A field experiment was conducted on ajwain plant to evaluate its behavior in saline soil in North... more A field experiment was conducted on ajwain plant to evaluate its behavior in saline soil in North Sinai, Egypt during 2010/2011 and 2011/1012 seasons. Morphological characters, yield and essential oil were studied. Plant height was superior under 6.72 ds/m (lower saline soils), while 10.48 ds/m (higher level) of salinity produced the highest values in number of branches, umbels /plant, weights of seeds and straw (g/plant), yield of straw (kg/feddan) as well as essential oil % of seeds and straw and yield of essential oil of straw. Maximum yield of seeds and essential oil was achieved with 9.32 ds/m. Concerning essential oil constituents, γ-terpinene was the major compound, followed by thymol and p-cymene was the third component in both seeds and straw. It was obviously that ajwain plants was tolerate to soil salinity and the maximum productivity of seeds, straw and essential oil was produced with high levels of salinity 9.32 and 10.48 ds/m, while the minimum one was obtained with lower levels 7.48 and 6.72 ds/m.
Aims: This experiment was carried out to study the effects of soil type and seasonal variation on... more Aims: This experiment was carried out to study the effects of soil type and seasonal variation on growth, yield, essential oil and artemisinin content of Artemisia annua plant.
This work investigates the phenolic, antioxidant capacity of crude extracts of eight Egyptian med... more This work investigates the phenolic, antioxidant capacity of crude extracts of eight Egyptian medicinal plants (Syrian oregano, marjoram, rosemary, lemongrass, thyme, yarrow, marigold and sweet wormwood) and estimates their activity against Listeria monocytogenes, one of the most virulent food borne pathogens. Antioxidant activity of Rosemary (70.6±1.65%) and thyme (70.8±1.72%) based on TBA assay was significantly higher compared to other plants and ascorbic acid. Rosemary was found to possess the best antilisterial activity with lowest MBC (8 µl/ml); while its total phenolic content (TPC) represented 69.73 ± 0.47 mg/g GAE. Thyme showed MBC of 46 µl/ml with TPC 96.85±0.56 mg/g GAE. Lemon grass and marigold showed considerable antilisterial activity (MBC 31, 46 µl/ml respectively), although they had lower phenolic contents and low thiobarbituric acid inhibition. Sweet wormwood, marjoram and yarrow were inactive against listeria. Rosemary and thyme appeared as possible alternatives for synthetic food additives and preservatives.
The antioxidant and insecticidal effects of three ginger extracts (water, ethanol, and acetone) w... more The antioxidant and insecticidal effects of three ginger extracts (water, ethanol, and acetone) was investigated employing different assay system. The total amount of phenolic compounds in each extract was determined as gallic acid equivalents and total flavonoid contents were calculated as quercetin equivalents from a calibration curve.
This investigation was conducted during two successive seasons (2010 and 2011) in the Experimenta... more This investigation was conducted during two successive seasons (2010 and 2011) in the Experimental Farm Station of the Faculty of Agriculture, Minufiya University, Shebin El-Kom, to optimize the use of Biofertilizers (Nitrobin, Rhizobacteren and Microbein) with or without different doses of Urea in the cultivation of lemongrass (Cymbopogon Citratus). Data clearly showed that, nitrogen as soil application and biofertilizers had a significant effect on vegetative growth characters. On the other hand, the interaction treatments between of N and biofertilizers led to significant increment for yield of essential oil compared to control during both seasons. Using 150 kg N/fed + 1 kg Microbein/fed gave the highest values of essential oil content in both seasons. Citral A (Geranial), was found to be the first major compound in the essential oil of Cymbopogon citratus and ranged from 34.85 to 42.74 %. Its maximum content was observed in the essential oil of the herb that received 75 kg N/fed with 1 kg Rhizobacteren /fed, followed by Citral B (Neral) which ranged from its maximum content (35.62%) with75 kg N/fed without biofertilizer to its minimum relative percent (27.56%) with150 kg N/fed with 1 kg Rhizobacteren /fed and β-Myrcene was identified as the third main constituent (3.42-10.58%). applications of biofertilizers with nitrogen fertilizers resulted in a significant effect of Polyphenol and flavonoid content in both seasons.
A field experiment was conducted to study the effect of soil salinity and amino acids application... more A field experiment was conducted to study the effect of soil salinity and amino acids application on the vegetative growth, flower yield, chemical compositions and essential oil production of Matricaria recutita L. during two seasons (2010/2011 and 2011/2012) at North Sinai Governorate, Egypt. Plant height, number of branches, fresh and dry flower yield and contents of chlorophyll a, b, and carotene were significantly lowered with the rise in salt stress. On the contrary, increasing soil salinity significantly increased proline, polyphenol and flavonoid content. Generally increasing salt stress increased essential oil percentage and yield (L/feddan). The addition of amino acids significantly increased plant height, number of branches, fresh and dry flower yield, chlorophyll a, proline and polyphenol and insignificantly in chlorophyll b, carotene, as well as significantly decreased flavonoid value. The interaction between highest level of salinity and high dose of amino acids gave the best results for plant height, number of branches as well as fresh and dry weights of flowers. Whereas, higher level of soil salinity without amino acids gave the highest values of essential oil % and yield. Highest chlorophyll a, b, and carotene content were recorded in lower saline soil with spraying amino acids 375 ppm. The maximum values of proline and polyphenol content were obtained from higher level of both salinity and amino acids. The highest content of total flavonoids resulted from the highest salt level without amino acids spray. Concerning essential oil constituents, α-bisabolol oxide A, α-bisabolol oxide B, cis-β-farnesene, and bisabolone oxide were the four major compounds. The combined treatment (11.28 ds/m + 250 ppm amino acids) gave the highest relative percent of α-bisabolol oxide A (56.48%), α-bisabolol oxide B (17.90%) and bisabolone oxide (14.90%)., while treatment (13.93 ds/m + 125 ppm amino acids) gave the highest percent (14.99%) of cis-β-farnesene.
The aim of this work was to (i) determine the chemical composition of the essential oils of six s... more The aim of this work was to (i) determine the chemical composition of the essential oils of six spices widely cultivated in Egypt (Origanum syriacum, Majorana hortensis, Rosmarinus officinalis, Cymbopogon citratus, Thymus vulgaris, and Artemisia annua); (ii) determine the antioxidant activity of the Egyptian essential oils by means of five different antioxidant tests; and (iii) determine the effectiveness of these essential oils on the inhibition of Listeria innocua CECT 910. There is a great variability in the chemical composition of essential oils obtained from the six Egyptian aromatic plants. Overall, thyme (highest percentage of inhibition of DPPH radical: 89.40%) and oregano (highest percentage of inhibition of TBARS: 85.79) essential oils presented the best antioxidant profiles, whereas marjoram, lemongrass, and artemisia were highly effective in metal chelating but had a pro-oxidative behavior by Rancimat induction test. Lemongrass essential oil showed the highest antibacterial activity against L. innocua with an inhibition zone of 49.00 mm, followed in effectiveness by thyme, marjoram, and oregano.
A field experiment was conducted on ajwain plant to evaluate its behavior in saline soil in North... more A field experiment was conducted on ajwain plant to evaluate its behavior in saline soil in North Sinai, Egypt during 2010/2011 and 2011/1012 seasons. Morphological characters, yield and essential oil were studied. Plant height was superior under 6.72 ds/m (lower saline soils), while 10.48 ds/m (higher level) of salinity produced the highest values in number of branches, umbels /plant, weights of seeds and straw (g/plant), yield of straw (kg/feddan) as well as essential oil % of seeds and straw and yield of essential oil of straw. Maximum yield of seeds and essential oil was achieved with 9.32 ds/m. Concerning essential oil constituents, γ-terpinene was the major compound, followed by thymol and p-cymene was the third component in both seeds and straw. It was obviously that ajwain plants was tolerate to soil salinity and the maximum productivity of seeds, straw and essential oil was produced with high levels of salinity 9.32 and 10.48 ds/m, while the minimum one was obtained with lower levels 7.48 and 6.72 ds/m.
Aims: This experiment was carried out to study the effects of soil type and seasonal variation on... more Aims: This experiment was carried out to study the effects of soil type and seasonal variation on growth, yield, essential oil and artemisinin content of Artemisia annua plant.
This work investigates the phenolic, antioxidant capacity of crude extracts of eight Egyptian med... more This work investigates the phenolic, antioxidant capacity of crude extracts of eight Egyptian medicinal plants (Syrian oregano, marjoram, rosemary, lemongrass, thyme, yarrow, marigold and sweet wormwood) and estimates their activity against Listeria monocytogenes, one of the most virulent food borne pathogens. Antioxidant activity of Rosemary (70.6±1.65%) and thyme (70.8±1.72%) based on TBA assay was significantly higher compared to other plants and ascorbic acid. Rosemary was found to possess the best antilisterial activity with lowest MBC (8 µl/ml); while its total phenolic content (TPC) represented 69.73 ± 0.47 mg/g GAE. Thyme showed MBC of 46 µl/ml with TPC 96.85±0.56 mg/g GAE. Lemon grass and marigold showed considerable antilisterial activity (MBC 31, 46 µl/ml respectively), although they had lower phenolic contents and low thiobarbituric acid inhibition. Sweet wormwood, marjoram and yarrow were inactive against listeria. Rosemary and thyme appeared as possible alternatives for synthetic food additives and preservatives.
The antioxidant and insecticidal effects of three ginger extracts (water, ethanol, and acetone) w... more The antioxidant and insecticidal effects of three ginger extracts (water, ethanol, and acetone) was investigated employing different assay system. The total amount of phenolic compounds in each extract was determined as gallic acid equivalents and total flavonoid contents were calculated as quercetin equivalents from a calibration curve.
This investigation was conducted during two successive seasons (2010 and 2011) in the Experimenta... more This investigation was conducted during two successive seasons (2010 and 2011) in the Experimental Farm Station of the Faculty of Agriculture, Minufiya University, Shebin El-Kom, to optimize the use of Biofertilizers (Nitrobin, Rhizobacteren and Microbein) with or without different doses of Urea in the cultivation of lemongrass (Cymbopogon Citratus). Data clearly showed that, nitrogen as soil application and biofertilizers had a significant effect on vegetative growth characters. On the other hand, the interaction treatments between of N and biofertilizers led to significant increment for yield of essential oil compared to control during both seasons. Using 150 kg N/fed + 1 kg Microbein/fed gave the highest values of essential oil content in both seasons. Citral A (Geranial), was found to be the first major compound in the essential oil of Cymbopogon citratus and ranged from 34.85 to 42.74 %. Its maximum content was observed in the essential oil of the herb that received 75 kg N/fed with 1 kg Rhizobacteren /fed, followed by Citral B (Neral) which ranged from its maximum content (35.62%) with75 kg N/fed without biofertilizer to its minimum relative percent (27.56%) with150 kg N/fed with 1 kg Rhizobacteren /fed and β-Myrcene was identified as the third main constituent (3.42-10.58%). applications of biofertilizers with nitrogen fertilizers resulted in a significant effect of Polyphenol and flavonoid content in both seasons.
A field experiment was conducted to study the effect of soil salinity and amino acids application... more A field experiment was conducted to study the effect of soil salinity and amino acids application on the vegetative growth, flower yield, chemical compositions and essential oil production of Matricaria recutita L. during two seasons (2010/2011 and 2011/2012) at North Sinai Governorate, Egypt. Plant height, number of branches, fresh and dry flower yield and contents of chlorophyll a, b, and carotene were significantly lowered with the rise in salt stress. On the contrary, increasing soil salinity significantly increased proline, polyphenol and flavonoid content. Generally increasing salt stress increased essential oil percentage and yield (L/feddan). The addition of amino acids significantly increased plant height, number of branches, fresh and dry flower yield, chlorophyll a, proline and polyphenol and insignificantly in chlorophyll b, carotene, as well as significantly decreased flavonoid value. The interaction between highest level of salinity and high dose of amino acids gave the best results for plant height, number of branches as well as fresh and dry weights of flowers. Whereas, higher level of soil salinity without amino acids gave the highest values of essential oil % and yield. Highest chlorophyll a, b, and carotene content were recorded in lower saline soil with spraying amino acids 375 ppm. The maximum values of proline and polyphenol content were obtained from higher level of both salinity and amino acids. The highest content of total flavonoids resulted from the highest salt level without amino acids spray. Concerning essential oil constituents, α-bisabolol oxide A, α-bisabolol oxide B, cis-β-farnesene, and bisabolone oxide were the four major compounds. The combined treatment (11.28 ds/m + 250 ppm amino acids) gave the highest relative percent of α-bisabolol oxide A (56.48%), α-bisabolol oxide B (17.90%) and bisabolone oxide (14.90%)., while treatment (13.93 ds/m + 125 ppm amino acids) gave the highest percent (14.99%) of cis-β-farnesene.
The aim of this work was to (i) determine the chemical composition of the essential oils of six s... more The aim of this work was to (i) determine the chemical composition of the essential oils of six spices widely cultivated in Egypt (Origanum syriacum, Majorana hortensis, Rosmarinus officinalis, Cymbopogon citratus, Thymus vulgaris, and Artemisia annua); (ii) determine the antioxidant activity of the Egyptian essential oils by means of five different antioxidant tests; and (iii) determine the effectiveness of these essential oils on the inhibition of Listeria innocua CECT 910. There is a great variability in the chemical composition of essential oils obtained from the six Egyptian aromatic plants. Overall, thyme (highest percentage of inhibition of DPPH radical: 89.40%) and oregano (highest percentage of inhibition of TBARS: 85.79) essential oils presented the best antioxidant profiles, whereas marjoram, lemongrass, and artemisia were highly effective in metal chelating but had a pro-oxidative behavior by Rancimat induction test. Lemongrass essential oil showed the highest antibacterial activity against L. innocua with an inhibition zone of 49.00 mm, followed in effectiveness by thyme, marjoram, and oregano.
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