Papers by Motahareh Mirdoosti
The Neuroscience Journal of Shefaye Khatam, 2018
Although anaes thesia is generally effective, safe and also an indispensable preoperative clinica... more Although anaes thesia is generally effective, safe and also an indispensable preoperative clinical approach, there is a really growing concern about usage, form of usage and dosage of it. Pos toperative cognitive dysfunction (POCD) is one of the common pos toperative complications that often affects elderly patients and includes a range of domains, may involve oxidative s tress and neuroinflammation. The etiology of POCD has not been known till now, but it was shown that the type of surgery and type of anaes thesia (intravenous vs. volatile anes thetics) don’t have significant effect on the incidence of POCD, and as a multifactorial disorder it’s better to consider factors such as surgery, anaes thesia, in general, also the consequence of them, and patient-related predisposing factors. Also it was shown that the consequent long-term cognitive deficits, as a potentially harmful factor to the human brain, should be avoided. The detailed molecular mechanisms of POSD is also s till larg...
The Neuroscience Journal of Shefaye Khatam, 2018
Optic neuritis is commonly associated with diseases such as Multiple Sclerosis, infections, takin... more Optic neuritis is commonly associated with diseases such as Multiple Sclerosis, infections, taking special drugs, etc. but recently we have observed a patient that presented retro bulbar optic neuritis as a manifes tation of antiphospholipid syndrome. A 35 y/o young woman with the his tory of chickenpox admitted to the Qhaem hospital (Mashhad, Iran) with the c/o progressive pain and blurred vision in the left eye. the brain MRI was normal. the VEP tes t demons trated severe left optic neuritis and the right optic nerve was also mildly affected. the concentration of glucose, urea, electrolytes and CBC were WNL, but the presence of autoimmune antibodies in her blood proposed the probability of an autoimmune disease. she received Corton and Val acyclovir orally. After receiving Corton pulses her vision was moderately improved and she was released with some drug prescriptions. Also she was to perform vasculitis tes ts.13 days later, after consulting with the rheumatologis t about the re...
The Neuroscience Journal of Shefaye Khatam, 2018
Food habits have a serious role in the emergence of the diseases and inflammation that causes man... more Food habits have a serious role in the emergence of the diseases and inflammation that causes many kinds of diseases. Some case-control s tudies concluded that high animal fat and choles terol in diet is associated with some neuroinflammatory diseases such as Parkinson and Alzheimer. High level of choles terol and lipopolysaccharides(LPS) include the peripheral inflammation in the body. There is evidence that activation of immune and inflammatory processes occurs in a variety of epilepsies. Also, there are animal trials that show peripheral inflammation can cause the NeuroInflammation and oxidative s tress and in this condition, activation of microglial cells and producing inflammatory cytokines have an important role in epileptic disorders. LPS-induced Peripheral inflammation evokes NeuroInflammation in the hippocampus and increases the seizure susceptibility. On the other hand, s tudies show the vegetarianism can obviously reduce the level of inflammation. level of inflammation by...
The Neuroscience Journal of Shefaye Khatam, 2018
One of the mos t common pos toperative complications is Pos toperative cognitive dysfunction (POC... more One of the mos t common pos toperative complications is Pos toperative cognitive dysfunction (POCD), and it’s usually a geriatric’s disease. Although many s tudies have done, the exact molecular mechanisms of POCD is s till largely unknown; nevertheless, neuroinflammation has been increasingly denoted as one of the core mechanisms for the pathogenesis of POCD. As a hypothesize, surgery-induced neuroinflammation was sugges ted to mediate POCD and also play an important role in pathobiology of neurodegenerative diseases, s troke, and neuropsychiatric disorders. The abdominal surgery as a different form of disease is symptoms, molecular imparity and area of disorder in the brain attracted lots of attentions. One of the probable mechanisms that shows that explains why abdominal surgery leads to POCD is Mas t Cells-Neurovascular Unit Communication. There is a significant communication between the immune sys tem and the central nervous sys tem (CNS). Mas t cells, as the firs t responders ...
The Neuroscience Journal of Shefaye Khatam, 2018
Pos t-traumatic s tress disorder (PTSD) is a mental health condition that’s triggered by a terrif... more Pos t-traumatic s tress disorder (PTSD) is a mental health condition that’s triggered by a terrifying event either experiencing it or witnessing it. In addition to the relationship between PTSD and neuroinflammation, research indicates that olfactory bulb are effective in anxiety disorders. The aim of this s tudy was to assess the electrophysiological activity of olfactory bulb in the animal model of PTSD and its relationship with neuroinflammation in its area. 36 rats were divided into two groups: control and experiment. The modified Zoladz method was used to es tablish a PTSD animal model. Then, behavioral tes ts (open field (OF) and elevated plus maze (EPM)), electrophysiological evaluation (field potential) of olfactory bulb, and assessment of serum cortisol (as an inflammatory marker) were done. It was followed by dissection of the rat’s brains, which could be apply for analysis of neurogenesis and inflammatory factors. In oF tes t, the time spent in the central area and in EPM...
The Neuroscience Journal of Shefaye Khatam, 2018
Alzheimer, a chronic neurodegenerative disease, usually s tarts slowly and worsens gradually. It ... more Alzheimer, a chronic neurodegenerative disease, usually s tarts slowly and worsens gradually. It causes 60% to 70% of dementia cases. Difficulty in remembering recent events (short-term memory loss) is the mos t prominent early symptom. As the disease progresses, patients may have problems such as impaired language, disorientation (including easily getting los t), mood swings, loss of motivation, not managing self-care, and behavioral issues. The potential damaging effect of air pollution on the central nervous sys tem is also inves tigated and there’s mounting evidence of a link between air pollution exposure and neurodegenerative pathologies, especially Alzheimer’s disease. Air pollution is thought to increase the risk of neurological diseases by developing neuro-inflammation, oxidative s tress, glial activation and cerebrovascular damage. In animal models, contaminated particles can activate microglial cells and increase the secretion of IL-6, IL-1b, and TNF-a, leading to neuro-i...
The Neuroscience Journal of Shefaye Khatam, 2018
Neuro-inflammation, biochemical and cellular responses of the nervous sys tem to injury, infectio... more Neuro-inflammation, biochemical and cellular responses of the nervous sys tem to injury, infection or neurodegenerative diseases, is a major risk factor for Alzheimer’s, Parkinson’s and Multiple Sclerosis. Periodontitis is a serious bacterial gum infection that damages the soft tissue and teeth supporting bones, causing teeth loss. It also renders sys temic inflammation by secretion of pro-inflammatory cytokines and microglia activation and subsequently, causes neuroinflammation. Mechanical removal, sys temic anti-infective therapy and local anti-infective therapy are used to treat periodontitis. Based on recent s tudies, local application of herbal gels has a considerable positive effect on bacterial plaque removing and treating periodontitis. Coriandrum Sativum is a traditionally used medicinal plant. Its extract has tannin that has anti-inflammatory, antibacterial and antioxidant properties and is used in cosmetics. Many s tudies indicate no remarkable side-effects for this herb,...
The Neuroscience Journal of Shefaye Khatam, 2018
introduction:One of the mos t important chalenges in s tuding the anxiety disorders like PTSD is ... more introduction:One of the mos t important chalenges in s tuding the anxiety disorders like PTSD is ethical limits in order to make the animal anxious. Sometimes this anxiety should las t for a long time such as rodent models of PTSD, and this needs aggressive proceses on rats.We found a new approach for a rodent model of PTSD, wich seems to be more efficient and ethical. Materials and Methouds: 36 adult male Wis tar rats weighing 200±20 were divided into two groups of experimental and control. The experimental group were exposed to a male adult cat for 5 minutes, one by one. The cat was kept hungry for 14 hours and the rat`s cage was smeared up with cat`s food. the control group have not been exposed to the cat. After 7 days, the EPM and the Open-field tes t was performed and the blood samples were sent to laboratory for corticos teroid tes ts. Results: The results of the EPM tes t in conjunction of the open-field tes t showed that the anxiety in the experimental group was significant...
Middle East Journal of Cancer, 2020
Background: Papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) is the most prevalent malignancy of the endocrine s... more Background: Papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) is the most prevalent malignancy of the endocrine system. This study was aimed at evaluating the serum substance P (SP) levels, the tissue distribution of Neurokinin-1 receptors (NK1-R), and their possible diagnostic value in PTC. Method: The present case-control study included 31 healthy volunteers and 31 cases (age range: 25-64, 40.26 ±12.77) who were primarily diagnosed with PTC and were candidates for total thyroidectomy. Pre-operative serum level of SP was measured using a commercial ELISA kit. The tissue distribution of NK1-R was assessed immunohistochemically. Results: The serum level of SP in the patient group was higher than the healthy volunteers (P-value =.005). Besides, the expression of NK1-R was higher in tumoral tissues compared with their normal surroundings (P-value =.005). However, we observed no significant correlation between either SP level or NK1-R expression and the disease stage or lymph node involvement. Conclusi...
One of the incapacitating pos toperative morbidities that was seen in all types of surgery is Pos... more One of the incapacitating pos toperative morbidities that was seen in all types of surgery is Pos toperative cognitive dysfunction (POCD). The elder patients and also cardiac surgery patients (CSPs) are at particular risk. Additionally it was shown that the severity, extension of impairment and the incidence rate of POCD is more in CSPs. POCD is a dementia-like symptoms disorder is characterized by symptoms such as memory impairment, loss of concentration, an inability to plan, and difficulty to switch between tasks. In the CSPs not only the impairment of spatial memory like other kinds of surgery can occur, but also spatial learning and object recognition impair can be observed. Several mechanisms have been sugges ted for this disorder. Many of s tudies show the neuroinflammation process involvement. Some possible mechanisms that lead to neuroinflammation are pos toperative increase in sys temic and hippocampal proinflammatory cytokines and macrogelial and mas t calls activation. I...
Introduction: Self-medication is a double-edged sword the proper application of which is apprecia... more Introduction: Self-medication is a double-edged sword the proper application of which is appreciated by the World Health Organization (WHO) guidelines since it can reduce the unnecessary pressure on the health care system. However, self-medication can lead to severe consequences if utilized inappropriately. Furthermore, self-medication practice is an important social health issue in medical students as educated people and would-be physicians. This study aimed to determine the knowledge, attitude, and practice of self-medication in medical students of Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran. Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional questionnaire-based study included 296 medical students at distinct levels of education. The data were analyzed in SPSS software (version 26). Results: Based on the findings, more than 80% of the students were aware of the complications, drug interactions, and importance of accurate use; however, only 9.1% and 27% of the participants were ...
present therapeutic methods for PTSD are not efficient enough to reduce or disappear all the symp... more present therapeutic methods for PTSD are not efficient enough to reduce or disappear all the symptoms.several peripheral factors can affect developing and treating PTSD, such as human microbiota. There is a growing volume of evidence showing the effect of gut microbiota on brain and behaviour.PTSD is associated with an inflammatory s tate in blood, brain and cerebrospinal fluid.also, there is evidence showing that the gut microbiota can affect the pathogenesis of mental diseases with the mechanism of inflammation.so, the inflammation can be considered as a mechanism of interaction between microbiota and PTSD. PTSD is along with sleep disorders and there are evidence showing that by treating the sleep disorders, we can have a general improvement in PTSD symptoms.also it is shown that intes tinal dysbiosis can cause sleep disorders and by adding probiotics to the dysbiosed rats, their sleep disorder improved, so it can be considered as an evidence on the efficiency of altering the gut...
The Neuroscience Journal of Shefaye Khatam, 2018
Neuro-inflammation is the inflammation of nervous tissue due to oxidative s tress, aging and auto... more Neuro-inflammation is the inflammation of nervous tissue due to oxidative s tress, aging and autoimmunity and the major cause of Alzheimer’s, Parkinson’s and Huntington’s disease. Periodontitis, the inflammation of the gums and supporting s tructures of the teeth, is a chronic peripheral immuno-inflammatory condition, affiliated with gramnegative, anaerobic bacteria that cause low-grade sys temic inflammation by release of pro-inflammatory cytokines into sys temic circulation and activation of microglia; So recent s tudies advocate for links between neuro-inflammatory diseases and periodontitis; Because neuro-inflammatory diseases begin to develop many years before clinical diagnosis and treating sys temic inflammations like periodontitis may have an inhibitory effect on the pathogenesis of neuro-inflammation. Boswellia Serrata, a traditionally used herbal medicine, has anti-inflammatory and antibacterial properties; mainly noticed on Aggegatibacter actinomycetemcomitans, associated...
Acta Neurobiologiae Experimentalis
Failure of extinction of fear-conditioned traumatic memory is the main pathology behind post-trau... more Failure of extinction of fear-conditioned traumatic memory is the main pathology behind post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). Functional and structural dysfunctions in the olfactory system are implicated by studies in PTSD patients. However, little is known regarding the neurobiological networks of trauma-related odor sensitivity in PTSD. Male Wistar rats were exposed with a female cat for 10 min and long-term stress was evaluated by behavioral tests, containing open field (OF) and elevated plus maze (EPM). To prove the PTSD model, the serum level of cortisol was evaluated and compared with the control group. Local field potential (LFP) was applied to compare the electrophysiology of the OB in two groups. To assess neurogenesis, the expression of nestin, and doublecortin were evaluated. Data from EPM revealed a significant increase in spent time in the closed arms in PTSD group. We observed a significant reduction in OF parameters in terms of the total distance traveled, the time spent in the central zone, and the number of crossing the central zone in PTSD group compared to the control group. The mean serum cortisol level was significantly higher in the PTSD group than the control group. In LFP recording, the slope and the amplitude of field excitatory postsynaptic potential (fEPSP) in the PTSD group were significantly higher than that of the control group. Our results also showed that the mRNA expression level of nestin as a neural progenitor marker and doublecortin, as an immature neuron marker, significantly decreased in the PTSD group compared to the control group. This study has shown that PTSD can disrupt the OB function through decreasing neurogenesis. More information on PTSD and OB would help us to establish a greater degree of accuracy on this matter.
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Papers by Motahareh Mirdoosti