Papers by Moutaz A.W. Abdul Mounam
Diyala Journal of Medicine
Background: Nowadays, a lot of food products are produced in large quantities in factories. Milk ... more Background: Nowadays, a lot of food products are produced in large quantities in factories. Milk and its derivatives are among the most important and well-known things that may be mentioned. Due to the industrialization of many nations, heavy metals are regarded as the most significant contaminants and have an impact on the presence of these substances in milk and dairy products. The toxicity of different heavy metals on human health, as well as their sources in milk and other dairy products are all represented in the current review paper, which focuses on methodologies and regulatory constraints for heavy metals in milk. The study also examines the frequency of heavy metals detected in milk samples from Iraq, a few other nations in Asia, South America, the United States, and Africa, as well as a few instances from Europe. strategies to lessen the number of heavy metals in milk and its products or stop them from contaminating such foods. Conclusion: Heavy metals have several health ...
Iraqi Journal of Veterinary Medicine, 2017
Listeria monocytogenes has important medical health infection in human and animals. The prese... more Listeria monocytogenes has important medical health infection in human and animals. The present study aimed to investigate the significant ultrastructure changes occurred in liver post-infection by pathogenic strain of Listeria monocytogenes. Twenty-six mice of both sexes divided into two groups; 1st group (n=21) infected with 0.2 ml (2x109 CFU/ml) of Listeria monocytogenes I/P and 2nd group (n=5) served as negative control group, all animal of both groups sacrificed at 2, 4, 6 and 24 hours post infection (7 mice for each time of infected group). The histopathology of liver tissues post infection revealed degenerative changes and severe necrosis in hepatic lobules exclusively at 6 and 24 hours also there were significant ultrastructure changes of hepatocytes; degeneration and necrosis of hepatocytes appeared at 2 hours post infection.
Journal of Communicable Diseases, 2021
The typical test for diagnosis of severe acute respiratory syndrome
coronavirus 2 is a reverse tr... more The typical test for diagnosis of severe acute respiratory syndrome
coronavirus 2 is a reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction
(RT-PCR) technique, but the chest CT scan might play a complementary
role at the first detection of Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19)
pneumonia.
Objectives: To determine the sensitivity of CT scan on patients with
COVID-19 in Al-Najaf, Iraq, and to compare the accuracy of CT scan
with that of RT-PCR technique.
Material and Method: This is a prospective study. The patients
suspicious of having COVID-19 infection and respiratory symptoms
were registered. All patients were diagnosed by RT-PCR and chest
CT. Diagnostic performance of CT was intended using RT-PCR as the
reference standard in the centre of coronavirus investigation in Al-Najaf
city, Iraq from March 2020 to September 2020.
Results: The study population included 125 consecutive participants
(males and females; mean age = 53 ± 17 years). Of the 125 participants,
fever was observed in 93 (74.4%), cough was observed in 81 (64.8%),
dyspnoea was observed in 47 (33%), and lymphocytopenia was observed
in 89 (71.2%) subjects. The sensitivity and specificity of chest CT scan
was 94% (95% confidence interval).
Conclusion: The typical diagnosis of Coronavirus Disease 2019 pneumonia is by RT-PCR at the first stage of infection which can then be confirmed
by chest CT.
Keywords: RT-PCR, Chest CT Scan, COVID-19, Sensitivity, Specificity
The Iraqi Journal of Veterinary Medicine, 2002
مجلة مركز بحوث السوق وحماية المستهلك, 2005
J.of ministry of industry /The state company for dairy products, 2011
International Journal for Sciences and Technology, 2011
The aim of this study was concerned on the prevalence of Listeria spp. in the tableeggs samples c... more The aim of this study was concerned on the prevalence of Listeria spp. in the tableeggs samples collected from the different markets and downtown stores of Baghdad province during November 2010 till March 2011. A total of 300 table-eggs (150 white eggs shells and 150 brown eggs shells from different origins) were analyzed and processed according to the standard protocols of Food and Drug Administration (FDA) and International Organization for Standardization (ISO) with some modifications. After preparation of sterile media, a portion of analytic sample was added to 9 portions of Listeria enrichment broth, shaken for 2-3 minutes inside stomacher, and then incubated at 30 C° for 24-48 hours. After 24 and 48 hour enrichment processing, the culture was made on the Listeria Selective Agar (ALOA, OCLA, Oxoid). Listeria monocytogenes appeared on chromogenic ALOA (OCLA) Agar Listeria Ottaviani and Agosti (Oxoid Chromogenic Listeria Agar) as a bluegreen colored, smooth, convex, circular or crenate colonies with entire margins and opaque halo while the others Listeria spp. appear as blue-green colonies without any halo . Confirmation of Listeria isolates was done by Latex Agglutination test (Oxoid, UK), and differentiation of Listeria monocytogenes from other Listeria spp. was done by Oxoid Biochemical Identification System (O.B.I.S.mono test kit, Oxoid). Growth of Listeria spp. was determined in 54 (18%) of total samples as 30 (10%) isolates from brown eggs shells, from which 6 (2%) isolates were confirmed as Listeria monocytogenes, and 24 (8%) isolates from white eggs shells, from which 3 (1%) isolates were confirmed as Listeria monocytogenes. These findings suggest that Listeria contaminates table-eggs and Listeria infections are not a potential risk in Baghdad province, but it is strongly recommended that these products are monitored carefully.
J.of center of Revival of Arabian science Heritage, 2012
Al-Anbar Journal of Veterinary Sciences, 2012
study was conducted to evaluate the penetration rate of Proteus vulgaris and Salmonella typhimuri... more study was conducted to evaluate the penetration rate of Proteus vulgaris and Salmonella typhimurium (individually and combined) through the shell membranes and egg contents at two different temperature levels: (incubator 37 ºC and refrigerator 4 ºC). A total of 120 brown eggs were collected from Baghdad markets from December 2010 to March 2011, and divided into three groups (40 egg for each), first group was exposed
to 6.2×106 cfu/ml of P. vulgaris, the second group was exposed to 6.2 × 106 cfu/ml of S. typhimurium, and the third group was exposed to 6.2 × 106 cfu/ml of both. Individually and/or combined P. vulgaris and S. typhimurium cells were survived on egg shells for 28 days at both 37 ºC and 4 ºC. Both S.typhimurium and P.vulgaris together reached the
shell membrane and eggs' content within 7 days at 37ºC and 4 ºC, but P. vulgaris penetrate egg shell and egg content earlier within 7 days at both 37 ºC and 4 ºC, also S. typhimurium penetrate egg shell and contents within 7 days at 37 ºC, but it couldn't reach to the contents after 28 days at 4 ºC. It could be concluded that the effect of storage temperatures at both 4 ºC and 37 ºC on the affinity of penetration via egg structures for 28 days was investigated in this research, thus their effect on public health and economic importance on consumers were shown to be evaluated and discussed.
Kufa Journal For Veterinary Medical Sciences, 2013
The study was conducted to detect the presence of bacterial and fungal contamination in imported ... more The study was conducted to detect the presence of bacterial and fungal contamination in imported semen straws used for Artificial Insemination (AI) in cows and antibiotic sensitivity test for those isolates. For this purpose, a total of 118 imported semen straws from local markets in Baghdad and some veterinarian clinics from December 2011 to February 2012 transported directly to the laboratories of Unit of Zoonotic Diseases (College of Veterinary Medicine / Baghdad University) frozen in liquid nitrogen (-196 ºC), the cultured on brain and heart broth and Sabouraud dextrose broth with routine biochemical tests, as well as antibiotic sensitivity test was done using 11 antibiotics. The results revealed isolation of Bacillus subtilis 34 isolates (28.81%), Staphylococcus aureus 27 (22.88%), and E. coli 13 (11.07%), also mixed infection was registered B. subtilis + S. aureus found in 9 straws (7.63%) and B. subtilis + E. coli in 3 straws (2.54%). The results of antibiotic sensitivity showed resistant strains of S. aureus against most antibiotics used, while B. subtilis and E. coli showed intermediate sensitivity to many antibiotics. In general, all isolates were sensitive to Azithromycin and Ceftriaxone. Fungal isolation showed Penicillium 16 isolates (13.65%), Aspergillus 7 isolates (5.93%), Alternaria 4 (3.39%), and Cladosporium only 2 isolates (1.69%). It could be concluded that there was a need to use a dose of Azithromycin to get rid of contamination and using of hygienic precautions in artificial insemination and using of disinfectants for sterilization of instruments and tools to avoid contamination
International Journal of Advanced Biological Research, 2013
A study was carried out to investigate the influence of milk components from different animal's s... more A study was carried out to investigate the influence of milk components from different animal's species and different incubation temperatures on in vitro growth of Listeria monocytogenes. A total of 25 samples from Cows, Buffalos, Ewes, Does (Goats) and imported UHT milk (5for each, 250 ml for each) were collected from Baghdad markets andprocessed
according to research design in accordance with food hygienic methodologies with some modifications during February & March 2012.Each sample was divided into 3 parts in which 50ml of each was inoculated experimentally with 1mllog5(3- 5*105 cfu \ml)of Listeria monocytogenes and incubated overnight (18-24 hrs.)at 4C°, ambient room temperature and 37C°, then counted according to Miles & Misra procedure. The results showed significant inhibitoryeffect of Goatsmilk
especially at 4C° followed by Ewes, Cows ,UHT and Buffalos milk with no fluctuations at 37 C° and this may support the idea that Goatsmilk may contain inhibitory molecules such as fatty acids in concentration and quality better than that of other species especially during retarding growth at 4C°(increasing Lag phase)of contaminant psychrophilic Listeria
monocytogenes ,while Buffalos milk enriched the growth of Listeria monocytogenes may be due to high lipid content especially those that are resuscitate multiplication of them as well as the nature of rearing of Buffalos in Iraq. These findings suggest presence of combined effect (inhibition or potentiation) of ambient growth temperature and different milk components especially fatty acids on in vitro growth of gram positive contaminant Listeria monocytogenes.
Journal of Genetic and Environmental Resources Conservation, 2014
The study was conducted to detect the moulds contamination of table egg‐shells and contents. A to... more The study was conducted to detect the moulds contamination of table egg‐shells and contents. A total of 50 random brown egg samples (every sample is a batch of 5 eggs) were collected from markets in Baghdad city, divided into two part: broken egg shells and egg contents homogenized by mechanical agitaon , a (1ml) or (1g) of samples was inoculated to a (9ml) of sabouraud dextrose broth (SDB) and incubated at 25‐30ºc for (7‐ 10) days. The culture from each tube was inoculated on sabouraud dextrose agar (SDA) and incubated at 25‐ 30ºc for (7‐10) days then the suspected moulds were identified. proteolytic activity of moulds was detected by using skim milk agar (SMA). The results showed that the moulds isolated from both egg shells (11%) and egg contents (4%). The most prevalent mould species was Mucor (10%) of the total isolates from egg shells, Pacilomyces victoria from both egg shells and egg contents (2%), other mould strain isolate from egg shells followed by Trichoderma spp., Aspergillus fumigatus, Cladosporium herborum, Alternaria alternata and Pencillium spp. (2%) of each mould, while Fuserium gramenearum isolated from egg contents with (2%). The results also reveal that all isolated moulds have the proteolytic activity of milk in variable rates, Aspergillus fumigatus was a higher proteolytic activity followed by Pencillium spp., Alternaria alternate, Fuserium gramenearum, Cladosporium herborum, Trichoderma spp., Mucor spp., Pacilomyces victoriae. These findings suggest contamination of shells and contents of table eggs with different moulds and we recommend that these products should be monitored carefully to ensure public health.
The Iraq J.Vet.Med, 2004
This study was planned to isolated and identify some psychrotrophic aerobic sporeforming bacteria... more This study was planned to isolated and identify some psychrotrophic aerobic sporeforming bacteria from raw milk and determine the predomenant isolate. Microbiological estimations were performed for (100) raw milk samples collected from four sources (filters, stations, bulk tanks and milk containers) and for the same samples after heat treatment at 80°C for (12) minutes and upon subsequent storage at (7)°C for 0,7,14 and 21 days. The Aerobic plate count (APC) was determined and the total bacterial count were compared with each of the mesophilic sporeformer count (MSFC) at (0) & (7) days of storage & the psychrotrophic sporeformer count (PSFC) upon storage at (7)°C for 0,7,14 and 21 days. Positive relationship existed between the increase in (APC) before heat treatment & the increase in (MSFC) at (0) or (7) days or (PSFC) at 0,7,14 & 21 days of storage at 7°C. Immediately after heat treatment at (80)°C for 12 minutes 59% of the samples had psychrotrophic sporeformer counts of <10 cfu/ml, but after (21) days of storage at (7)°C, 79% of the samples had counts of > 109 cfu/ml. Bacillus cereus and Bacillus mycoides were identified as the predominant psychrotrophic sporeformers in the heated milk, stored at 7°C. The results confirmed that growth of heat-resistant psychrotrophicsporeforming organisms co-incide with spoilage of heated milk, and was a higher than of the normal pasteurization temperatures or longer time which enhanced the germination of these spores. psychrotrophic sporeformers have been shown to be responsible for such off-flavors (bitter, stale, rancid and putrid) of heated milk stored at (7)°C for (21) days, and sweet curdling observed in 70% of the samples in the forms of "buttons” at the bottom of the containers after (21) days of storage at (7)°C. Most of the isolated psychrotrophic B cercus were able to produce porteinase, lipases and lecithinase enzymes beside the haemolysin. It was concluded that the number of (PSFC) in raw milk conditions prevailing sanitary the depends upon apparently during production and upon time and temperature of milk storage before processing.
The Iraqi Journal of Veterinary Medicine, 2017
Listeria monocytogenes has important medical health infection in human and animals. The present s... more Listeria monocytogenes has important medical health infection in human and animals. The present study aimed to investigate the significant ultrastructure changes occurring in liver post-infection by pathogenic strain of Listeria monocytogenes. Twenty-six mice of both sexes were divided into two groups; 1st group (n=21) infected with 0.2 ml (2x109 CFU/ml) of Listeria monocytogenes I/P and 2nd group (n=5) served as negative control group; all animals of both groups were sacrificed at 2, 4, 6 and 24 hours post infection (7 mice for each time of infected group). The histopathology of liver tissues post infection revealed degenerative changes and severe necrosis in hepatic lobules exclusively at 6 and 24 hours. Also there were significant ultrastructure changes of hepatocytes; degeneration and necrosis of hepatocytes appeared at 2 hours post infection.
Intternattiionall Journall of Pharma Sciiences, 2017
Pluripotent medicinal plants and their derivatives were famous spices and flavoring ingredients w... more Pluripotent medicinal plants and their derivatives were famous spices and flavoring ingredients widely used in cooking and can be incorporated into different varieties of lifestyle as antioxidants and antimicrobial agents. The purpose of this project was to investigate the inhibitory properties of oak, cinnamon, oregano and thyme extracts on multidrug resistant and biofilm producing Klebsiella pneumoniae strains isolated from clinical mastitis cases in Baghdad. The statistical and scientific designing of this project depends on detection of ESBL producing K. pneumoniae strains from mastitis cases in regions of Abu-Ghraib, Al-Fudhaliyah and Al-Sadrya; via culturing and biochemical series confirmation tests. Extract disc sensitivity test, Kirby-Bauer technique using Carbapenems (Imipenem and Meropenem) with Oxoid Cefpodoxime Combination double diffusion inhibition kit using Muller-Hinton agar and McFarland turbidity tubes for checking antibiotic susceptibility pattern of isolates depending on instructions of USFDA Clinical Laboratory Standards Institute (CLSI). Preparation of crude concentrated and diluted, double distillated or purified extracts of locally collected and imported oak, cinnamon, oregano and thyme barks, leaves and nuts from different regions in Baghdad as watery and oily or alcoholic extracts according to recommendations of Codex international standards of Association of Official Agricultural Chemists (AOAC). Totally collected milk samples from mastitic Cows were thirty: ten samples from each region from January to April (2017), in which they processed according to modified food microbiological methods. Serum bactericidal power, minimum inhibitory concentration and minimum bactericidal concentration (MIC & MBC), Haemolysis pattern and Siderophore activity were checked using modified procedures. Chi-square analysis via SPSS software was applied for checking significant differences. The results revived detection of five (16.66%) isolates of K. pneumoniae out of thirty samples: three (10%) from Abu-Ghraib region and one (3.33%) from each Al-Fudhaliyah and Al-Sadrya regions, in which ESBL producers were only detected from Abu-Ghraib cases as totally three (10%) isolates themselves. Pluripotent Oak (Baloot), Cinnamon, Oregano and Thyme Extracts exhibit inhibitory effects on isolated strains of K. pneumoniae compared to selected antibiotics. These selective toxicity properties reflex their active ingredients that interacts directly and indirectly in different mechanisms with electromagnetic cloud (biofilm complex layers) of these multidrug resistant clinical isolates.
Annual Research & Review in Biology, 2018
Aims: Camelus dromedarius (dromedary or one-humped camels) are known to endure harsh
conditions i... more Aims: Camelus dromedarius (dromedary or one-humped camels) are known to endure harsh
conditions including extreme temperatures and high solar ultraviolet (UV) radiation in desert
wilderness areas. This remarkable survival in the harsh desert conditions is attributed to distinctive
bodily features enabling them to cope with this toxic environment. The present study hypothesized
that the oil rendered from camel hump fat, consisting of saturated fatty acids with omega 3, 6, 9 and
Vitamin E, has contributed to shield/protect/prevent UVA radiation damage.
Place and Duration of Study: This study was conducted in College of Veterinary Medicine,
Baghdad University, Iraq, between June 2011 and July 2012.
Methodology: White BALB/c mice aged about 3 - 4 months weighing 24 - 31 gm were divided into
four groups. Mice were shaved and three groups received different treatments of daily exposure to
UVA radiation and one group was untreated as a control.
OJVR TM Online Journal ofVeterinaryResearch ©, 2019
Lots of 20 fresh brown Marans intact eggs each weresterilized with alcohol, dried and painted 0.0... more Lots of 20 fresh brown Marans intact eggs each weresterilized with alcohol, dried and painted 0.02 ml of 1 X108 cfu /ml Klebsiella pneumoniae with or without 0.02 mlof 1 X 10 8 E. coli on the wide edge end of each egg.Controls were painted 0.02ml phosphate buff er saline.Eggs were then incubated at 4 and 25ºC for 2-72 hours and7-28 days. Sterile swabs were used to collect bacteria fromegg membrane and content for culture on blood, nutrientand MacConkey agars incubated at 37ºC for 48h. Wedetected E. coli in membranes by 48h at 25ºC and 7 daysat 4ºC whereas K. pneumoniae by 72 hours at 25ºC and 7days at 4ºC. When applied together, we found the bacteriain membranes by 24h at 25ºC and 7 days at 4ºC.Separately, we detected E. coli and K. pneumoniae in eggcontent by 7 days at 25C but none at 4C, and together byday 7 at 25ºC but not unti l 21 days at 4ºC.
Plant Archives, 2020
The main aim of the current research is to focus the light on some bacterial contamination on cra... more The main aim of the current research is to focus the light on some bacterial contamination on cracked eggshell and egg
content plus studying the sensitivity of these bacterial isolates to antibiotics. For this purpose, a total of 50 eggs were
collected from the markets in Baghdad city (Iraq) and examined for bacterial isolation from cracked eggshells and from the egg
contents. The bacterial isolates were cultured and purified then transferred to a specific media to study its sensitivity against
antibiotics. The results revealed that bacteria isolated from both cracked eggshells (46%) and egg contents (44%). The
bacteria isolated include E. coli, Staphylococcus, Enterococcus faecalis, Enterobacter and Pseudomonas. The results of
antibiotic sensitivity test showed that all bacteria are resistant to Bacitracin. It can be concluded that the consumers should
get ride of cracked eggshells and never used for human consumption.
Plant Archives, 2020
Yersinia enterocolitica has ranked a third among the pathogens that most frequently cause gastroi... more Yersinia enterocolitica has ranked a third among the pathogens that most frequently cause gastrointestinal disorders transmitted to humans
through food materials, especially contaminated meats. The meat infected with Yersinia enterocolitica had no change in apparent texture or
smell. The aim of this research is to survey the frequency of Y. enterocolitica in ovine meat, compare their ratio of infection between the
season ,To carry out this study (125) samples of local ovine meat were collected by random sampling from the middle region of Iraq. The
samples were divided into two groups steak and mince, then many microbiological tests (culture, & staining, biochemical Tests Api 20E,
Vitik 2 and species-specific PCR amplicon for 16S RNA gene) were performed. (16%) of all of the studied Ovine meats sample were
contaminated with Y. enterocolitica. The analysis of results with chi-square tests showed that there was a significant variation in the isolation
percentage between seasons, also minced ovine meat was more contaminated than steak.
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Papers by Moutaz A.W. Abdul Mounam
coronavirus 2 is a reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction
(RT-PCR) technique, but the chest CT scan might play a complementary
role at the first detection of Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19)
pneumonia.
Objectives: To determine the sensitivity of CT scan on patients with
COVID-19 in Al-Najaf, Iraq, and to compare the accuracy of CT scan
with that of RT-PCR technique.
Material and Method: This is a prospective study. The patients
suspicious of having COVID-19 infection and respiratory symptoms
were registered. All patients were diagnosed by RT-PCR and chest
CT. Diagnostic performance of CT was intended using RT-PCR as the
reference standard in the centre of coronavirus investigation in Al-Najaf
city, Iraq from March 2020 to September 2020.
Results: The study population included 125 consecutive participants
(males and females; mean age = 53 ± 17 years). Of the 125 participants,
fever was observed in 93 (74.4%), cough was observed in 81 (64.8%),
dyspnoea was observed in 47 (33%), and lymphocytopenia was observed
in 89 (71.2%) subjects. The sensitivity and specificity of chest CT scan
was 94% (95% confidence interval).
Conclusion: The typical diagnosis of Coronavirus Disease 2019 pneumonia is by RT-PCR at the first stage of infection which can then be confirmed
by chest CT.
Keywords: RT-PCR, Chest CT Scan, COVID-19, Sensitivity, Specificity
to 6.2×106 cfu/ml of P. vulgaris, the second group was exposed to 6.2 × 106 cfu/ml of S. typhimurium, and the third group was exposed to 6.2 × 106 cfu/ml of both. Individually and/or combined P. vulgaris and S. typhimurium cells were survived on egg shells for 28 days at both 37 ºC and 4 ºC. Both S.typhimurium and P.vulgaris together reached the
shell membrane and eggs' content within 7 days at 37ºC and 4 ºC, but P. vulgaris penetrate egg shell and egg content earlier within 7 days at both 37 ºC and 4 ºC, also S. typhimurium penetrate egg shell and contents within 7 days at 37 ºC, but it couldn't reach to the contents after 28 days at 4 ºC. It could be concluded that the effect of storage temperatures at both 4 ºC and 37 ºC on the affinity of penetration via egg structures for 28 days was investigated in this research, thus their effect on public health and economic importance on consumers were shown to be evaluated and discussed.
according to research design in accordance with food hygienic methodologies with some modifications during February & March 2012.Each sample was divided into 3 parts in which 50ml of each was inoculated experimentally with 1mllog5(3- 5*105 cfu \ml)of Listeria monocytogenes and incubated overnight (18-24 hrs.)at 4C°, ambient room temperature and 37C°, then counted according to Miles & Misra procedure. The results showed significant inhibitoryeffect of Goatsmilk
especially at 4C° followed by Ewes, Cows ,UHT and Buffalos milk with no fluctuations at 37 C° and this may support the idea that Goatsmilk may contain inhibitory molecules such as fatty acids in concentration and quality better than that of other species especially during retarding growth at 4C°(increasing Lag phase)of contaminant psychrophilic Listeria
monocytogenes ,while Buffalos milk enriched the growth of Listeria monocytogenes may be due to high lipid content especially those that are resuscitate multiplication of them as well as the nature of rearing of Buffalos in Iraq. These findings suggest presence of combined effect (inhibition or potentiation) of ambient growth temperature and different milk components especially fatty acids on in vitro growth of gram positive contaminant Listeria monocytogenes.
conditions including extreme temperatures and high solar ultraviolet (UV) radiation in desert
wilderness areas. This remarkable survival in the harsh desert conditions is attributed to distinctive
bodily features enabling them to cope with this toxic environment. The present study hypothesized
that the oil rendered from camel hump fat, consisting of saturated fatty acids with omega 3, 6, 9 and
Vitamin E, has contributed to shield/protect/prevent UVA radiation damage.
Place and Duration of Study: This study was conducted in College of Veterinary Medicine,
Baghdad University, Iraq, between June 2011 and July 2012.
Methodology: White BALB/c mice aged about 3 - 4 months weighing 24 - 31 gm were divided into
four groups. Mice were shaved and three groups received different treatments of daily exposure to
UVA radiation and one group was untreated as a control.
content plus studying the sensitivity of these bacterial isolates to antibiotics. For this purpose, a total of 50 eggs were
collected from the markets in Baghdad city (Iraq) and examined for bacterial isolation from cracked eggshells and from the egg
contents. The bacterial isolates were cultured and purified then transferred to a specific media to study its sensitivity against
antibiotics. The results revealed that bacteria isolated from both cracked eggshells (46%) and egg contents (44%). The
bacteria isolated include E. coli, Staphylococcus, Enterococcus faecalis, Enterobacter and Pseudomonas. The results of
antibiotic sensitivity test showed that all bacteria are resistant to Bacitracin. It can be concluded that the consumers should
get ride of cracked eggshells and never used for human consumption.
through food materials, especially contaminated meats. The meat infected with Yersinia enterocolitica had no change in apparent texture or
smell. The aim of this research is to survey the frequency of Y. enterocolitica in ovine meat, compare their ratio of infection between the
season ,To carry out this study (125) samples of local ovine meat were collected by random sampling from the middle region of Iraq. The
samples were divided into two groups steak and mince, then many microbiological tests (culture, & staining, biochemical Tests Api 20E,
Vitik 2 and species-specific PCR amplicon for 16S RNA gene) were performed. (16%) of all of the studied Ovine meats sample were
contaminated with Y. enterocolitica. The analysis of results with chi-square tests showed that there was a significant variation in the isolation
percentage between seasons, also minced ovine meat was more contaminated than steak.
coronavirus 2 is a reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction
(RT-PCR) technique, but the chest CT scan might play a complementary
role at the first detection of Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19)
pneumonia.
Objectives: To determine the sensitivity of CT scan on patients with
COVID-19 in Al-Najaf, Iraq, and to compare the accuracy of CT scan
with that of RT-PCR technique.
Material and Method: This is a prospective study. The patients
suspicious of having COVID-19 infection and respiratory symptoms
were registered. All patients were diagnosed by RT-PCR and chest
CT. Diagnostic performance of CT was intended using RT-PCR as the
reference standard in the centre of coronavirus investigation in Al-Najaf
city, Iraq from March 2020 to September 2020.
Results: The study population included 125 consecutive participants
(males and females; mean age = 53 ± 17 years). Of the 125 participants,
fever was observed in 93 (74.4%), cough was observed in 81 (64.8%),
dyspnoea was observed in 47 (33%), and lymphocytopenia was observed
in 89 (71.2%) subjects. The sensitivity and specificity of chest CT scan
was 94% (95% confidence interval).
Conclusion: The typical diagnosis of Coronavirus Disease 2019 pneumonia is by RT-PCR at the first stage of infection which can then be confirmed
by chest CT.
Keywords: RT-PCR, Chest CT Scan, COVID-19, Sensitivity, Specificity
to 6.2×106 cfu/ml of P. vulgaris, the second group was exposed to 6.2 × 106 cfu/ml of S. typhimurium, and the third group was exposed to 6.2 × 106 cfu/ml of both. Individually and/or combined P. vulgaris and S. typhimurium cells were survived on egg shells for 28 days at both 37 ºC and 4 ºC. Both S.typhimurium and P.vulgaris together reached the
shell membrane and eggs' content within 7 days at 37ºC and 4 ºC, but P. vulgaris penetrate egg shell and egg content earlier within 7 days at both 37 ºC and 4 ºC, also S. typhimurium penetrate egg shell and contents within 7 days at 37 ºC, but it couldn't reach to the contents after 28 days at 4 ºC. It could be concluded that the effect of storage temperatures at both 4 ºC and 37 ºC on the affinity of penetration via egg structures for 28 days was investigated in this research, thus their effect on public health and economic importance on consumers were shown to be evaluated and discussed.
according to research design in accordance with food hygienic methodologies with some modifications during February & March 2012.Each sample was divided into 3 parts in which 50ml of each was inoculated experimentally with 1mllog5(3- 5*105 cfu \ml)of Listeria monocytogenes and incubated overnight (18-24 hrs.)at 4C°, ambient room temperature and 37C°, then counted according to Miles & Misra procedure. The results showed significant inhibitoryeffect of Goatsmilk
especially at 4C° followed by Ewes, Cows ,UHT and Buffalos milk with no fluctuations at 37 C° and this may support the idea that Goatsmilk may contain inhibitory molecules such as fatty acids in concentration and quality better than that of other species especially during retarding growth at 4C°(increasing Lag phase)of contaminant psychrophilic Listeria
monocytogenes ,while Buffalos milk enriched the growth of Listeria monocytogenes may be due to high lipid content especially those that are resuscitate multiplication of them as well as the nature of rearing of Buffalos in Iraq. These findings suggest presence of combined effect (inhibition or potentiation) of ambient growth temperature and different milk components especially fatty acids on in vitro growth of gram positive contaminant Listeria monocytogenes.
conditions including extreme temperatures and high solar ultraviolet (UV) radiation in desert
wilderness areas. This remarkable survival in the harsh desert conditions is attributed to distinctive
bodily features enabling them to cope with this toxic environment. The present study hypothesized
that the oil rendered from camel hump fat, consisting of saturated fatty acids with omega 3, 6, 9 and
Vitamin E, has contributed to shield/protect/prevent UVA radiation damage.
Place and Duration of Study: This study was conducted in College of Veterinary Medicine,
Baghdad University, Iraq, between June 2011 and July 2012.
Methodology: White BALB/c mice aged about 3 - 4 months weighing 24 - 31 gm were divided into
four groups. Mice were shaved and three groups received different treatments of daily exposure to
UVA radiation and one group was untreated as a control.
content plus studying the sensitivity of these bacterial isolates to antibiotics. For this purpose, a total of 50 eggs were
collected from the markets in Baghdad city (Iraq) and examined for bacterial isolation from cracked eggshells and from the egg
contents. The bacterial isolates were cultured and purified then transferred to a specific media to study its sensitivity against
antibiotics. The results revealed that bacteria isolated from both cracked eggshells (46%) and egg contents (44%). The
bacteria isolated include E. coli, Staphylococcus, Enterococcus faecalis, Enterobacter and Pseudomonas. The results of
antibiotic sensitivity test showed that all bacteria are resistant to Bacitracin. It can be concluded that the consumers should
get ride of cracked eggshells and never used for human consumption.
through food materials, especially contaminated meats. The meat infected with Yersinia enterocolitica had no change in apparent texture or
smell. The aim of this research is to survey the frequency of Y. enterocolitica in ovine meat, compare their ratio of infection between the
season ,To carry out this study (125) samples of local ovine meat were collected by random sampling from the middle region of Iraq. The
samples were divided into two groups steak and mince, then many microbiological tests (culture, & staining, biochemical Tests Api 20E,
Vitik 2 and species-specific PCR amplicon for 16S RNA gene) were performed. (16%) of all of the studied Ovine meats sample were
contaminated with Y. enterocolitica. The analysis of results with chi-square tests showed that there was a significant variation in the isolation
percentage between seasons, also minced ovine meat was more contaminated than steak.