The global shift from traditional fish farming to aquaculture has created an aquafeed production ... more The global shift from traditional fish farming to aquaculture has created an aquafeed production gap. Hence, the recovery of microbial protein from organic and nutrient-rich agro-industrial wastewaters has been identified as a suitable substitute. However, such waste streams are sparse in arid climes like the Middle East. Thus, this study explores the potential of singlecell protein recovery from a novel waste stream abundant in the region-fuel synthesis process water (FSPW), via anaerobic treatment with purple non-sulfur bacteria (PNSB). The feedstock (COD = 10.3 g/L) amended with essential nutrients was inoculated with a PNSB-dominated mixed culture in replicate 1-L batch fermenters. The wastewater characteristics and microbial biomass assays were performed using standard methods. Around two-thirds of the COD was degraded within 72 h at a rate of 2100 mg L −1 d −1 , which reduced to about 710 mg L −1 d −1 by trial end. Also, total nitrogen levels (90 mg/L) were depleted within 72 h, indicating that nitrogen was a limiting nutrient. In addition, a peak biomass concentration of 1.11±0.037 g vss /L was obtained. Proximate analysis revealed that the biomass consisted of 35% protein, 32% lipid, 16% carbohydrate, 7% ash, 0.5% carotenoids, 0.6% bacteriochlorophylls, and 0.004% coenzyme Q10. Biomass protein's amino acid profile was comparable to soybean grain and meets dietary requirements for several aquatic livestock. Metal analysis of the biomass and wastewater indicated that nutritionally undesirable metals were undetected. Results show that PNSB not only efficiently degrade FSPW's organic load but also upcycles the waste to valuable feed constituents, potentially creating a regional circular economy.
The availability of agricultural wastewater in arid climes limits the possibility of exploiting p... more The availability of agricultural wastewater in arid climes limits the possibility of exploiting purple non‐sulfur bacteria (PNSB) to recover aqua‐feed bioproducts. Thus, this study examines the feasibility of recovering such bioproducts using fuel‐synthesis process water (FSPW) as a feedstock. Experiments were performed under varying light conditions. The results revealed that PNSB cultured in the zero‐nitrogen feedstock had over 40 % protein content, contained substantial lipids and pigments, and reduced FSPW organics by over 70 %. The light intensity significantly impacted biomass constituents and treatment efficiency. The results are promising for the potential development of a circular economy to convert FSPW to aqua‐feed.
International journal of environmental sciences & natural resources, Sep 21, 2020
The provision of sustainable water supply systems in rural communities in developing countries li... more The provision of sustainable water supply systems in rural communities in developing countries like Nigeria has been a challenge for several years, thereby promoting the dependency of rural dwellers on polluted surface water sources. This has also promoted water disparities between rural and urban areas, as well as developing and developed countries. In a bid to proffer solutions to this public health challenge, there is need to routinely assess the systems available in our rural communities. This cross-sectional survey assessed the water facilities available in four(4) randomly selected villages across Ayeedade Local Government Area, Osun State. Grab water samples were collected from the main water source in each community and assessed for physico-chemical properties using standard methods. The Sanitary Inspector for the Local Government was also interviewed to obtain insights about the modalities of the water supply system present in the area. All the villages surveyed had at least two handpump boreholes present. All the boreholes were in functional condition. The water facilities in all the communities were constructed in 2011 via collaboration between the Government of Nigeria and UNICEF under the Water Supply and Sanitation Sector Reform Programme (WSSRP)-II. The facilities were routinely maintained by technicians from the Local Government. All the physico-chemical parameters such as nitrate, nitrite chromium, iron and manganese were within the WHO drinking water quality guidelines. However, the pH across the communities was slightly acidic, with an average of 6.06±0.08, while the lead levels exceeded the permissible limits for two(2) of the surveyed communities. The presence of functional water systems in all the villages was meritorious. Perhaps, more commendable because of the Local Government's commitment to routinely maintaining the facilities, this ensured the projects were sustainable. The pH levels and heavy metal concentrations of the water sources need to be monitored.
The availability of agricultural wastewater in arid climes limits the possibility of exploiting p... more The availability of agricultural wastewater in arid climes limits the possibility of exploiting purple non‐sulfur bacteria (PNSB) to recover aqua‐feed bioproducts. Thus, this study examines the feasibility of recovering such bioproducts using fuel‐synthesis process water (FSPW) as a feedstock. Experiments were performed under varying light conditions. The results revealed that PNSB cultured in the zero‐nitrogen feedstock had over 40 % protein content, contained substantial lipids and pigments, and reduced FSPW organics by over 70 %. The light intensity significantly impacted biomass constituents and treatment efficiency. The results are promising for the potential development of a circular economy to convert FSPW to aqua‐feed.
Reviews in Environmental Science and Bio/Technology
Large-scale production of single-cell protein (SCP) has the potential not only to solve some of t... more Large-scale production of single-cell protein (SCP) has the potential not only to solve some of the food insecurity and water scarcity crises that plague a significant portion of our world today but also holds the promise to reduce the cost associated with the treatment of industrial and agricultural wastewater. Resource recovery of SCP from organic waste by microbes like yeast and microalgae is commonly documented. However, recently, a class of phototrophic bacteria, purple non-sulphur bacteria (PNSB), has emerged as a favourable option in terms of both wastewater treatment and resource recovery. PNSB are metabolically versatile and tolerant to a wide range of conditions, hence their ability to thrive in diverse waste streams. Besides its rich protein content, PNSB contains other nutritionally valuable bioproducts like carotenoids, coenzyme Q10, 5-aminolevulinic acid, and pantothenic acid. Recent evidence also indicates that PNSB-based aquafeed enhances growth and boosts immunity i...
International Journal of Environmental Sciences & Natural Resources, 2020
The provision of sustainable water supply systems in rural communities in developing countries li... more The provision of sustainable water supply systems in rural communities in developing countries like Nigeria has been a challenge for several years, thereby promoting the dependency of rural dwellers on polluted surface water sources. This has also promoted water disparities between rural and urban areas, as well as developing and developed countries. In a bid to proffer solutions to this public health challenge, there is need to routinely assess the systems available in our rural communities. This cross-sectional survey assessed the water facilities available in four(4) randomly selected villages across Ayeedade Local Government Area, Osun State. Grab water samples were collected from the main water source in each community and assessed for physico-chemical properties using standard methods. The Sanitary Inspector for the Local Government was also interviewed to obtain insights about the modalities of the water supply system present in the area. All the villages surveyed had at least two handpump boreholes present. All the boreholes were in functional condition. The water facilities in all the communities were constructed in 2011 via collaboration between the Government of Nigeria and UNICEF under the Water Supply and Sanitation Sector Reform Programme (WSSRP)-II. The facilities were routinely maintained by technicians from the Local Government. All the physico-chemical parameters such as nitrate, nitrite chromium, iron and manganese were within the WHO drinking water quality guidelines. However, the pH across the communities was slightly acidic, with an average of 6.06±0.08, while the lead levels exceeded the permissible limits for two(2) of the surveyed communities. The presence of functional water systems in all the villages was meritorious. Perhaps, more commendable because of the Local Government's commitment to routinely maintaining the facilities, this ensured the projects were sustainable. The pH levels and heavy metal concentrations of the water sources need to be monitored.
Artificial intelligence (AI) is a rapidly evolving tool revolutionizing many aspects of healthcar... more Artificial intelligence (AI) is a rapidly evolving tool revolutionizing many aspects of healthcare. AI has been predominantly employed in medicine and healthcare administration. However, in public health, the widespread employment of AI only began recently, with the advent of COVID-19. This review examines the advances of AI in public health and the potential challenges that lie ahead. Some of the ways AI has aided public health delivery are via spatial modeling, risk prediction, misinformation control, public health surveillance, disease forecasting, pandemic/epidemic modeling, and health diagnosis. However, the implementation of AI in public health is not universal due to factors including limited infrastructure, lack of technical understanding, data paucity, and ethical/privacy issues.
Background: Gender-based violence (GBV) has been identified to be one of the ripple effects of th... more Background: Gender-based violence (GBV) has been identified to be one of the ripple effects of the global pandemic. In countries like Nigeria, the situation is hypothesized to be worse because of widespread poverty and gender inequalities. Objective: To examine the exposure of females to GBV during the first 3 months of the COVID-19 lockdown. Method: This cross-sectional study was conducted in a low-income community in Lagos. Semi-structured questionnaires were administered to 130 respondents selected via systematic random sampling. Results: The mean age of the respondents was 26.89 ± 8.67 years. Majority worked informal jobs, while only 50% had attained beyond primary education. Within the period, the respondents had been subjected to sexual (54.6%), physical (52.3%), verbal assault (41.5%), and online sexual harassment (45.4%); of which only 30% reported to the police. Furthermore, respondents subjected to sexual (p=0.004) and physical assault (p=0.032) during the period earned significantly less money than other respondents. Conclusion: The fact that over 1 out of every 2 females was subjected to at least one form of GBV within the short timeframe shows how unsafe girls and women in low-income communities are. This calls for proactive community-level interventions to curb the GBV menace.
Hypertension is a leading mortality hazard universally and locally in Nigeria. This study aimed t... more Hypertension is a leading mortality hazard universally and locally in Nigeria. This study aimed to determine its prevalence in an underserved village in Northeastern Nigeria. A cross-sectional study design was employed for the community-based study. Purposive sampling was used to select 78 adults who voluntarily took part in a medical outreach organized by a Non-Governmental Organization (Living Stone Explorers) in the village. The study was carried out in Tinda village, Dukku local government area Gombe State, Nigeria. The data collected were analyzed via descriptive and inferential statistics using the Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS), version 20. The respondents had a mean age of 33.5±13.6. A statistically significant relationship was derived between hypertension and age of participants (p=0.02 for diastolic Blood pressure and p=0.07 for systolic blood pressure). The prevalence of hypertension from this study was found out to be 26.9% which is slightly higher to that reported in other studies among rural respondents. The result from this study proposes the prevalence in the rural area is still lower compared to surveys conducted in urban areas. However, there is need for routine checks by establishments like the primary health care centers, so as to forestall moralities identified with hypertension.
Journal of education, society and behavioural science, Nov 22, 2021
The emergence of the coronavirus pandemic has affected the global population in an unprecedented ... more The emergence of the coronavirus pandemic has affected the global population in an unprecedented way, which has disrupted livelihoods, as well as social activities including the closure of schools. The effect of the pandemic and the associated lockdown measures amplified the mental status of tertiary institution students in Nigeria, which has not been taken into proper view. To this effect, this study was conducted to assess the extent to which the coronavirus pandemic and lockdown measures impacted the mental health of tertiary university students in Southwestern,
Asian journal of environment & ecology, Jun 11, 2021
Water is an important requirement for life but its contamination via natural and anthropogenic ac... more Water is an important requirement for life but its contamination via natural and anthropogenic activities is of great concern. This study determined some physicochemical parameters of drinking water from the main source (borehole), and selected storage vessels in Abimbola, Ayedaade Local Government Area, Osun State, Nigeria. About 10 household water samples were collected randomly from the 70 households in the village. The major water storage vessels used by the villagers were clay pots. Only about one-fifth of the households used plastic containers. All the physico-chemical parameters assessed were within permissible limits of the World Health Organization and Standards Organization of Nigeria's drinking water guidelines except for Lead and nitrite. Furthermore, water stored in clay pots had significantly higher levels of Nitrate (p=0.04), Nitrite (p=0.04), Sulphate (p=0.04), Lead (p=0.03), Iron (p=0.04), and Manganese (p=0.04) than
The impact of the recent global pandemic is multifaceted, affecting every aspect of human existen... more The impact of the recent global pandemic is multifaceted, affecting every aspect of human existence. Many studies conducted during this period have focused on the direct implications of the pandemic on human health and the economy, with only a few focusing on other possible implications. This survey aimed to elucidate the possible impact of the COVID-19 lockdown on internet addiction (IA) among university students in Nigeria. Using a cross-sectional survey, 202 students were randomly selected to fill the standardized internet addiction test (IAT) online. Data was entered and analyzed using SPSS version 20. The respondents had an average age of 20.9±2.3 years and an average IAT score of 32.6±14.4, with the highest score being 79 out of 100. The majority of the students were categorized as normal internet users (45%), 42% as mildly addicted, and 13% as moderately addicted. None of the students were severely addicted. There were statistically significant associations derived between IA and income status (p=0.000), boredom (p=0.000), and Faculty of study (p=0.011). The results indicated that boredom was a key factor that had an impact on IA. The closure of schools, restriction of movement, reduced engagements, and seizures of allowances/stipends made the students vulnerable to IA.
International Journal of Environment and Climate Change
Accessibility of rural dwellers, particularly in Northern Nigeria, to basic water services has be... more Accessibility of rural dwellers, particularly in Northern Nigeria, to basic water services has been a significant challenge over the years, thereby contributing significantly to the high mortality rates associated with waterborne disease recorded in the region. Recent information is required about the state of water facilities in some of these marginalized communities to proffer sustainable solutions. This community-based survey explored the water services available to rural dwellers in Tinda village, Gombe State. Data was collected via participant and community observation. Grab water samples were also obtained and analyzed for physicochemical and bacteriological parameters using standard methods. The village lacked an improved drinking water source. The major source present was a dam, while other sources available were a river and an unsanitary well. The surface water samples were turbid and coloured, while the well water was slightly turbid and coloured. The lead, iron, and manga...
International Journal of TROPICAL DISEASE & Health
Menstrual Hygiene Management (MHM) is typically a constant reality for post menarche and premenop... more Menstrual Hygiene Management (MHM) is typically a constant reality for post menarche and premenopausal females globally. However, unlike other natural routine physiological experiences, a healthy monthly MHM comes with considerable financial implications. Hence, this study examines the financial ability of girls and women in a Nigerian low-income community to access materials needed for MHM monthly. The possible implication of the COVID-19 pandemic was also considered. Semi-structured questionnaires were administered to 130 respondents selected via systematic-random sampling. Data were analyzed using SPSS version 20. The respondents’ age ranged between 14 to 40 years, while 82.3% worked informal jobs. Half of the respondents reported they were unable to purchase sanitary pads and other items required for monthly MHM. Over 65% of the respondents revealed they suffered anxiety thinking about the financial burden associated with monthly MHM, while about one-third of the respondents wer...
Background: Gender-based violence (GBV) has been identified to be one of the ripple effects of th... more Background: Gender-based violence (GBV) has been identified to be one of the ripple effects of the global pandemic. In countries like Nigeria, the situation is hypothesized to be worse because of widespread poverty and gender inequalities. Objective: To examine the exposure of females to GBV during the first 3 months of the COVID-19 lockdown. Method: This cross-sectional study was conducted in a low-income community in Lagos. Semi-structured questionnaires were administered to 130 respondents selected via systematic random sampling. Results: The mean age of the respondents was 26.89 ± 8.67 years. Majority worked informal jobs, while only 50% had attained beyond primary education. Within the period, the respondents had been subjected to sexual (54.6%), physical (52.3%), verbal assault (41.5%), and online sexual harassment (45.4%); of which only 30% reported to the police. Furthermore, respondents subjected to sexual (p=0.004) and physical assault (p=0.032) during the period earned s...
Journal of Education, Society and Behavioural Science
The emergence of the coronavirus pandemic has affected the global population in an unprecedented ... more The emergence of the coronavirus pandemic has affected the global population in an unprecedented way, which has disrupted livelihoods, as well as social activities including the closure of schools. The effect of the pandemic and the associated lockdown measures amplified the mental status of tertiary institution students in Nigeria, which has not been taken into proper view. To this effect, this study was conducted to assess the extent to which the coronavirus pandemic and lockdown measures impacted the mental health of tertiary university students in Southwestern, Nigeria. A cross-sectional online survey, using the standardized Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9) and Generalized Anxiety Disorder-7 (GAD-7) depression and anxiety questionnaires were used, and appropriate summary statistics were carried out. In all (122 respondents), more than a third (35.5%) of the respondents had daily uncontrolled worries, 6.7% had suicidal intent, and over a tenth (14.2%) and (13.9%) had depres...
European Journal of Environment and Public Health, 2021
Children are energetic and filled with vigour, the high rate of person-to-person contact at schoo... more Children are energetic and filled with vigour, the high rate of person-to-person contact at schools could leave the students susceptible to hygiene-related illnesses if appropriate measures are not put in place. The absence of adequate handwash facilities, inadequate hand hygiene knowledge, and poor hand hygiene practices have been reported to be prevalent among schools in Nigeria. The emergence of COVID-19 even makes it more important to provide recent and quality data as schools plan to reopen safely. This study aimed to assess the accessibility of public-school students in Badagry, Lagos State to basic handwash services, as well as their hygiene-related knowledge and practices. A 4-stage sampling method was used to select 5 wards, 5 schools, the classes, and 351 students. A mixed-method which included a semi-structured questionnaire, observational checklist, and a key informant interview guide was used to collect data. Data were inputted into SPSS version 20 and analyzed using descriptive statistics, chi-square, and logistic regression at a 95% confidence interval. The respondents had a mean age of 15.88±1.54 years. All the available wash-hand stations (WHS) were in the toilet blocks. All the male toilet facilities had WHS as opposed to just 60% of the female facilities. None of the WHS had soap present, while a quarter of the WHS did not have water available. Based on the Joint Monitoring Programme (JMP) classification; none of the WHS provided basic hygiene service, 60% provided limited service and 40% provided no service. The majority (83%) of the students possessed a good knowledge of hand hygiene, however, only less than half (47%) reported washing their hands with soap and water at school. Factors like age (p=0.010) and their parents' educational status (mother-p=0.002; father-p=0.011) significantly affected the students' knowledge. The absence of basic handwash facilities in all the schools clearly shows the need for rapid intervention, particularly to eliminate gender disparities and to ensure the sustainable availability of sufficient soap and water.
The global shift from traditional fish farming to aquaculture has created an aquafeed production ... more The global shift from traditional fish farming to aquaculture has created an aquafeed production gap. Hence, the recovery of microbial protein from organic and nutrient-rich agro-industrial wastewaters has been identified as a suitable substitute. However, such waste streams are sparse in arid climes like the Middle East. Thus, this study explores the potential of singlecell protein recovery from a novel waste stream abundant in the region-fuel synthesis process water (FSPW), via anaerobic treatment with purple non-sulfur bacteria (PNSB). The feedstock (COD = 10.3 g/L) amended with essential nutrients was inoculated with a PNSB-dominated mixed culture in replicate 1-L batch fermenters. The wastewater characteristics and microbial biomass assays were performed using standard methods. Around two-thirds of the COD was degraded within 72 h at a rate of 2100 mg L −1 d −1 , which reduced to about 710 mg L −1 d −1 by trial end. Also, total nitrogen levels (90 mg/L) were depleted within 72 h, indicating that nitrogen was a limiting nutrient. In addition, a peak biomass concentration of 1.11±0.037 g vss /L was obtained. Proximate analysis revealed that the biomass consisted of 35% protein, 32% lipid, 16% carbohydrate, 7% ash, 0.5% carotenoids, 0.6% bacteriochlorophylls, and 0.004% coenzyme Q10. Biomass protein's amino acid profile was comparable to soybean grain and meets dietary requirements for several aquatic livestock. Metal analysis of the biomass and wastewater indicated that nutritionally undesirable metals were undetected. Results show that PNSB not only efficiently degrade FSPW's organic load but also upcycles the waste to valuable feed constituents, potentially creating a regional circular economy.
The availability of agricultural wastewater in arid climes limits the possibility of exploiting p... more The availability of agricultural wastewater in arid climes limits the possibility of exploiting purple non‐sulfur bacteria (PNSB) to recover aqua‐feed bioproducts. Thus, this study examines the feasibility of recovering such bioproducts using fuel‐synthesis process water (FSPW) as a feedstock. Experiments were performed under varying light conditions. The results revealed that PNSB cultured in the zero‐nitrogen feedstock had over 40 % protein content, contained substantial lipids and pigments, and reduced FSPW organics by over 70 %. The light intensity significantly impacted biomass constituents and treatment efficiency. The results are promising for the potential development of a circular economy to convert FSPW to aqua‐feed.
International journal of environmental sciences & natural resources, Sep 21, 2020
The provision of sustainable water supply systems in rural communities in developing countries li... more The provision of sustainable water supply systems in rural communities in developing countries like Nigeria has been a challenge for several years, thereby promoting the dependency of rural dwellers on polluted surface water sources. This has also promoted water disparities between rural and urban areas, as well as developing and developed countries. In a bid to proffer solutions to this public health challenge, there is need to routinely assess the systems available in our rural communities. This cross-sectional survey assessed the water facilities available in four(4) randomly selected villages across Ayeedade Local Government Area, Osun State. Grab water samples were collected from the main water source in each community and assessed for physico-chemical properties using standard methods. The Sanitary Inspector for the Local Government was also interviewed to obtain insights about the modalities of the water supply system present in the area. All the villages surveyed had at least two handpump boreholes present. All the boreholes were in functional condition. The water facilities in all the communities were constructed in 2011 via collaboration between the Government of Nigeria and UNICEF under the Water Supply and Sanitation Sector Reform Programme (WSSRP)-II. The facilities were routinely maintained by technicians from the Local Government. All the physico-chemical parameters such as nitrate, nitrite chromium, iron and manganese were within the WHO drinking water quality guidelines. However, the pH across the communities was slightly acidic, with an average of 6.06±0.08, while the lead levels exceeded the permissible limits for two(2) of the surveyed communities. The presence of functional water systems in all the villages was meritorious. Perhaps, more commendable because of the Local Government's commitment to routinely maintaining the facilities, this ensured the projects were sustainable. The pH levels and heavy metal concentrations of the water sources need to be monitored.
The availability of agricultural wastewater in arid climes limits the possibility of exploiting p... more The availability of agricultural wastewater in arid climes limits the possibility of exploiting purple non‐sulfur bacteria (PNSB) to recover aqua‐feed bioproducts. Thus, this study examines the feasibility of recovering such bioproducts using fuel‐synthesis process water (FSPW) as a feedstock. Experiments were performed under varying light conditions. The results revealed that PNSB cultured in the zero‐nitrogen feedstock had over 40 % protein content, contained substantial lipids and pigments, and reduced FSPW organics by over 70 %. The light intensity significantly impacted biomass constituents and treatment efficiency. The results are promising for the potential development of a circular economy to convert FSPW to aqua‐feed.
Reviews in Environmental Science and Bio/Technology
Large-scale production of single-cell protein (SCP) has the potential not only to solve some of t... more Large-scale production of single-cell protein (SCP) has the potential not only to solve some of the food insecurity and water scarcity crises that plague a significant portion of our world today but also holds the promise to reduce the cost associated with the treatment of industrial and agricultural wastewater. Resource recovery of SCP from organic waste by microbes like yeast and microalgae is commonly documented. However, recently, a class of phototrophic bacteria, purple non-sulphur bacteria (PNSB), has emerged as a favourable option in terms of both wastewater treatment and resource recovery. PNSB are metabolically versatile and tolerant to a wide range of conditions, hence their ability to thrive in diverse waste streams. Besides its rich protein content, PNSB contains other nutritionally valuable bioproducts like carotenoids, coenzyme Q10, 5-aminolevulinic acid, and pantothenic acid. Recent evidence also indicates that PNSB-based aquafeed enhances growth and boosts immunity i...
International Journal of Environmental Sciences & Natural Resources, 2020
The provision of sustainable water supply systems in rural communities in developing countries li... more The provision of sustainable water supply systems in rural communities in developing countries like Nigeria has been a challenge for several years, thereby promoting the dependency of rural dwellers on polluted surface water sources. This has also promoted water disparities between rural and urban areas, as well as developing and developed countries. In a bid to proffer solutions to this public health challenge, there is need to routinely assess the systems available in our rural communities. This cross-sectional survey assessed the water facilities available in four(4) randomly selected villages across Ayeedade Local Government Area, Osun State. Grab water samples were collected from the main water source in each community and assessed for physico-chemical properties using standard methods. The Sanitary Inspector for the Local Government was also interviewed to obtain insights about the modalities of the water supply system present in the area. All the villages surveyed had at least two handpump boreholes present. All the boreholes were in functional condition. The water facilities in all the communities were constructed in 2011 via collaboration between the Government of Nigeria and UNICEF under the Water Supply and Sanitation Sector Reform Programme (WSSRP)-II. The facilities were routinely maintained by technicians from the Local Government. All the physico-chemical parameters such as nitrate, nitrite chromium, iron and manganese were within the WHO drinking water quality guidelines. However, the pH across the communities was slightly acidic, with an average of 6.06±0.08, while the lead levels exceeded the permissible limits for two(2) of the surveyed communities. The presence of functional water systems in all the villages was meritorious. Perhaps, more commendable because of the Local Government's commitment to routinely maintaining the facilities, this ensured the projects were sustainable. The pH levels and heavy metal concentrations of the water sources need to be monitored.
Artificial intelligence (AI) is a rapidly evolving tool revolutionizing many aspects of healthcar... more Artificial intelligence (AI) is a rapidly evolving tool revolutionizing many aspects of healthcare. AI has been predominantly employed in medicine and healthcare administration. However, in public health, the widespread employment of AI only began recently, with the advent of COVID-19. This review examines the advances of AI in public health and the potential challenges that lie ahead. Some of the ways AI has aided public health delivery are via spatial modeling, risk prediction, misinformation control, public health surveillance, disease forecasting, pandemic/epidemic modeling, and health diagnosis. However, the implementation of AI in public health is not universal due to factors including limited infrastructure, lack of technical understanding, data paucity, and ethical/privacy issues.
Background: Gender-based violence (GBV) has been identified to be one of the ripple effects of th... more Background: Gender-based violence (GBV) has been identified to be one of the ripple effects of the global pandemic. In countries like Nigeria, the situation is hypothesized to be worse because of widespread poverty and gender inequalities. Objective: To examine the exposure of females to GBV during the first 3 months of the COVID-19 lockdown. Method: This cross-sectional study was conducted in a low-income community in Lagos. Semi-structured questionnaires were administered to 130 respondents selected via systematic random sampling. Results: The mean age of the respondents was 26.89 ± 8.67 years. Majority worked informal jobs, while only 50% had attained beyond primary education. Within the period, the respondents had been subjected to sexual (54.6%), physical (52.3%), verbal assault (41.5%), and online sexual harassment (45.4%); of which only 30% reported to the police. Furthermore, respondents subjected to sexual (p=0.004) and physical assault (p=0.032) during the period earned significantly less money than other respondents. Conclusion: The fact that over 1 out of every 2 females was subjected to at least one form of GBV within the short timeframe shows how unsafe girls and women in low-income communities are. This calls for proactive community-level interventions to curb the GBV menace.
Hypertension is a leading mortality hazard universally and locally in Nigeria. This study aimed t... more Hypertension is a leading mortality hazard universally and locally in Nigeria. This study aimed to determine its prevalence in an underserved village in Northeastern Nigeria. A cross-sectional study design was employed for the community-based study. Purposive sampling was used to select 78 adults who voluntarily took part in a medical outreach organized by a Non-Governmental Organization (Living Stone Explorers) in the village. The study was carried out in Tinda village, Dukku local government area Gombe State, Nigeria. The data collected were analyzed via descriptive and inferential statistics using the Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS), version 20. The respondents had a mean age of 33.5±13.6. A statistically significant relationship was derived between hypertension and age of participants (p=0.02 for diastolic Blood pressure and p=0.07 for systolic blood pressure). The prevalence of hypertension from this study was found out to be 26.9% which is slightly higher to that reported in other studies among rural respondents. The result from this study proposes the prevalence in the rural area is still lower compared to surveys conducted in urban areas. However, there is need for routine checks by establishments like the primary health care centers, so as to forestall moralities identified with hypertension.
Journal of education, society and behavioural science, Nov 22, 2021
The emergence of the coronavirus pandemic has affected the global population in an unprecedented ... more The emergence of the coronavirus pandemic has affected the global population in an unprecedented way, which has disrupted livelihoods, as well as social activities including the closure of schools. The effect of the pandemic and the associated lockdown measures amplified the mental status of tertiary institution students in Nigeria, which has not been taken into proper view. To this effect, this study was conducted to assess the extent to which the coronavirus pandemic and lockdown measures impacted the mental health of tertiary university students in Southwestern,
Asian journal of environment & ecology, Jun 11, 2021
Water is an important requirement for life but its contamination via natural and anthropogenic ac... more Water is an important requirement for life but its contamination via natural and anthropogenic activities is of great concern. This study determined some physicochemical parameters of drinking water from the main source (borehole), and selected storage vessels in Abimbola, Ayedaade Local Government Area, Osun State, Nigeria. About 10 household water samples were collected randomly from the 70 households in the village. The major water storage vessels used by the villagers were clay pots. Only about one-fifth of the households used plastic containers. All the physico-chemical parameters assessed were within permissible limits of the World Health Organization and Standards Organization of Nigeria's drinking water guidelines except for Lead and nitrite. Furthermore, water stored in clay pots had significantly higher levels of Nitrate (p=0.04), Nitrite (p=0.04), Sulphate (p=0.04), Lead (p=0.03), Iron (p=0.04), and Manganese (p=0.04) than
The impact of the recent global pandemic is multifaceted, affecting every aspect of human existen... more The impact of the recent global pandemic is multifaceted, affecting every aspect of human existence. Many studies conducted during this period have focused on the direct implications of the pandemic on human health and the economy, with only a few focusing on other possible implications. This survey aimed to elucidate the possible impact of the COVID-19 lockdown on internet addiction (IA) among university students in Nigeria. Using a cross-sectional survey, 202 students were randomly selected to fill the standardized internet addiction test (IAT) online. Data was entered and analyzed using SPSS version 20. The respondents had an average age of 20.9±2.3 years and an average IAT score of 32.6±14.4, with the highest score being 79 out of 100. The majority of the students were categorized as normal internet users (45%), 42% as mildly addicted, and 13% as moderately addicted. None of the students were severely addicted. There were statistically significant associations derived between IA and income status (p=0.000), boredom (p=0.000), and Faculty of study (p=0.011). The results indicated that boredom was a key factor that had an impact on IA. The closure of schools, restriction of movement, reduced engagements, and seizures of allowances/stipends made the students vulnerable to IA.
International Journal of Environment and Climate Change
Accessibility of rural dwellers, particularly in Northern Nigeria, to basic water services has be... more Accessibility of rural dwellers, particularly in Northern Nigeria, to basic water services has been a significant challenge over the years, thereby contributing significantly to the high mortality rates associated with waterborne disease recorded in the region. Recent information is required about the state of water facilities in some of these marginalized communities to proffer sustainable solutions. This community-based survey explored the water services available to rural dwellers in Tinda village, Gombe State. Data was collected via participant and community observation. Grab water samples were also obtained and analyzed for physicochemical and bacteriological parameters using standard methods. The village lacked an improved drinking water source. The major source present was a dam, while other sources available were a river and an unsanitary well. The surface water samples were turbid and coloured, while the well water was slightly turbid and coloured. The lead, iron, and manga...
International Journal of TROPICAL DISEASE & Health
Menstrual Hygiene Management (MHM) is typically a constant reality for post menarche and premenop... more Menstrual Hygiene Management (MHM) is typically a constant reality for post menarche and premenopausal females globally. However, unlike other natural routine physiological experiences, a healthy monthly MHM comes with considerable financial implications. Hence, this study examines the financial ability of girls and women in a Nigerian low-income community to access materials needed for MHM monthly. The possible implication of the COVID-19 pandemic was also considered. Semi-structured questionnaires were administered to 130 respondents selected via systematic-random sampling. Data were analyzed using SPSS version 20. The respondents’ age ranged between 14 to 40 years, while 82.3% worked informal jobs. Half of the respondents reported they were unable to purchase sanitary pads and other items required for monthly MHM. Over 65% of the respondents revealed they suffered anxiety thinking about the financial burden associated with monthly MHM, while about one-third of the respondents wer...
Background: Gender-based violence (GBV) has been identified to be one of the ripple effects of th... more Background: Gender-based violence (GBV) has been identified to be one of the ripple effects of the global pandemic. In countries like Nigeria, the situation is hypothesized to be worse because of widespread poverty and gender inequalities. Objective: To examine the exposure of females to GBV during the first 3 months of the COVID-19 lockdown. Method: This cross-sectional study was conducted in a low-income community in Lagos. Semi-structured questionnaires were administered to 130 respondents selected via systematic random sampling. Results: The mean age of the respondents was 26.89 ± 8.67 years. Majority worked informal jobs, while only 50% had attained beyond primary education. Within the period, the respondents had been subjected to sexual (54.6%), physical (52.3%), verbal assault (41.5%), and online sexual harassment (45.4%); of which only 30% reported to the police. Furthermore, respondents subjected to sexual (p=0.004) and physical assault (p=0.032) during the period earned s...
Journal of Education, Society and Behavioural Science
The emergence of the coronavirus pandemic has affected the global population in an unprecedented ... more The emergence of the coronavirus pandemic has affected the global population in an unprecedented way, which has disrupted livelihoods, as well as social activities including the closure of schools. The effect of the pandemic and the associated lockdown measures amplified the mental status of tertiary institution students in Nigeria, which has not been taken into proper view. To this effect, this study was conducted to assess the extent to which the coronavirus pandemic and lockdown measures impacted the mental health of tertiary university students in Southwestern, Nigeria. A cross-sectional online survey, using the standardized Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9) and Generalized Anxiety Disorder-7 (GAD-7) depression and anxiety questionnaires were used, and appropriate summary statistics were carried out. In all (122 respondents), more than a third (35.5%) of the respondents had daily uncontrolled worries, 6.7% had suicidal intent, and over a tenth (14.2%) and (13.9%) had depres...
European Journal of Environment and Public Health, 2021
Children are energetic and filled with vigour, the high rate of person-to-person contact at schoo... more Children are energetic and filled with vigour, the high rate of person-to-person contact at schools could leave the students susceptible to hygiene-related illnesses if appropriate measures are not put in place. The absence of adequate handwash facilities, inadequate hand hygiene knowledge, and poor hand hygiene practices have been reported to be prevalent among schools in Nigeria. The emergence of COVID-19 even makes it more important to provide recent and quality data as schools plan to reopen safely. This study aimed to assess the accessibility of public-school students in Badagry, Lagos State to basic handwash services, as well as their hygiene-related knowledge and practices. A 4-stage sampling method was used to select 5 wards, 5 schools, the classes, and 351 students. A mixed-method which included a semi-structured questionnaire, observational checklist, and a key informant interview guide was used to collect data. Data were inputted into SPSS version 20 and analyzed using descriptive statistics, chi-square, and logistic regression at a 95% confidence interval. The respondents had a mean age of 15.88±1.54 years. All the available wash-hand stations (WHS) were in the toilet blocks. All the male toilet facilities had WHS as opposed to just 60% of the female facilities. None of the WHS had soap present, while a quarter of the WHS did not have water available. Based on the Joint Monitoring Programme (JMP) classification; none of the WHS provided basic hygiene service, 60% provided limited service and 40% provided no service. The majority (83%) of the students possessed a good knowledge of hand hygiene, however, only less than half (47%) reported washing their hands with soap and water at school. Factors like age (p=0.010) and their parents' educational status (mother-p=0.002; father-p=0.011) significantly affected the students' knowledge. The absence of basic handwash facilities in all the schools clearly shows the need for rapid intervention, particularly to eliminate gender disparities and to ensure the sustainable availability of sufficient soap and water.
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