This study uses farm level data to analyse the determinants of adoption of recommended wheat vari... more This study uses farm level data to analyse the determinants of adoption of recommended wheat varieties in irrigated Punjab, Pakistan. A notable proportion of wheat acreage is sown to non-recommended wheat varieties in the province. These cultivars had either lost (overtime) or did not have resistance against yellow rust. Farm size, education, and size of wheat enterprise on the farm are the important determinants of adoption of recommended wheat varieties while tractor ownership and irrigation source play a positive but insignificant role in the adoption decisions. Age and tenure proved to be less of a constraint towards adoption of the recommended wheat varieties. The likelihood of the adoption of recommended wheat varieties varied among tehsils, with the highest probabilities of adoption in Melsi and Arifwala tehsils of cotton-wheat zones I and II respectively.
Pakistan is a low income developing country. Agriculture is the most important sector of the coun... more Pakistan is a low income developing country. Agriculture is the most important sector of the country meeting food and fibre requirements of the fast growing population. Although the rate of population increase has considerably slowed down from over 3 percent in 1980s to 2.09 percent in 2009-10, it is still considered high.1 With the current rate of population growth, the population is expected to get doubled by 2050—making Pakistan 4th largest nation by 2050 from current status of 6th most populous state of the world [Pakistan (2010)]. The total cultivated area has increased by just 40 percent during past 60 years, while there has been more than 4 times increase in population with urban expansion of over seven-fold—resulting into mega-cities2 as well as rising population pressure on cultivated land. Wheat production, a major food crop, has increased five-fold during the same period—yet the country is marginal importer of wheat. Tremendous efforts are needed both advances in technolo...
Agriculture has now been seen in its multiple roles like contributing to development as an econom... more Agriculture has now been seen in its multiple roles like contributing to development as an economic activity, source of livelihood, provider of environmental services and a unique instrument to overall development. As an economic activity, it is a source of growth for national economy, food security, foreign exchange as well as provider of investment opportunities for agro-based industries and rural non-farm economy. As source of livelihood, it provides jobs to majority of the people, especially the small holders, landless and the poor. In terms of environmental services, being the major player in underground water depletion, agrochemical pollution, soil exhaustion and global climate change due to greenhouse gas emissions, agriculture can create good and bad environmental outcomes. Its environmental contributions in managing watersheds and preserving biodiversity are generally unrecognised and unremunerated. Agriculture has well established record as an instrument for poverty reduct...
An extension of the Weibull distribution which involves an additional shape parameter is being pr... more An extension of the Weibull distribution which involves an additional shape parameter is being proposed. Interestingly, the additional parameter acts somewhat as a location parameter while the support of the distribution remains the positive half-line. Since the gamma distribution is a particular case of this distribution, the latter is referred to as a gamma-Weibull distribution. The gamma-Weibull distribution is in fact a reparameterization of the generalized gamma distribution, which has received little attention in recent years. Some parameters of the gamma-Weibull model have a more straightforward interpretation than those associated with the generalized gamma distribution. Moreover, the gamma-Weibull distribution does not contain a threshold parameter. Accordingly, it readily lends itself to various estimation methodologies and exhibits regular asymptotics. Numerous distributions such as the Rayleigh, half-normal and Maxwell distributions can also be obtained as special cases....
AbstractPenalized-Likelihood (PL) image reconstruction methods produce better quality images tha... more AbstractPenalized-Likelihood (PL) image reconstruction methods produce better quality images than analytical methods. However, these images exhibit non-uniform resolution properties. A number of prior functions have been used to recover this resolution non-uniformity. ...
Prevalence and floral host plant range of indigenous Bombus pollinators are considered to be impo... more Prevalence and floral host plant range of indigenous Bombus pollinators are considered to be important alternatives than the imported species. Commercial enclosed farming has increased the use of the bumblebees as economically important pollinators for high economic return and offseason crops. Indigenous bumblebee species has been considered important to rear and use for such pollination services than imported bumblebees to avoid possible environmental and pest problems. Bombus haemorrhoidalis Smith, the only bumblebee species of this region, was collected at monthly interval from different non-agricultural and agricultural flora of Margalla and Murree hills of Pakistan during 2011-12. Plant species for floral host plant resources, variation in seasonal population and distribution with different climatic regions of this indigenous bumblebee were observed. Twenty four plant species of thirteen plant families were found as floral host plants visited for nectar and pollens with seven n...
In this paper, repetitive types of group acceptance sampling plans are proposed when the lifetime... more In this paper, repetitive types of group acceptance sampling plans are proposed when the lifetime of the product follows the Weibull distribution or the generalized exponential distribution. Quality characteristics are considered in terms of percentile lifetimes. Plan parameters are found by satisfying the producer’s risk and consumer’s risk at the same time while minimizing the average sample number. Extensive tables are given for practical use. Two examples are given to illustrate the proposed plan in real world.
Penalized-Likelihood (PL) image reconstruction methods produce better quality images than normal ... more Penalized-Likelihood (PL) image reconstruction methods produce better quality images than normal analytical methods. However, these images exhibit non-uniform resolution properties. A number of prior functions have been used to recover this non-uniform resolution. Quadratic Priors (QPs) are preferred for penalization due to their simplicity and their resolution characteristics have been studied extensively. However, images reconstructed with QPs exhibit non-uniform resolution properties. Here, we propose two new priors based on QPs and median priors (MPs) and evaluate their resolution characteristics. The recovered resolution for the Combined Priors (CPs), a combination of QPs and MPs, can be set between QPs and MPs by selecting appropriate values for hyperparameters. For this modified MPs (ModMPs), almost uniform spatial resolution can be achieved.
A Bernstein distribution has recently been developed to model the life characteristics of machine... more A Bernstein distribution has recently been developed to model the life characteristics of machine components which deteriorate according to a scheme of non-stationary linear wear processes. The Bernstein model has been successfully used in a variety of situations ...
A statistical problem arises in estimating a variance component in an analysis of variance in var... more A statistical problem arises in estimating a variance component in an analysis of variance in various experimental designs when the estimate of the variance component becomes negative. Various authors (Hartely (1950), Link (1950), Patnaik (1950), Leslie and Brown (1966), Barlow et al. (1969), Pearson (1932, 1966) and Ahmad (1974, 1978)) have devised alternative methods to estimate variance that guarantee non-negative
to evaluate effectiveness of this intervention. Conclusion: Cardiac diabetic nurse is effective i... more to evaluate effectiveness of this intervention. Conclusion: Cardiac diabetic nurse is effective in reducing the incidence of hypoglycaemic events in cardiac patients with Type 2 DM at KACC through focused educational interventions.
... The authors wish to thank Mr Jawad Qureshi for careful preparation of the manuscript. ... 9.S... more ... The authors wish to thank Mr Jawad Qureshi for careful preparation of the manuscript. ... 9.Shuaib, AN, Mohiuddin, A. and ;Sheikh, AK Designer's approach to the selection of reliability models in fatigue life investigations, ASME paper No. 84 WA DE12. ...
The mealybug Phenacoccus gossypiphilous (Stanley) played havoc with the cotton crop in Pakistan d... more The mealybug Phenacoccus gossypiphilous (Stanley) played havoc with the cotton crop in Pakistan during 2005. To control this pest, insecticides of different groups were evaluated in both the laboratory and in field conditions. In the laboratory, bifenthrin, profenofos and chlorpyrifos proved to be the best insecticides for mealybug control, based on their susceptibility with the leaf dip method for their LC 50. In field conditions, the recommended application rates of methomyl, profenofos and chlorpyrifos provided the best control: the lethal time studies proved their efficiency for better and timely control of this sporadic pest. The present study has shown that the insecticides tested, in particular profenofos, chlorpyrifos, methomyl and bifenthrin, provide satisfactory control of the cotton mealybug. The control of the insect pest complex throughout the cotton crop predominantly depends on wise and justified use of these chemicals, and necessitates development of an integrated pest management strategy.
Ischemic mitral regurgitation (IMR) results from left ventricular remodelling after myocardial in... more Ischemic mitral regurgitation (IMR) results from left ventricular remodelling after myocardial infarction and severely affects cardiovascular mortality and morbidity. Ischemic mitral valve regurgitation also represents a negative prognostic factor for long-term survival in patients undergoing surgical myocardial revascularization. While severe mitral regurgitation should always be corrected during a coronary artery bypass operation, the decision making is more difficult in patients with a moderate degree of regurgitation. In this review, we wish to highlight the negative impact of IMR on long-term survival and discuss the available evidence for surgical correction of IMR at the time of coronary revascularization.
This study uses farm level data to analyse the determinants of adoption of recommended wheat vari... more This study uses farm level data to analyse the determinants of adoption of recommended wheat varieties in irrigated Punjab, Pakistan. A notable proportion of wheat acreage is sown to non-recommended wheat varieties in the province. These cultivars had either lost (overtime) or did not have resistance against yellow rust. Farm size, education, and size of wheat enterprise on the farm are the important determinants of adoption of recommended wheat varieties while tractor ownership and irrigation source play a positive but insignificant role in the adoption decisions. Age and tenure proved to be less of a constraint towards adoption of the recommended wheat varieties. The likelihood of the adoption of recommended wheat varieties varied among tehsils, with the highest probabilities of adoption in Melsi and Arifwala tehsils of cotton-wheat zones I and II respectively.
Pakistan is a low income developing country. Agriculture is the most important sector of the coun... more Pakistan is a low income developing country. Agriculture is the most important sector of the country meeting food and fibre requirements of the fast growing population. Although the rate of population increase has considerably slowed down from over 3 percent in 1980s to 2.09 percent in 2009-10, it is still considered high.1 With the current rate of population growth, the population is expected to get doubled by 2050—making Pakistan 4th largest nation by 2050 from current status of 6th most populous state of the world [Pakistan (2010)]. The total cultivated area has increased by just 40 percent during past 60 years, while there has been more than 4 times increase in population with urban expansion of over seven-fold—resulting into mega-cities2 as well as rising population pressure on cultivated land. Wheat production, a major food crop, has increased five-fold during the same period—yet the country is marginal importer of wheat. Tremendous efforts are needed both advances in technolo...
Agriculture has now been seen in its multiple roles like contributing to development as an econom... more Agriculture has now been seen in its multiple roles like contributing to development as an economic activity, source of livelihood, provider of environmental services and a unique instrument to overall development. As an economic activity, it is a source of growth for national economy, food security, foreign exchange as well as provider of investment opportunities for agro-based industries and rural non-farm economy. As source of livelihood, it provides jobs to majority of the people, especially the small holders, landless and the poor. In terms of environmental services, being the major player in underground water depletion, agrochemical pollution, soil exhaustion and global climate change due to greenhouse gas emissions, agriculture can create good and bad environmental outcomes. Its environmental contributions in managing watersheds and preserving biodiversity are generally unrecognised and unremunerated. Agriculture has well established record as an instrument for poverty reduct...
An extension of the Weibull distribution which involves an additional shape parameter is being pr... more An extension of the Weibull distribution which involves an additional shape parameter is being proposed. Interestingly, the additional parameter acts somewhat as a location parameter while the support of the distribution remains the positive half-line. Since the gamma distribution is a particular case of this distribution, the latter is referred to as a gamma-Weibull distribution. The gamma-Weibull distribution is in fact a reparameterization of the generalized gamma distribution, which has received little attention in recent years. Some parameters of the gamma-Weibull model have a more straightforward interpretation than those associated with the generalized gamma distribution. Moreover, the gamma-Weibull distribution does not contain a threshold parameter. Accordingly, it readily lends itself to various estimation methodologies and exhibits regular asymptotics. Numerous distributions such as the Rayleigh, half-normal and Maxwell distributions can also be obtained as special cases....
AbstractPenalized-Likelihood (PL) image reconstruction methods produce better quality images tha... more AbstractPenalized-Likelihood (PL) image reconstruction methods produce better quality images than analytical methods. However, these images exhibit non-uniform resolution properties. A number of prior functions have been used to recover this resolution non-uniformity. ...
Prevalence and floral host plant range of indigenous Bombus pollinators are considered to be impo... more Prevalence and floral host plant range of indigenous Bombus pollinators are considered to be important alternatives than the imported species. Commercial enclosed farming has increased the use of the bumblebees as economically important pollinators for high economic return and offseason crops. Indigenous bumblebee species has been considered important to rear and use for such pollination services than imported bumblebees to avoid possible environmental and pest problems. Bombus haemorrhoidalis Smith, the only bumblebee species of this region, was collected at monthly interval from different non-agricultural and agricultural flora of Margalla and Murree hills of Pakistan during 2011-12. Plant species for floral host plant resources, variation in seasonal population and distribution with different climatic regions of this indigenous bumblebee were observed. Twenty four plant species of thirteen plant families were found as floral host plants visited for nectar and pollens with seven n...
In this paper, repetitive types of group acceptance sampling plans are proposed when the lifetime... more In this paper, repetitive types of group acceptance sampling plans are proposed when the lifetime of the product follows the Weibull distribution or the generalized exponential distribution. Quality characteristics are considered in terms of percentile lifetimes. Plan parameters are found by satisfying the producer’s risk and consumer’s risk at the same time while minimizing the average sample number. Extensive tables are given for practical use. Two examples are given to illustrate the proposed plan in real world.
Penalized-Likelihood (PL) image reconstruction methods produce better quality images than normal ... more Penalized-Likelihood (PL) image reconstruction methods produce better quality images than normal analytical methods. However, these images exhibit non-uniform resolution properties. A number of prior functions have been used to recover this non-uniform resolution. Quadratic Priors (QPs) are preferred for penalization due to their simplicity and their resolution characteristics have been studied extensively. However, images reconstructed with QPs exhibit non-uniform resolution properties. Here, we propose two new priors based on QPs and median priors (MPs) and evaluate their resolution characteristics. The recovered resolution for the Combined Priors (CPs), a combination of QPs and MPs, can be set between QPs and MPs by selecting appropriate values for hyperparameters. For this modified MPs (ModMPs), almost uniform spatial resolution can be achieved.
A Bernstein distribution has recently been developed to model the life characteristics of machine... more A Bernstein distribution has recently been developed to model the life characteristics of machine components which deteriorate according to a scheme of non-stationary linear wear processes. The Bernstein model has been successfully used in a variety of situations ...
A statistical problem arises in estimating a variance component in an analysis of variance in var... more A statistical problem arises in estimating a variance component in an analysis of variance in various experimental designs when the estimate of the variance component becomes negative. Various authors (Hartely (1950), Link (1950), Patnaik (1950), Leslie and Brown (1966), Barlow et al. (1969), Pearson (1932, 1966) and Ahmad (1974, 1978)) have devised alternative methods to estimate variance that guarantee non-negative
to evaluate effectiveness of this intervention. Conclusion: Cardiac diabetic nurse is effective i... more to evaluate effectiveness of this intervention. Conclusion: Cardiac diabetic nurse is effective in reducing the incidence of hypoglycaemic events in cardiac patients with Type 2 DM at KACC through focused educational interventions.
... The authors wish to thank Mr Jawad Qureshi for careful preparation of the manuscript. ... 9.S... more ... The authors wish to thank Mr Jawad Qureshi for careful preparation of the manuscript. ... 9.Shuaib, AN, Mohiuddin, A. and ;Sheikh, AK Designer's approach to the selection of reliability models in fatigue life investigations, ASME paper No. 84 WA DE12. ...
The mealybug Phenacoccus gossypiphilous (Stanley) played havoc with the cotton crop in Pakistan d... more The mealybug Phenacoccus gossypiphilous (Stanley) played havoc with the cotton crop in Pakistan during 2005. To control this pest, insecticides of different groups were evaluated in both the laboratory and in field conditions. In the laboratory, bifenthrin, profenofos and chlorpyrifos proved to be the best insecticides for mealybug control, based on their susceptibility with the leaf dip method for their LC 50. In field conditions, the recommended application rates of methomyl, profenofos and chlorpyrifos provided the best control: the lethal time studies proved their efficiency for better and timely control of this sporadic pest. The present study has shown that the insecticides tested, in particular profenofos, chlorpyrifos, methomyl and bifenthrin, provide satisfactory control of the cotton mealybug. The control of the insect pest complex throughout the cotton crop predominantly depends on wise and justified use of these chemicals, and necessitates development of an integrated pest management strategy.
Ischemic mitral regurgitation (IMR) results from left ventricular remodelling after myocardial in... more Ischemic mitral regurgitation (IMR) results from left ventricular remodelling after myocardial infarction and severely affects cardiovascular mortality and morbidity. Ischemic mitral valve regurgitation also represents a negative prognostic factor for long-term survival in patients undergoing surgical myocardial revascularization. While severe mitral regurgitation should always be corrected during a coronary artery bypass operation, the decision making is more difficult in patients with a moderate degree of regurgitation. In this review, we wish to highlight the negative impact of IMR on long-term survival and discuss the available evidence for surgical correction of IMR at the time of coronary revascularization.
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