Papers by Nikolaos Chrysanthakopoulos
Experimental Oncology, Sep 22, 2018
The present study aimed to investigate any possible association between ABO blood groups and lung... more The present study aimed to investigate any possible association between ABO blood groups and lung cancer. Materials and Methods: The study was conducted on 122 lung cancer patients and 1,255 matched-healthy individuals that were reviewed retrospectively. Chi-square and logistic regression models were used for statistical analysis. Results: No significant difference between lung cancer patients and the control group was recorded regarding ABO blood types and the risk of lung cancer (p = 0.055, OR = 0.79, 95% CI 0.61-1.03). Male gender (p = 0.006, OR = 2.08, 95% CI 1.24-3.49) and smoking (p = 0.000, OR = 3.13, 95% CI 1.72-5.69) were significantly associated with the risk of lung cancer. Conclusion: No association between ABO blood types and the risk of lung cancer was observed.
Aim: The aim of this retrospective study was to inves‐ tigate the reasons for tooth extraction an... more Aim: The aim of this retrospective study was to inves‐ tigate the reasons for tooth extraction and their associati‐ ons with possible risk indicators, such as socio‐demographic and other epidemiological variables analyzed in dental practice in Greece. Materials and method: The study invol‐ ved 2,250 individuals, 1,170 males and 1,080 females aged 18 to 78 years. Data were collected by means of an intervi‐ ewer‐administered questionnaire and oral clinical exami‐ nation. Statistical analysis of the questionnaire items was performed with a multivariate regression analysis model in order to estimate the possible associations between den‐ tal caries and periodontal disease as dependent variables, as well as the socio‐demographic and other epidemiologi‐ cal variables, as independent parameters. Results: A total of 5,568 permanent teeth were extracted for various rea‐ sons during the study. The results showed that the main reasons for tooth extraction were dental caries (37.3%) and periodo...
Journal of Clinical and Experimental Dentistry, 2011
Objectives: The aim of this study was to estimate the prevalence of dentine hypersensitivity in a... more Objectives: The aim of this study was to estimate the prevalence of dentine hypersensitivity in a sample of patients visiting a general dental practice. Study design: The study population consisted of 1,450 patients, 690 males and 760 females, aged 18-69 years. All individuals were clinically examined and answered questions regarding variables such as gender, age, educational level, occupation status, teeth affected and any factor that initiated the sensitivity. The clinical examination involved assessment of sensitive teeth per patient, while the amount of buccal gingival recession associated with the sensitive teeth was also recorded. Statistical analysis performed by using methods of descriptive statistics and chi square-test. Results: Two hundred and sixty four patients were diagnose as having dentine hypersensitivity, giving a prevalence rate 18.2%. Prevalence rate for hypersensitivity in females (19.34%) was significantly higher (p=0.0015) than males (16.95%). The mean number of sensitive teeth per patient showed a peak in the 40-49 year age group in males and in 60-69 year age group in females. The commonest teeth affected by dentine hypersensitivity were the first and second premolars, the canines and the first molars of maxilla and mandible. The majority (85.9%) of sensitive teeth had at least 1-3 mm of gingival recession while the most commonest pain-initiating stimuli was the consumption of cold drinks (56.1%). A statistically significant difference recorded between dentine hypersensitivity and educational level (p=0.00094). Conclusions: The prevalence of dentine hypersensitivity in the adult sample of the present study was 18.5%. There was also a tendency for the patients with sensitive teeth to come from higher social classes.
Psoriasis is an inflammatory skin condition characterized by a chronic relapsing course that is a... more Psoriasis is an inflammatory skin condition characterized by a chronic relapsing course that is able to impact negatively a patient's quality of life. Diverse triggering factors can lead to psoriasis exacerbation, including vaccination, as the most common vaccine associated with psoriasis exacerbation is the vaccine against influenza. Psoriasis exacerbation has also been reported after the Pfizer and Corona Vac vaccine. Nowadays, the world scientific community agrees that vaccine is the most promising weapon against the COVID-19 infection and severity. Despite the fact that 272 vaccines against SARS-CoV-2 virus are in progress, only four of these, have been approved and subsequently distributed worldwide for use, are based on innovative procedures and are quite different from each other in terms of composition. Clinical professionals, such as dermatologists may be unfamiliar with the effects of those vaccines, however, there is the strong need for them to understand the critical role of vaccines, with a focus on the necessity to vaccinate individuals suffering from immunemediated skin diseases, such as psoriasis. Psoriasis patients have shown morphologic alterations from chronic plaque-type to guttate psoriasis after their vaccination, however, the exact mechanism of psoriasis exacerbation remains unclear. It is possible that Th17 cells induced by COVID-19 vaccines may play a critical role. In the current pandemic situation, psoriasis patients who do not have contraindications to vaccination should benefit from COVID-19 vaccines in the prevention of severe COVID-19 infection and fatality. The present review presents the possible implication of COVID-19 vaccination in psoriasis patients.
The ABO blood group system has been linked with multiple infectious and non-infectious diseases a... more The ABO blood group system has been linked with multiple infectious and non-infectious diseases and disorders such as, hepatitis B, dengue haemorrhagic fever, cancer, cardiovascular diseases, hematologic disorders, metabolic diseases, malaria, etc. Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), is the virus that causes COVID-19 (Coronavirus disease 2019), a respiratory infectious disease that has become a global pandemic. Several reports have investigated the role of ABO blood groups in susceptibility/resistance to various infectious Diseases, and have proposed that ABO blood group polymorphism may be linked with COVID-19 susceptibility and clinical outcomes, however, the results were questionable. It has been suggested that blood type O may have a protective role against COVID-19 infection, as blood group O individuals were found COVID-19 positive in lower levels. This could emonstrate that those Individuals are less susceptible to infection, or are asymptomatic in higher proportions, or may be associated with a slightly lower risk for severe COVID-19 disease. It has been hypothesized that the mentioned association can be probably explained by the configuration of distribution of the sialic acid-containing receptors on host cell surfaces induced by ABO antigens through carbohydrate-carbohydrate interactions, that could maximize or minimize the SARS-CoV-2 virus spike protein (S) binding to the host cell. The classical viral entry through the ACE-2 receptors can be prevented by the anti-A antibodies that are produced from O and B blood group individuals. Experimental models based on cellular lines suggested a possible explanation for blood type configuration of infection showing that S protein/ACE-2-dependent adhesion to ACE 2-expressing cells was especially inhibited by natural or monoclonal human anti-A antibodies. Consequently, non-A blood groups individuals, mainly O, or B blood group, that produce anti-A antibodies, may have a lesser degree of susceptible to SARS-CoV-2 infection due to the inhibitory effects of anti-A antibodies. Therefore, it is possible that individuals with group A are more susceptible to SARS-CoV-2 infection and/or manifestation of a severe status.
Zenodo (CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research), Sep 19, 2020
In December 2019 in Wuhan, China, the World Health Organization (WHO) declares that a severe pand... more In December 2019 in Wuhan, China, the World Health Organization (WHO) declares that a severe pandemic of Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) was emerged and was spread rapidly resulted in dramatic global economic and health implications. The novel coronavirus, Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is responsible for a severe inflammatory reaction and clinically severe complications, although the majority of the infected individuals had mild symptoms and favorable prognosis after recovery. However, cancer patients are a high-risk group as are already susceptible to COVID-19 infection due to their underlying disease and their immunosuppression. Moreover, cancer patients are at increased risk of developing clinically severe complications in case of COVID-19 infection such as, Intensive Care Unit admission, required mechanical ventilation or even death. Another aggravating factor for oncological patients, during that pandemic crisis is the risk of postponing cancer treatment. The present review presents the clinical characteristics accompanied by the corresponding laboratory findings in COVID-19 infected cancer patients and the possible therapeutic role of some known chemo-therapeutic agents based on the recent observations of the International literature.
Lung Carcinosarcoma (LCS) is a rare, malignant aggressive biphasic tumor with an unfavorable prog... more Lung Carcinosarcoma (LCS) is a rare, malignant aggressive biphasic tumor with an unfavorable prognosis, high mortality rate, and is composed of a mixture of epithelial and mesenchymal elements. The epithelial or carcinomatous element is most commonly squamous followed by adenocarcinoma, whereas the mesenchymal or sarcomatous element commonly contains the main component of the tumor and shows poorly differentiated spindle cell characteristics. Moreover, other foci of differentiated sarcomatous elements such as chondrosarcoma and osteosarcoma may be observed. LCS accounts for less than 0.1% of all lung cancers, has a poor prognosis due to late diagnosis and early metastases. It has been estimated that the median survival time is 9 (3-25) months, a prognosis poorer than other non-small cell lung carcinomas (NSCLC). According to the most recent 2015 World Health Organization (WHO) classification, pleomorphic carcinoma, giant cell carcinoma, lung blastoma, spindle cell carcinoma, and carcinosarcoma consist a heterogeneous category of primary lung cancer accounting from 0.3% to 3% of all primary lung malignancies, known as lung sarcomatoid carcinoma, depending on the observed morphology. Although genetic mutations of some common lung cancer subtypes have been extensively investigated, the molecular characteristics of LCS and the existence of abnormal target genes still remain unknown.
Zenodo (CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research), May 13, 2020
A severe pandemic of CoronaVirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), according to World Health Organization ... more A severe pandemic of CoronaVirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), according to World Health Organization (WHO), appeared in China in December 2019, and spread rapidly. The majority of the patients had mild symptoms and good prognosis after recovery; however some patients developed severe inflammatory reaction and passed away from multiple organ complications. The novel coronavirus, Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Corona Virus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is a beta-coronavirus and is similar with the Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Corona Virus 1 (SARS-CoV-1) and the Middle East Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus (MERS-CoV). SARS-CoV-2 and-1 have the same host receptor, the angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2). The pathogenesis of SARS-CoV-2 infection in humans remains unclear. The immune response is essential to control and reduce SARS-CoV-1 and-2 infections, however, irregular and exaggerated immune responses may lead to the immunopathology of the disease and the lung lesions. This article presents the immunological features of SARS-CoV-2 infection and its potential pathogenesis based on the recent observations of the International literature.
Mathews journal of dentistry, Sep 28, 2018
PubMed, 2012
Objective: The aim of the present study was to examine the periodontal condition of an adult popu... more Objective: The aim of the present study was to examine the periodontal condition of an adult population in three isolated regions in Greece and to determine the association of periodontal disease with several demographic, behavioral and environmental factors. Materials and methods: The study population consisted of 640 individuals, aged 20 to 69 years from three isolated regions. The following indices were assessed: Pocket Depth (PD), Clinical Attachment Level (CAL), Dental Plaque, Calculus and Bleeding on Probing (BOP). Statistical analysis was accomplished by multiple linear regression model which was used to assess the association between the mean clinical attachment loss and clinical, demographic and behavioral parameters. Results: The samples of the study showed high levels of dental plaque, dental calculus and BOP. The final multivariate model showed that age (p=0.000), gender (p=0.016) and presence of calculus (p=0.000) were associated with the mean clinical attachment loss. Age (p=0.000), gender (p=0.000) and dental plaque (p=0.027) were associated with gingival recession, while age (p=0.018) and gender (p=0.000) were associated with probing depth. Bleeding on probing, dental plaque, toothbrush frequency, level of education, tobacco consumption and reasons for dental visits were not associated with the mean clinical attachment loss. Conclusion: Periodontal disease consists of a complicated destructive condition of the Periodontal tissue with a. multi-factorial etiology. Oral hygiene instructions and a regular dental follow-up could play a significant role in the prevention of periodontal disease.
Journal of Periodontology & Implant Dentistry, Jun 23, 2011
Background and aims. The aim of the present study was to estimate the prevalence of dentin hypers... more Background and aims. The aim of the present study was to estimate the prevalence of dentin hypersensitivity in an adult population in Greece. Materials and methods. Eight hundred patients participated in the present study, including 380 males and 420 females with an age range of 18 64 years. All the subjects answered questions regarding gender, age, educational level, teeth affected and any factor that initiated dentin hypersensitivity. This was followed by a clinical examination involving assessment of sensitive teeth per patient and any buccal gingival recession associated with sensitive teeth. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and chi-square test. Results. Our findings showed that 13.5% of the patients had dentine hypersensitivity. Prevalence of hypersensitivity in females (15%) was not significantly higher (p=0.465) than males (11.8%). The mean number of sensitive teeth per patient showed a peak in the 35 44 age group and then reduced slowly in the older and younger cohorts. The teeth most commonly affected by dentin hypersensitivity were the first and second premolars of both jaws followed by the canines of both jaws. The majority (82.5%) of sensitive teeth had at least 1-3 mm of gingival recession. Pain-initiating stimuli frequently observed were the consumption of cold drinks followed by consumption of hot drinks and tooth-brushing. A statistically significant difference was recorded between dentin hypersensitivity and educational level (p=0.045). Conclusions. The prevalence of dentin hypersensitivity in an adult population sample in Greece was 13.5% and the mean number of sensitive teeth per patient was observed to increase with age.
Journal of dentistry and oral epidemiology, May 31, 2022
Objectives: Oral manifestations in acute leukemia patients is a serious medical condition. The ai... more Objectives: Oral manifestations in acute leukemia patients is a serious medical condition. The aim of the current research was to compare the periodontal condition in a group of acute, myeloid and lymphoblastic, leukemia (AM/ALL) patients with a control group of healthy individuals. Methods: 98 patients with AM/ALL and 196 controls were selected. The clinical measurements used to diagnose periodontal condition concerned probing depths (PPDs), clinical attachment loss (CAL), gingival index (GI), bleeding on probing (BOP), and oral hygiene habits. The models of chi-square test and logistic regression were used to assess the possible differences between AM/ALL patients and controls. Results: The mean ages were 65.7 ± 3.4 years and 66.2 ± 2.8 years for cases and controls, respectively. AM/ALL patients had worst periodontal parameters such as PPD (p = 0.052, OR =1.725, 95% CI = 0.995-2.00), tooth-brushing frequency (p = 0.046, OR = 0.581, 95% CI = 0.341-0.00), GI (p = 0.091, OR = 1.632, 95% CI = 0.924-2.88), and BOP (p = 0.011, OR = 2.05, 95% CI = 1.18-3.563), after adjustment for smoking, socioeconomic and educational status, compared with healthy individuals. Conclusion: Individuals with AM/ALL presented deeper periodontal pockets than healthy controls, worse gingival inflammation, and bleeding on probing than healthy controls and poor oral hygiene practices such as daily tooth brushing.
Oral Health & Preventive Dentistry, 2013
The aim of this retrospective investigation was to examine the occurrence of periodontal disease ... more The aim of this retrospective investigation was to examine the occurrence of periodontal disease in patients referred to a specialist clinic for neurosurgery and to explore possible associations between common systemic disorders and periodontal disease in an adult population in Greece. The study sample consisted of 1,652 individuals, 760 males and 892 females, aged 40 to 68 years, with a mean age of 57.3 ± 4.7 years. Data were collected by means of an oral clinical examination and a self-administered questionnaire. Statistical analysis of questionnaire items was performed by using a multiple linear regression analysis model in order to estimate correlations between systemic disorders as independent variables, and the relative frequency of periodontal pockets of 5 mm or more and the frequency of clinical attachment loss of 6 mm or more as dependent variables. The relative frequencies of periodontal pockets >= 5.0 mm and clinical attachment loss >= 6.0 mm as expressed in terms of mean values were 76% and 70.2%, respectively, for individuals who suffer from cardiovascular disease and 62.3% and 52.9% respectively, for those who suffer from respiratory disease. The depth of periodontal pockets was significantly and positively correlated to the presence of respiratory diseases (P = 0.0001) and diabetes mellitus (P = 0.0001) after adjustment for age, gender and smoking, whereas clinical attachment loss was significantly and positively correlated to the presence of diabetes mellitus (P = 0.0001) and cardiovascular diseases (P = 0.037). Based on the clinical criteria for established periodontitis, the current study supports associations between periodontal disease and systemic disorders such as diabetes mellitus, cardiovascular and respiratory diseases.
Galician medical journal, Jun 1, 2022
Cancer is a leading cause of millions of deaths worldwide and, despite the improvements in molecu... more Cancer is a leading cause of millions of deaths worldwide and, despite the improvements in molecular biology, issues concerning how to advance cancer treatment are still relevant. Cancer research must be focused on finding new and efficient chemotherapeutic regimens that can relieve severe side effects caused by conventional treatments. Modern technologies are currently under estimation in clinical trials or have already been introduced into clinical practice. Nowadays cancer therapy is characterized by ineffectiveness and serious side effects, as well as by hope of remission and cure in many cases. Antitumor drugs and radiation have been used as the treatment of choice in some cancer cases, except for the choice of surgery in case of solid tumors. Recently, immunotherapy has emerged as a significant therapeutic alternative, and in many cases, it is the first choice. These therapies can be applied either alone or in combination with other agents. Additionally, gene treatment and nanotechnology are promising methods for cancer treatment as well. The current review presents the progress of cancer treatments, starting with surgery, chemotherapy, radiation and immunotherapy, gene treatment and nanomedicine, giving emphasis to the most common anticancer agents and polychemotherapeutic regimens.
Svrha: U općoj ordinaciji dentalne medicine željela se odrediti prevalencija erozije zuba i istra... more Svrha: U općoj ordinaciji dentalne medicine željela se odrediti prevalencija erozije zuba i istražiti povezanost mogućih čimbenika između broja oboljelih i epidemioloških pokazatelja, poput medicinskog stanja pojedinaca te prehrambenih navika i načina života. Materijali i metode: Uzorak se sastojao od 840 sudionika (396 muškaraca i 444 žene) u dobi od 18 do 30 godina. Svi su klinički pregledani i odgovorili su na pitanja u upitniku o njihovu medicinskom stanju, količini i učestalosti konzumacije pića i jela, stupnju obrazovanja i socijalno-ekonomskom statusu te jesu li zaposleni. Autor se koristio granicama pouzdanosti (CI) od 95 posto za procjenu jednovarijantnog odnosa među istraživanim varijablama. Statistička analiza upitnika obavljena je višestrukim logističko-regresijskim modelom. Rezultati: Kod 240 sudionika dijagnosticirana je erozija zuba s prevalencijom od 28,6 posto. Oboljelih muškaraca (34,3%) bilo je znatno više negoli žena (23,4%) (P=0,013). Regresijska analiza pokazala je da su najvažniji čimbenici povezani s erozijom zuba zadržavanje pića u ustima prije nego što se proguta [OR= 0,42, 95% CI= 0,13-0,44], povraćanje [OR= 3,12, 95% CI=1,83-10,24] te konzumacija voćnih sokova [OR= 2,65, 95% CI= 0,91-4,89] i gaziranih pića [OR=2,17, 95% CI= 1,33-5,62]. Zaključak: Rezultati dobiveni u ovom istraživanju pokazuju povezanost između erozije zuba i nekih čimbenika analiziranih u populaciji odraslih Grka, a prevalencija je iznosila 28,6 posto. Ključne riječi zub, erozija; povraćanje; gazirana pića; Grčka Oralni kirurg na Maksilofacijalnoj i oralnoj kirurgiji Opće vojne bolnice u Ateni Resident in Maxillofacial and Oral Surgery,
European Journal of General Dentistry, May 1, 2016
Background: The aim of this study was to estimate the prevalence of gingivitis and investigate po... more Background: The aim of this study was to estimate the prevalence of gingivitis and investigate possible associations among gingivitis and socioeconomic, demographic variables and oral hygiene habits in a sample of adolescents in Greece. Materials and Methods: The study sample consisted of 812 adolescents, 384 boys and 428 girls aged 13-16 years. All participants were clinically examined and answered questions regarding socioeconomic, demographic variables and oral hygiene habits. Statistical analysis of the questionnaire items was carried out by using a multiple logistic regression analysis models. Results: Five hundred and ninety-one adolescents were diagnosed as having gingivitis giving a prevalence rate 72.8%. Male gender (P < 0.05), lower parental educational (P < 0.01) and income level (P = 0.001), no regular dental follow-up (P < 0.001), no daily tooth-brushing (P < 0.001), no dental floss use (P < 0.001), presence of dental plaque (P < 0.001), and smoking (P < 0.001) were the most important associated factors of gingivitis. Conclusion: The study showed that gingivitis was associated with male gender, lower educational and income parental level, inadequate oral hygiene, the presence of dental plaque and smoking while the prevalence of this condition in the study sample was 72.8%.
Dental, oral and maxillofacial research, 2021
Acta stomatologica Croatica, 2010
Adresa za dopisivanje Dr. Nikolaos A. Chrysanthakopoulos 61-63, Mezonos Street PC 26 221, Patra, ... more Adresa za dopisivanje Dr. Nikolaos A. Chrysanthakopoulos 61-63, Mezonos Street PC 26 221, Patra, Greece Tel./Fax: 0030-2610-225288 [email protected] Sažetak Svrha: Namjera je bila objasniti razloge za postavljanje i zamjenu defektnih ispuna od smolnog kompozitnog materijala te identificirati odnose između postavljenih i ponovno postavljenih ispuna prema spolu, preparaciji, vrsti zuba i dugotrajnosti. Materijali i metode: Studijski se uzorak sastojao od 700 pacijenata – 310 muskaraca i 390 žena u dobi od 18 do 58 godina koji su zatražili zbrinjavanje zubne kazuistike u privatnoj praksi u Grckoj. Svi su bili klinicki pregledani te je nakon toga izracunat broj karijesom zahvacenih zuba (primarni karijes) i neuspjelih ispuna za svakog ispitanika. Osim toga bio je procijenjen i odnos između postavljenih i ponovljenih kompozitnih restoracija s obzirom na sljedece parametre: dob te vrstu preparacije i zuba. Statisticka analiza obavljena je hi-kvadrat testom. Rezultati: Ukupan broj prvi...
Oral health & preventive dentistry, 2013
The aim of this retrospective investigation was to examine the occurrence of periodontal disease ... more The aim of this retrospective investigation was to examine the occurrence of periodontal disease in patients referred to a specialist clinic for neurosurgery and to explore possible associations between common systemic disorders and periodontal disease in an adult population in Greece. The study sample consisted of 1,652 individuals, 760 males and 892 females, aged 40 to 68 years, with a mean age of 57.3 ± 4.7 years. Data were collected by means of an oral clinical examination and a self-administered questionnaire. Statistical analysis of questionnaire items was performed by using a multiple linear regression analysis model in order to estimate correlations between systemic disorders as independent variables, and the relative frequency of periodontal pockets of 5 mm or more and the frequency of clinical attachment loss of 6 mm or more as dependent variables. The relative frequencies of periodontal pockets >= 5.0 mm and clinical attachment loss >= 6.0 mm as expressed in terms o...
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Papers by Nikolaos Chrysanthakopoulos