In past decade, the use of cognitive aids such as textual, visual and audio in 3D-Virtual Learnin... more In past decade, the use of cognitive aids such as textual, visual and audio in 3D-Virtual Learning Environments is increasing day by day as it guide and facilitate both the students and teachers to perform the task with ease in Virtual Environment. In recent studies, it has been observed that the use of cognitive aids in virtual learning environments reduce mental load on learner but at the same time it also minimizes active exploration which negatively affect their performance in non-supervised environment. Therefore, some researchers have shown negative concern about the use of cognitive aids in 3D-Virtual Learning Environments (3D-VLEs). In this paper, we presents the idea of ”Adaptive Repetition” as control strategy for active exploration in 3D-VLEs. At the beginning of experiment in 3D-VLEs , students is given full support to perform the experiment with help of cognitive aids. Using a fuzzy logic based approach , the amount of aids are minimized whenever the experiment is repeat...
Fuzzy logic better evaluates student performance and can be applied for aptitude testing, recruit... more Fuzzy logic better evaluates student performance and can be applied for aptitude testing, recruitment procedure, skill based certification and experimental learning. In this paper we use fuzzy logic to measure the learning capability of students in 3D-Virtual Learning Environment. The system enables student to enter in the next learning level through different transition paths. Fuzzy logic makes the approach more realistic and efficient. It enables weak student to make gradual improvement in the learning process while at the same time it provides an opportunity for a good learner to make quick progress. The students get motivated towards learning; hence the learning process in 3D-VLEs improves.
In this paper, we used task distribution framework in a typical educational environment to enhanc... more In this paper, we used task distribution framework in a typical educational environment to enhance the learning capability and user performance of collaborative users. We emphasize on the design of Collaborative Virtual Learning Laboratory. As a case study, we describe how interactive 3D virtual learning laboratory can be used to understand the laboratory experiments in a collaborative mode while providing the learners with the ability to control these laboratory animations in real time interaction and enhance their learning capability and performance based on task distribution model. We also stress the need for an educational Collaborated Virtual Learning Environment (CVLE) to be more convenient and pleasurable, which will enhance its usability and flexibility in various situations. We conducted experiments in virtual chemistry laboratory on different college students to check the learning capability and performance of the students based on task distribution model in CVLE. We repor...
Advances in Medical Technologies and Clinical Practice, 2020
Various interaction techniques (such as direct, menu-based, etc.) are provided to allow users to ... more Various interaction techniques (such as direct, menu-based, etc.) are provided to allow users to interact with virtual learning environments. These interaction techniques improve their performance and learning but in a complex way. In this chapter, we investigated a simple list-liner based interface for gaining access to different modules within a 3D interactive Virtual Learning Environment (VLE). We have implemented a 3D interactive biological VLE for secondary school level students by using virtual mustard plant (VMP), where students interact by using 3D interactive device with the help of list-liner based interface. The aim of this work is to provide an easy interaction interface to use list-liner interaction technique by using 3D interactive device in an information-rich and complex 3D virtual environment. We compared list-liner interface with direct interface and evaluations reveal that the list-liner interface is very suitable and efficient for student learning enhancement and...
This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative... more This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY
Research demonstrates that individualized instruction is superior to the traditional one-size-fit... more Research demonstrates that individualized instruction is superior to the traditional one-size-fitsall teaching approach. The use of 3D virtual environments for educational purposes is becoming attractive because of their rich presentation, user friendly interaction techniques, and adaptive capabilities. However, defining the adaptive aspect of 3D virtual learning environments (3D-VLEs) is a challenging task. In this paper, we quantitatively measure learning skill of a student through a fuzzy logic-based approach and use it as adaptation criterion for changing the contents of 3D-VLEs. The system displays customize teaching materials for different students, which results in improved learning. The experimental results show that the proposed approach is effective and can be efficiently used to enhance the learning capabilities of students in 3D-VLEs.
In spatial tasks, the use of cognitive aids reduce mental load and therefore being appealing to t... more In spatial tasks, the use of cognitive aids reduce mental load and therefore being appealing to trainers and trainees. However, these aids can act as shortcuts and prevents the trainees from active exploration which is necessary to perform the task independently in non-supervised environment. In this paper we used adaptive repetition as control strategy to explore the 3D-Virtual Learning environments. The proposed approach enables the trainee to get the benefits of cognitive support while at the same time he is actively involved in the learning process. Experimental results show the effectiveness of the proposed approach.
ABSTRACT This paper presents a novel Multimodal Virtual laboratory (MMVL) for the learning of che... more ABSTRACT This paper presents a novel Multimodal Virtual laboratory (MMVL) for the learning of chemistry experiments. MMVL is a Virtual Reality environment where the user can perform chemistry experiments like a real world chemistry lab. The user can easily interact with MMVL through 3D interaction interface. The audio and visual information about each chemical objects are provided to its users. The system improves the learning capabilities of students in chemistry education. The analysis shows that the average learning of untrained student is 32.7% while that of trained students increased to 83.5%. Experiments reveal that confidence level in practical field of students who got training in MMVL is much better than those who did not use it.
The emergence in computing and the latest hardware technologies realized the use of natural inter... more The emergence in computing and the latest hardware technologies realized the use of natural interaction with computers. Gesture-based interaction is one of the prominent fields of natural interactions. The recognition and application of hand gestures in virtual environments (VEs) need extensive calculations due to the complexities involved, which directly affect the performance and realism of interaction. In this paper, we propose a new interaction technique that uses single fingertip-based gestures for interaction with VEs. The objective of the study is to minimize the computational cost, increase performance, and improve usability. The interaction involves navigation, selection, translation, and release of objects. For this purpose, we propose a low-cost camera-based system that uses a colored fingertip for the fastest and accurate recognition of gestures. We also implemented the proposed interaction technique using the Leap Motion controller. We present a comparative analysis of ...
In education laboratory is the main contrivance for students’ learning improvement. Therefore we ... more In education laboratory is the main contrivance for students’ learning improvement. Therefore we developed a 3D interactive virtual chemistry laboratory (VCL) for chemistry experiments. This paper describes the potential contribution of the VCL in students’ learning improvement which is based on advanced 3D interaction interface. The aim of VCL is to provide more immersive virtual environment to users by using 3D interaction with chemical items and to simulate their chemistry experiments on high school level. This will increase the learning aptitudes of students in performing chemistry laboratory work. We evaluated the VCL by high school level students, which revealed that VCL is more useful for learning enhancement in chemistry education. Keywords—Virtual reality environment, 3D interaction.
In science education laboratory experimentation has a vital role for students’ learning enhanceme... more In science education laboratory experimentation has a vital role for students’ learning enhancement. Keeping in view the importance of modern day technologies in teaching learning process, various interactive laboratories (ISLs) have been developed to assist students in hands-on experiments in science education. In this paper we describe the potential contributions of existing interactive science laboratories (ISLs) in the major subjects of science, i.e., chemistry, biology and physics. The existing ISLs include virtual labs and simulation software where users performed their experiments. Important problems and challenges in the existing ISLs are highlighted. The systematic literature review (SLR) methodology is used for article searching, selection, and quality assessments. For this study, 86 articles after final selection using SLR are selected and classified into different categories. Each article is selected after briefly studying its different information, including category of...
Various cognitive aids (such as change of color, arrows, etc.) are provided in virtual environmen... more Various cognitive aids (such as change of color, arrows, etc.) are provided in virtual environments to assist users in task realization. These aids increase users' performance but lead to reduced learning because there is less cognitive load on the users. In this paper we present a new concept of procedural guidance in which textual information regarding the procedure of a task is provided to users. The users convert this information into physical actions to complete the task, which enhances their learning by creating a consolidated mental model. We use Multimodal Virtual Chemistry Laboratory, where students simulate a chemistry experiment with the help of procedural guidance. Evaluations reveal that the proposed guidance enhances students' learning and consequently increases their performance in real-world situations.
In past decade, the use of cognitive aids such as textual, visual and audio in 3D-Virtual Learnin... more In past decade, the use of cognitive aids such as textual, visual and audio in 3D-Virtual Learning Environments is increasing day by day as it guide and facilitate both the students and teachers to perform the task with ease in Virtual Environment. In recent studies, it has been observed that the use of cognitive aids in virtual learning environments reduce mental load on learner but at the same time it also minimizes active exploration which negatively affect their performance in non-supervised environment. Therefore, some researchers have shown negative concern about the use of cognitive aids in 3D-Virtual Learning Environments (3D-VLEs). In this paper, we presents the idea of ”Adaptive Repetition” as control strategy for active exploration in 3D-VLEs. At the beginning of experiment in 3D-VLEs , students is given full support to perform the experiment with help of cognitive aids. Using a fuzzy logic based approach , the amount of aids are minimized whenever the experiment is repeat...
Fuzzy logic better evaluates student performance and can be applied for aptitude testing, recruit... more Fuzzy logic better evaluates student performance and can be applied for aptitude testing, recruitment procedure, skill based certification and experimental learning. In this paper we use fuzzy logic to measure the learning capability of students in 3D-Virtual Learning Environment. The system enables student to enter in the next learning level through different transition paths. Fuzzy logic makes the approach more realistic and efficient. It enables weak student to make gradual improvement in the learning process while at the same time it provides an opportunity for a good learner to make quick progress. The students get motivated towards learning; hence the learning process in 3D-VLEs improves.
In this paper, we used task distribution framework in a typical educational environment to enhanc... more In this paper, we used task distribution framework in a typical educational environment to enhance the learning capability and user performance of collaborative users. We emphasize on the design of Collaborative Virtual Learning Laboratory. As a case study, we describe how interactive 3D virtual learning laboratory can be used to understand the laboratory experiments in a collaborative mode while providing the learners with the ability to control these laboratory animations in real time interaction and enhance their learning capability and performance based on task distribution model. We also stress the need for an educational Collaborated Virtual Learning Environment (CVLE) to be more convenient and pleasurable, which will enhance its usability and flexibility in various situations. We conducted experiments in virtual chemistry laboratory on different college students to check the learning capability and performance of the students based on task distribution model in CVLE. We repor...
Advances in Medical Technologies and Clinical Practice, 2020
Various interaction techniques (such as direct, menu-based, etc.) are provided to allow users to ... more Various interaction techniques (such as direct, menu-based, etc.) are provided to allow users to interact with virtual learning environments. These interaction techniques improve their performance and learning but in a complex way. In this chapter, we investigated a simple list-liner based interface for gaining access to different modules within a 3D interactive Virtual Learning Environment (VLE). We have implemented a 3D interactive biological VLE for secondary school level students by using virtual mustard plant (VMP), where students interact by using 3D interactive device with the help of list-liner based interface. The aim of this work is to provide an easy interaction interface to use list-liner interaction technique by using 3D interactive device in an information-rich and complex 3D virtual environment. We compared list-liner interface with direct interface and evaluations reveal that the list-liner interface is very suitable and efficient for student learning enhancement and...
This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative... more This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY
Research demonstrates that individualized instruction is superior to the traditional one-size-fit... more Research demonstrates that individualized instruction is superior to the traditional one-size-fitsall teaching approach. The use of 3D virtual environments for educational purposes is becoming attractive because of their rich presentation, user friendly interaction techniques, and adaptive capabilities. However, defining the adaptive aspect of 3D virtual learning environments (3D-VLEs) is a challenging task. In this paper, we quantitatively measure learning skill of a student through a fuzzy logic-based approach and use it as adaptation criterion for changing the contents of 3D-VLEs. The system displays customize teaching materials for different students, which results in improved learning. The experimental results show that the proposed approach is effective and can be efficiently used to enhance the learning capabilities of students in 3D-VLEs.
In spatial tasks, the use of cognitive aids reduce mental load and therefore being appealing to t... more In spatial tasks, the use of cognitive aids reduce mental load and therefore being appealing to trainers and trainees. However, these aids can act as shortcuts and prevents the trainees from active exploration which is necessary to perform the task independently in non-supervised environment. In this paper we used adaptive repetition as control strategy to explore the 3D-Virtual Learning environments. The proposed approach enables the trainee to get the benefits of cognitive support while at the same time he is actively involved in the learning process. Experimental results show the effectiveness of the proposed approach.
ABSTRACT This paper presents a novel Multimodal Virtual laboratory (MMVL) for the learning of che... more ABSTRACT This paper presents a novel Multimodal Virtual laboratory (MMVL) for the learning of chemistry experiments. MMVL is a Virtual Reality environment where the user can perform chemistry experiments like a real world chemistry lab. The user can easily interact with MMVL through 3D interaction interface. The audio and visual information about each chemical objects are provided to its users. The system improves the learning capabilities of students in chemistry education. The analysis shows that the average learning of untrained student is 32.7% while that of trained students increased to 83.5%. Experiments reveal that confidence level in practical field of students who got training in MMVL is much better than those who did not use it.
The emergence in computing and the latest hardware technologies realized the use of natural inter... more The emergence in computing and the latest hardware technologies realized the use of natural interaction with computers. Gesture-based interaction is one of the prominent fields of natural interactions. The recognition and application of hand gestures in virtual environments (VEs) need extensive calculations due to the complexities involved, which directly affect the performance and realism of interaction. In this paper, we propose a new interaction technique that uses single fingertip-based gestures for interaction with VEs. The objective of the study is to minimize the computational cost, increase performance, and improve usability. The interaction involves navigation, selection, translation, and release of objects. For this purpose, we propose a low-cost camera-based system that uses a colored fingertip for the fastest and accurate recognition of gestures. We also implemented the proposed interaction technique using the Leap Motion controller. We present a comparative analysis of ...
In education laboratory is the main contrivance for students’ learning improvement. Therefore we ... more In education laboratory is the main contrivance for students’ learning improvement. Therefore we developed a 3D interactive virtual chemistry laboratory (VCL) for chemistry experiments. This paper describes the potential contribution of the VCL in students’ learning improvement which is based on advanced 3D interaction interface. The aim of VCL is to provide more immersive virtual environment to users by using 3D interaction with chemical items and to simulate their chemistry experiments on high school level. This will increase the learning aptitudes of students in performing chemistry laboratory work. We evaluated the VCL by high school level students, which revealed that VCL is more useful for learning enhancement in chemistry education. Keywords—Virtual reality environment, 3D interaction.
In science education laboratory experimentation has a vital role for students’ learning enhanceme... more In science education laboratory experimentation has a vital role for students’ learning enhancement. Keeping in view the importance of modern day technologies in teaching learning process, various interactive laboratories (ISLs) have been developed to assist students in hands-on experiments in science education. In this paper we describe the potential contributions of existing interactive science laboratories (ISLs) in the major subjects of science, i.e., chemistry, biology and physics. The existing ISLs include virtual labs and simulation software where users performed their experiments. Important problems and challenges in the existing ISLs are highlighted. The systematic literature review (SLR) methodology is used for article searching, selection, and quality assessments. For this study, 86 articles after final selection using SLR are selected and classified into different categories. Each article is selected after briefly studying its different information, including category of...
Various cognitive aids (such as change of color, arrows, etc.) are provided in virtual environmen... more Various cognitive aids (such as change of color, arrows, etc.) are provided in virtual environments to assist users in task realization. These aids increase users' performance but lead to reduced learning because there is less cognitive load on the users. In this paper we present a new concept of procedural guidance in which textual information regarding the procedure of a task is provided to users. The users convert this information into physical actions to complete the task, which enhances their learning by creating a consolidated mental model. We use Multimodal Virtual Chemistry Laboratory, where students simulate a chemistry experiment with the help of procedural guidance. Evaluations reveal that the proposed guidance enhances students' learning and consequently increases their performance in real-world situations.
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