The methanol extracts of 20 selected medicinal plants were investigated for their effects on the ... more The methanol extracts of 20 selected medicinal plants were investigated for their effects on the respiratory burst of human whole blood, isolated human polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMNs) and isolated mice macrophages using a luminol/lucigenin-based chemiluminescence assay. We also tested the effect of the extracts on chemotactic migration of PMNs using the Boyden chamber technique. The extracts of Curcuma domestica L., Phyllanthus amarus Schum & Thonn and C. xanthorrhiza Roxb. were the samples producing the strongest oxidative burst of PMNs with luminol-based chemiluminescence, with IC50 values ranging from 0.5 to 0.7 μg/ml. For macrophage cells, the extracts which showed strong suppressive activity for luminol-based chemiluminescence were C. xanthorrhiza and Garcinia mangostana L. Among the extracts studied, C. mangga Valton & Vazsjip, Piper nigrum L. and Labisia pumila var. alata showed strong inhibitory activity on lucigenin-amplified oxidative burst of PMNs, with IC50 values ranging from 0.9 to 1.5 μg/ml. The extracts of Zingiber officinale Rosc., Alpinia galangal (L.) Willd and Averrhoa bilimbi Linn showed strong inhibition on the chemotaxic migration of cells, with IC50 values comparable to that of ibuprofen (1.5 μg/ml). The results suggest that some of these plants were able to modulate the innate immune response of phagocytes at different steps, emphasizing their potential as a source of new immunomodulatory agents.
Teori peran adalah sebuah sudut pandang dalam sosiologi dan psikologi sosial yang menganggap seba... more Teori peran adalah sebuah sudut pandang dalam sosiologi dan psikologi sosial yang menganggap sebagian besar aktivitas harian diperankan oleh kategori-kategori yang ditetapkan secara sosial (misalnya ibu, manajer, guru). Setiap peran sosial adalah serangkaian hak, kewajiban, harapan, norma, dan perilaku seseorang yang harus dihadapi dan dipenuhi. Model ini didasarkan pada pengamatan bahwa orang-orang bertindak dengan cara yang dapat diprediksikan, dan bahwa kelakuan seseorang bergantung pada konteksnya, berdasarkan posisi sosial dan faktor-faktor lain. Teater adalah metafora yang sering digunakan untuk mendeskripsikan teori peran.
The methanol extracts of 20 selected medicinal plants were investigated for their effects on the ... more The methanol extracts of 20 selected medicinal plants were investigated for their effects on the respiratory burst of human whole blood, isolated human polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMNs) and isolated mice macrophages using a luminol/lucigenin-based chemiluminescence assay. We also tested the effect of the extracts on chemotactic migration of PMNs using the Boyden chamber technique. The extracts of Curcuma domestica L., Phyllanthus amarus Schum & Thonn and C. xanthorrhiza Roxb. were the samples producing the strongest oxidative burst of PMNs with luminol-based chemiluminescence, with IC50 values ranging from 0.5 to 0.7 μg/ml. For macrophage cells, the extracts which showed strong suppressive activity for luminol-based chemiluminescence were C. xanthorrhiza and Garcinia mangostana L. Among the extracts studied, C. mangga Valton & Vazsjip, Piper nigrum L. and Labisia pumila var. alata showed strong inhibitory activity on lucigenin-amplified oxidative burst of PMNs, with IC50 values ranging from 0.9 to 1.5 μg/ml. The extracts of Zingiber officinale Rosc., Alpinia galangal (L.) Willd and Averrhoa bilimbi Linn showed strong inhibition on the chemotaxic migration of cells, with IC50 values comparable to that of ibuprofen (1.5 μg/ml). The results suggest that some of these plants were able to modulate the innate immune response of phagocytes at different steps, emphasizing their potential as a source of new immunomodulatory agents.
Teori peran adalah sebuah sudut pandang dalam sosiologi dan psikologi sosial yang menganggap seba... more Teori peran adalah sebuah sudut pandang dalam sosiologi dan psikologi sosial yang menganggap sebagian besar aktivitas harian diperankan oleh kategori-kategori yang ditetapkan secara sosial (misalnya ibu, manajer, guru). Setiap peran sosial adalah serangkaian hak, kewajiban, harapan, norma, dan perilaku seseorang yang harus dihadapi dan dipenuhi. Model ini didasarkan pada pengamatan bahwa orang-orang bertindak dengan cara yang dapat diprediksikan, dan bahwa kelakuan seseorang bergantung pada konteksnya, berdasarkan posisi sosial dan faktor-faktor lain. Teater adalah metafora yang sering digunakan untuk mendeskripsikan teori peran.
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