Papers by Muhammad Sheraz
Cureus
Background Skin and soft tissue swellings (SSTS) frequently present in dermatology, plastic surge... more Background Skin and soft tissue swellings (SSTS) frequently present in dermatology, plastic surgery, and general surgery departments. While a general surgeon can take care of excisable lesions, people typically seek plastic surgery for cosmetic reasons. According to the signs and symptoms, soft tissue and skin lesions must be removed, and it is crucial to maintain cosmesis following their removal. Objective The aim of this article is to describe the clinical and histopathological types, sites, laterality, and postoperative complications of SSTS.
Animal Biotechnology
Autoimmune hepatitis (AIH) is an uncommon chronic autoimmune liver disease. Several studies repor... more Autoimmune hepatitis (AIH) is an uncommon chronic autoimmune liver disease. Several studies reported the association of polymorphisms between CD28, CTLA4 and ICOS gene cluster in 2q33.2 with autoimmune or inflammatory diseases. The previous genome-wide association study on type 1 AIH in a European population has reported a risk G allele of a single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP), rs4325730, in this region. Here, we conducted an association study of this SNP with type 1 AIH in a Japanese population, as a replication study.An association study of rs4325730 was conducted in 343 Japanese AIH patients and 315 controls.We found that rs4325730 is associated with AIH (P = 0.0173, odds ratio (OR) 1.30, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.05-1.62, under the allele model for G allele, P = 0.0070, OR 1.62, 95% CI 1.14-2.31, under the dominant model for G allele). This SNP was strongly associated with definite AIH (P = 0.0134, OR 1.36, 95% CI 1.07-1.74; under allele model for G, P = 0.0035, OR 1.85, 95% CI 1.22-2.81, under dominant model for G).This is the first replication association study of rs4325730 upstream of ICOS with AIH in the Japanese population and rs4325730G is a risk allele.
Pakistan Journal of Medical and Health Sciences
Aim: Cancer incidence are rising but its prevalence in District Dera Ghazi is not available on go... more Aim: Cancer incidence are rising but its prevalence in District Dera Ghazi is not available on government or private level. Therefore, it is difficult to deal with cancer about its statistics and specific type prevalence. Our study was aimed to find the prevalence of cancer in various tehsils of Dera Ghazi Khan District, along with its trend from 2015 to 2021. Method:This was a cross-sectional study, conducted on cancer prevalence in three tehsils of Dera Ghazi Khan includes; DG Khan, Taunsa and Tribal area. A self-made questionnaire was used to assess the cancer prevalence in the form of;gender discrimination, prominent cancer types, number of death per year, number of cancer cases in various tehsils and number of live cancer patients and individuals survived. Results:Total 817 cancer patients were included in this study, 415 belong to Tribal area tehsil. Total 350 female cancer patients were reported in this study, 173 were affected by breast cancer and mostly of them belong to ur...
Materials
Compressive strength (CS) and splitting tensile strength (STS) are paramount parameters in the de... more Compressive strength (CS) and splitting tensile strength (STS) are paramount parameters in the design of reinforced concrete structures and are required by pertinent standard provisions. Robust prediction models for these properties can save time and cost by reducing the number of laboratory trial batches and experiments needed to generate suitable design data. Silica fume (SF) is often used in concrete owing to its substantial enhancements of the engineering properties of concrete and its environmental benefits. In the present study, the M5P model tree algorithm was used to develop models for the prediction of the CS and STS of concrete incorporating SF. Accordingly, large databases comprising 796 data points for CS and 156 data records for STS were compiled from peer-reviewed published literature. The predictions of the M5P models were compared with linear regression analysis and gene expression programming. Different statistical metrics, including the coefficient of determination...
Journal of ICT, Design, Engineering and Technological Science, 2021
Testing soil and knowing its strength parameters is one of the basic components in construction. ... more Testing soil and knowing its strength parameters is one of the basic components in construction. Testing of ill soil is carried out to ind whether the existing soil can endure the burden of structure withheld upon it or not. In the case of weak soil, one can ind it dif icult to pursue construction or any development project. While talking of solutions, there are many methods to improve its strength and properties: one of them which we decided to work on is 'stabilization of ill soil using bricks waste which is normally easily available material. The main objective of our test is to check the effectiveness of bricks waste on the mechanical properties of illing material. The testing comprised of performing Atterberg limits, Uncon ined Compression, Direct Shear, Sieve Analysis, Moisture Dry Density, and Permeability. The Bricks waste passing no. 40 sieve is mixed with ill soil and testing on different proportions i.e. 0, 5, 10, 15 and 20 percent was carried out. The summary was prepared showed improvement in soil regarding the shear strength and toughness as the Plasticity Index of the soil was improved. The uncon ined compression test results show a pattern in which the peak stress is increased as we move to higher percentages. Also, the moisture content is increased for this test because the brick debris absorbed water. Direct shear test on percentages up to 15% showed that the peak shear stress increased, which indicates that on higher percentages the sample took more load as compared to small percentages. Moisture Dry Density relationship provides a clear indication of an increase in density of soil as moved to higher percentages and decrease in Optimum Moisture Content which suggests that, clay absorbs more water content as compared to brick debris.
Pakistan Journal of Social Research, 2021
The paper will focus on explaining the nature, extent and evolution of terrorism through the role... more The paper will focus on explaining the nature, extent and evolution of terrorism through the role of Chemical, Biological, Radiological and nuclear weapons (CBRN) such as Bio-Chemical Weapons (BCWs). It will further discuss the role of religious terrorist organizations, such as Al Qaeda and ISIS/Deash in re-defining terrorism in contemporary era by acquiring BCWs. Moreover, it will underscore the lethality and level of threat posed by BCW’s when employed by the non-state actors. Additionally, it will highlight various motivating factors including political, religious, and psychological which can act as a driving force for the terrorists and non-state actors to use BCWs. Lastly, it will suggest that a change in the means and methods of terrorism predominantly comprising of BCWs as a weapon of choice for the terrorists is on the cards and it is likely remaining the feature of international politics in the days and years to come if the international treaty regime on BCWS does not adequ...
Journal of Rawalpindi Medical College, 2021
Corona virus infection (Covid-19) originated from Chinese city of Wuhan, Hubei in late December 2... more Corona virus infection (Covid-19) originated from Chinese city of Wuhan, Hubei in late December 2019 . While the disease is thought to be highly contagious, WHO declared it as public health emergency on 30th January 2020. Pakistan reported its first corona virus infection on 26th February 2020. Initially infection was limited to those travelling from endemic areas but on 13th March 2020, Pakistan reported its first corona virus infection from local transmission. With limited testing ability and lack of uniform national corona virus response strategy, Pakistan reported total of 38,799 confirmed corona virus cases by mid May 2020. Confirmed cases reached 905,852 on 24th May 2021. Lack of definitive guidelines for health care workers (HCWs) and poor existing hospital strategies in response to COVID-19 pandemic increased the agitation and stress level among HCWs. More than half of the doctors working in our orthopedic department suffered from COVID-19. In this COVID-19 pandemic, orthope...
2019 International Conference on Electrical, Communication, and Computer Engineering (ICECCE), 2019
Quadriplegia is a paralysis cause by illness or injury that result in the partial or total loss o... more Quadriplegia is a paralysis cause by illness or injury that result in the partial or total loss of use of four limbs and torso. Researchers suggested that in United State of America, there are 11000 new cases of Quadriplegia occur every year. The great scientist like Stephen Hawking has been suffering from such kind of disease. The aim of our work is to make lives of such people suffering from this disease easy, simpler and self-reliant. The idea is to create an eye monitored wheelchair control which allows the movement of the wheelchair depending on the patient's eye movements. We know that a person having Quadriplegia can partially move his eyes and tilt his head. So we want to design such kind of device where a patient sitting on the wheelchair and his/her eyes continuously monitored by camera fitted on a stand in front of patient. When the patient want to move some where he just look in that direction. The camera is capturing the signal across that direction and sending it towards the controller which is place on wheelchair. The controller process the script on OpenCV and instruct the motors to move in that particular direction.
2017 Saudi Arabia Smart Grid (SASG), 2017
A global shortage of conventional fuels and high costs have led major energy market players towar... more A global shortage of conventional fuels and high costs have led major energy market players toward the greater use of renewable energy sources. The Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (KSA), which has a major share in the oil market, has started working to integrate solar-based electric power into the national grid, enabling KSA to move toward eco-friendly and cheaper electricity while also maintaining a large share of the oil market. This paper discusses a practical technique for harvesting the maximum power from a prospective, large photovoltaic (PV) system, also known as Solar Park, in KSA. The idea is based on tracking the maximum power point from the nonlinear output characteristics of the PV system. An intelligent technique, adaptive neuro-fuzzy inference system (ANFIS), is used to build the maximum power point tracking (MPPT) controller that is tuned to extract the maximum power from the PV system under different ambient conditions. A small test system has been developed and simulated using a real-time digital simulator (RTDS), dSPACE, and MATLAB/Simulink to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed technique in comparison with the conventional algorithm of incremental conductance. I.
2018 14th International Wireless Communications & Mobile Computing Conference (IWCMC), 2018
A novel scheme is proposed for mobile edge networks to improve data content access. In mobile edg... more A novel scheme is proposed for mobile edge networks to improve data content access. In mobile edge networks, data contents can be cached in radio resource heads (RRHs) and users’ equipments (UEs). Caching data contents in UEs leverages data sharing among UEs instead of sending data requests to the remote content resources. However, UEs are equipped with limited cache capabilities, therefore, only limited contents can be cached in each UE. In this paper, our focus is caching data contents in mobile UEs for maximizing content sharing among them. We formulate a local popularity based caching scheme as a Knapsack problem. The caching gap for each content is calculated and only beneficial contents are cached that can provide enhancement of data offloading. Unlike previous works, we consider a dynamic network topology. For obtaining realistic contact and inter-contact patterns of UEs, we devised real human mobility data traces. Simulation results demonstrate that our proposed caching mechanism can significantly improve data offloading in mobile network with users’ intermittent connectivity.
Computer Aided Systems Theory – EUROCAST 2017, 2018
Concepts of Econophysics are usually used to solve problems related to uncertainty and nonlinear ... more Concepts of Econophysics are usually used to solve problems related to uncertainty and nonlinear dynamics. The risk neutral probabilities play an important role in the theory of option pricing. The application of entropy in finance can be regarded as the extension of both information entropy and probability entropy. It can be an important tool in various financial issues such as risk measures, portfolio selection, option pricing and asset pricing. The classical approach of stock option pricing is based on Black-Scholes model, which relies on some restricted assumptions and contradicts with modern research in financial literature. The Black-Scholes model is governed by Geometric Brownian Motion and is based on stochastic calculus. It depends on two factors: no arbitrage, which implies the universe of risk-neutral probabilities and parameterization of risk-neutral probability by a reasonable stochastic process. Therefore, risk-neutral probabilities are vital in this framework. The Entropy Pricing Theory founded by Gulko represents an alternative approach of constructing risk-neutral probabilities without depending on stochastic calculus. Gulko applied Entropy Pricing Theory for pricing stock options and introduced an alternative framework of Black-Scholes model for pricing European stock options. In this paper we derive solutions of maximum entropy problems based on Tsallis, Weighted-Tsallis, Kaniadakis and Weighted-Kaniadakies entropies, in order to obtain risk-neutral densities.
World Academy of Science, Engineering and Technology, International Journal of Economics and Management Engineering, 2016
Environmental Science and Pollution Research, 2021
The policy debate on the financial development and dynamic of carbon dioxide (CO2) emission is to... more The policy debate on the financial development and dynamic of carbon dioxide (CO2) emission is topical. Globalization can affect this relationship by making financial investments in green energy and environment-friendly technology, as environmental sustainability is the primary concern for modern society. This study proposes a newly formulated conceptual framework to explore globalization’s moderating role on exoplanetary variables (financial development, energy consumption, human capital, and gross domestic product) and CO2 emission. We employed Fixed Effect Ordinary Least Squares (FE-OLS), Driscoll–Kraay standard error approach (D–K), and Dumitrescu and Hurlin’s (2012) panel causality test. Our sample of the study comprised full and subsamples of G20 countries (excluding the European Union) from 1986 to 2018. The results indicated that financial development and human capital decreased carbon emissions, while GDP and energy consumption substantially increased carbon emissions during the study time. Further, globalization moderated the positive impact of financial development and human development on carbon emissions. A sustainable environmental agenda is achieved by a stronger financial system, encouraging green finance, and including technical education that improves production efficiency. However, globalization moderated the negative impact of energy consumption and GDP on carbon emission. Besides, we also reported the bidirectional causal relationship of GDP to energy consumption. Our empirical research provides new insights for policymakers and governments to formulate country-based policies to protect environmental quality while achieving sustainable economic goals.
Biomedicine & Pharmacotherapy, 2021
COVID-19 (Corona Virus Disease-2019) is an infectious disease caused by a novel coronavirus, know... more COVID-19 (Corona Virus Disease-2019) is an infectious disease caused by a novel coronavirus, known as the acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). This is a highly contagious disease that has already affected more than 220 countries globally, infecting more than 212 million people and resulting in the death of over 4.4 million people. This review aims to highlight the pertinent documentary evidence upon the adverse effects of the SARS-CoV-2 infection on several vital human organs. SARS-CoV-2 primarily targets the lung tissue by causing diffuse alveolar damage and may result in Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome (ARDS). SARS-CoV-2 infects the cell via cell surface receptor, angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2). Besides lungs, SARS-CoV-2 critically damage tissues in other vital human organs such as the heart, kidney, liver, brain, and gastrointestinal tract. The effect on the heart includes muscle dysfunction (acute or protracted heart failure), myocarditis, and cell necrosis. Within hepatic tissue, it alters serum aminotransferase, total bilirubin, and gamma-glutamyl transferase levels. It contributes to acute kidney injury (AKI). Localized infection of the brain can lead to loss or attenuation of olfaction, muscular pain, headaches, encephalopathy, dizziness, dysgeusia, psychomotor disorders, and stroke; while the gastrointestinal symptoms include the disruption of the normal intestinal mucosa, leading to diarrhea and abdominal pain. This review encompassed a topical streak of systemic malfunctions caused by the SARS-CoV-2 infection. As the pandemic is still in progress, more studies will enrich our understanding and analysis of this disease.
Journal of Virology, 2020
Pegylated IFN-α is the only therapeutic regimen that can induce a functional cure of chronic hepa... more Pegylated IFN-α is the only therapeutic regimen that can induce a functional cure of chronic hepatitis B in a small, but significant, fraction of treated patients. Understanding the mechanisms underlying the antiviral functions of IFN-α in hepadnaviral infection may reveal molecular targets for development of novel antiviral agents to improve the therapeutic efficacy of IFN-α. By a loss-of-function genetic screening of individual IFN-stimulated genes (ISGs) on hepadnaviral mRNAs transcribed from cccDNA, we found that downregulating the expression of STAT1, SMCHD1, or PML significantly increased the level of viral RNAs without altering the level of cccDNA. Mechanistic analyses indicated that those cellular proteins are recruited to cccDNA minichromosomes and induce the posttranslational modifications of cccDNA-associated histones similar to those induced by IFN-α treatment. We have thus identified three IFN-α-induced cellular proteins that suppress cccDNA transcription and may partly...
Global Regional Review, 2020
The aim of this study is to investigate the relationship between employees commitment and leaders... more The aim of this study is to investigate the relationship between employees commitment and leadership styles along with the moderating role of organizational politics in public sector universities of KPK. The researcher adopted a deductive approach with cross-sectional research design and used a quantitative methodology. Stratified random sampling has been used with an objective to ensure effective representation of the selected population. Responses from the participants were collected through a pre-structured questionnaire, which was then analyzed through the SPSS data analysis tool by using different statistical methods including descriptive statistics analysis, regression analysis, and inter-variables correlation analysis. Findings of the study show that organizational politics positively moderates the relationship of transformational and democratic style of leadership with commitment of employees. It is also provided that the stus findings would serve as a foundation for future ...
PLOS Pathogens, 2019
Persistent hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection relies on the establishment and maintenance of coval... more Persistent hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection relies on the establishment and maintenance of covalently closed circular (ccc) DNA, a 3.2 kb episome that serves as a viral transcription template, in the nucleus of an infected hepatocyte. Although evidence suggests that cccDNA is the repair product of nucleocapsid associated relaxed circular (rc) DNA, the cellular DNA polymerases involving in repairing the discontinuity in both strands of rcDNA as well as the underlying mechanism remain to be fully understood. Taking a chemical genetics approach, we found that DNA polymerase alpha (Pol α) is essential for cccDNA intracellular amplification, a genome recycling pathway that maintains a stable cccDNA pool in infected hepatocytes. Specifically, inhibition of Pol α by small molecule inhibitors aphidicolin or CD437 as well as silencing of Pol α expression by siRNA led to suppression of cccDNA amplification in human hepatoma cells. CRISPR-Cas9 knock-in of a CD437-resistant mutation into Pol α genes completely abolished the effect of CD437 on cccDNA formation, indicating that CD437 directly targets Pol α to disrupt cccDNA biosynthesis. Mechanistically, Pol α is recruited to HBV rcDNA and required for the generation of minus strand covalently closed circular rcDNA, suggesting that Pol α is involved in the repair of the minus strand DNA nick in cccDNA synthesis. Our study thus reveals that the distinct host DNA polymerases are hijacked by HBV to support the biosynthesis of cccDNA from intracellular amplification pathway compared to that from de novo viral infection, which requires Pol κ and Pol λ.
IEEE Communications Surveys & Tutorials, 2018
Device-to-device (D2D) communication is continuously evolving and engulfing a wide diversity of p... more Device-to-device (D2D) communication is continuously evolving and engulfing a wide diversity of proximate services and applications, which is considered as one of the key technologies in the 5G ecosystem. It is argued that direct communications paradigm advantages may not be entirely captured without embracing the concepts of the social-domain. Following the explosion of social networks and smart mobile devices, social-interactions among mobile users enable the promotion of D2D co-operations. In this article, we first present a systematic overview of the socially-unaware technical challenges and the prospective applications to consolidate a background on D2D communications. Next, all the social features utilized in tackling and improving the technical issues and the applications are briefed, respectively. Then, we provide a comprehensive survey on socially-aware D2D communications, where various features of social-domain are leveraged such as ties, community, trust, and selfishness to tackle the D2D technical issues and improve the performance of prospective D2D applications. We categorize state-of-the-art socially-aware D2D communications into two main sections. The first section considers technical issues, while the second section pertains to their applications to provide insightful information and motivate more in-depth studies in this area. For each aforementioned section, we overview technical aspects and classify the core contributions based on approaches used and the social features utilized. In the discussion section, we summarize the socially-aware D2D communications and present lessons learned. Finally, we highlight the open research challenges in this field and predict future research trends.
Renewable Energy and Power Quality Journal, 2013
This paper represents a Fuzzy Logic (FL) based Maximum Power Point Tracking (MPPT) controller for... more This paper represents a Fuzzy Logic (FL) based Maximum Power Point Tracking (MPPT) controller for a PV array. The proposed controller is aimed at adjusting the duty cycle of the DC-DC converter switch to track the maximum power of a PV array. MATLAB/Simulink is used to develop and design the PV array system equiped with the proposed MPPT controller. The developed model has been examined under different operating conditions. The performance of the proposed controller has been compared with conventional ones. The results show that the proposed controller is able to track the MPP in a shorter time with less fluctuations. In addition, the robustness of the proposed controller has been confirmed in the rapidly changing irradiation conditions.
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Papers by Muhammad Sheraz