Papers by Muhammad haris Naeem
Policy Perspectives
Renewable energy improves energy security, provides reliable power supply, and ensures fuel diver... more Renewable energy improves energy security, provides reliable power supply, and ensures fuel diversification. It also offers a solution to the problem of circular debt which has lately become a major concern for the power sector of Pakistan. At present, the share of renewable energy resources in the energy mix is significantly low and the Government of Pakistan (GoP) is urging the drivers and enablers to boost clean and green energy generation and distribution. The power sector, especially the distribution companies, are facing numerous issues in transmission and distribution of power, and recovery of losses. Distributed generation (DG) can play a vital role in overcoming these issues. The effectiveness of solar PV systems, the active role of the capital market, and environmental concerns are among the major factors that prompt the adoption of net-metered solar systems. Apart from traditional alternate energy sources through sunlight and wind, Pakistan has enormous potential for biom...
Case Studies in Construction Materials
2021 International Conference on Engineering and Emerging Technologies (ICEET), 2021
Cyber security has become a foremost concern for the latest generation of aircraft. While the imp... more Cyber security has become a foremost concern for the latest generation of aircraft. While the improved connectivity of airborne elements has enabled new efficiencies and capabilities, it has also exposed the avionics communication network to targeted cyber-attacks. These attacks pose a major challenge to the security of aircraft network and may compromise flight-critical operations. Furthermore, the probability of new improvised attacks is constantly growing with the introduction of modern state-of-the-art systems and services. In order to address this threat, we propose an anomaly-based network intrusion detection system (NIDS). This paper presents an IDS framework which includes the monitoring and acquisition of network traffic data from an Ethernet-based avionics communication bus in real-time. Furthermore, the attack traffic was simulated offline to imitate the real threat scenario. This manuscript evaluates the effectiveness of different machine learning (ML) algorithms for the detection of cyber-attacks.
Nano Letters, 2021
Phase transformation is an effective means to increase the ductility of a material. However, even... more Phase transformation is an effective means to increase the ductility of a material. However, even for a commonly observed face-centered-cubic to hexagonal-close-packed (fcc-tohcp) phase transformation, the underlying mechanisms are far from being settled. In fact, different transformation pathways have been proposed, especially with regard to nucleation of the hcp phase at the nanoscale. In CrCoNi, a so-called medium-entropy alloy, an fccto-hcp phase transformation has long been anticipated. Here, we report an in situ loading study with neutron diffraction, which revealed a bulk fcc-to-hcp phase transformation in CrCoNi at 15 K under tensile loading. By correlating deformation characteristics of the fcc phase with the development of the hcp phase, it is shown that the nucleation of the hcp phase was triggered by intrinsic stacking faults. The confirmation of a bulk phase transformation adds to the myriads of deformation mechanisms available in CrCoNi, which together underpin the unusually large ductility at low temperatures.
Science Advances, 2020
In situ neutron diffraction revealed a unique deformation pathway in high-entropy alloys with unu... more In situ neutron diffraction revealed a unique deformation pathway in high-entropy alloys with unusually large ductility at 15 K.
Scripta Materialia, 2020
The deformation behavior of CrMnFeCoNi high entropy alloy was investigated by in situ neutron dif... more The deformation behavior of CrMnFeCoNi high entropy alloy was investigated by in situ neutron diffraction at an ultralow temperature of 15 K. Analysis of the diffraction peak widths showed an extremely high dislocation density at 15 K, reaching ~10 16 m −2. In addition, the dislocation density was found to closely follow the development of texture caused by deformation. In contrast to deformation by dislocation slip at room temperature, the ultralow-temperature deformation also involved stacking faults, twinning and serrations. The deformation pathway at ultralow temperature is outlined which is responsible for the extraordinary strength-ductility combination.
Materials Science and Engineering: A, 2020
This is a PDF file of an article that has undergone enhancements after acceptance, such as the ad... more This is a PDF file of an article that has undergone enhancements after acceptance, such as the addition of a cover page and metadata, and formatting for readability, but it is not yet the definitive version of record. This version will undergo additional copyediting, typesetting and review before it is published in its final form, but we are providing this version to give early visibility of the article. Please note that, during the production process, errors may be discovered which could affect the content, and all legal disclaimers that apply to the journal pertain.
Materials Research Express, 2018
In this work, we study the structural, martensitic and magnetic characteristics of all-d-metal Ni... more In this work, we study the structural, martensitic and magnetic characteristics of all-d-metal Ni35−x Mn35+x Co15Ti15 (x = 0, 1, 2, 3) alloys. The x-ray diffraction analysis confirms that the alloy system crystallizes as 5 M modulated and L10 non-modulated martensite with a small fraction of B2 austenite phase for x = 0. The proportion of austenite phase increases while the martensite phase decreases with increase in x, and B2 austenite phase becomes dominant for x = 3. Large endothermic/exothermic peaks with distinct thermal hysteresis in differential scanning calorimetry analysis indicate the martensitic/reverse martensitic transformations. The martensitic transformation temperature decreases considerably with increase in x. Thermal magnetization (M-T) curves show an abrupt variation in magnetization from weak magnetic martensite to ferromagnetic austenite near martensitic transformation temperature. M(H) loops measured at room temperature confirm the ferromagnetic behaviour of all the prepared samples. Isothermal magnetization (M-H) curves of Ni34Mn36Co15Ti15 at various temperatures show that the magnetic field can induce the magnetostructural transformation in this alloy. A magnetic entropy change of 11.3 J K−1 kg−1 is observed at room temperature (290 K) in Ni34Mn36Co15Ti15 alloy.
Journal of the Pakistan Dental Association, 2019
Supplementary local anesthetic techniques (Buccal Infiltration and Intraligamentary Injections) a... more Supplementary local anesthetic techniques (Buccal Infiltration and Intraligamentary Injections) are used to achieve adequate pulpal anesthesia by supplementing the initial Inferior Alveolar Nerve Block (IANB). There was no study found in Pakistani literature which compared these two supplemental techniques with 2% Lidocaine. This study was conducted to compare the frequency of success of buccal infiltration verses intraligamentary local anesthetic techniques with 2% Lidocaine in patients with irreversible pulpitis. METHODOLOGY: This randomized control trial was conducted in the Department of Operative Dentistry, at Fatima Memoial Hospital, Lahore from August 2017 to June 2018. A total of 82 patients presented with irreversible pulpitis in mandibular first molar were included in this study and divided in two groups of 41. Group A were administered Buccal Infiltration local anesthesia while Group B was administered Intraligamentary local anesthesia. RESULTS: The results of the present study showed significant difference between success rate of Buccal Infiltration (34.1%) and intraligamentary anesthetic technique (65.9%) with 2% Lidocaine.(p-value = 0.039). CONCLUSION: This study concluded that Intraligamentary is a better supplementary technique to achieve adequate pulpal anesthesia as compared to buccal infiltration with 2% lidocaine in mandibular molar teeth with irreversible pulpitis.
Journal of Alloys and Compounds, 2018
We have studied the crystallization kinetics of Ca 40 Mg 25 Cu 35 bulk metallic glass under isoth... more We have studied the crystallization kinetics of Ca 40 Mg 25 Cu 35 bulk metallic glass under isothermal annealing in the supercooled liquid region, with and without applied stress, by in-situ high-energy synchrotron x-ray diffraction. We observed that without stress, crystallization started from the very beginning of isothermal annealing. However, when a uniaxial compressive stress was applied during isothermal annealing, no change in atomic order was observed at the beginning. Thereafter, the glassy structure relaxed, but still without noticeable evidence of crystallization. It is suggested that the applied compressive stress restricted the atomic mobility, which suppressed crystallization.
Scripta Materialia, 2018
The deformation behavior of an equi-atomic face-centered-cubic CoCrFeNi high entropy alloy was in... more The deformation behavior of an equi-atomic face-centered-cubic CoCrFeNi high entropy alloy was investigated by in-situ neutron diffraction under tensile loading up to 40% applied strain. A three-stage deformation behavior was fully captured by lattice strain and texture evolution. In spite of the chemical complexity, the deformation in CoCrFeNi is dominated by dislocation activities. Analysis of diffraction and microscopy data shows that the deformation progresses from dislocation slip to severe entanglement, where a sharp increase in dislocation density was observed. The neutron diffraction data, corroborated by transmission electron microscopy analysis, provided microscopic insights of the previously reported three-stage hardening behavior.
Environmental science and pollution research international, Jan 24, 2018
Plants in Brassica genus have been found to possess strong allelopathic potential. They may inhib... more Plants in Brassica genus have been found to possess strong allelopathic potential. They may inhibit seed germination and emergence of subsequent crops following them in a rotation system. Series of laboratory and greenhouse experiments were conducted to determine the allelopathic impacts of Brassica napus L. against mung bean. We studied (1) the effects of aqueous extract (5%) of different plant parts (root, stem, leaf, flower, and whole plant) of B. napus, (2) the effects of leaf and flower extracts of B. napus at 0, 1, 2, 3, and 4% concentrations, and (3) the effect of residues of different B. napus plant parts and decomposition periods (0, 7, 14, and 21 days) on germination and seedling growth of mung bean. Various types of phenolics including quercitin, chlorogenic acid, p-coumeric acid, m-coumaric acid, benzoic acid, caffeic acid, syringic acid, vanillic acid, ferulic acid, cinamic acid, and gallic acid were identified in plant parts of B. napus. Among aqueous extracts of vario...
Neuropsychiatric Disease and Treatment, 2016
Introduction: Parkinson's disease (PD) occurs in all races and cultures, and population-related d... more Introduction: Parkinson's disease (PD) occurs in all races and cultures, and population-related differences in frequency may provide etiological clues. The present study was designed to explore the prevalence of PD and Parkinsonism in Pakistan, the world's sixth most populous country, for which no published prevalence data are available. Methods: We conducted a three-phase door-to-door survey in two districts of the Khyber Pakhtunkhwa province of Pakistan, to assess the prevalence of PD and Parkinsonism in a sample of 4,000 individuals aged 50 years and above. Results: We identified 14 cases of Parkinsonism, eleven with a diagnosis of idiopathic PD. The overall prevalence estimates were 1.7/100 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.9−2.46) for Parkinsonism and 1.28/100 (95% CI: 0.6−1.94) for PD in persons aged 65 years and above. The age-standardized prevalence of PD (aged 65 years and above), normalized to the USA population in 2000, was 1.33/100, which is similar to that observed in other human populations. Of the total 14 cases, five were newly diagnosed and four had a family history of PD. Conclusion: The estimated prevalence rates in Pakistan are similar to those observed in other human populations. The frequency of familial Parkinsonism is also equivalent to previous estimates.
Saudi Medical Journal, May 1, 2010
ABSTRACT To investigate and prove that Aspirin as an antioxidant protects, or at least attenuates... more ABSTRACT To investigate and prove that Aspirin as an antioxidant protects, or at least attenuates Gentamicin ototoxicity in humans. A prospective, randomized, double-blind trial was conducted in 60 patients that completed all requirements. This study was conducted in the Department of Otolaryngology and Orthopedics, Besat Hospital, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran, between December 2007 and November 2008. The patients were divided into 2 groups, the experimental and the control groups that were similar with respect to gender, age, and weight. The treatment group received 1.5 g/day (500 mg every 8 hours) Aspirin, and the control group received placebo similar to the other group. Comparison of the pure tone audiometry (PTA) at 1000 Hertz (Hz) (p=0.03), 2000 Hz (p=0.003), 4000 Hz (p=0.001), and 8000 Hz (p=0.0010) showed significant differences between mean of PTA at the beginning, 8th, and 15th day. The threshold of PTA at 250 Hz was significantly different only at the 8th and 15th day (p=0.004), also at the frequency of 500 Hz, the difference between the beginning within 15th day and 8th day with 15th day was significant (p=0.001). In the present study, we had shown that Aspirin can protect the ototoxic effect of gentamicin in patients.
Mononuclear phagocytic system causes the elimination of platelets with the help of antibodies and... more Mononuclear phagocytic system causes the elimination of platelets with the help of antibodies and as result immune mediated thrombocytopenia (IMT), which there is activation of auto-or allo-antiglobulins against thrombocytes leads to its premature destruction by macrophagic engulfment in dogs. Immune system due to presence of other disorder my cause the destruction of platelets so by confirming the absence of secondary disorder is an evidence that immune system is responsible for causing destruction of platelets and this type of thrombocytopenia is primary immune mediated thrombocytopenia and it can be treated by suppressing immune system with the help of immune suppressive therapy while the thrombocytopenia caused by presence of any other disorder is secondary immune mediated thrombocytopenia which can be treated by removing that disorder which is responsible or due to which this type of immune mediated thrombocytopenia has been occurred or we can also give immune suppressive drug....
Biologia (Lahore, Pakistan)
The biosorption of mercury [Hg (II)] ions by using dead biomass of green alga, Oedogonium urceola... more The biosorption of mercury [Hg (II)] ions by using dead biomass of green alga, Oedogonium urceolatum was studied. Effects of various physico-chemical parameters were also determined, such as algal dose, contact time, pH and initial metal ion concentration in a batch system. Optimum biosorption was recorded at 300mg/L of initial metal ion concentration and 0.3g/L of biomass concentration. Contact time required to achieve optimum biosorption was 90 minutes and optimum pH was recorded as 4. Optimum value for the removal of Hg +2 was found to be 375 mg/g. Various adsorption isotherms were employed to analyze the experimental data of which Langmuir isotherm was found most suitable, showing monolayer adsorption. Pseudo-second order model was found suitable for the kinetic interpretation of the data. Analysis of Fourier Transform Infra-Red Spectroscopy (FTIR) spectra indicated the role of electronegative functional groups on algal surface responsible for binding of Hg (II) ions.
In this paper, we are proposing new web based Student Annual Review Information System (SARIS) an... more In this paper, we are proposing new web based Student Annual Review Information System (SARIS) and prediction method for the success of scholar students to China Scholarship Council(CSC). The main objective of developing this system is to save the cost of paper, to reduce the risk of data loss, to decrease the processing time, to reduce the delay in finding for the successful students. The proposed system and prediction method is intended to be used by China Scholarship Council; however SARIS and prediction method are quite generic and can be used by other scholarship agencies.
Materials Chemistry and Physics, 2011
In the present work, sand-blasting has successfully been used for inducing plasticity in as cast ... more In the present work, sand-blasting has successfully been used for inducing plasticity in as cast Zr 58.3 Cu 18.8 Al 14.6 Ni 8.3 bulk metallic glass (BMG). The as-cast BMG sample was blasted for 1, 2, 3, 4 and 5 min. A considerable large plasticity was achieved in the samples blasted for 4 and 5 min without loosing their intrinsic strength. It was observed that there exists a threshold amount of pre-straining required for the generation and intersection of multiple shear bands useful for enhancing plasticity.
Journal of Propulsion and Power, 2008
H IGH-PERFORMANCE aircraft used in modern aviation, especially for military purposes, are complex... more H IGH-PERFORMANCE aircraft used in modern aviation, especially for military purposes, are complex in design and are required to operate under severe stresses and temperatures [1]. Thus, designer and users of these aircraft continually seek greater reliability, increased availability, enhanced performance, improved safety, and low life-cycle costs. Any extensions of the life expectations of aeroengines directly lower the life-cycle cost and depend upon the types of mission undertaken, operating conditions experienced, and rate of in-service engine deterioration. Significant adverse effects of in-service aeroengine deterioration have been already established by earlier investigations [2–4]. However, as the result of a comprehensive literature review, it was realized that in addition to aeroengine deterioration, the condition of incoming airstream is also expected to have significant effects on an aeroengine’s overall performance. In a country such as Pakistan, variation of day temperature over the year (i.e., from 0 to 50 C) significantly alters the condition of the incoming airstream. Any change in day temperature affects the quality of the incoming airstream for aeroengine operation as well as that of the air surrounding the air vehicles, thereby affecting the performance of both by altering atmospheric and aerodynamic characteristics [5]. As a result, an aeroengine will seek a different steady operating point, thereby resulting in a variation of the high-pressure spool speed (HS) for providing the same thrust to keep the aircraft’s performance invariant. Any rise in the HS results in greater low-cycle-fatigue (LCF) damage for the hot-end components and thereby higher engine life-cycle costs. Possessing a better knowledge of the impacts of day temperature upon the LCF life consumption of an aeroengine’s hot-end components helps the users to take wiser management decisions. Hence, this investigation was undertaken. There are many components in an aeroengine, but its performance is highly sensitive to changes in only a few. Among these, the highpressure turbine (HPT) blades are the most sensitive components, because they are subjected to both the highest rotating speeds and gas temperatures [2], and so they were selected for the present investigation.
Journal of Medicinal Plants Research, 2012
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Papers by Muhammad haris Naeem