Papers by Michelle Davidson
A Study of Antibiotic Susceptibility of MRSA in Healthcare Setting: should we really be Worried?, Aug 17, 2016
Antibiotic susceptibility study of bacteria isolates, in particular Staphylococcus and MRSA, were... more Antibiotic susceptibility study of bacteria isolates, in particular Staphylococcus and MRSA, were conducted using standard procedure from the samples obtained from hospital settings. The prevalence of MRSA strains were 3.28%. These isolated MRSA strains were resistant to ampicillin (100%) but sensitive against vancomycin, clindamycin and chloramphenicol (100%) with variable zone of inhibition against different other antibiotics. Nosocomial infection has become global health burden with increased morbidity and mortality. Emerging antibiotic resistance has resulted in a significant healthcare expenditure. Therefore necessary steps are warranted to stop the emergence of these resistant strains and provide health education for effective prevention and control of nosocomial infections.
An Investigation of the Effect of Copper Oxide and Silver Nanoparticles on E. Coli Genome by Rapd Molecular Markers, Aug 12, 2016
Regarding the bacterial resistance of current antibiotics, many studies have been conducted to ev... more Regarding the bacterial resistance of current antibiotics, many studies have been conducted to evaluate the antimicrobial properties of metal nanoparticles such as silver and copper oxide. This study was carried out to compare the effects of these nanoparticles on the genome of Escherichia coli strain O157: H7 as a model for gram-negative bacteria. For this purpose, the bacteria were first treated by 30 and 60 µg/ml the nanoparticles and the growth of bacteria was controlled at certain time intervals by spectrophotometry to evaluate the antimicrobial activity. Then the DNA was extracted to investigate the effects of the nanoparticles on the genomes 4 hours after treatment using RAPD-PCR. The bands obtained from electrophoresis of PCR products on agarose gel 2% were analyzed. The results of the study revealed that silver and copper oxide nanoparticles not only inhibit the growth of bacteria, but also change the genomic DNA sequences and cause genetic differences between control and treated samples. Metal nanoparticles are antibacterial compounds, and copper oxide was more effective than silver on E. coli genome as a model for gram-negative bacteria.
Biological Active Rakicidins A, B and E produced by the Marine Micromonospora sp. Isolate Guam1582, Aug 5, 2016
The bioactive substances rakicidin A (1), B (2) and E (3), were isolated from Micromonospora sp. ... more The bioactive substances rakicidin A (1), B (2) and E (3), were isolated from Micromonospora sp. cultivated after insertion of a diffusion growth chamber into the sponge Rhabdastrella globostellata. The three rakicidins were tested in various antibiotic bioassays revealing their selective activity against Gram-positive bacteria including resistant strains of Staphylococcus aureus and Enterococcus faecium. With the help of MALDI-TOF MS and RiboPrinter® analysis the relationship between the producer strain and 13 Micromonospora type strains (99% identity in 16S rRNA sequence) could be clarified.
An In-Vitro Trial on Antifungal Effect of Xanthium Strumarium Leaf Extract on the Growth of the Mycelial form of Histoplasma Capsulatum Var Farciminosum Isolated from Horse, Jul 5, 2016
Epizootic lymphangitis (EL) has deleterious effect on both welfare and health of the horses and m... more Epizootic lymphangitis (EL) has deleterious effect on both welfare and health of the horses and mules so that it has a serious negative impact on the livelihoods of cart-horse owners/drivers in the affected parts of Ethiopia. Unfortunately, antifungal drugs for the treatment of EL are costly and mostly unavailable in such areas. The aim of this study was to investigate into the effect of Xanthium Strumarium leaf extract (XSLE) on the Growth of the mycelial form of Histoplasma capsulatum var Farciminosum which has been reported to have a strong antifungal activity in previous studies, in vitro. Histoplasma Capsulatum var Farciminosum was isolated from a horse with a cutaneous form of EL. Agar dilution assay was performed to evaluate the anti HCF activity of XSLE and measure the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC). Ketoconazole was used as a positive control. Xanthium Strumarium extract inhibited the growth of HCF at concentrations of 0.068 mg/ml. The result indicates that XSLE can potentially be used for the treatment of EL provided that convenient methods of preparation, dose and route of administration are established through rigorous in vitro and in vivo trials.
Analgesic and Antipyretic Activities of Ethanolic Extract of Hamelia Patens Leaf in Animal Models, May 17, 2016
Aim: The research was carried out to investigate the analgesic and antipyretic effects of ethanol... more Aim: The research was carried out to investigate the analgesic and antipyretic effects of ethanol extract of Hamelia patens leaves. Materials: In order to assess the analgesic effects by Formalin induced writhing response model. However at the doses of 50-200 mg/ kg analgesic activities were observed in the early and late phases of formalin induced paw licking test in rats. The latency in the hot plate test was increased from 2.2 + 0.3 to 5.7 + 0.3 second (P < 0.05). Likewise, the early and the late phases of formalin test were reduced from 7.4 + 9.4 and 57.8 + 8.4 to 36.6 + 4.4 and 29.2 + 4.4 second respectively. Results: The result confirms the analgesic and antipyretic activities of Hamelia patens leaf extract. Conclusion: we recommended further research on this plant leaves for possible isolation and characterization of the various active chemical substances which has the toxic and medicinal values.
Role of Cytokines during Influenza Infection- What we need to Know?, Jun 8, 2016
The primary target of influenza virus infection is the airway epithelial cells lining the respira... more The primary target of influenza virus infection is the airway epithelial cells lining the respiratory mucosa but also infect alveolar macrophages and dendritic cells (DCs) that reside in the airways. In vitro as well as in vivo studies suggest that pro-inflammatory cytokines such as IL-1, TNF-α and IFN-β are secreted by infected cells and immune cells to sustain inflammatory response as well as induction of the chemokines (i.e. MCP-1, interferon-gamma (IFN-γ) which attract mononuclear leukocytes that occurs within two days of an influenza virus infection but most chemokines favour neutrophils.
Bio active Potentials of Exchocaria agollocha, Feb 8, 2016
The recognized marine forms Bacteria, Actinobacteria, Cynobacteria, Fungi, Microalgae, Seaweeds, ... more The recognized marine forms Bacteria, Actinobacteria, Cynobacteria, Fungi, Microalgae, Seaweeds, Mangroves and other Halophytes are an extremely important oceanic resources and constituting over 90% of the Oceanic biomass. The marine natural products have lead to the discovery of many compounds considered worthy for clinical applications. The marine sources have the highest probability for yielding natural products.
Analysis of Chromosomal Aberrations in PBL of Chrome Tanning Industrial Workers, Feb 1, 2016
In order to monitor the genotoxic effects of chromium compound, 160 chrome tanning industrial wor... more In order to monitor the genotoxic effects of chromium compound, 160 chrome tanning industrial workers (80 each of smoker and nonsmoker)
were selected from a leather tanning industry to perform the cytogenetic protocol of chromosomal aberrations in the peripheral
blood lymphocytes. The workers were further classified into two groups on the basis of their personnel habit (Smoker and Non-Smokers) and
on the duration of their employment (1-5, 6-10 and 11-15 years). Even 120 individuals (62 smokers and 58 nonsmokers) were also selected
as controls for the purpose of comparison. A statistically significant increased frequency of total chromosomal aberrations was observed
in the chrome tannery workers (6.20±0.12) as against the control (1.61±0.09). The increased frequencies of aberrations were duration
dependent. Even higher incidence of chromosome aberrations was reported among the smoker group of both control and exposed workers.
The results clearly establish the mutagenic nature of the chromium compound in human beings.
Semen Quality And Sperm Morphology Among Occupational Solvent Exposed Workers, Jan 5, 2016
To study the effect of organic solvents on male semen quality among the shoe manufacturing indust... more To study the effect of organic solvents on male semen quality among the shoe manufacturing industrial workers.
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Papers by Michelle Davidson
were selected from a leather tanning industry to perform the cytogenetic protocol of chromosomal aberrations in the peripheral
blood lymphocytes. The workers were further classified into two groups on the basis of their personnel habit (Smoker and Non-Smokers) and
on the duration of their employment (1-5, 6-10 and 11-15 years). Even 120 individuals (62 smokers and 58 nonsmokers) were also selected
as controls for the purpose of comparison. A statistically significant increased frequency of total chromosomal aberrations was observed
in the chrome tannery workers (6.20±0.12) as against the control (1.61±0.09). The increased frequencies of aberrations were duration
dependent. Even higher incidence of chromosome aberrations was reported among the smoker group of both control and exposed workers.
The results clearly establish the mutagenic nature of the chromium compound in human beings.
were selected from a leather tanning industry to perform the cytogenetic protocol of chromosomal aberrations in the peripheral
blood lymphocytes. The workers were further classified into two groups on the basis of their personnel habit (Smoker and Non-Smokers) and
on the duration of their employment (1-5, 6-10 and 11-15 years). Even 120 individuals (62 smokers and 58 nonsmokers) were also selected
as controls for the purpose of comparison. A statistically significant increased frequency of total chromosomal aberrations was observed
in the chrome tannery workers (6.20±0.12) as against the control (1.61±0.09). The increased frequencies of aberrations were duration
dependent. Even higher incidence of chromosome aberrations was reported among the smoker group of both control and exposed workers.
The results clearly establish the mutagenic nature of the chromium compound in human beings.