This study was carried out to report on the factors promoting nursing students’ stress and their ... more This study was carried out to report on the factors promoting nursing students’ stress and their strategies to cope up with the stress situation. Questionnaires were manually distributed to first-year, second-year, third-year, and intern students to check their stress level. The sample was composed of 75 nursing students. Items were rated on a five-point Likert Scale. Stress among nursing students and interns was measured using the Perceived Stress Scale (PSS) and Coping Behavior Inventory (CBI). The researchers also gathered data through open-ended questions from 18 intern nursing students. These students were at the completion of their course. This study addresses key issues that will be of interest and benefit to nursing schools that want to tackle and remove the problems of stress among nursing students. It discusses the importance of providing a good environment to students promoting a favorable study experience. This experience may be enhanced by assigning different duties to ...
Beyond the research literature and studies, job satisfaction is really considered a need. This is... more Beyond the research literature and studies, job satisfaction is really considered a need. This issue is addressed on the basis of multifarious aspects of job satisfaction, which covers, salary, healthy growth of an organization, promotional techniques, and implementation of objectives, emotion regulation of employees, productivity, efficiency, turnover etc. These are found vital for the concern of job satisfaction. This is mainly due to the fact, many experts believe that, presence of job satisfaction can obviate the obnoxious environment and can result in overall development of an organization. The study is descriptive in nature and the data has been collected through a self designed questionnaire administered to 200 employees who are employed in different branches of public and private sector commercial banks. The Canara Bank was chosen to represent the public sector banks while from the private sector banks, ICICI Bank was chosen. One hundred two employees responded to the questionnaires. Out of which only 91 respondents gave correct feedback. Likert’s five point scale was used to determine the job satisfaction level of the respondents regarding salary and promotion. The respondents have been from top and middle management to lower level management. Overall, the present study reveals that employees need to be satisfied with their job to overcome the situation of absenteeism, role conflict, job induced tension, negative intention to leave the job and discrimination against them.
Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture, 1991
Processing of maize (Zea mays L fresh and dry) for the production of various traditional products... more Processing of maize (Zea mays L fresh and dry) for the production of various traditional products results in the loss of phytic acid. Fresh mature corn contains less phytic acid (1.71 g kg-') than dry corn (7.15-7.60 g kg-I). The loss of phytic acid varies from 18.1 to 46.7 % for fresh maize and from 11-5 to 52.6 % for dry maize respectively among the heat treatments given. From a nutritional viewpoint, consumption of maize as chapati and after roasting in a sand bath or on charcoal will improue the availubility of minerals.
Free amino acids content of eight Pakistani amino acids. Glutamic acid, aspartic acid, phewheat v... more Free amino acids content of eight Pakistani amino acids. Glutamic acid, aspartic acid, phewheat varieties has been determined by paper nylalanine, cystine, tyrosine, and valine are comchromatography. In all, 13 amino acids have been mon to all varieties. Nortino ...
Koerwer, J. F. (to Union Carbide Corp.) Canadian Patent ... Leonard, NJ; Paukstelis, JVJ Org. Che... more Koerwer, J. F. (to Union Carbide Corp.) Canadian Patent ... Leonard, NJ; Paukstelis, JVJ Org. Chem. 1963, 28, 3021. Martin, D.; Graubaum, H. J. Prakt. Chem. 1979, 321(2), 315. Payne, LK, Jr. (Union Carbide Corp., South Charleston, WV), ... Pellizzari, G.; Gaiter, A. ...
The formation of a tertiary carbonium ion is the driving force of this hydrolysis. Replacement of... more The formation of a tertiary carbonium ion is the driving force of this hydrolysis. Replacement of the carbonyl by a thiocarbonyl group appears to enhance the rate of dissociation, since 4 was found to be very unstable.
Charalambous, G., Inglett, G., Eds.; Academic: New York, 1984; VOl. 2. Rouseff, RL; Fisher, JF; N... more Charalambous, G., Inglett, G., Eds.; Academic: New York, 1984; VOl. 2. Rouseff, RL; Fisher, JF; Nagy, S. HPLC Separation and Spectral Characterization of Browning Pigments in Canned and Glass-Packed Grapefruit Juices. 38th Annual Citrus Processors Meeting, Lake ...
International Journal of Food Science & Technology, 2007
A rapid batter expansion method has been described for testing the quality of wheat flour. Batter... more A rapid batter expansion method has been described for testing the quality of wheat flour. Batter is prepared by thoroughly mixing wheat flour, baking powder and water which is then transferred to a graduated cylinder. The cylinder is kept in water bath at 40°C and the reading at the maximum expansion is noted down. It has been observed that the batter collapses after reading the maximum expansion, and leaves a mark on the cylinder which also helps in reading the maximum expansion. The results indicate that the batter expansion is highly correlated with bread volume and protein content.
Advances in crop breeding techniques and economic evaluation are critical to ensuring and improvi... more Advances in crop breeding techniques and economic evaluation are critical to ensuring and improving crop yields and sustainable development. Based on the provincial data on food legumes breeding (FLB) in China from 2001 to 2020, the research and development (R&D) expenditure distribution, FLB contribution rate, and R&D expenditure on FLB were estimated. The economic benefits of output per unit area and R&D expenses were evaluated, and relevant policy suggestions were put forward. The study found that: (i) the R&D expenditure on FLB’s showed a significant upward trend, and the development can be divided into a starting, stable, and rapid growth period. There were significant differences in R&D expenditures across eight provinces of China with relatively high R&D expenditures for FLB; (ii) the R&D expenditure on FLB had a significant lag in the improvement of per mu yield (1 mu = 0.067 hectares). For every 10,000 yuan increase in R&D funding for FLB, the yield per mu will increase by ...
The development of introduced pulse varieties has made valuable contributions to the development ... more The development of introduced pulse varieties has made valuable contributions to the development of the global agricultural industry, and China is one of the largest pulse producers in the international market. A special type of pulse, the red kidney bean, has made a major contribution to improving the rural economy. Taking Kelan County, Shanxi Province, as an example, this paper expounds on the formation of the kidney bean industry and its impact on local development. The existing research used a qualitative case study (QCS) method to examine the driver and impact of kidney beans in the agricultural industry. This study found that (1) the development of the kidney bean industry has benefited from its adherence to a market demand-oriented strategy, focusing on breeding and retaining excellent varieties, and vigorously supporting the construction of technical systems and the cultivation of the main body of the industrial chain. Developing new varieties, creating brands, and industria...
International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health
Honeybee pollination plays a significant role in sustaining the balance and biodiversity of susta... more Honeybee pollination plays a significant role in sustaining the balance and biodiversity of sustainable rural development, agricultural production, and environments. However, little research has been carried out on the agricultural and economic benefits of pollination, especially for small farmers. This study investigated the adoption of honeybee pollination and its impact on farmers’ economic value using primary data from 186 kiwifruit farmers in three major producing districts, such as Pujiang, Cangxi, and Dujiangyan, in the Sichuan province of China. This study was conducted in two different steps: first, we used a bivariate probit model to estimate factors influencing honeybee pollination and artificial pollination adoption; second, we further used the Dynamic Research Assessment Management (DREAM) approach to analyze the influence of the adopted honeybee pollination economic impact. The results showed that: (1) growers with higher social capital, proxied by political affiliatio...
The adoption of mobile Internet technology (MIT) in organizational systems is rapidly increasing.... more The adoption of mobile Internet technology (MIT) in organizational systems is rapidly increasing. MIT has developed agricultural structures and dramatically altered farming activities to improve agricultural systems. MIT is considered one of the most essential technologies because of its huge impact on agriculture, economy, and our daily lives. In this study, we utilized sample data from 460 wheat growers in the Khyber Pakhtunkhwa (KP) province of Pakistan to analyze the adoption of MIT and its impact on the promotion of wheat productivity. This study used the propensity score matching (PSM) technique to address probable self-selection bias. Existing research outcomes show that decision making, education, farm size, cooperative membership, gender, extension services, access to credit, weather forecast information, risk perception, market distance, and other factors significantly affect productivity and subsidy awareness agendas. However, outcomes signify that MIT adoption will have ...
Mobile internet technology (MIT) is considered a significant advancement in information and commu... more Mobile internet technology (MIT) is considered a significant advancement in information and communication technology (ICT), due to its crucial impact on the financial system and social life. In addition, it is an essential technology to overcome the digital divide between urban and rural areas. In terms of agricultural advancement, MIT can play a key role in data collection and the implementation of smart agricultural technologies. The main objectives of this study were to (i) investigate MIT adoption and use in sustainable agriculture development among selected wheat farmers of Pakistan and (ii) examine the crucial factors influencing MIT adoption. This study selected 628 wheat farmers from four districts of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Province (KPK), Pakistan, for sampling. This study used a bivariate probit method for sampling wheat farmers. The analysis of wheat farmer’s data showed farmer’s age, farm size, farm location, and knowledge about Internet technology (IT) are strongly correlat...
Global climate change may result in major environmental issues that have already affected and wil... more Global climate change may result in major environmental issues that have already affected and will continue to affect agricultural sector in the future. A continuing effort to utilize and adopt new agricultural technologies is necessary to mitigate climate change and increase agricultural income. Agricultural cooperatives are gradually being used in emerging countries to encourage improved technology and reduce food insecurity and poverty. This research analyses the influence of cooperative supports (CS) and technology adoption (TA) on agricultural income in Pakistan. It applied the propensity score matching (PSM) technique to evaluate the productivity on survey data from 498 wheat growers to conduct counterfactual analysis for farmers in Pakistan. In addition, a dual selection model (DSM) was applied to resolve the bias in sample selection caused by observed and unobserved aspects of survey data. The results showed that, contrasted with non-membership and non-adopters, growers who ...
The agricultural industry is getting more data-centric and requires precise, more advanced data a... more The agricultural industry is getting more data-centric and requires precise, more advanced data and technologies than before, despite being familiar with agricultural processes. The agriculture industry is being advanced by various information and advanced communication technologies, such as the Internet of Things (IoT). The rapid emergence of these advanced technologies has restructured almost all other industries, as well as advanced agriculture, which has shifted the industry from a statistical approach to a quantitative one. This radical change has shaken existing farming techniques and produced the latest prospects in a series of challenges. This comprehensive review article enlightens the potential of the IoT in the advancement of agriculture and the challenges faced when combining these advanced technologies with conventional agricultural systems. A brief analysis of these advanced technologies with sensors is presented in advanced agricultural applications. Numerous sensors ...
Advanced technologies and innovation are essential for promoting sustainable food systems (SFSs) ... more Advanced technologies and innovation are essential for promoting sustainable food systems (SFSs) because these technologies can be used to answer some of the critical questions needed to transform SFSs and help us better understand global food security and nutrition. The main objective of this study is to address the question of whether technological innovations have an impact on the transformation of SFSs. There are certain innovations including agricultural land utilization, food processing, production systems, improvement in diets according to people’s needs, and management of waste products. This study provides an overview of new technologies and innovations being used with potential to transform SFSs. Applications of emerging technologies in digital agriculture, including the Internet of Things (IoT), artificial intelligence and machine learning, drones, use of new physical systems (e.g., advanced robotics, autonomous vehicles, advanced materials), and gene technology (e.g., bi...
Increasing agricultural production and optimizing inorganic fertilizer (IF) use are imperative fo... more Increasing agricultural production and optimizing inorganic fertilizer (IF) use are imperative for agricultural and environmental sustainability. Mobile phone usage (MPU) has the potential to reduce IF application while ensuring environmental and agricultural sustainability goals. The main objectives of this study were to assess MPU, mobile phone promotion policy, and whether the mediation role of human capital can help reduce IF use. This study used baseline regression analysis and propensity score matching, difference-in-differences (PSM-DID) to assess the impact of MPU on IF usage. However, the two-stage instrumental variables method (IVM) was used to study the effects of mobile phone promotion policy on IF usage. This study used a national dataset from 7987 rural households in Afghanistan to investigate the impacts of MPU and associated promotion policies on IF application. The baseline regression outcomes showed that the MPU significantly reduced IF usage. The evaluation mechan...
International Journal of Agricultural Extension, 2020
The agricultural sector worldwide is facing many issues relating to crop productivity due to the ... more The agricultural sector worldwide is facing many issues relating to crop productivity due to the lack of communication between extension workers and farmers. To reduce this gap, information technology like mobile phones are one of the essential communication devices in numerous fields as well as agriculture. This review aims to analyze mobile phone usage in agricultural modernization and rural development. The advancement of the agricultural sector in rural areas is essential for reducing poverty among growers. As we all know, agricultural activities provide employment opportunities and generate income in rural areas. Poverty can be decreased by advancement in the agriculture sector for better production. Agriculture production, socioeconomic conditions, and food security can be improved by increasing the usage of mobile phones for easy and accurate agricultural knowledge sharing to the farming community.
Streptomyces scabies is a Gram-positive bacterial pathogen that causes common scab disease to sev... more Streptomyces scabies is a Gram-positive bacterial pathogen that causes common scab disease to several crops, particularly in the potato. It is a soil borne pathogen, a very devastating scab pathogen and difficult to manage in the field. Streptomyces has several species that cause common scab such as S. scabiei, S. acidiscabies, S. europaeiscabiei, S. luridiscabiei, S. niveiscabiei, S. puniciscabiei, S. reticuliscabiei, S. stelliscabiei, S. turgidiscabies, S. ipomoeae. Common scab disease harmfully affects potato economic and market value due to the presence of black spots on the tuber. Owing to its genetic diversity and pathogenicity, the determination of pathogen presence in potato fields is still challenging. In this study, S. scabies genetic diversity was measured by surveying five potato-growing areas of Pakistan during the growing season 2019. A total of 50 Streptomyces isolates, including S. scabies, S. acidiscabies, S. griseoflavus were isolated and identified based on morpho...
This study was carried out to report on the factors promoting nursing students’ stress and their ... more This study was carried out to report on the factors promoting nursing students’ stress and their strategies to cope up with the stress situation. Questionnaires were manually distributed to first-year, second-year, third-year, and intern students to check their stress level. The sample was composed of 75 nursing students. Items were rated on a five-point Likert Scale. Stress among nursing students and interns was measured using the Perceived Stress Scale (PSS) and Coping Behavior Inventory (CBI). The researchers also gathered data through open-ended questions from 18 intern nursing students. These students were at the completion of their course. This study addresses key issues that will be of interest and benefit to nursing schools that want to tackle and remove the problems of stress among nursing students. It discusses the importance of providing a good environment to students promoting a favorable study experience. This experience may be enhanced by assigning different duties to ...
Beyond the research literature and studies, job satisfaction is really considered a need. This is... more Beyond the research literature and studies, job satisfaction is really considered a need. This issue is addressed on the basis of multifarious aspects of job satisfaction, which covers, salary, healthy growth of an organization, promotional techniques, and implementation of objectives, emotion regulation of employees, productivity, efficiency, turnover etc. These are found vital for the concern of job satisfaction. This is mainly due to the fact, many experts believe that, presence of job satisfaction can obviate the obnoxious environment and can result in overall development of an organization. The study is descriptive in nature and the data has been collected through a self designed questionnaire administered to 200 employees who are employed in different branches of public and private sector commercial banks. The Canara Bank was chosen to represent the public sector banks while from the private sector banks, ICICI Bank was chosen. One hundred two employees responded to the questionnaires. Out of which only 91 respondents gave correct feedback. Likert’s five point scale was used to determine the job satisfaction level of the respondents regarding salary and promotion. The respondents have been from top and middle management to lower level management. Overall, the present study reveals that employees need to be satisfied with their job to overcome the situation of absenteeism, role conflict, job induced tension, negative intention to leave the job and discrimination against them.
Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture, 1991
Processing of maize (Zea mays L fresh and dry) for the production of various traditional products... more Processing of maize (Zea mays L fresh and dry) for the production of various traditional products results in the loss of phytic acid. Fresh mature corn contains less phytic acid (1.71 g kg-') than dry corn (7.15-7.60 g kg-I). The loss of phytic acid varies from 18.1 to 46.7 % for fresh maize and from 11-5 to 52.6 % for dry maize respectively among the heat treatments given. From a nutritional viewpoint, consumption of maize as chapati and after roasting in a sand bath or on charcoal will improue the availubility of minerals.
Free amino acids content of eight Pakistani amino acids. Glutamic acid, aspartic acid, phewheat v... more Free amino acids content of eight Pakistani amino acids. Glutamic acid, aspartic acid, phewheat varieties has been determined by paper nylalanine, cystine, tyrosine, and valine are comchromatography. In all, 13 amino acids have been mon to all varieties. Nortino ...
Koerwer, J. F. (to Union Carbide Corp.) Canadian Patent ... Leonard, NJ; Paukstelis, JVJ Org. Che... more Koerwer, J. F. (to Union Carbide Corp.) Canadian Patent ... Leonard, NJ; Paukstelis, JVJ Org. Chem. 1963, 28, 3021. Martin, D.; Graubaum, H. J. Prakt. Chem. 1979, 321(2), 315. Payne, LK, Jr. (Union Carbide Corp., South Charleston, WV), ... Pellizzari, G.; Gaiter, A. ...
The formation of a tertiary carbonium ion is the driving force of this hydrolysis. Replacement of... more The formation of a tertiary carbonium ion is the driving force of this hydrolysis. Replacement of the carbonyl by a thiocarbonyl group appears to enhance the rate of dissociation, since 4 was found to be very unstable.
Charalambous, G., Inglett, G., Eds.; Academic: New York, 1984; VOl. 2. Rouseff, RL; Fisher, JF; N... more Charalambous, G., Inglett, G., Eds.; Academic: New York, 1984; VOl. 2. Rouseff, RL; Fisher, JF; Nagy, S. HPLC Separation and Spectral Characterization of Browning Pigments in Canned and Glass-Packed Grapefruit Juices. 38th Annual Citrus Processors Meeting, Lake ...
International Journal of Food Science & Technology, 2007
A rapid batter expansion method has been described for testing the quality of wheat flour. Batter... more A rapid batter expansion method has been described for testing the quality of wheat flour. Batter is prepared by thoroughly mixing wheat flour, baking powder and water which is then transferred to a graduated cylinder. The cylinder is kept in water bath at 40°C and the reading at the maximum expansion is noted down. It has been observed that the batter collapses after reading the maximum expansion, and leaves a mark on the cylinder which also helps in reading the maximum expansion. The results indicate that the batter expansion is highly correlated with bread volume and protein content.
Advances in crop breeding techniques and economic evaluation are critical to ensuring and improvi... more Advances in crop breeding techniques and economic evaluation are critical to ensuring and improving crop yields and sustainable development. Based on the provincial data on food legumes breeding (FLB) in China from 2001 to 2020, the research and development (R&D) expenditure distribution, FLB contribution rate, and R&D expenditure on FLB were estimated. The economic benefits of output per unit area and R&D expenses were evaluated, and relevant policy suggestions were put forward. The study found that: (i) the R&D expenditure on FLB’s showed a significant upward trend, and the development can be divided into a starting, stable, and rapid growth period. There were significant differences in R&D expenditures across eight provinces of China with relatively high R&D expenditures for FLB; (ii) the R&D expenditure on FLB had a significant lag in the improvement of per mu yield (1 mu = 0.067 hectares). For every 10,000 yuan increase in R&D funding for FLB, the yield per mu will increase by ...
The development of introduced pulse varieties has made valuable contributions to the development ... more The development of introduced pulse varieties has made valuable contributions to the development of the global agricultural industry, and China is one of the largest pulse producers in the international market. A special type of pulse, the red kidney bean, has made a major contribution to improving the rural economy. Taking Kelan County, Shanxi Province, as an example, this paper expounds on the formation of the kidney bean industry and its impact on local development. The existing research used a qualitative case study (QCS) method to examine the driver and impact of kidney beans in the agricultural industry. This study found that (1) the development of the kidney bean industry has benefited from its adherence to a market demand-oriented strategy, focusing on breeding and retaining excellent varieties, and vigorously supporting the construction of technical systems and the cultivation of the main body of the industrial chain. Developing new varieties, creating brands, and industria...
International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health
Honeybee pollination plays a significant role in sustaining the balance and biodiversity of susta... more Honeybee pollination plays a significant role in sustaining the balance and biodiversity of sustainable rural development, agricultural production, and environments. However, little research has been carried out on the agricultural and economic benefits of pollination, especially for small farmers. This study investigated the adoption of honeybee pollination and its impact on farmers’ economic value using primary data from 186 kiwifruit farmers in three major producing districts, such as Pujiang, Cangxi, and Dujiangyan, in the Sichuan province of China. This study was conducted in two different steps: first, we used a bivariate probit model to estimate factors influencing honeybee pollination and artificial pollination adoption; second, we further used the Dynamic Research Assessment Management (DREAM) approach to analyze the influence of the adopted honeybee pollination economic impact. The results showed that: (1) growers with higher social capital, proxied by political affiliatio...
The adoption of mobile Internet technology (MIT) in organizational systems is rapidly increasing.... more The adoption of mobile Internet technology (MIT) in organizational systems is rapidly increasing. MIT has developed agricultural structures and dramatically altered farming activities to improve agricultural systems. MIT is considered one of the most essential technologies because of its huge impact on agriculture, economy, and our daily lives. In this study, we utilized sample data from 460 wheat growers in the Khyber Pakhtunkhwa (KP) province of Pakistan to analyze the adoption of MIT and its impact on the promotion of wheat productivity. This study used the propensity score matching (PSM) technique to address probable self-selection bias. Existing research outcomes show that decision making, education, farm size, cooperative membership, gender, extension services, access to credit, weather forecast information, risk perception, market distance, and other factors significantly affect productivity and subsidy awareness agendas. However, outcomes signify that MIT adoption will have ...
Mobile internet technology (MIT) is considered a significant advancement in information and commu... more Mobile internet technology (MIT) is considered a significant advancement in information and communication technology (ICT), due to its crucial impact on the financial system and social life. In addition, it is an essential technology to overcome the digital divide between urban and rural areas. In terms of agricultural advancement, MIT can play a key role in data collection and the implementation of smart agricultural technologies. The main objectives of this study were to (i) investigate MIT adoption and use in sustainable agriculture development among selected wheat farmers of Pakistan and (ii) examine the crucial factors influencing MIT adoption. This study selected 628 wheat farmers from four districts of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Province (KPK), Pakistan, for sampling. This study used a bivariate probit method for sampling wheat farmers. The analysis of wheat farmer’s data showed farmer’s age, farm size, farm location, and knowledge about Internet technology (IT) are strongly correlat...
Global climate change may result in major environmental issues that have already affected and wil... more Global climate change may result in major environmental issues that have already affected and will continue to affect agricultural sector in the future. A continuing effort to utilize and adopt new agricultural technologies is necessary to mitigate climate change and increase agricultural income. Agricultural cooperatives are gradually being used in emerging countries to encourage improved technology and reduce food insecurity and poverty. This research analyses the influence of cooperative supports (CS) and technology adoption (TA) on agricultural income in Pakistan. It applied the propensity score matching (PSM) technique to evaluate the productivity on survey data from 498 wheat growers to conduct counterfactual analysis for farmers in Pakistan. In addition, a dual selection model (DSM) was applied to resolve the bias in sample selection caused by observed and unobserved aspects of survey data. The results showed that, contrasted with non-membership and non-adopters, growers who ...
The agricultural industry is getting more data-centric and requires precise, more advanced data a... more The agricultural industry is getting more data-centric and requires precise, more advanced data and technologies than before, despite being familiar with agricultural processes. The agriculture industry is being advanced by various information and advanced communication technologies, such as the Internet of Things (IoT). The rapid emergence of these advanced technologies has restructured almost all other industries, as well as advanced agriculture, which has shifted the industry from a statistical approach to a quantitative one. This radical change has shaken existing farming techniques and produced the latest prospects in a series of challenges. This comprehensive review article enlightens the potential of the IoT in the advancement of agriculture and the challenges faced when combining these advanced technologies with conventional agricultural systems. A brief analysis of these advanced technologies with sensors is presented in advanced agricultural applications. Numerous sensors ...
Advanced technologies and innovation are essential for promoting sustainable food systems (SFSs) ... more Advanced technologies and innovation are essential for promoting sustainable food systems (SFSs) because these technologies can be used to answer some of the critical questions needed to transform SFSs and help us better understand global food security and nutrition. The main objective of this study is to address the question of whether technological innovations have an impact on the transformation of SFSs. There are certain innovations including agricultural land utilization, food processing, production systems, improvement in diets according to people’s needs, and management of waste products. This study provides an overview of new technologies and innovations being used with potential to transform SFSs. Applications of emerging technologies in digital agriculture, including the Internet of Things (IoT), artificial intelligence and machine learning, drones, use of new physical systems (e.g., advanced robotics, autonomous vehicles, advanced materials), and gene technology (e.g., bi...
Increasing agricultural production and optimizing inorganic fertilizer (IF) use are imperative fo... more Increasing agricultural production and optimizing inorganic fertilizer (IF) use are imperative for agricultural and environmental sustainability. Mobile phone usage (MPU) has the potential to reduce IF application while ensuring environmental and agricultural sustainability goals. The main objectives of this study were to assess MPU, mobile phone promotion policy, and whether the mediation role of human capital can help reduce IF use. This study used baseline regression analysis and propensity score matching, difference-in-differences (PSM-DID) to assess the impact of MPU on IF usage. However, the two-stage instrumental variables method (IVM) was used to study the effects of mobile phone promotion policy on IF usage. This study used a national dataset from 7987 rural households in Afghanistan to investigate the impacts of MPU and associated promotion policies on IF application. The baseline regression outcomes showed that the MPU significantly reduced IF usage. The evaluation mechan...
International Journal of Agricultural Extension, 2020
The agricultural sector worldwide is facing many issues relating to crop productivity due to the ... more The agricultural sector worldwide is facing many issues relating to crop productivity due to the lack of communication between extension workers and farmers. To reduce this gap, information technology like mobile phones are one of the essential communication devices in numerous fields as well as agriculture. This review aims to analyze mobile phone usage in agricultural modernization and rural development. The advancement of the agricultural sector in rural areas is essential for reducing poverty among growers. As we all know, agricultural activities provide employment opportunities and generate income in rural areas. Poverty can be decreased by advancement in the agriculture sector for better production. Agriculture production, socioeconomic conditions, and food security can be improved by increasing the usage of mobile phones for easy and accurate agricultural knowledge sharing to the farming community.
Streptomyces scabies is a Gram-positive bacterial pathogen that causes common scab disease to sev... more Streptomyces scabies is a Gram-positive bacterial pathogen that causes common scab disease to several crops, particularly in the potato. It is a soil borne pathogen, a very devastating scab pathogen and difficult to manage in the field. Streptomyces has several species that cause common scab such as S. scabiei, S. acidiscabies, S. europaeiscabiei, S. luridiscabiei, S. niveiscabiei, S. puniciscabiei, S. reticuliscabiei, S. stelliscabiei, S. turgidiscabies, S. ipomoeae. Common scab disease harmfully affects potato economic and market value due to the presence of black spots on the tuber. Owing to its genetic diversity and pathogenicity, the determination of pathogen presence in potato fields is still challenging. In this study, S. scabies genetic diversity was measured by surveying five potato-growing areas of Pakistan during the growing season 2019. A total of 50 Streptomyces isolates, including S. scabies, S. acidiscabies, S. griseoflavus were isolated and identified based on morpho...
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