The world is suffering from heavy pollution because of synthetic petrochemical plastic used in ou... more The world is suffering from heavy pollution because of synthetic petrochemical plastic used in our daily activities. A possible solution is the use of bioplastic synthesized from natural renewable resources. The present work investigates the development and characterization of polymer bioplastic using ginger tea and green tea to decrease the adverse effect of petrochemical plastic waste for versatile applications. Two kinds of bioplastic samples were produced with two types of tea, ginger tea and green tea, using glycerol, vinegar, starch, and water. SEM (scanning electron microscopy), FTIR (Fourier transformed infrared spectroscopy), mechanical (tensile), TGA (thermogravimetric analysis), DSC (differential scanning calorimetry), and time tests of bioplastic degradation analysis were carried out to evaluate the morphological, mechanical, and thermal behaviors of the synthesized tea bioplastics. The research result showed ginger tea bioplastic had a maximum tensile strength of 2.9 MP...
The popularity of coated aluminum is gaining significant attention in numerous sectors in the ind... more The popularity of coated aluminum is gaining significant attention in numerous sectors in the industry due to its specific strength, corrosion resistance, and recyclability. However, because of friction, its lifetime reduces which causes a billion-dollar loss every year to our property. Many types of research are going around the world on how friction and wear loss can be reduced. This research focuses on the tribological study of coated aluminum in different conditions in the experiments, lubricant is used to find its efficiency, and coating materials have also its self-lubricating properties. Both reciprocating motion of pin and simultaneous motion of pin and disc applied. The combined effects of lubrication and motions are correlated with the reduction of tribological properties to a certain extent. The velocity of both pin and disc is also varied. Applied loads are changed in different experiments as well. Roughness analysis has also been done to observe the effect of lubricant,...
This paper presents the coating technology on Nano membrane using SiC–TiO2-Graphene with varying ... more This paper presents the coating technology on Nano membrane using SiC–TiO2-Graphene with varying percentages of Azadirachta indica (Neem) extract with an objective to develop new coating materials. The nanomembranes have been synthesized by electrospinning machine over aluminum foil paper using the raw materials PVA grain, SiC, TiO2, Graphene, and neem. The nanomembranes have been characterized by SEM, XRD, FTIR, Surface Roughness, antibacterial, and Cytotoxicity test. FTIR analysis established the presence of PVA and neem indicating the formation of different organic compounds. It also confirmed that no chemical reaction occurred during the synthesis process. The membrane's roughness analysis obtained average roughness values from 1.15 to 3.84. The formation of homogeneous and smooth membranes with the formation of micropores was confirmed by SEM analysis. Miller Indices identified different types of crystal structures in XRD analysis. Antibacterial activity increased with the increase of the percentage of neem confirmed by the antibacterial test. No toxic effects were observed from the membrane during the cytotoxicity test. The obtained data confirmed that the synthesized nanomembrane could be used in different biomedical applications.
Graphene, a single particle thicker carbon layer with a hexagonal form, was successfully confined... more Graphene, a single particle thicker carbon layer with a hexagonal form, was successfully confined, and the potential electrical impact was observed in 2004. Since a surge in study interest has risen, concentrating on its one-of-a-kind semimetallic property ascribing to the intersection of the π and π* groups at the Fermi level at K and K′ focuses in reciprocal space. At energies around the decadence point, these bands are also directly dispersive, resulting in zero-mass quasiparticles (Diracfermions) linked to the equivalence of the two sublattices in the primitive unit cell of graphene. The electron's relativistic nature makes optimal transmission across high potential barriers possible (Klein paradox). As a response, graphene is frequently predicted to be the structural obstruct for future electrical devices. Future semiconductor industries could replace silicon because of its unique electrical and transport capabilities, but it lacks liveliness. For practical applications, the bandgap is a generous limitation. From the earliest starting point, it can be said that halting symmetry may be the most productive methodology to recognize bandgap tenability in graphene. As indicated by uniaxial or in-plane shear strain, the weak cross-section twisting of graphene has led some to believe that most stressed graphene has lost energy below 1eV. The limitations of the present work as well as future research directions were also discussed here. Theoretically, a sizeable band gap of ≥2 eV, tunable bandgap with the desired level, and low contact resistance in metal interfaces are still being explored. Nonetheless, they are less understood. Future studies can be carried out experimentally to resolve the constraints of semiconductors for their applications in a variety of fields.
Pasur river is one of the largest rivers in the World Heritage Sundarbans mangrove forest region ... more Pasur river is one of the largest rivers in the World Heritage Sundarbans mangrove forest region of the southwestern part of Bangladesh. Due to lack of alternative sources, more than 1 million inhabitants living in the Pasur river basin area rely heavily on the river water for domestic, irrigation, and industrial purposes without proper and reliable information on the water qualities and contamination types. The study aimed at evaluating the suitability and sustainability for irrigation and consumption practices, and suitable hydrogeochemical techniques and quality of Pasur river water of Sundarbon region of Bangladesh were investigated. Water samples were collected from six locations during pre-monsoon and post-monsoon seasons and assessed for suitability for drinking and irrigation application. The water quality index (WQI) was calculated to evaluate the suitability for drinking. WQI indicates that the river water samples during both the seasons are safe for drinking in the good c...
Natural fibers and reinforcing elements are gaining attention from academicians and researchers t... more Natural fibers and reinforcing elements are gaining attention from academicians and researchers to be utilized as the reinforcements in composites because of their environment friendly nature and sustainability. The aim of this study is to characterize and analyze the influence of eggshell particles on the mechanical, morphological and thermal properties of jute/cotton fiber reinforced epoxy composites. Composites were analyzed using UTM, SEM, XRD, UV, FTIR, and surface topology (2D and 3D). These experimental results show that addition of more eggshell particles increases the tensile strength but reduces the bending strength. Good thermal stability (300 °C) is obtained for the Jute/cotton/jute/cotton (JCJC) eggshell composites. SEM images confirmed the reinforcement of fibers in resins. FTIR data shows the presence of different active bands in JCJC eggshell composites. EDS analysis reveals the percentage of different compounds present in the composites. Absorption peaks are visualized by UV analysis in composites. The jute/cotton fiber reinforced epoxy composite without eggshell particles are also investigated for better understanding when eggshell particles are available. The findings experimentally prove that the produced composite can be used as an alternative to traditional materials. Beside this, the results of this study would be a noteworthy contribution for designing high performance bio-based composites over synthetic materials in numerous applications such as household products, vessels, and even in the aerospace industry.
This paper represents the corrosion behavior of silicon based ceramics that composed of silicon, ... more This paper represents the corrosion behavior of silicon based ceramics that composed of silicon, aluminum, magnesium and iron in NaOH and Azadirachta indica leaf juice to obtain suitable less corrosive solution. Four different solutions such as NaOH of Ph value of 12.65; Azadirachta indica leaf juice of Ph value of 4.15; 60% NaOH,40% Azadirachta indica leaf juice of Ph value of 8.3 and 40% NaOH ,60% Azadirachta indica leaf juice of Ph value of 7.7 are considered. Firstly the weights of the four samples are taken. Then they are kept in four different solutions for 30 days. Later the weight of each sample is measured and compared with the previous weight. Weights of the samples 1, 2 and 4 are increased about 0.08%, 0.24% and 0.03% respectively while weight of sample 3 is decreased 0.11%. Finally morphological analysis of the samples is performed by SEM to investigate the abnormality in sample's structure.
In industrial applications where contact behavior of materials is characterized, fretting-associa... more In industrial applications where contact behavior of materials is characterized, fretting-associated fatigue plays a vital role as a failure agitator. While considering connection, it encounters friction. Biomaterials like polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) and ultra-high-molecular-weight polyethylene (UHMWPE) are renowned for their low coefficient of friction and are utilized in sophisticated functions like the hip joint cup and other biomedical implants. In addition to the axial stresses, some degree of dynamic bending stress is also developed occasionally in those fretting contacts. This research investigated the fracture behavior of a polymer PTFE under bending fretting fatigue. Finite element analysis justified the experimental results. A mathematical model is proposed by developing an empirical equation for fracture characterization in polymers like PTFE. It was found that the bending stiffness exists below the loading point ratio (LPR) 3.0, near the collar section of the specimen...
The world is suffering from heavy pollution because of synthetic petrochemical plastic used in ou... more The world is suffering from heavy pollution because of synthetic petrochemical plastic used in our daily activities. A possible solution is the use of bioplastic synthesized from natural renewable resources. The present work investigates the development and characterization of polymer bioplastic using ginger tea and green tea to decrease the adverse effect of petrochemical plastic waste for versatile applications. Two kinds of bioplastic samples were produced with two types of tea, ginger tea and green tea, using glycerol, vinegar, starch, and water. SEM (scanning electron microscopy), FTIR (Fourier transformed infrared spectroscopy), mechanical (tensile), TGA (thermogravimetric analysis), DSC (differential scanning calorimetry), and time tests of bioplastic degradation analysis were carried out to evaluate the morphological, mechanical, and thermal behaviors of the synthesized tea bioplastics. The research result showed ginger tea bioplastic had a maximum tensile strength of 2.9 MP...
The popularity of coated aluminum is gaining significant attention in numerous sectors in the ind... more The popularity of coated aluminum is gaining significant attention in numerous sectors in the industry due to its specific strength, corrosion resistance, and recyclability. However, because of friction, its lifetime reduces which causes a billion-dollar loss every year to our property. Many types of research are going around the world on how friction and wear loss can be reduced. This research focuses on the tribological study of coated aluminum in different conditions in the experiments, lubricant is used to find its efficiency, and coating materials have also its self-lubricating properties. Both reciprocating motion of pin and simultaneous motion of pin and disc applied. The combined effects of lubrication and motions are correlated with the reduction of tribological properties to a certain extent. The velocity of both pin and disc is also varied. Applied loads are changed in different experiments as well. Roughness analysis has also been done to observe the effect of lubricant,...
This paper presents the coating technology on Nano membrane using SiC–TiO2-Graphene with varying ... more This paper presents the coating technology on Nano membrane using SiC–TiO2-Graphene with varying percentages of Azadirachta indica (Neem) extract with an objective to develop new coating materials. The nanomembranes have been synthesized by electrospinning machine over aluminum foil paper using the raw materials PVA grain, SiC, TiO2, Graphene, and neem. The nanomembranes have been characterized by SEM, XRD, FTIR, Surface Roughness, antibacterial, and Cytotoxicity test. FTIR analysis established the presence of PVA and neem indicating the formation of different organic compounds. It also confirmed that no chemical reaction occurred during the synthesis process. The membrane's roughness analysis obtained average roughness values from 1.15 to 3.84. The formation of homogeneous and smooth membranes with the formation of micropores was confirmed by SEM analysis. Miller Indices identified different types of crystal structures in XRD analysis. Antibacterial activity increased with the increase of the percentage of neem confirmed by the antibacterial test. No toxic effects were observed from the membrane during the cytotoxicity test. The obtained data confirmed that the synthesized nanomembrane could be used in different biomedical applications.
Graphene, a single particle thicker carbon layer with a hexagonal form, was successfully confined... more Graphene, a single particle thicker carbon layer with a hexagonal form, was successfully confined, and the potential electrical impact was observed in 2004. Since a surge in study interest has risen, concentrating on its one-of-a-kind semimetallic property ascribing to the intersection of the π and π* groups at the Fermi level at K and K′ focuses in reciprocal space. At energies around the decadence point, these bands are also directly dispersive, resulting in zero-mass quasiparticles (Diracfermions) linked to the equivalence of the two sublattices in the primitive unit cell of graphene. The electron's relativistic nature makes optimal transmission across high potential barriers possible (Klein paradox). As a response, graphene is frequently predicted to be the structural obstruct for future electrical devices. Future semiconductor industries could replace silicon because of its unique electrical and transport capabilities, but it lacks liveliness. For practical applications, the bandgap is a generous limitation. From the earliest starting point, it can be said that halting symmetry may be the most productive methodology to recognize bandgap tenability in graphene. As indicated by uniaxial or in-plane shear strain, the weak cross-section twisting of graphene has led some to believe that most stressed graphene has lost energy below 1eV. The limitations of the present work as well as future research directions were also discussed here. Theoretically, a sizeable band gap of ≥2 eV, tunable bandgap with the desired level, and low contact resistance in metal interfaces are still being explored. Nonetheless, they are less understood. Future studies can be carried out experimentally to resolve the constraints of semiconductors for their applications in a variety of fields.
Pasur river is one of the largest rivers in the World Heritage Sundarbans mangrove forest region ... more Pasur river is one of the largest rivers in the World Heritage Sundarbans mangrove forest region of the southwestern part of Bangladesh. Due to lack of alternative sources, more than 1 million inhabitants living in the Pasur river basin area rely heavily on the river water for domestic, irrigation, and industrial purposes without proper and reliable information on the water qualities and contamination types. The study aimed at evaluating the suitability and sustainability for irrigation and consumption practices, and suitable hydrogeochemical techniques and quality of Pasur river water of Sundarbon region of Bangladesh were investigated. Water samples were collected from six locations during pre-monsoon and post-monsoon seasons and assessed for suitability for drinking and irrigation application. The water quality index (WQI) was calculated to evaluate the suitability for drinking. WQI indicates that the river water samples during both the seasons are safe for drinking in the good c...
Natural fibers and reinforcing elements are gaining attention from academicians and researchers t... more Natural fibers and reinforcing elements are gaining attention from academicians and researchers to be utilized as the reinforcements in composites because of their environment friendly nature and sustainability. The aim of this study is to characterize and analyze the influence of eggshell particles on the mechanical, morphological and thermal properties of jute/cotton fiber reinforced epoxy composites. Composites were analyzed using UTM, SEM, XRD, UV, FTIR, and surface topology (2D and 3D). These experimental results show that addition of more eggshell particles increases the tensile strength but reduces the bending strength. Good thermal stability (300 °C) is obtained for the Jute/cotton/jute/cotton (JCJC) eggshell composites. SEM images confirmed the reinforcement of fibers in resins. FTIR data shows the presence of different active bands in JCJC eggshell composites. EDS analysis reveals the percentage of different compounds present in the composites. Absorption peaks are visualized by UV analysis in composites. The jute/cotton fiber reinforced epoxy composite without eggshell particles are also investigated for better understanding when eggshell particles are available. The findings experimentally prove that the produced composite can be used as an alternative to traditional materials. Beside this, the results of this study would be a noteworthy contribution for designing high performance bio-based composites over synthetic materials in numerous applications such as household products, vessels, and even in the aerospace industry.
This paper represents the corrosion behavior of silicon based ceramics that composed of silicon, ... more This paper represents the corrosion behavior of silicon based ceramics that composed of silicon, aluminum, magnesium and iron in NaOH and Azadirachta indica leaf juice to obtain suitable less corrosive solution. Four different solutions such as NaOH of Ph value of 12.65; Azadirachta indica leaf juice of Ph value of 4.15; 60% NaOH,40% Azadirachta indica leaf juice of Ph value of 8.3 and 40% NaOH ,60% Azadirachta indica leaf juice of Ph value of 7.7 are considered. Firstly the weights of the four samples are taken. Then they are kept in four different solutions for 30 days. Later the weight of each sample is measured and compared with the previous weight. Weights of the samples 1, 2 and 4 are increased about 0.08%, 0.24% and 0.03% respectively while weight of sample 3 is decreased 0.11%. Finally morphological analysis of the samples is performed by SEM to investigate the abnormality in sample's structure.
In industrial applications where contact behavior of materials is characterized, fretting-associa... more In industrial applications where contact behavior of materials is characterized, fretting-associated fatigue plays a vital role as a failure agitator. While considering connection, it encounters friction. Biomaterials like polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) and ultra-high-molecular-weight polyethylene (UHMWPE) are renowned for their low coefficient of friction and are utilized in sophisticated functions like the hip joint cup and other biomedical implants. In addition to the axial stresses, some degree of dynamic bending stress is also developed occasionally in those fretting contacts. This research investigated the fracture behavior of a polymer PTFE under bending fretting fatigue. Finite element analysis justified the experimental results. A mathematical model is proposed by developing an empirical equation for fracture characterization in polymers like PTFE. It was found that the bending stiffness exists below the loading point ratio (LPR) 3.0, near the collar section of the specimen...
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