Papers by Nicholas Tarrier
Feedback: I wonder about the rational for choosing repeated measures MANOVA? Could you please exp... more Feedback: I wonder about the rational for choosing repeated measures MANOVA? Could you please explain more in detail the rational and exact procedure (dependent, independent variables, what were the repeated measures etc)? Response: Given that this study had multiple dependent variables (expectancy ratings on 12 domains + likelihood of use for 4 interventions), each of which was assessed within each individual (i.e. repeated measures), and included a number of covariates (computer literacy) or between subject effects (gender, previous mental health problems, etc.), a MANCOVA was conducted. MANCOVAs also are suitable when the dependent variables are moderately correlated, as was the case in this study. We revised the statistical analysis section to provide more information about the procedure used. Feedback: In the result section/paragraph "likelihood of use" the authors report results of univariate tests. This information is missing in the statistical analyses plan in the method section. Response: We thank the reviewer for spotting this and included a sentence in the statistical analysis section outlining the procedure. Feedback: In the method section the authors report that they used only frequency of technology as covariate. In the results section for "acceptability" the authors report results for sex, previous and current mental health problems, previous help seeking, but not for technology. Please clarify. Response: The variables gender, previous and current mental health problems and previous help seeking were included as between-subject factors in the
British Journal of Psychiatry, 1999
Home-based versus hospital-based care for people with serious mental illness. Brrtrsh Journol of ... more Home-based versus hospital-based care for people with serious mental illness. Brrtrsh Journol of Rychiotry. 165, 179-194. h r m~, C. I. .~. T. k~. S. (I W 8) Care-gwing and the impact on carers of a community mental health service. PRiSM Psychosis Study 6. Brrtrsh Journol of Psychiatry. 173. 399-403.
British Journal of Psychiatry, 1990
Life events and management in schizophrenia SIR: We have previously reported (Tamer et a!,
Schizophrenia bulletin, Jul 8, 2017
Auditory Hallucinations (AH) cause substantial suffering and dysfunction, yet remain poorly under... more Auditory Hallucinations (AH) cause substantial suffering and dysfunction, yet remain poorly understood and modeled. Previous reports have linked AH to increases in negative emotions, suggesting a role for the autonomic nervous system (ANS) in underlying this link. Employing an Experience Sampling Method (ESM) approach, 40 individuals with schizophrenia completed a 36-hour ambulatory assessment of AH and cardiac autonomic regulation. Participants carried mobile electronic devices that prompted them to report 10 times/d the severity of their momentary AH, along with a Holter monitor that continuously recorded their cardiac autonomic regulation. The clocks of the devices and monitors were synchronized, allowing for high time-resolution temporal linking of the AH and concurrent autonomic data. Power spectral analysis was used to determine the relative vagal (parasympathetic) contribution to autonomic regulation during 5 minutes prior to each experience sample. The participants also comp...
Patient education and counseling, 2015
Social Psychiatry and Psychiatric Epidemiology, 2014
Social Psychiatry and Psychiatric Epidemiology, 2004
Social Psychiatry and Psychiatric Epidemiology, 2006
Social Psychiatry and Psychiatric Epidemiology, 2010
Psychiatry Research, 2012
Successful social functioning requires adaptive forms of emotion awareness and regulation. Howeve... more Successful social functioning requires adaptive forms of emotion awareness and regulation. However, despite well-documented deficits in social functioning in individuals with schizophrenia, little is known about emotion awareness and regulation in this population. Therefore, we compared emotion awareness and regulation in individuals with schizophrenia and healthy controls, and then, within the schizophrenia group, we examined their impact on social functioning. Forty-four individuals with schizophrenia and 20 healthy controls completed measures of emotion awareness, emotion regulation, and social functioning, in addition to control measures, including neurocognitive functioning. Compared to controls, individuals with schizophrenia displayed significant deficits describing and identifying their emotions and used significantly less reappraisal and more suppression to regulate their emotions. Among the schizophrenia group, better social functioning was associated with the ability to identify, and in particular to describe emotions, better emotion management, as well as greater use of reappraisal and less use of suppression. A hierarchical multiple regression analysis indicated that, after controlling for age and neurocognition, difficulties describing feelings accounted for 35% of the social functioning variance. The present study highlights the importance of emotion awareness and regulation in schizophrenia, pointing to their substantial influence on social functioning above and beyond the impact of neurocognitive functioning.
Journal of Nervous & Mental Disease, 2010
There is a high incidence of trauma and posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) in people with a dia... more There is a high incidence of trauma and posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) in people with a diagnosis of psychosis. Sequelae of trauma may affect the ability to engage in both attachment and therapeutic relationships. This study investigated associations between trauma histories, PTSD, attachment styles, and working alliance in a sample of 110 individuals with psychosis and substance misuse. Anxious attachment was associated with number of interpersonal traumas and PTSD reported, but there were no associations between trauma and alliance. There were discrepancies in number of traumatic events reported by care coordinators and patients. The findings of this study highlight the potential use of attachment theory in working with trauma and PTSD in psychosis.
Journal of Nervous & Mental Disease, 2012
Journal of Clinical Psychology in Medical Settings, 2010
The longitudinal course of the psychological health (PH) of United States Air Force (USAF) base c... more The longitudinal course of the psychological health (PH) of United States Air Force (USAF) base communities in relation to risk and demographic factors was studied over a 5-year period. PH (clinically significant hazardous drinking, prescription drug misuse, depressive symptoms, suicidal thoughts and behaviors, intimate partner violence [IPV] and child abuse) and risk (personal and family adjustment, workplace adjustment, broader community adjustment) and demographic factors (age and gender distribution) were operationalized at the aggregate level for bases (N = 77) as measured in three large scale surveys of USAF active duty members. Bases whose members collectively exhibited greater levels of risk collectively experienced greater initial problems with alcohol and drug use, depression, suicidality, and physical IPV. Hazardous drinking more quickly increased at bases whose members were younger and more male, and at those with poorer initial aggregate personal adjustment and workplace adjustment. The challenges of studying the community-level course of PH are highlighted.
Comprehensive Psychiatry, 2012
BMC Psychiatry, 2014
Background: E-mental health and m-mental health include the use of technology in the prevention, ... more Background: E-mental health and m-mental health include the use of technology in the prevention, treatment and aftercare of mental health problems. With the economical pressure on mental health services increasing, e-mental health and m-mental health could bridge treatment gaps, reduce waiting times for patients and deliver interventions at lower costs. However, despite the existence of numerous effective interventions, the transition of computerised interventions into care is slow. The aim of the present study was to investigate the acceptability of e-mental health and m-mental health in the general population. Methods: An advisory group of service users identified dimensions that potentially influence an individual's decision to engage with a particular treatment for mental health problems. A large sample (N = 490) recruited through email, flyers and social media was asked to rate the acceptability of different treatment options for mental health problems on these domains. Results were analysed using repeated measures MANOVA. Results: Participants rated the perceived helpfulness of an intervention, the ability to motivate users, intervention credibility, and immediate access without waiting time as most important dimensions with regard to engaging with a treatment for mental health problems. Participants expected face-to-face therapy to meet their needs on most of these dimensions. Computerised treatments and smartphone applications for mental health were reported to not meet participants' expectations on most domains. However, these interventions scored higher than face-to-face treatments on domains associated with the convenience of access. Overall, participants reported a very low likelihood of using computerised treatments for mental health in the future. Conclusions: Individuals in this study expressed negative views about computerised self-help intervention and low likelihood of use in the future. To improve the implementation and uptake, policy makers need to improve the public perception of such interventions.
Behaviour Research and Therapy, 2008
This study investigates the relationship between expressed emotion (EE) and causal attributions i... more This study investigates the relationship between expressed emotion (EE) and causal attributions in relatives of post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) patients, and examines the contributions of EE and attributions to patient outcomes. Thirty-eight relatives of patients with PTSD participating in a treatment trial were assessed on EE, causal attributions for patient problems and nature of attributions. Patients' PTSD symptoms at 6 and 12 months were assessed. Criticism and hostility in relatives were associated with attributing problems to factors controllable by patients. Relatives with marked emotional over-involvement (EOI) had an attributional profile similar to low EE relatives. Deficits in normal behaviour ("negative symptoms") were perceived as more controllable, internal and stable than were more obvious signs of an illness or mental health problem such as hypervigilance and intrusive thoughts and nightmares ("positive symptoms"). Irritability or anger was perceived as more controllable and personal than any other problem. Hostility was associated with less psychological understanding. EE (hostility) but not attributions was found to predict clinical outcome. The results are consistent with previous studies of relatives of schizophrenia patients. The study suggests a need for interventions, which focus on helping relatives to reappraise the impact of PTSD.
Behaviour Research and Therapy, 2010
Archives of Suicide Research, 2010
Psychiatric Services, Aug 1, 2020
Suicide ideation, plan, attempt, and death are significant and prevalent concerns among individua... more Suicide ideation, plan, attempt, and death are significant and prevalent concerns among individuals with psychosis. Previous studies have focused on risk factors, but few have systematically evaluated the effect of psychosocial interventions on these experiences among individuals with psychosis. This study evaluated the effectiveness of psychosocial interventions in reducing suicide ideation, plan, attempt, and death among individuals with psychotic symptoms. Methods: Eight electronic databases were systematically searched from inception until June 30, 2019. Identified studies included both randomized controlled trials and controlled trials without randomization that examined psychosocial interventions for suicide ideation, plan, attempt, and death among individuals with psychotic symptoms. A random-effects model was used to pool the effect sizes for synthesis. Results: Eleven studies with 14 effect sizes (N=4,829 participants) were analyzed. The average age of participants ranged from 21 to 51, and most participants identified as male and non-Hispanic Caucasian or Chinese and were in an early or first-episode stage of illness. On average, participants who received psychosocial interventions were less likely than their counterparts in the control group to report suicide ideation, plan, and attempt and die by suicide (odds ratio [OR]=0.57, 95% confidence interval [CI]=0.41-0.78). Subgroup analyses further revealed significant reductions in suicide ideation (OR=0.73, 95% CI=0.55-0.97) and suicide death (OR=0.45, 95% CI=0.30-0.68) among intervention participants. Conclusions: Preliminary evidence indicated that psychosocial interventions are effective in reducing suicide ideation, plan, attempt, and death among individuals with psychotic symptoms. Intervention characteristics, however, varied across studies, which suggests a lack of consensus on best clinical practices.
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Papers by Nicholas Tarrier