the phytochemical composition and biological potential (antibacterial and antioxidant) of various fractions (n-hexane, chloroform, ethyl acetate, and n-butanol) of methanol extract obtained by soxhlet extraction technique from leaves of Codonopsis clematidea were investigated. Different fractions were accessed for their yield percentage, total polyphenol content (TPC), total flavonoid content (TFC), antioxidant potential (DPPH - 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl; ABTS - 2,2′-azino-bis (3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulphonic acid), reducing power assay (FRAP - ferric reducing antioxidant power activity), and antibacterial activity (Staphylococcus aureus, Bacillus subtilis, and Escherichia coli). Further, different fractions were also subjected to gas chromatography - mass spectrometry (GC–MS) analysis in order to assess the composition of various volatile phytoconstituents. In antioxidant assays, ethyl acetate fractions (EF) showed the strongest DPPH and ABTS antioxidant (IC50: 0.082 and 0.004 mg/mL) and FRAP potential, which significantly correlate to its high content of polyphenolics and flavonoids. However, EF has also demonstrated similar response in antibacterial activity. Further, luteolin was isolated and identified in EF using chromatography techniques and nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy. The present results support the possible use of the ethyl acetate fraction from Codonopsis clematidea in food, pharmaceutical, and cosmetic industries.
Pharmacognosy Journal, 2018
Aim: Rhodiola imbricata is an endangered medicinal plant of the trans-Himalayan Leh-Ladakh region... more Aim: Rhodiola imbricata is an endangered medicinal plant of the trans-Himalayan Leh-Ladakh region belonging to the family Crassulaceae. An efficient propagation and regeneration system via direct shoot organogenesis from leaf explant and evaluation of cinnamyl alcohol (Secondary metabolite) was established in this study. Material and Methods: In vitro grown leaves were inoculated using Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium supplemented with (alpha)naphtalene acetic acid (NAA) in combination with 6-benzyladenine (BAP) for callus proliferation and regeneration. Results: The highest percentage of rhizogenous callus was induced in medium containing NAA (10.0-15.0 µM). The highest percentage of shoot formation from leaf derived callus was obtained in the medium containing of NAA (5.0 µM) and BAP (2.5 µM) as well as in NAA (1.0 µM), BAP (5.0 µM) (38.88% and 37.49%) respectively. Rooting of regenerated shoots were effective when a lower concentration of NAA (0.5 μM) was used alone. A maximum number of roots (22.0) and higher length (0.6 cm) was observed. The in-vitro plantlets with well-developed shoots and roots were acclimatized successfully to natural field conditions with a survival rate of over 80%. Cinnamyl alcohol (Secondary metabolite) evaluation was also done for the very first time and an upregulation of 49.6% and 30.6% were observed in in-vitro roots and shoots when compared with mother root and shoot respectively. Hence, it was proved that the content of secondary metabolites obtained from in-vitro raised plants is higher than mother plant. Conclusion : These results may lay a foundation for genetic improvement and can be used to determine sequential level of targeted secondary metabolites through cell culture in Rhodiola imbricata.
Phytomedicine, 2019
root extract of Codonopsis clematidae prevents hypoxia induced procoagulant state by inhibition o... more root extract of Codonopsis clematidae prevents hypoxia induced procoagulant state by inhibition of GPIb receptor regulated Lyn Kinase activation, Phytomedicine (2019), doi:
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Papers by PUSHPENDER BHARDWAJ