Papers by Olatunde Farombi
This study was aimed to evaluate the reproductive toxicity of cadmium chloride (CdCl 2 . 2.5H 2 O... more This study was aimed to evaluate the reproductive toxicity of cadmium chloride (CdCl 2 . 2.5H 2 O) in Boar spermatozoa in vitro. Boar spermatozoa obtained from the caudal epididymis of freshly slaughtered boars and dispersed in semen incubation medium (containing tris-hydroxymethyl-aminomethane, citric acid and fructose) were incubated at four different concentrations (0, 0.5, 1.0 and 2.0mM) for 3 hours at 37 O C. Sperm viability, motility and percentage of abnormal spermatozoa were assessed by microscopy every one hour during the 3–hour incubation period, using aliquots from the incubated samples. Samples thus treated with cadmium chloride were centrifuged and the supernatant was used in the assessment of biochemical parameters of oxidative stress including hydrogen peroxide (H 2 O 2 ), reduced glutathione (GSH) and Lipid peroxidation. The activities of antioxidant enzymes, catalase (CAT), superoxide dismutase (SOD), Glutathione peroxidase (GPX) as well as transaminases (ALT and AS...
Trichloroethylene (TCE) is a clear, colorless, nonflammable environmental contaminant classified ... more Trichloroethylene (TCE) is a clear, colorless, nonflammable environmental contaminant classified as a carcinogen. It is globally used as a degreasing agent for automotive and metal industries. It has minor usage in dry cleaning, textile manufacturing, production of adhesives and co-polymers. It is also an established ovotoxic agent in rodents. Hesperidin (3,5,7-trihydroxy flavanone-7-rhamnoglucoside) is a naturally occurring bioflavonoid found abundantly in citrus fruits widely reported to possess antioxidant potency. In this study, the potential of hesperidin to alleviate TCE-induced toxicity was investigated in Drosophila melanogaster . The flies (both genders) of 1 to 3 days old were divided into four groups of fifty flies in five replicates per group. Group A consisted of flies that were treated with a diet containing 2.5% ethanol (Control), group B consisted of flies fed with 10 μM TCE/ 10 g diet, Group C consisted of flies fed with 400 mg hesperidin / 10 g diet and Group D con...
Biochemical Pharmacology, 2017
Journal of Complementary and Integrative Medicine, 2008
Thirteen polyphenolics were isolated from fresh pods of Caesalpinia pulcherrima using various met... more Thirteen polyphenolics were isolated from fresh pods of Caesalpinia pulcherrima using various methods of column chromatography. The structures of these polyphenolics were elucidated as gallic acid (1), methyl gallate (2), 6-O-galloyl-D-glucoside (3), methyl 6-O-galloyl-β-D-glucoside (4), methyl 3,6-di-O-galloyl-α-D-glucopyranoside (5), gentisic acid 5-O-α-D-(6'-O-galloyl)glucopyranoside (6), guaiacylglycerol 4-O-β-D-(6'-O-galloyl)glucopyranoside (7), 3-methoxy-4-hydroxyphenol 1-O-β-D-(6'-Ogalloyl)glucopyranoside (8), (+)-gallocatechin (9), (+)-catechin (10), (+)-gallocatechin 3-O-gallate (11), myricetin 3-rhamnoside (12), and ampelopsin (13). All isolated compounds were tested for their antioxidant activities in the 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH), hydroxyl, and peroxynitrite radicals scavenging assays. Among those compounds, 11, 12, and 2 exhibited the best DPPH-, hydroxyl-, and peroxynitrite radical-scavenging activities, respectively. Compound 7 is a new compound, and possesses better scavenging activities
Basic & clinical …, 2007
Abstract: The present study was carried out to evaluate the ameliorative effects of kolaviron (a ... more Abstract: The present study was carried out to evaluate the ameliorative effects of kolaviron (a biflavonoid from the seeds of Garcinia kola) and curcumin (from the rhizome, Curcuma longa L.) on the di-n-butylphthalate (DBP)-induced testicular damage in rats. Administration of ...
Research Journal of …
Abstract: The study investigated the effects of chronic exposures to binary mixtures of industria... more Abstract: The study investigated the effects of chronic exposures to binary mixtures of industrial effluents on growth and biomarkers of oxidative stress in Clarias gariepinus. Concentrations 7.67, 3.83, 2.56 and 1.92% which were fractions of a preliminary 96 h ...
European journal of …, 2005
The chemopreventive effects of kolaviron, a natural antioxidant biflavonoid from the seeds of Gar... more The chemopreventive effects of kolaviron, a natural antioxidant biflavonoid from the seeds of Garcinia kola, on aflatoxin B1 (AFB1)-induced genotoxicity and hepatic oxidative damage was investigated in rats. Kolaviron administered orally at a dose of 200 mg/kg once a day for the first 2 weeks and then 100 mg/kg twice a day for the last 4 weeks of AFB1 (2 mg/kg, single dose, intraperitoneal) treatment reduced the AFB1-increased activities of aspartate amino transferase (AST), alanine amino transferase (ALT) and gamma glutamyltransferase (c-GT) by 62%, 56% and 72% respectively. Malondialdehyde (MDA) formation and lipid hydroperoxide (LHP) accumulation were observed in the livers of AFB1-treated rats. Kolaviron significantly reduced the AFB1-induced MDA and LHP formation. Vitamins C and E were protective in reducing the increase in the activities of AST, ALT and c-GT as well as lipid peroxidation caused by AFB1 (P < 0.01). Administration of rats with kolaviron alone resulted in significant elevation in the activities of glutathione S-transferase, uridyl glucuronosyl transferase and NADH:quinone oxidoreductase by 2.45-, 1.62-and 1.38-folds respectively. In addition, kolaviron attenuated the AFB1-mediated decrease in the activities of these enzymes (P < 0.01). Pretreatment of rats with kolaviron, vitamins C and E alone did not exert genotoxicity assessed by the formation of micronucleated polychromatic erythrocytes (MNPCEs) (P > 0.05). Co-treatment of rats intraperitoneally with kolaviron (500 mg/kg) 30 min before and 30 min after AFB1 (1 mg/kg) administration inhibited the induction of MNPCEs by AFB1 (P < 0.001) after 72 h. While vitamin C was effective in reducing AFB1induced MNPCEs formation, vitamin E did not elicit any antigenotoxic response. These results indicate kolaviron as effective chemopreventive agent against AFB1-induced genotoxicity and hepatic oxidative stress. Thus kolaviron may qualify for clinical trial in combating the menace of aflatoxicosis in endemic areas of aflatoxin contamination of foods.
In this study, the morphological and biochemical susceptibility of the rat brain to vanadium, in ... more In this study, the morphological and biochemical susceptibility of the rat brain to vanadium, in the form of sodium metavanadate, and the comparative ameliorative effect of Garcinia kola and kolaviron (G. kola extract), was examined. Brain regions examined were the cerebrum, cerebellum, hippocampus and the olfactory bulb. We showed that vanadium administration caused cellular vacuolation, congestion, and Purkinje cell degeneration and a marked reduction in myelin tracts. Biochemical tests revealed increased lipid peroxidation induced by vanadium, which was ameliorated with the administration of G. kola and kolaviron. Vanadium administration caused an increase in thiobarbituric acid-reactive substances (TBARS) in the cerebrum and hippocampus, whereas the administration of kolaviron resulted in a reduction of the TBARS level by 65.7 and 80%, respectively, in the regions aforementioned. Also, the administration of kolaviron resulted in an increased activity of superoxide dismutase (61.24%) in all brain regions assessed, when compared with the group administered vanadium alone. Results obtained from this study led to the conclusion that kolaviron reduces vanadium-induced oxidative stress in the brain.
American Journal of Biopharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences
Objectives: Parkinson’s disease (PD) is the most prevalent movement disorder. Available therapies... more Objectives: Parkinson’s disease (PD) is the most prevalent movement disorder. Available therapies are palliative with no effect on disease progression. We have previously demonstrated that kolaviron (KV), a natural anti-inflammatory and antioxidant agent, suppressed behavioral defect, redo-inflammation, and nigrostriatal pathology in rotenone PD model. The present study investigates the neuroprotective effect of KV focusing on DJ-1/nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) signaling pathway. Material and Methods: All-trans retinoic acid (ATRA, 10 mg/kg/day) was used to inhibit Nrf2. PD was established with four doses of 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine (MPTP) (20 mg/kg) at 2 h interval. MPTP mice were pre-treated with either KV (200 mg/kg/day), ATRA or both for 7 days before MPTP. Mice were evaluated for locomotor defects and indices of oxidative stress, neuroinflammation and neurotransmission as well as pathological tyrosine hydroxylase expression PD were evalu...
Redox Rep, 1999
The antioxidant efficacy of alpha-carotene and comparison with beta-carotene in multilamellar lip... more The antioxidant efficacy of alpha-carotene and comparison with beta-carotene in multilamellar liposomes prepared from egg yolk phosphatidyl choline (EYPC) exposed to the lipid soluble 2,2&#39;-azobis (2,4-dimethyl valeronitrile) (AMVN) was investigated. Lipid peroxidation was measured as thiobarbituric acid reacting substances (TBARS) at 532 nm or as hydroperoxide formation at 234 nm after separation of phosphatidyl choline hydroperoxide (PCOOH) by high-pressure liquid chromatography (HPLC). Lutein and zeaxanthin, the hydroxyl derivatives of alpha- and beta-carotenes, and the chain breaking antioxidant alpha-tocopherol were also included in the study. AMVN being a lipid soluble, non polar azo initiator penetrates into the hydrophobic interior of the phospholipid bilayer, forming peroxyl radicals which peroxidate the phospholipid leading to PCOOH accumulation. All the carotenoids tested at 1 mol% relative to EYPC significantly suppressed the formation of PCOOH compared to control samples. In this system, alpha-carotene retarded PCOOH formation better than beta-carotene. Similarly, lutein was a better antioxidant than is zeaxanthin. But lutein and zeaxanthin were more effective antioxidants than alpha- and beta-carotenes, respectively. After 1 h of incubation of the carotenoid with AMVN, alpha-, beta-carotene, lutein and zeaxanthin limited PCOOH formation by 77%, 68%, 85% and 82%, respectively, while alpha-tocopherol elicited 90% reduction. AMVN incubated with EYPC for 2 h induced the formation of TBARS compared to control (P &lt; 0.001). alpha-Carotene significantly suppressed the TBARS formation by 78% whilst beta-carotene, lutein, zeaxanthin and alpha-tocopherol elicited 60%, 91% and 80% reductions, respectively. Increasing the concentration of the carotenoid &gt; 1 mol% to EYPC did not significantly increase protection of the membrane against free radical attack. Our findings suggest that alpha-carotene is a better antioxidant than is beta-carotene in phosphatidyl choline vesicles. It may, therefore, be useful in limiting free radical mediated peroxidative damage against membrane phospholipids in vivo.
African Journal of Biotechnology, Feb 27, 2004
Undoubtedly medicinal plants are relevant in both developing and developed nations of the world a... more Undoubtedly medicinal plants are relevant in both developing and developed nations of the world as sources of drugs or herbal extracts for various chemotherapeutic purposes. Also the use of plantderived natural compounds as part of herbal preparations as alternative sources of medicaments continues to play major roles in the general wellness of people all over the world. The African continent contains some of the richest biodiversity in the world, and abounds in plants of economic importance and plants of medicinal importance which when developed would reduce our expenditure on imported drugs to meet our health needs. Herbal-based and plant-derived products can be exploited with sustainable comparative and competitive advantage. This review presents some indigenous African plants with chemotherapeutic properties and possible ways of developing them into potent pharmacological agents using biotechnological approaches.
Cell Biol Toxicol, 2006
The genotoxic effect of chloroquine (CQ), a 4-aminoquinoline antimalarial drug was investigated i... more The genotoxic effect of chloroquine (CQ), a 4-aminoquinoline antimalarial drug was investigated in rat liver cells using the alkaline comet assay. Chloroquine (0-1000 micromol/L) significantly increased DNA strand breaks of rat liver cells dose-dependently. Rat liver cells exposed to CQ (100-500 micromol/L) and treated with endonuclease III and formamidopyrimidine-DNA glycosylase, the bacterial DNA repair enzymes that recognize oxidized pyrimidine and purine, respectively, showed greater DNA damage than those not treated with the enzymes, providing evidence that CQ induced oxidation of purines and pyrimidines. Treatment of cells with 5 mmol/L N-acetylcysteine, an intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) scavenger, and 100 micromol/L and 250 micromol/L deferoxamine, an established iron chelator, significantly decreased the CQ-induced strand breaks and base oxidation, respectively. Similarly, the formation of DNA strand breaks and oxidized bases was prevented by vitamin C (10 micromol/L) (a water-soluble antioxidant), quercetin (50 micromol/L) (an antioxidant flavonoid), and kolaviron (30 micromol/L and 90 micromol/L) (an antioxidant and a liver hepatoprotective phytochemical). The results indicate that the genotoxicity of CQ in rat liver cells might involve ROS and that free radical scavengers may elicit protective effects in these cells.
Acta Biol Hung, 2010
Xylopia aethiopica (XA) (Annonaceae) possesses great nutritional and medicinal values. This study... more Xylopia aethiopica (XA) (Annonaceae) possesses great nutritional and medicinal values. This study was designed to investigate the effects of XA fruit methanol extract on oxidative stress in brain of rats exposed to whole body gamma-radiation (5 Gy). Vitamin C (VC) served as standard antioxidant. Forty-four rats were divided into 4 groups of 11 rats each. One group served as control, two different groups were treated with XA and VC (250 mg/kg), 6 weeks before and 8 weeks after irradiation, and fourth group was only irradiated. Rats were sacrificed 1 and 8 weeks after irradiation. The antioxidant status, viz. Lipid peroxidation (LPO), superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), glutathione-s-transferase (GST) and glutathione (GSH) were estimated. Results indicate a significant increase (p &lt; 0.05) in levels of brain LPO after irradiation. LPO increased by 90% and 151%, after 1 and 8 weeks of irradiation, respectively. Irradiation caused significant (p &lt; 0.05) decreases in levels of GSH and GST by 61% and 43% after 1 week and, 75% and 73%, respectively, after 8 weeks of exposure. CAT and SOD levels were decreased by 62% and 68%, respectively, after 8 weeks of irradiation. Treatment with XA and VC ameliorated the radiation-induced decreases in antioxidant status of the animals. These suggest that XA could have beneficial effect by inhibiting oxidative damage in brain of exposed rats.
Pharmacological Research, 2002
In this study, we examined the modulatory effects of kolaviron, a biflavonoid from Garcinia kola ... more In this study, we examined the modulatory effects of kolaviron, a biflavonoid from Garcinia kola seeds on the antioxidant defense mechanisms, cellular redox status and oxidative stress in the kidney and liver of rats pretreated with potassium bromate (KBrO(3)) intragastrically as a single dose of 300 mg kg(-1)weight for 4 weeks. Treatment of rats with KBrO(3)resulted in an insignificant difference (P&gt; 0.05) in body weight compared to controls. However, a significant increase in kidney/body weight ratio (P&lt; 0.001) was observed in rats treated with KBrO(3)while liver/body weight ratio was not affected. KBrO(3)depressed the activities of superoxide dismutase, glutathione peroxidase and catalase (P&lt; 0.001) in the kidney but not in the liver. Kolaviron (200 mg kg(-1)body weight) administered three times a week for 4 weeks inhibited the decrease mediated by KBrO(3)of these enzymes in the kidney by 29, 88 and 45%, respectively. Similarly, kolaviron reduced the KBrO(3)-induced decrease in the activities of gamma -glutamyltransferase and microsomal Ca(2+)ATPase by 73 and 63% in the kidney. In addition, the extract elicited a 27 and 25% decrease in the KBrO(3)-induced increase in malondialdehyde and lipid hydroperoxide formation in the kidney. Kolaviron also attenuated the KBrO(3)-decreased activities of glucose 6-phosphatase, 5 prime prime or minute nucleotidase and alkaline phosphatase (membrane enzymes) by 72, 57 and 25% respectively. The results of the present investigation indicate the antioxidative effect of kolaviron, a natural antioxidant, on drug-induced kidney toxicity. Kolaviron may therefore intervene in the cellular redox status and depression of membrane protein activities caused by KBrO(3)and other environmental carcinogens in the kidney.
Parasitology Research, Jun 1, 2011
The antimalarial and antioxidant activities of methanolic extract of Nigella sativa seeds (MENS) ... more The antimalarial and antioxidant activities of methanolic extract of Nigella sativa seeds (MENS) were investigated against established malaria infection in vivo using Swiss albino mice. The antimalarial activity of the extract against Plasmodium yoelli nigeriensis (P. yoelli) was assessed using the Rane test procedure. Chloroquine (CQ)-treated group served as positive control. The extract, at a dose of 1.25 g/kg body weight significantly (p&amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;lt;0.05) suppressed P. yoelli infection in the mice by 94%, while CQ, the reference drug, produced 86% suppression when compared to the untreated group after the fifth day of treatment. P. yoelli infection caused a significant (p&amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;lt;0.05) increase in the levels of red cell and hepatic malondialdehyde (MDA), an index of lipid peroxidation (LPO) in the mice. Serum and hepatic LPO levels were increased by 71% and 113%, respectively, in the untreated infected mice. Furthermore, P. yoelli infection caused a significant (p&amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;lt;0.05) decrease in the activities of superoxide dismutase, catalase, glutathione-S-transferase and the level of reduced glutathione in tissues of the mice. Treatment with MENS significantly (p&amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;lt;0.05) attenuated the serum and hepatic MDA levels in P. yoelli-infected mice. In addition, MENS restored the activities of red cell antioxidant enzymes in the infected mice to near normal. Moreover, MENS was found to be more effective than CQ in parasite clearance and, in the restoration of altered biochemical indices by P. yoelli infection. These results suggest that N. sativa seeds have strong antioxidant property and, may be a good phytotherapeutic agent against Plasmodium infection in malaria.
Parasitology Research, 2011
The antimalarial and antioxidant activities of methanolic extract of Nigella sativa seeds (MENS) ... more The antimalarial and antioxidant activities of methanolic extract of Nigella sativa seeds (MENS) were investigated against established malaria infection in vivo using Swiss albino mice. The antimalarial activity of the extract against Plasmodium yoelli nigeriensis (P. yoelli) was assessed using the Rane test procedure. Chloroquine (CQ)-treated group served as positive control. The extract, at a dose of 1.25 g/kg body weight significantly (p&amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;lt;0.05) suppressed P. yoelli infection in the mice by 94%, while CQ, the reference drug, produced 86% suppression when compared to the untreated group after the fifth day of treatment. P. yoelli infection caused a significant (p&amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;lt;0.05) increase in the levels of red cell and hepatic malondialdehyde (MDA), an index of lipid peroxidation (LPO) in the mice. Serum and hepatic LPO levels were increased by 71% and 113%, respectively, in the untreated infected mice. Furthermore, P. yoelli infection caused a significant (p&amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;lt;0.05) decrease in the activities of superoxide dismutase, catalase, glutathione-S-transferase and the level of reduced glutathione in tissues of the mice. Treatment with MENS significantly (p&amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;lt;0.05) attenuated the serum and hepatic MDA levels in P. yoelli-infected mice. In addition, MENS restored the activities of red cell antioxidant enzymes in the infected mice to near normal. Moreover, MENS was found to be more effective than CQ in parasite clearance and, in the restoration of altered biochemical indices by P. yoelli infection. These results suggest that N. sativa seeds have strong antioxidant property and, may be a good phytotherapeutic agent against Plasmodium infection in malaria.
Oxidative Medicine and Cellular Longevity, 2016
Two important biologically active compounds were isolated fromMallotus philippensis. The isolated... more Two important biologically active compounds were isolated fromMallotus philippensis. The isolated compounds were characterized using spectroanalytical techniques and found to be bergenin (1) and 11-O-galloylbergenin (2). Thein vitroantioxidant and antiplasmodial activities of the isolated compounds were determined. For the antioxidant potential, three standard analytical protocols, namely, DPPH radical scavenging activity (RSA), reducing power assay (RPA), and total antioxidant capacity (TAC) assay, were adopted. The results showed that compound2was found to be more potent antioxidant as compared to1. Fascinatingly, compound2displayed better EC50results as compared toα-tocopherol while being comparable with ascorbic acid. The antiplasmodial assay data showed that both the compound exhibited good activity against chloroquine sensitive strain ofPlasmodium falciparum(D10) and IC50values were found to be less than 8 μM. Thein silicomolecular docking analyses were also performed for the ...
Fuel and Energy Abstracts, 2011
Food and Chemical Toxicology, Oct 1, 1997
The possible modulatory effect of browned yam flour, a local dietary staple in south western Nige... more The possible modulatory effect of browned yam flour, a local dietary staple in south western Nigeria, on the toxicity of 7,12-dimethylbenzanthracene (DMBA), 3-methylcholanthrene (3-MC), carbon tetrachloride (CCl4) and bromobenzene (BrB) in rats was investigated. Feeding rats with 25% browned yam flour 2 wk before treatment with 65 mg/kg DMBA (single dose) and 5 mg/kg 3-MC and continued for 3 wk significantly decreased the reduction in final body weight or weight gain and organ weights caused by the two compounds. Similarly, the diet decreased the reduction in body weight or weight gain and the increase in relative liver weight mediated by oral treatment with 0.5 ml CCl4/kg and 2.5 mmol BrB/kg body weight. Incorporation of 25% browned yam flour into rat diet significantly reduced the DMBA-mediated decrease in haemoglobin content, packed cell volume, red blood cell count and white blood cell count by 7, 5, 20 and 10%, respectively; while the diet reduced the 3-MC-mediated decrease in these parameters by 15, 28, 9 and 17%, respectively. The same diet elicited 23, 45, 13 and 33% decreases in CCl4 mediated reduction in these parameters and 23, 18, 16 and 29% in the case of BrB. Browned yam flour diet caused 10, 14 (P &lt; 0.001) and 4% (P &lt; 0.05) reductions in the DMBA-mediated increase in serum aspartate aminotransferase, alanine aminotransferase and serum alkaline phosphatase, respectively; and 32, 31 (P &lt; 0.05) and 13% (P &lt; 0.001) in the case of the 3-MC-mediated increase. Also, the diet reduced CCl4-mediated increase in the activities of these by 40, 34 and 31%, respectively and by 23, 30 and 29% following BrB treatment. These results suggest that browned yam flour diet could possibly be a modulator of chemically induced toxicity.
Cancer chemoprevention using phytochemicals is one of the most natural, cost-effective and availa... more Cancer chemoprevention using phytochemicals is one of the most natural, cost-effective and available means of committing cancer cell to suicide. Molecular mechanisms through which polyphenolic compounds kill immortals cells include induction of apoptosis, cell cycle arrest, inactivation of nuclear factor Kappa B (NF-κB) and activator protein-1(AP-1), dissociation of Nuclear factor related erythroid factor-2 (Nrf-2) from Kelch-like ECH associated protein-1 (Keap-1), nuclear translocation of Nrf-2 and Nrf-2 binding to antioxidant response elements (ARE), down regulation of cyclooxgenase 2 gene and up-regulation of genes that code for phase II detoxifying enzymes such Heme-oxygenase-1(HO-1), glutathione-S-transferase 2, γ-glutamate cysteine ligase (γ-GCL) and NAD(P)H: quinone oxidoreductase (NQO1). They also inhibit tumor promoters such as 12-O tetradecanonyl-phorbol13-acetate(TPA), phorbol-13myristate 12 acetate (PMA), tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) production and inflammatory cytokines.
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Papers by Olatunde Farombi