Jundishapur Journal of Natural Pharmaceutical Products, May 10, 2022
Background: Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a complex endocrine disorder associated with irre... more Background: Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a complex endocrine disorder associated with irregular menstrual cycles, hyperandrogenism, obesity, and reduced fertility. Objectives: The present study aimed to formulate herbal syrup based on Iranian traditional medicine (ITM) and evaluate its effect on the letrozole-induced PCOS model in female rats. Methods: The herbal syrup contains anise, fennel, and celery seed extracts. Five different formulations were made with different percentages of additive components. Quality control and stability tests were performed on the selected formulation. During the in vivo step, 6 groups of rats were evaluated: The control group (received carboxymethyl cellulose 1% as a vehicle) and the other 5 groups (received letrozole 1 mg/kg orally for 21 days). During 21 days, daily vaginal smears were examined to detect irregularities of the estrous cycle. After induction of PCOS, rats were orally administered with herbal syrup (1, 2, 4 mL/kg) or metformin (200 mg/kg) for 28 days. Moreover, body and ovarian weights, serum follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH), luteinizing hormone (LH), estradiol, progesterone, and testosterone were measured. Finally, ovarian tissues were isolated for histological examination. Results: The best formulation of the syrup contained the plant extract (totally 10%), sugar (50%), sodium benzoate (0.1%), and potassium sorbate (0.1%). Body weight was significantly increased in all groups compared to the control group, and after treatment, a significant weight reduction was seen in the metformin and 1-mL/kg dose group. Following PCOS induction, ovary weight was significantly increased, while after treatment, it showed a significant decrease. After 21 days of letrozole administration, induction of PCOS was confirmed by the irregularities in estrous cycles and an increase in testosterone and LH levels. After treatments with the syrup, LH levels significantly decreased in all groups (P < 0.05), and serum testosterone and FSH levels significantly decreased in the 2-mL/kg dose group compared to the PCOS group (P < 0.05). Estradiol and progesterone levels significantly increased in the treatment groups in a dose-dependent manner. Histological studies of metformin and herbal syrup groups exhibited normal follicular development with fewer and smaller cystic follicles compared to the PCOS group. Conclusions: The herbal syrup made from anise, fennel, and celery seed extracts improved serum levels of sex hormones, recovered the ovarian morphology in PCOS-induced rats, and can be a good candidate for further clinical trials.
Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology, 2021
Persian Medicine (PM) or Humoral Medicine is a traditional school of medicine with thousands of y... more Persian Medicine (PM) or Humoral Medicine is a traditional school of medicine with thousands of years of prolific history. The concept of Mizaj (temperament) and hot-cold theory is one of PM's most important foundations. In the clinical setting, Mizaj represents individual differences in phenotypical, psychological, spiritual, and physiological functions. Mizaj has a crucial role in determining the treatment plan, to the point that a similar disease in patients with different Mizaj types may demand different treatments. In this chapter, the role of hot and cold theory in the diagnosis and treatment of diseases to develop an integrative medical approach is discussed.
Objective: The aim of this pilot study was to assess the effect of processed Nigella Sativa (N. S... more Objective: The aim of this pilot study was to assess the effect of processed Nigella Sativa (N. Sativa) on oligomenorrhea and amenorrhea in patients with Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome (PCOS). Materials and Methods: Ten women diagnosed with PCOS, having oligo-amenorrhea, participated in this study. The National Institutes of Health (NIH)’s criteria were used for the diagnosis. The patients, between 18 to 38 years old, were treated with 2 g/day of encapsulated processed N. Sativa for 16 weeks. This study compared menstruation habits before and after the medication. A series of metabolic and hormonal investigations was done at the beginning and the end of the study. Participants did not take any other medications. Monthly visits were done to assess the treatment. The effects of N. Sativa on the menstrual cycle was evaluated by four criteria: menstruation occurrence, menstruations intervals, menstruation severity and menstruation duration. The blood test results were analyzed using Stata ...
The problem of infertility is growing rapidly in the world. Traditional medicine with thousands o... more The problem of infertility is growing rapidly in the world. Traditional medicine with thousands of years of history has claimed that it can treat some kinds of infertility using nutritional and lifestyle modifications and interventions. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of a traditional medicine-oriented diet and lifestyle on infertility treatment. Based on a clinical trial study, 180 infertile women who were 20–40 years old and candidates for in vitro fertilization (IVF) were randomly assigned to 2 groups: an intervention group and a control group. The intervention group used diet and lifestyle recommendations based on Iranian traditional medicine for at least 3 months. The number of ova, mature ovum number, embryo number, embryo quality, and fertilization rate were significantly higher in the intervention group than in the control group (for all items; p < 0.05). Overall pregnancy rate was significantly higher in the intervention group (35.2 vs. 12.4%; odds r...
Crescent Journal of Medical and Biological Sciences, Jul 3, 2020
This review investigates the existing research with regard to a variety of different suggested me... more This review investigates the existing research with regard to a variety of different suggested methods by traditional Persian medicine (TPM) about the baby's sex selection. Materials and Methods: A comprehensive scoping review including five stages was conducted to summarize evidence on preimplantation sex selection in TPM. The research question and relevant studies were identified in stages 1 and 2, respectively. Then, studies were selected and data were charted in stages 3 and 4, and finally, the results were collated, summarized, and reported in stage 5. Results: Accordingly, 7 general categories were arranged, including the temperament of the sexual organs in a man, the temperament of sexual organs in a woman, the type of male semen, and timing and manner of sexual intercourse for fetus sex induction purposes. Other categories were the effect of environmental factors, the couple's psychic states during the course of love-making, the couple's age, and measures for male sex induction. Conclusions: This review summarizes the existing research regarding different suggested methods by TPM on the baby's sex selection. These could well be the basis for further prospective scientific research and investigation.
DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals), Dec 1, 2018
Based on numerous written works of Persian scholars of Middle ages, Traditional Persian Medicine ... more Based on numerous written works of Persian scholars of Middle ages, Traditional Persian Medicine (TPM) has its own capabilities and strengths. According to TPM, vaginal drug delivery was prioritized to treat gynecological disorders because of the adjacency of uterine and cervix to vagina. This study was carried out to introduce and extract vaginal multi-component dosage forms, suggested by eight key medicinal manuscripts. Traditional terms of abzan, bakhour, fetileh, forzjeh, ghatour, jalous, hamoul, hoghneh, and shiaf were sought as keywords. About 680 vaginal formulations were found for various gynecological disorders such as abortion, amenorrhea, and cervical stenosis. Vaginal dosage forms were categorized based on three physical conditions including solid (forzjeh, fetileh, hamoul, and shiaf), liquid (abzan, jalous, ghatour and hoghneh), and gas or smoke (bakhour). More detailed analysis of each vaginal dosage form based on traditional documents is suggested .
DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals), Dec 1, 2016
Sir,We've read with much eagerness the article entitled “An overview of amenorrhea and respec... more Sir,We've read with much eagerness the article entitled “An overview of amenorrhea and respective remedies in Traditional Persian Medicine,” published in your venerable journal. The honorable authors compiled herbal remedies of amenorrhea in Traditional Persian Medicine(TPM). Based on the findings of this study, 71 medicinal plants were found as emmenagogue in medical and pharmaceutical manuscripts of Persian medicine.The authors have also mentioned that only Foeniculum vulgare had therapeutic effects on amenorrhea in a randomized placebo-controlled trial.In a comprehensive survey, we searched the principle medical and pharmaceutical text books of Persian Medicine to extract and amass medicinal materia causing menstruation and then we also searched databases to achieve any evidance for the efficiency of the plants on amenorrhea. So we want to remind some points about the article issue and their findings.Selection proper key word is indispensable and helpful to search more completely and exhaustively. According to the article issue, Using “Moder” as a main keyword may be necessary but the respectable authors have not exerted this essential key word. Based on the findings of our study, more than 150 medicinal plants have been mentioned as emmenagogue in ancient Persian Medicine text books. Some of these herbal remedies are Vitex agnus-castus, Sesamum indicum, Paeonia lactiflora, Artemesia vulgaris L, Bitter Almond, Peganum harmala, Ricinus communis, Valeriana officinalis, Brassica oleracea, Marrubium vulgare L,… that were not mentioned in the article. The difference in the keywords and failure to use the term “Moder” and its synonym in Arabic as a main keyword make differences in the findings(1-4).The strategy of search in data bases is not very clear.The worshipful authors did not mention that by what keywords emmenagogue activities of plants have been searched in data bases. In addition to amenorrhea, oligomenorrhea, menstruation and …, we searched by some other keywords like PCOs or hyperandrogenism which are the causes of amenorrhea. So despite of few studies in this field, addition to clinical study on fennel, emmenagogue effect of another more plants like Mentha longifoli, Vitex agnus-castus, Sesamum indicum, Cinnamomum verum, Trigonella foenum-graceum L.and Urtica dioica have been reported in some clinical trials(5-10).Plants with different mechanisms may be effective on menstruation. Some possible mechanisms like lowering LH and prolactin in addition to estrogenic activity have been expressed for inducing menstruation in different studies(11, 12).
Due to an interaction between gall wasp Andricus sternlichti Bellido and Quercus infectoria G.Oli... more Due to an interaction between gall wasp Andricus sternlichti Bellido and Quercus infectoria G.Olivier from Fagaceae, the oak galls with a wide range of industrial and pharmaceutical applications are produced. Quercus infectoria galls have been well-known by both ethnopharmacology and traditional medicine of Iran. The aim of current study was a comprehensive collection of Persian scholars' notions and recent findings about medicinal effects of this gall. Sixteen traditional manuscripts of one millennium were sought by two keywords ("Afs" and "Mazu". Arabic and Persian names of Quercus gall, respectively), and relevant articles till October 2018 were reviewed. In traditional manuscripts, three main dosage forms from gall including decoction, powder, and poultice were found. They had been prescribed for about of thirty disorders. Except for one clinical trial, other articles described related to animal studies and antimicrobial effect evaluation. Since Quercus infectoria gall as an endemic natural product of Iran is a valuable source for export, ethnic usages and pharmaceutical applications, the outcomes of this study can be beneficial for researchers involved in development of natural medications.
Cervicitis is an inflammatory condition of the cervix associated with upper genital tract infecti... more Cervicitis is an inflammatory condition of the cervix associated with upper genital tract infection and reproductive complications. Therapy for cervicitis in conventional system is the use of antibiotics and antifungal therapies and surgical interventions, none of these treatments provides the definite efficacy in spite of high cost and side effect. So there is a need for alternate therapy which is safe, effective, easily available and free from side effects. Our study focuses on medicinal plants mentioned in main Iranian Traditional Medicine reference books. Medicinal plants mentioned in Iranian Traditional Medicine for treatment of Cervicitis were elicited and searched in electronic databases including PubMed, Scopus, Science direct and Google Scholar to find studies that confirmed their efficacy. The findings included 311plants(Which are mentioned below) belonging to 21 families, research findings showed that these plants that have mentioned in the Iranian Traditional Medicine resources can contribute to the recovery and treatment of cervicitis through anti-inflammatory, anti-oxidant, anti-bacterial and anti-fungal, wound healing and analgesic effects. Finding the medicinal plants effective on cervicitis based on ITM could suggest a better strategy for relieving and management cervicitis symptoms especially in recurrent or persistent condition. In following step effect of selected plants were investigated. Results are confirmed the effect of Lawsonia inermis on treating Cervicitis which is currently in progress (Zareshahi et al. 2018).
Introduction: cervical ripening is on of the main stage of initiating of labor and it is very imp... more Introduction: cervical ripening is on of the main stage of initiating of labor and it is very important for successf initiating or induction of labor. Prganeum Harmala seeds thru have derivatives such as vasecine and vasicnone cause stimulat of uterus contraction and other derivatives like Harman cause to release nitric oxide. That inductor cervical ripening. This study accomplished with the aim of determining the effect of peganeum Hrmala smoke on cervical ripening, initiation and outcome of labor. Method: In randomize clinical trial 204 term pregnant women – referring to shahid moarefi zadeh Hospital in shadegan were chosen and randomly were put in 2 groups: intervention, (give of peganeum Garmala that warm by barazier to change smoke) and control (to get warm by barzier)/ Subjects were followed with regard to cervical ripening and initial of labor after 48 and 72 hours and admission time. The tools for gathering information were demographic characteris tics and midwifery questionnaire, observation form and physical examination, daily record and follow up forns. Content validity is used for determining validity. Inter- rater reliability is used. Manvitney, chi-square, fisger exact tests are used for analysi> statistic with spss 18. Results: Cervical ripening was significant difference between two groups after 48 hours and 49-72 hours (p<0/001). Bishop score mean was increased siynificant, in the 48 hours and admission time. (p<0/001). Labor initiating time, first and second stage of labor was shorter in the intervention group than the control. Analgesic and oxytocin want rate to be decreased, between two groups significantly (p<0/001). There was showed significant difference in fetal complications such as: birth time and five minet Apgar score, meconium discharge, fetal distress and patient satisfaction from child birth, between two groups (p<0/001). Discussion & Conclusion: Research results show that peganeum harmala smoke is safe and almost free of any side effecs. It can cause cervical ripening.
Complementary Therapies in Clinical Practice, Feb 1, 2022
BACKGROUND Menopausal symptoms have negative effects on the aspects of quality of life and impose... more BACKGROUND Menopausal symptoms have negative effects on the aspects of quality of life and impose a high cost on the health system. In traditional Persian medicine, pomegranate is recommended to alleviate menopausal symptoms. MATERIAL AND METHODS A randomized double-blind placebo-controlled trial was performed among 78 healthy women. Participants were interviewed three times: Before receiving the supplement/placebo, after completing the treatment, and after 3 weeks with no intervention. They filled out the demographic information sheet, modified-Kupperman index, and Menopause-Specific Quality of Life (MENQOL) questionnaires. RESULTS The mean scores of the modified-Kupperman index and MENQOL characteristics before and after the treatment and after the follow-up period were significantly different between pomegranate and placebo groups in both modified-Kupperman and MENQOL scores (p < 0.001). CONCLUSION This study demonstrated that 4 weeks' treatment with the pomegranate supplement significantly ameliorates the irritating symptoms of menopause and improves the quality of life in menopausal women even after 4 weeks' medicine deprivation.
Sadiqa Mosavi, data collection, preparing the first draft; Malihe Tabarrai, data collection, revi... more Sadiqa Mosavi, data collection, preparing the first draft; Malihe Tabarrai, data collection, revising the draft; Shadab Shahali, conception or design of the work (supervisor), revising the draft; Mojgan Tansaz, interpretation of data, revising the draft; Hamid Salehinia, analysis and interpretation of data; Susanne Grylka-Baeschlin, interpretation of data, revising the draft; Azam Rahmani, conception or design of the work (supervisor), revising the draft, final approval the revisions. All the listed authors have read and approved the submitted manuscript.
Background: The process of diagnosis and treatment in Persian medicine (PM) are based on the conc... more Background: The process of diagnosis and treatment in Persian medicine (PM) are based on the concept of Mizaj (temperament). Among the indices of Mizaj determination, anthropometric indices are less influenceable regarding age change and other environmental factors. The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between anthropometric indices and Mizaj. Methods: Four PM experts determined the Mizaj of 121 participants. Those who had ≥70% agreement in their Mizaj determination by the experts were selected and their anthropometric indices were measured. The best cutoff point of each index and its relationship with the defined Mizaj were extracted using Receiver Operative Characteristic Curve and Binary Logistic Regression. Results: 52 out of 121 participants entered the main study. The warm-Mizaj people had larger dimensions in height, shoulder, chest, palm and sole width, and head height. Cold-Mizaj people had smaller dimensions in weight, height, shoulder, chest and head. High levels of BMI, chest depth and head dimensions had the highest correlation with the wet Mizaj and lower dimensions of these indices had the highest correlation with the dry Mizaj. Conclusion: Among the anthropometric indices, chest, palm, sole dimensions, head height and weight had the highest correlation with warmness/coldness and BMI, head width and chest dimensions had the highest correlation with wetness/dryness. The BMI which is more closely related to the soft tissue, only correlates with the wetness/dryness, while, bone dimensions are associated with warmness/coldness. Further studies are needed to metricize the anthropometric indices for Mizaj determination.
Amenorrhea and oligomenorrhea are the most prevalent menstruation disorder in the world and also ... more Amenorrhea and oligomenorrhea are the most prevalent menstruation disorder in the world and also in Iran. In Iranian traditional medicine amenorrhea, oligomenorrhea and also hypomenorrhea have been known just as ”Ehteebas tams”. From the perspective of Iranian traditional medicine, Amenorrhea enables to induce numerous complications on brain, respiratory system, uterus and other organs. Uterus complication of amenorrhea consists of infertility, uterus strangulation (Ekhtenagh rahem), uterus inflammation (varam rahem) and Anatomical changes of the uterus (Mayalan rahem). In this paper, uterine diseases due to amenorrhea and their mechanism is studied. Investigation of these disease complications and its effects on body and uterus in Iranian traditional medicine emphasize on treatment importance and causing of regular and normal menstruation.
Jundishapur Journal of Natural Pharmaceutical Products, May 10, 2022
Background: Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a complex endocrine disorder associated with irre... more Background: Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a complex endocrine disorder associated with irregular menstrual cycles, hyperandrogenism, obesity, and reduced fertility. Objectives: The present study aimed to formulate herbal syrup based on Iranian traditional medicine (ITM) and evaluate its effect on the letrozole-induced PCOS model in female rats. Methods: The herbal syrup contains anise, fennel, and celery seed extracts. Five different formulations were made with different percentages of additive components. Quality control and stability tests were performed on the selected formulation. During the in vivo step, 6 groups of rats were evaluated: The control group (received carboxymethyl cellulose 1% as a vehicle) and the other 5 groups (received letrozole 1 mg/kg orally for 21 days). During 21 days, daily vaginal smears were examined to detect irregularities of the estrous cycle. After induction of PCOS, rats were orally administered with herbal syrup (1, 2, 4 mL/kg) or metformin (200 mg/kg) for 28 days. Moreover, body and ovarian weights, serum follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH), luteinizing hormone (LH), estradiol, progesterone, and testosterone were measured. Finally, ovarian tissues were isolated for histological examination. Results: The best formulation of the syrup contained the plant extract (totally 10%), sugar (50%), sodium benzoate (0.1%), and potassium sorbate (0.1%). Body weight was significantly increased in all groups compared to the control group, and after treatment, a significant weight reduction was seen in the metformin and 1-mL/kg dose group. Following PCOS induction, ovary weight was significantly increased, while after treatment, it showed a significant decrease. After 21 days of letrozole administration, induction of PCOS was confirmed by the irregularities in estrous cycles and an increase in testosterone and LH levels. After treatments with the syrup, LH levels significantly decreased in all groups (P < 0.05), and serum testosterone and FSH levels significantly decreased in the 2-mL/kg dose group compared to the PCOS group (P < 0.05). Estradiol and progesterone levels significantly increased in the treatment groups in a dose-dependent manner. Histological studies of metformin and herbal syrup groups exhibited normal follicular development with fewer and smaller cystic follicles compared to the PCOS group. Conclusions: The herbal syrup made from anise, fennel, and celery seed extracts improved serum levels of sex hormones, recovered the ovarian morphology in PCOS-induced rats, and can be a good candidate for further clinical trials.
Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology, 2021
Persian Medicine (PM) or Humoral Medicine is a traditional school of medicine with thousands of y... more Persian Medicine (PM) or Humoral Medicine is a traditional school of medicine with thousands of years of prolific history. The concept of Mizaj (temperament) and hot-cold theory is one of PM's most important foundations. In the clinical setting, Mizaj represents individual differences in phenotypical, psychological, spiritual, and physiological functions. Mizaj has a crucial role in determining the treatment plan, to the point that a similar disease in patients with different Mizaj types may demand different treatments. In this chapter, the role of hot and cold theory in the diagnosis and treatment of diseases to develop an integrative medical approach is discussed.
Objective: The aim of this pilot study was to assess the effect of processed Nigella Sativa (N. S... more Objective: The aim of this pilot study was to assess the effect of processed Nigella Sativa (N. Sativa) on oligomenorrhea and amenorrhea in patients with Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome (PCOS). Materials and Methods: Ten women diagnosed with PCOS, having oligo-amenorrhea, participated in this study. The National Institutes of Health (NIH)’s criteria were used for the diagnosis. The patients, between 18 to 38 years old, were treated with 2 g/day of encapsulated processed N. Sativa for 16 weeks. This study compared menstruation habits before and after the medication. A series of metabolic and hormonal investigations was done at the beginning and the end of the study. Participants did not take any other medications. Monthly visits were done to assess the treatment. The effects of N. Sativa on the menstrual cycle was evaluated by four criteria: menstruation occurrence, menstruations intervals, menstruation severity and menstruation duration. The blood test results were analyzed using Stata ...
The problem of infertility is growing rapidly in the world. Traditional medicine with thousands o... more The problem of infertility is growing rapidly in the world. Traditional medicine with thousands of years of history has claimed that it can treat some kinds of infertility using nutritional and lifestyle modifications and interventions. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of a traditional medicine-oriented diet and lifestyle on infertility treatment. Based on a clinical trial study, 180 infertile women who were 20–40 years old and candidates for in vitro fertilization (IVF) were randomly assigned to 2 groups: an intervention group and a control group. The intervention group used diet and lifestyle recommendations based on Iranian traditional medicine for at least 3 months. The number of ova, mature ovum number, embryo number, embryo quality, and fertilization rate were significantly higher in the intervention group than in the control group (for all items; p < 0.05). Overall pregnancy rate was significantly higher in the intervention group (35.2 vs. 12.4%; odds r...
Crescent Journal of Medical and Biological Sciences, Jul 3, 2020
This review investigates the existing research with regard to a variety of different suggested me... more This review investigates the existing research with regard to a variety of different suggested methods by traditional Persian medicine (TPM) about the baby's sex selection. Materials and Methods: A comprehensive scoping review including five stages was conducted to summarize evidence on preimplantation sex selection in TPM. The research question and relevant studies were identified in stages 1 and 2, respectively. Then, studies were selected and data were charted in stages 3 and 4, and finally, the results were collated, summarized, and reported in stage 5. Results: Accordingly, 7 general categories were arranged, including the temperament of the sexual organs in a man, the temperament of sexual organs in a woman, the type of male semen, and timing and manner of sexual intercourse for fetus sex induction purposes. Other categories were the effect of environmental factors, the couple's psychic states during the course of love-making, the couple's age, and measures for male sex induction. Conclusions: This review summarizes the existing research regarding different suggested methods by TPM on the baby's sex selection. These could well be the basis for further prospective scientific research and investigation.
DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals), Dec 1, 2018
Based on numerous written works of Persian scholars of Middle ages, Traditional Persian Medicine ... more Based on numerous written works of Persian scholars of Middle ages, Traditional Persian Medicine (TPM) has its own capabilities and strengths. According to TPM, vaginal drug delivery was prioritized to treat gynecological disorders because of the adjacency of uterine and cervix to vagina. This study was carried out to introduce and extract vaginal multi-component dosage forms, suggested by eight key medicinal manuscripts. Traditional terms of abzan, bakhour, fetileh, forzjeh, ghatour, jalous, hamoul, hoghneh, and shiaf were sought as keywords. About 680 vaginal formulations were found for various gynecological disorders such as abortion, amenorrhea, and cervical stenosis. Vaginal dosage forms were categorized based on three physical conditions including solid (forzjeh, fetileh, hamoul, and shiaf), liquid (abzan, jalous, ghatour and hoghneh), and gas or smoke (bakhour). More detailed analysis of each vaginal dosage form based on traditional documents is suggested .
DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals), Dec 1, 2016
Sir,We've read with much eagerness the article entitled “An overview of amenorrhea and respec... more Sir,We've read with much eagerness the article entitled “An overview of amenorrhea and respective remedies in Traditional Persian Medicine,” published in your venerable journal. The honorable authors compiled herbal remedies of amenorrhea in Traditional Persian Medicine(TPM). Based on the findings of this study, 71 medicinal plants were found as emmenagogue in medical and pharmaceutical manuscripts of Persian medicine.The authors have also mentioned that only Foeniculum vulgare had therapeutic effects on amenorrhea in a randomized placebo-controlled trial.In a comprehensive survey, we searched the principle medical and pharmaceutical text books of Persian Medicine to extract and amass medicinal materia causing menstruation and then we also searched databases to achieve any evidance for the efficiency of the plants on amenorrhea. So we want to remind some points about the article issue and their findings.Selection proper key word is indispensable and helpful to search more completely and exhaustively. According to the article issue, Using “Moder” as a main keyword may be necessary but the respectable authors have not exerted this essential key word. Based on the findings of our study, more than 150 medicinal plants have been mentioned as emmenagogue in ancient Persian Medicine text books. Some of these herbal remedies are Vitex agnus-castus, Sesamum indicum, Paeonia lactiflora, Artemesia vulgaris L, Bitter Almond, Peganum harmala, Ricinus communis, Valeriana officinalis, Brassica oleracea, Marrubium vulgare L,… that were not mentioned in the article. The difference in the keywords and failure to use the term “Moder” and its synonym in Arabic as a main keyword make differences in the findings(1-4).The strategy of search in data bases is not very clear.The worshipful authors did not mention that by what keywords emmenagogue activities of plants have been searched in data bases. In addition to amenorrhea, oligomenorrhea, menstruation and …, we searched by some other keywords like PCOs or hyperandrogenism which are the causes of amenorrhea. So despite of few studies in this field, addition to clinical study on fennel, emmenagogue effect of another more plants like Mentha longifoli, Vitex agnus-castus, Sesamum indicum, Cinnamomum verum, Trigonella foenum-graceum L.and Urtica dioica have been reported in some clinical trials(5-10).Plants with different mechanisms may be effective on menstruation. Some possible mechanisms like lowering LH and prolactin in addition to estrogenic activity have been expressed for inducing menstruation in different studies(11, 12).
Due to an interaction between gall wasp Andricus sternlichti Bellido and Quercus infectoria G.Oli... more Due to an interaction between gall wasp Andricus sternlichti Bellido and Quercus infectoria G.Olivier from Fagaceae, the oak galls with a wide range of industrial and pharmaceutical applications are produced. Quercus infectoria galls have been well-known by both ethnopharmacology and traditional medicine of Iran. The aim of current study was a comprehensive collection of Persian scholars' notions and recent findings about medicinal effects of this gall. Sixteen traditional manuscripts of one millennium were sought by two keywords ("Afs" and "Mazu". Arabic and Persian names of Quercus gall, respectively), and relevant articles till October 2018 were reviewed. In traditional manuscripts, three main dosage forms from gall including decoction, powder, and poultice were found. They had been prescribed for about of thirty disorders. Except for one clinical trial, other articles described related to animal studies and antimicrobial effect evaluation. Since Quercus infectoria gall as an endemic natural product of Iran is a valuable source for export, ethnic usages and pharmaceutical applications, the outcomes of this study can be beneficial for researchers involved in development of natural medications.
Cervicitis is an inflammatory condition of the cervix associated with upper genital tract infecti... more Cervicitis is an inflammatory condition of the cervix associated with upper genital tract infection and reproductive complications. Therapy for cervicitis in conventional system is the use of antibiotics and antifungal therapies and surgical interventions, none of these treatments provides the definite efficacy in spite of high cost and side effect. So there is a need for alternate therapy which is safe, effective, easily available and free from side effects. Our study focuses on medicinal plants mentioned in main Iranian Traditional Medicine reference books. Medicinal plants mentioned in Iranian Traditional Medicine for treatment of Cervicitis were elicited and searched in electronic databases including PubMed, Scopus, Science direct and Google Scholar to find studies that confirmed their efficacy. The findings included 311plants(Which are mentioned below) belonging to 21 families, research findings showed that these plants that have mentioned in the Iranian Traditional Medicine resources can contribute to the recovery and treatment of cervicitis through anti-inflammatory, anti-oxidant, anti-bacterial and anti-fungal, wound healing and analgesic effects. Finding the medicinal plants effective on cervicitis based on ITM could suggest a better strategy for relieving and management cervicitis symptoms especially in recurrent or persistent condition. In following step effect of selected plants were investigated. Results are confirmed the effect of Lawsonia inermis on treating Cervicitis which is currently in progress (Zareshahi et al. 2018).
Introduction: cervical ripening is on of the main stage of initiating of labor and it is very imp... more Introduction: cervical ripening is on of the main stage of initiating of labor and it is very important for successf initiating or induction of labor. Prganeum Harmala seeds thru have derivatives such as vasecine and vasicnone cause stimulat of uterus contraction and other derivatives like Harman cause to release nitric oxide. That inductor cervical ripening. This study accomplished with the aim of determining the effect of peganeum Hrmala smoke on cervical ripening, initiation and outcome of labor. Method: In randomize clinical trial 204 term pregnant women – referring to shahid moarefi zadeh Hospital in shadegan were chosen and randomly were put in 2 groups: intervention, (give of peganeum Garmala that warm by barazier to change smoke) and control (to get warm by barzier)/ Subjects were followed with regard to cervical ripening and initial of labor after 48 and 72 hours and admission time. The tools for gathering information were demographic characteris tics and midwifery questionnaire, observation form and physical examination, daily record and follow up forns. Content validity is used for determining validity. Inter- rater reliability is used. Manvitney, chi-square, fisger exact tests are used for analysi> statistic with spss 18. Results: Cervical ripening was significant difference between two groups after 48 hours and 49-72 hours (p<0/001). Bishop score mean was increased siynificant, in the 48 hours and admission time. (p<0/001). Labor initiating time, first and second stage of labor was shorter in the intervention group than the control. Analgesic and oxytocin want rate to be decreased, between two groups significantly (p<0/001). There was showed significant difference in fetal complications such as: birth time and five minet Apgar score, meconium discharge, fetal distress and patient satisfaction from child birth, between two groups (p<0/001). Discussion & Conclusion: Research results show that peganeum harmala smoke is safe and almost free of any side effecs. It can cause cervical ripening.
Complementary Therapies in Clinical Practice, Feb 1, 2022
BACKGROUND Menopausal symptoms have negative effects on the aspects of quality of life and impose... more BACKGROUND Menopausal symptoms have negative effects on the aspects of quality of life and impose a high cost on the health system. In traditional Persian medicine, pomegranate is recommended to alleviate menopausal symptoms. MATERIAL AND METHODS A randomized double-blind placebo-controlled trial was performed among 78 healthy women. Participants were interviewed three times: Before receiving the supplement/placebo, after completing the treatment, and after 3 weeks with no intervention. They filled out the demographic information sheet, modified-Kupperman index, and Menopause-Specific Quality of Life (MENQOL) questionnaires. RESULTS The mean scores of the modified-Kupperman index and MENQOL characteristics before and after the treatment and after the follow-up period were significantly different between pomegranate and placebo groups in both modified-Kupperman and MENQOL scores (p < 0.001). CONCLUSION This study demonstrated that 4 weeks' treatment with the pomegranate supplement significantly ameliorates the irritating symptoms of menopause and improves the quality of life in menopausal women even after 4 weeks' medicine deprivation.
Sadiqa Mosavi, data collection, preparing the first draft; Malihe Tabarrai, data collection, revi... more Sadiqa Mosavi, data collection, preparing the first draft; Malihe Tabarrai, data collection, revising the draft; Shadab Shahali, conception or design of the work (supervisor), revising the draft; Mojgan Tansaz, interpretation of data, revising the draft; Hamid Salehinia, analysis and interpretation of data; Susanne Grylka-Baeschlin, interpretation of data, revising the draft; Azam Rahmani, conception or design of the work (supervisor), revising the draft, final approval the revisions. All the listed authors have read and approved the submitted manuscript.
Background: The process of diagnosis and treatment in Persian medicine (PM) are based on the conc... more Background: The process of diagnosis and treatment in Persian medicine (PM) are based on the concept of Mizaj (temperament). Among the indices of Mizaj determination, anthropometric indices are less influenceable regarding age change and other environmental factors. The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between anthropometric indices and Mizaj. Methods: Four PM experts determined the Mizaj of 121 participants. Those who had ≥70% agreement in their Mizaj determination by the experts were selected and their anthropometric indices were measured. The best cutoff point of each index and its relationship with the defined Mizaj were extracted using Receiver Operative Characteristic Curve and Binary Logistic Regression. Results: 52 out of 121 participants entered the main study. The warm-Mizaj people had larger dimensions in height, shoulder, chest, palm and sole width, and head height. Cold-Mizaj people had smaller dimensions in weight, height, shoulder, chest and head. High levels of BMI, chest depth and head dimensions had the highest correlation with the wet Mizaj and lower dimensions of these indices had the highest correlation with the dry Mizaj. Conclusion: Among the anthropometric indices, chest, palm, sole dimensions, head height and weight had the highest correlation with warmness/coldness and BMI, head width and chest dimensions had the highest correlation with wetness/dryness. The BMI which is more closely related to the soft tissue, only correlates with the wetness/dryness, while, bone dimensions are associated with warmness/coldness. Further studies are needed to metricize the anthropometric indices for Mizaj determination.
Amenorrhea and oligomenorrhea are the most prevalent menstruation disorder in the world and also ... more Amenorrhea and oligomenorrhea are the most prevalent menstruation disorder in the world and also in Iran. In Iranian traditional medicine amenorrhea, oligomenorrhea and also hypomenorrhea have been known just as ”Ehteebas tams”. From the perspective of Iranian traditional medicine, Amenorrhea enables to induce numerous complications on brain, respiratory system, uterus and other organs. Uterus complication of amenorrhea consists of infertility, uterus strangulation (Ekhtenagh rahem), uterus inflammation (varam rahem) and Anatomical changes of the uterus (Mayalan rahem). In this paper, uterine diseases due to amenorrhea and their mechanism is studied. Investigation of these disease complications and its effects on body and uterus in Iranian traditional medicine emphasize on treatment importance and causing of regular and normal menstruation.
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