Smoczyk M., Czarna A. 2014. Nasturtium microphyllum (Boenn.) Rchb. Rukiew drobnolistna. [In:] R. Kaźmierczakowa, K. Zarzycki, Z. Mirek (eds), Polish red data book of plants. Pteridophytes and flowering plants: pp. 210-212; Polish Academy of Sciences, Institute of Nature Conservation. [in Polish], 2014
Nasturtium microphyllum is known from 12 locations in Poland, 9 of which still exist. Most sites ... more Nasturtium microphyllum is known from 12 locations in Poland, 9 of which still exist. Most sites are located in the western part of Poland but the species occurs also in S Poland in the Vistula Valley. At the extant localities N. microphyllum grows in clean, shallow, slowly flowing or standing waters, on the banks of streams and ditches, in the marsh vegetation of the order Phragmitetalia, which is mostly related to the alliance Sparganio-Glycerion and the association Nasturtietum officinalis. Local populations are usually numerous. The species is potentially threatened due to changes in habitat conditions and water management. There is a need for monitoring the sites of N. microphyllum. Cultivation of the plant in botanical gardens is also recommended.
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Location: The Valley of Dzika Orlica lies in Central Sudety Mts and separates Bystrzyckie Mts from Orlickie Mts; its Polish part is in Dolnośląskie Province in the Land of Kłodzko, approx. 25 km south-west of Kłodzko. For a 30 km sector the Dzika Orlica River makes the Polish-Czech state border (from Lasówka to Lesica) and then, after passing Lesica, it leaves Poland to break through the range of Orlickie Mts. Still undergoing design works, the area of special biotopes protection “Dzika Orlica” covers the upstream section of the river, while on the Czech side it is adjacent to a corresponding area of the Nature 2000 network called “Divoká Orlice”.
Communications: On both sides of the state border along the valley of Dzika Orlica there are roads of particularly scenic values; the area is accessible from Bystrzyca Kłodzka through Przełęcz nad Porębą or from Duszniki-Zdrój to Lasówka. Coaches run only from Lasówka to Bystrzyca Kłodzka; there is a seasonal Orlobus from Duszniki-Zdrój through Lasówka to Mostowice. In Mostowice and Niemojów there are road border crossings, which enables visitors to get acquainted with the valley on both sides of the border.
Nature amenities: The Valley of Dzika Orlica has exceptional landscape values, including the particularly picturesque gorges of the river, the most beautiful of which is Zemská brána. There we can encounter numerous endangered and mountain plant species while the slopes of the valley are steep and often rocky. A tourist interested in nature should visit the northern section of the valley near Lasówka which abounds in peat bogs and where, in the Trčkov reserve, natural lower montane forests are protected. Riparian forests are also worth your attention, particularly the riverside alder forests which are most frequent near Rudawa and Neratov and where you can meet the black stork, the grey wagtail as well as the traces of beavers or otters foraging there. In the spring the riparian forests are beautifully adorned with blossoming spring snowflake. Near Rudawa there are well preserved extensively exploited mountain meadows where you can often hear the corn crake or see the dusky large blue butterfly. The entire border section of Dzika Orlica is of water crowfoot dominated character; in its waters occur bullhead and brook lamprey (species of European significance) as well as trout and grayling. Furthermore, the valley is the home to many rare and endangered species of plants, including mountain ones (flea sedge, lousewort, large brown clover, forest goat’s beard, green hellebore, large white buttercup, Manchurian monkshood, Austrian leopard’s bane).
Accommodation: Depending on your means of transport, sightseeing the valley requires at least a few hours, though most advantageous would be a whole day. In the valley itself lodgings can be found in Lasówka (numerous agritourist farms), Rudawa (holiday centre “Orlica” and two agritourist farms), Niemojów (we recommend “Gościniec” at the border crossing). Outside the valley, best developed tourist amenities are in Zieleniec – just a few miles from the northern edge of the valley. The valley can also be easily assessed following a tourist trail from the mountain hostel ‘Jagodna’ in the nearby village Spalona.
Recommended forms of leisure and recreation: hiking along tourist trails, nature walks (educational trails Bedřichovka and Zemská brána), horse riding (horses for hire in Rudawa), fishing (mountain river, fly fishing advised to easily challenge trout and grayling; fishing administered by Polish Angling Association in Wałbrzych). An unforgettable attraction is canoeing along the Orlica, especially along its gorge section, or prearranged dinghying along the river (after entering the Schengen zone no permissions are required). Bike lovers will gladly enjoy a few picturesque cycling routes of various degree of difficulty and a seasonal cyclobus which runs on both sides of the valley and hauls a special bike trailer. In winter you are invited to take advantage of ski lifts in the Czech Bartošovice (ski lift) and Rudawa (T-bar lift); the surroundings provide an ample though underestimated area for cross-country skiing. Every year on Midsummer Eve there is a picnic “European Land of Optimism” in Niemojów.
Monuments and other local attractions: Lasówka i Niemojów: interesting architecture characteristic of the region. Piaskowice: ruins of costume jewellery workshop by the river Dzika Orlica. Rudawa: depopulated hamlets, ruins of glassworks by the stream Tartaczny Potok. Niemojów: ruin of the manor house of village leaders. Lesica: old water mills by the river. Numerous sacral monuments throughout the valley: old churches, roadside crosses and shrines. Near Bartošovice in Orlickie Mts there is “Hanička“ stronghold and the gorge Zemská brána.