Papers by Mohammad Darvishi
Frontiers in Medicine
BackgroundSevere acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) coronavirus-2 may infect red blood cells (RBCs... more BackgroundSevere acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) coronavirus-2 may infect red blood cells (RBCs) and impact oxygenation. We aimed to evaluate the efficacy of RBC exchange as an adjunctive treatment for hypoxemia and the survival rate of patients with severe coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19).MethodsIn a randomized clinical trial, we divided sixty patients with severe COVID-19 into two groups. The intervention group received the standard treatment of severe COVID-19 with RBC exchange three to four times in 2 days. The control group only received the standard treatment. Our primary outcomes were improving hypoxemia in 7 days, recovery or discharge, and death in 28 days. We conducted Chi-square test, independent samples t-test, and Fisher’s exact test to analyze the results. The ethical committee of Aja University of Medical Sciences approved the study (IR.AJAUMS.REC.1399.054), and the Iranian clinical trial registration organization registered it (IRCT20160316027081N2).ResultsTwent...
Archives of Clinical Infectious Diseases, 2019
Biomedical and Pharmacology Journal, 2017
Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is in fact a chronic form of anovulation which is usually observ... more Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is in fact a chronic form of anovulation which is usually observed besides a large spectrum of clinical symptoms and signs. Helicobacter pylori is one of the most common infections that afflict humans. Considering the large prevalence of helicobacter pylori, particularly in developing countries, and the possibility of its effect on polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), the present research seeks to study the frequency of helicobacter pylori among women suffering from PCOS resorting to the infertility clinic of Mirza Kouchak Khan hospital from 2010 to 2011. A cross-sectional-descriptive research was conducted on 110 patients suffering from PCOS who had resorted to the infertility clinic of Mirza Kouchak Khan hospital from 2010 to 2011. As much as 5 cc blood was taken from the participants and after removing serum, blood samples were stored in a temperature of-20 !. Using ELISA test and in accordance with kit manufacturer's protocol (Trinity Biotech), IgG/IgA antibody titre was measured. The raw data was then analyzed using IBM SPSS Statistics v.15. The average and standard deviation of the age of those suffering from PCOS in this research was 26.55 ± 4.06 years old. The average and standard deviation of patients' BMI in this research was 26.77 ± 4.09. The results of categorizing age group and evaluation of antibody titre (IgA or IgG) showed that people aging 30 to 40 years old exhibited the highest rate in being identified with the positive titre of at least one antibody. The results of assessing IgG and IgA antibody titres by ELISA test showed that those people with a positive IgG titre are much more than those with positive IgA titre. Considering the results of this research and the scientific evidences presented here concerning complications of women's reproduction organs with helicobacter pylori, we may suggest that this bacteria acts as a risk factor in afflicting the patients with PCOS.
Zahedan Journal of Research in Medical Sciences, Jun 1, 2014
ISRN Immunology, 2011
Activation of CD8+cytotoxic T cells has long been regarded as a major antitumor mechanism of the ... more Activation of CD8+cytotoxic T cells has long been regarded as a major antitumor mechanism of the immune system. Emerging evidence suggests that CD4+T cells are required for the generation and maintenance of effective CD8+cytotoxic and memory T cells, a phenomenon known as CD4+T-cell help. CD4+T-cell help facilitates the optimal expansion, trafficking, and effector function of CD8+T cells, thereby enhancing tumor destruction. In addition, a specialized subset of CD4+T cells, CD4+CD25+regulatory T cells (TRegs), effectively hampers anti-tumor immune responses, which has been proposed to be one of the major tumor immune evasion mechanisms. Here, we review recent advances in deciphering how anti-tumor immune responses are orchestrated by CD4+T cells. We will also discuss the immunotherapeutic potential of CD4+T-cell manipulation in anti-tumor immune response.
Materia Socio Medica
Introduction: Esophageal cancer is diagnosed with more than 480,000 patients per year and this di... more Introduction: Esophageal cancer is diagnosed with more than 480,000 patients per year and this disease became the eighth most common cancer worldwide. Aim: In this study, we tried to investigate the role of chemoradiotherapy in decreasing the severity of dysphagia and increasing the quality of life (QOL) in patients with esophageal cancer. Methods: Patients were diagnosed with esophageal cancer, which were proven by pathological studies. Also, all of these patients had no primary surgeries for their esophageal cancer. For determining the cancer staging, the endoscopy, sonography, abdominal and pelvic computed tomography scans were assessed. Results: In this study, 81% of patients showed responsiveness to the chemoradiotherapy and their dysphagia significantly was getting improved after treatment in comparison to the initial date (P<0.01). Also, the pain score significantly decreased after chemoradiotherapy. However, the analysis failed to show any significant difference between before and after treatment in 19% of patients who had high degrees of dysphagia and they were the candidate for surgery and stent putting. On the other hand, we demonstrated that there is no correlation between sex, age, tumor type and location with the recovery rate of dysphagia. In addition, we showed that none of the patients showed the recurrence of dysphagia during the study (1.5 years). Conclusion: Chemoradiotherapy could be a novel treatment for patients with inoperable esophageal cancer to reduce the severity of dysphagia and increasing the QOL of these individuals.
Cancer Cell International
the NF-κB mediated inflammatory corpuscle and PI3K/AKT signaling pathway research puerarin drug m... more the NF-κB mediated inflammatory corpuscle and PI3K/AKT signaling pathway research puerarin drug mechanism of nanometer fiber membrane on the skin wound healing (No. JJKH20210413KJ).
Acute and Critical Care
Background: We assessed predictors of mortality in the intensive care unit (ICU) and investigated... more Background: We assessed predictors of mortality in the intensive care unit (ICU) and investigated if Glasgow coma scale (GCS) is associated with mortality in patients undergoing endotracheal intubation (EI).Methods: From February 2020, we performed a 1-year study on 2,055 adult patients admitted to the ICU of two teaching hospitals. The outcome was mortality during ICU stay and the predictors were patients’ demographic, clinical, and laboratory features.Results: EI was associated with a decreased risk for mortality compared with similar patients (adjusted odds ratio [AOR], 0.32; P=0.030). This shows that EI had been performed correctly with proper indications. Increasing age (AOR, 1.04; P<0.001) or blood pressure (AOR, 1.01; P<0.001), respiratory problems (AOR, 3.24; P<0.001), nosocomial infection (AOR, 1.64; P=0.014), diabetes (AOR, 5.69; P<0.001), history of myocardial infarction (AOR, 2.52; P<0.001), chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (AOR, 3.93; P<0.001), im...
Journal of Medicine and Life, 2020
Surgery site infection is one of the most common postoperative complications which is associated ... more Surgery site infection is one of the most common postoperative complications which is associated with increased morbidity, mortality and admission costs. It is considered a priority to determine the level of nosocomial infection and its control in reflecting the quality of care. Therefore, this study aimed to evaluate the microbial contamination after cardiac surgery at a hospital cardiac surgery ward of Besat Hospital, Tehran. In this cross-sectional descriptive-analytic study (2013-2017), 610 patients underwent surgery at the Department of Cardiac Surgery of Besat Hospital. All necessary information such as urine culture, surgical site, histopathologic examination for the diagnosis of microbial contamination and microorganisms were collected from the patient records and inserted in the questionnaire. The data were analyzed using SPSS (version 25). The incidence of nosocomial infections following cardiac surgery reportedly ranged from 17% to 23%. Accordingly, pneumonia (51.2%) and ...
Background: Measles is a highly infectious virus and human is the only natural host of this virus... more Background: Measles is a highly infectious virus and human is the only natural host of this virus. This study was carried out to examine the insolubility of vaccine-induced antibodies. Materials and methods: This cross-sectional study carried out in Tehran, Iran. Obtaining consent, the blood was collected from 810 male at the age of 19 years old. Then we used ELISA to assess the measles antibody titer. Then, the executor completed the form which included demographic information, vaccination, past medical history and laboratory data for each participant. Results: Our results show that out of 810 cases 67.7% were still seropositive for measles. 50% of all participants had received measles vaccination. There was a significant relationship between measles antibody titer and all variables. Conclusion: The vaccination-induced measles virus antibodies decline in duration of time. Declining titers suggest the need for vigilance in ensuring disease protection for the vaccinated population. According to measles incidence rate and its bioterrorism danger for military the present study suggests that new military students should be revaccinated for measles disease.
Pakistan journal of pharmaceutical sciences, 2019
Pseudomonas aeruginosa is one of the most common pathogens in hospitals. Along with the advent of... more Pseudomonas aeruginosa is one of the most common pathogens in hospitals. Along with the advent of various drug resistance patterns, rising resistance to colistin, the last alternative against this bacterium, is reported as a major clinical concern all over the world. Initially, Pseudomonas aeruginosa strains were identified by diagnostic tests including phenotypic method, growth at 42°C, Gram staining, culture on Blood Agar, EMB Agar, and biochemical oxidase, and catalase tests. The strains were confirmed using Microgen kit. Then, the resistance pattern of the identified strains was evaluated by Antibiogram. The presence of PmrA and PmrB genes were investigated by PCR method.A total of 60 strains of Pseudomonas aeruginosa were isolated and identified using microscopic, macroscopic and microbiological methods. The lowest resistance was observed against chloramphenicol and colistin antibiotics. Most of the strains harbored the PmrA and PmrB genes. The results of this study indicated a...
Dairy, 2021
Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever (CCHF) is a tick-borne zoonotic disease, endemic in Africa, with ... more Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever (CCHF) is a tick-borne zoonotic disease, endemic in Africa, with a high case fatality rate. There is no efficient treatment or licensed vaccine. This study aimed to determine the prevalence of CCHFV in cattle in extensive grazing systems (both pastoralism and ranching) within the Maasai Mara ecosystem, Nanyuki, and the Ol Pejeta Conservancy in Kenya. We conducted a seroepidemiological study of the sera of 148 cattle from 18 households from the three ecosystems in 2014, 2016, and 2019. Sera from 23 sheep and 17 goats were also obtained from the same households during the same period. Sera were analyzed for the presence of antibodies to CCHFV using the commercially available double-antigen ELISA kit. Overall, 31.5% CCHFV seropositivity was observed. The prevalence of CCHF was analyzed using a multiple logistic mixed model with main predictors. Risk factors associated with exposure to CCHFV were age (p = 0.000) and season (p = 0.007). Our findings sugges...
Journal of Cancer, 2018
Background: Esophageal stent insertion in patients with inoperable esophageal cancer is usually a... more Background: Esophageal stent insertion in patients with inoperable esophageal cancer is usually accompanied with relatively high adverse symptoms and even mortality. The current study aims at investigating the outcomes of esophageal stenting in patients with inoperable non-cervical esophageal cancer. Materials and Methods: The current descriptive-analytical research evaluates 25 patients with esophageal cancer. The stent was placed in esophagus based upon endoscopy analysis with or without fluoroscopy and then the stent position and its opening was investigated by making use of CXRand Gastrografin studies. Demographic characteristics, dysphagia scores, stent placement side effects and the dysphagia-related indices were recorded and examined by taking advantage of a questionnaire which was administered pre and post stent insertion. Results: The study population was comprised of 15 women and 10 men. The individuals' average age was 69.20 ± 11.25 years. Dysphagia mean score was lowered from a value of 4.32 ± 0.80 to 2.00 ± 1.22 (P-value<0.05). The prevalent side effects were chest pain (64%), dysphagia recurrence (40%), stent blockage (20%), stent migration (16%), GI bleeding (8%), and malposition (8%). Also, it was found out that 64% of the patients survived for 6 months. Conclusion: The results indicated that although esophageal stenting is accompanied with side effects in patients with inoperable esophageal cancer, but it is the most frequently used and the most reliable method in relieving dysphagia and improving dysphagia-related life indices.
European Journal of Translational Myology, 2018
This study was performed to determine the trend of antibiotic resistance of the causative organis... more This study was performed to determine the trend of antibiotic resistance of the causative organisms among the patients suffering from nosocomial infections in Besat Hospital since 2013 to 2015.In this observational study that was performed as a retrospective cohort, 935 consecutive patients with nosocomial infection were enrolled in Besat Hospital since 2013 to 2015. The trend of antibiotic resistance of the causative organisms among them was determined and contributing factors were assessed. The finding of this study revealed that type of microorganisms had significant variation (p = 0.024): while the gram-negative bacilli have shown an increased level of resistance, the gram positive cocci had less resistance. The antibiotic resistance was increased for ampicillin/sulbactam, piperacillin/tazoactam, ceftriaxone, ceftazidime, cefepime, meropenem, gentamicin, amikacin, ciprofloxacine, levofloxacine, nitrofurantoin, and ampicilline. However, it was decreased for colistin. It may be co...
Open Access Macedonian Journal of Medical Sciences, 2018
BACKGROUND: Gastric reflux is one of the most important causes of the referral of patients to the... more BACKGROUND: Gastric reflux is one of the most important causes of the referral of patients to the internal clinic, which in some cases causes problems for patients due to resistance to common treatments. Therefore, timely diagnosis and treatment of this group of patients are very important.AIM: The purpose of the present study was to determine the off-proton pump inhibitor (off-PPI) 24 h pH-impedance analyses in patients with refractory gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) attending to Taleghani Hospital since 2009 to 2017.METHODS: In this observational descriptive-comparative off-PPI study, 572 patients with refractory GERD who were referred to Taleghani Hospital in Tehran from 2009 to 2017 were selected, and the results of 24 h pH Impedance analysis were then assessed.RESULTS: The results of 24h pH-impedance indicated that 7% of cases belonged to Pure Acid Reflux followed by weakly Acid (1%), non-acid (0.3%), mixed & gas (5.2%), functional (58.4%) and oesophagal hypersensitivity...
Clinical Genetics, 2018
For many years, a considerable number of patients with autoimmune diseases (ADs) have suffered fr... more For many years, a considerable number of patients with autoimmune diseases (ADs) have suffered from a lack of drug response and drug-related toxicity. Despite the emergence of new therapeutic options such as biological agents, patients continue to struggle with these problems. Unfortunately, new challenges, including the paradoxical effects of biological drugs, have complicated the situation. In recent decades, efforts have been made to predict drug response as well as drug-related side effects. Thanks to the many advances in genetics, evaluation of markers to predict drug response/toxicity before the initiation of treatment may be an avenue toward personalizing treatments. Implementing pharmacogenetics and pharmacogenomics in the clinic could improve clinical care; however, obstacles remain to effective personalized medicine for ADs. The present study attempted to clarify the concept of pharmacogenetics/pharmacogenomics for ADs. After an overview on the pathogenesis of the most common types of treatments, this paper focuses on pharmacogenetic studies related to the selected ADs. Bridging the gap between pharmacogenetics and personalized medicine is also discussed. Moreover, the advantages, disadvantages and recommendations related to making personalized medicine practical for ADs have been addressed.
Medicine, 2018
Background: Chronic constipation is described as a common complication determined by difficult an... more Background: Chronic constipation is described as a common complication determined by difficult and/or rare passage of stool or both. The difference in definition of constipation has led to a wide range of reported prevalence (i.e., between 1% and 80%). Various factors are involved in the pathogenesis of the disease, including type of diet, genetic predisposition, colonic motility, absorption, social economic status, daily behaviors, and biological and pharmaceutical factors. Diagnostic and therapeutic options play a key role in the treatment of chronic constipation. There are still debates about the timing of these diagnostic and therapeutic algorithms. Methods: A systematic and comprehensive search will be performed using MEDLINE, PubMed, EMBASE, AMED, the Cochrane Library and Google Scholar. Better understanding of the pathophysiology of chronic constipation and efficacy of pharmacological agent can help physicians for treating and managing symptoms. In this study, some of the old and new therapies in the treatment of chronic constipation have been studied based on the controlled studies and strong evidence. We are trying to address some of the controversial issues to manage the disease and to provide appropriate diagnostic options in an efficient and cost-effective way. Results: The results of this systematic review will be published in a peer-reviewed journal. Conclusion: To our knowledge, our study will provide an overall estimate of chronic constipation to assess controversial issues, available diagnostic and therapeutic strategies of chronic constipation. Ethics and dissemination: Ethical approval and informed consent are not required, as the study will be a literature review and will not involve direct contact with patients or alterations to patient care. Abbreviations: ARM = anorectal manometry, BET = balloon expulsion test, CBC = complete blood count, FDA = Food and Drug Administration, FS = flexible sigmoidoscopy, HRM = high-resolution manometry, MRD = magnetic resonance defecography, OTC = over-the-counter, PEG = polyethylene glycol, RAIR = recto-anal inhibitory reflex, STC = slow transit constipation, WMC = wireless motility capsule.
Shiraz E-Medical Journal, 2017
Background and Purpose: Nosocomial infections are a growing problem in many health centers. Cell ... more Background and Purpose: Nosocomial infections are a growing problem in many health centers. Cell phones used by the medical staff can act as a vector for nosocomial transmission of microorganisms. This study aimed to investigate the role of cell phones of senior medical students in the spread of nosocomial bacterial infections in Amir-al-Momenin general hospital in Tehran in September 2015. Methods: Thirty medical students were enrolled using convenience sampling method. Demographic data, perspectives, attitudes, phone type, and frequency of cleaning of mobile phones were collected by questionnaires. Samples were taken from the phones using a sterile swab moistened with a nutritive medium in order to assess the possibility of bacterial growth. Results: A total of 53.3 percent of mobile phones were infected. Isolated bacteria were: Staphylococcus epidermidis (26.7%), Nonalbicans Candida (16.7%), Bacillus PSP (13.3%), Micrococcus PSP (10%), non-hemolytic Streptococcus and Enterococcus (each 6.7%), and Klebsiella and Staphylococcus aureus (each 3.3%). Conclusions: Mobile phones can act as potential carriers of nosocomial infections which are significantly higher in male students' phones and in smartphones. So, some restrictions should be applied to their use in sensitive areas of hospitals. Also, due to the significant impact of cleaning mobile phones in reducing the frequency of bacterial contamination, attention to their regular cleaning should be considered.
The American Journal of Surgical Pathology, 1985
The article, "Solitary rectal ulcer syndrome: A systematic review", [1] which appeared in Volume ... more The article, "Solitary rectal ulcer syndrome: A systematic review", [1] which appeared in Volume 97, Issue 18 of Medicine, was published under the incorrect article type and should be published as a study protocol. The correct title is "Solitary rectal ulcer syndrome: A systematic review and Meta-Analysis Study Protocol." Reference [1] Forootan M, Darvishi M. Solitary rectal ulcer syndrome: A systematic review. Medicine. 97;18:e10565.
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Papers by Mohammad Darvishi