Background and objective: Determining the optimal water consumption in Iran with a large percenta... more Background and objective: Determining the optimal water consumption in Iran with a large percentage of arid and semi-arid climates is important. several methods, including linear and goal programming, have been used for this purpose. Applying Game Theory Method to Solve Management Problems that Facing Conflicts between Goals can be a different approach to optimizing water use in agriculture. It can offer a different approach to optimizing water use in agriculture, therefore in this study cropp pattern and the optimal harvesting of groundwater resources was determined in Ghare-Su basin. Materials and methods: Golestan province has less rainfall than other northern provinces despite being located in northern parts of Iran. Most of the demand water in this province is supplied by groundwater resources, which, if not properly managed, will face the risks of reducing groundwater aquifers level. So the cities of Gorgan and Kordkuy in west of Golestan province, located in Gharasso basin, a...
An analysis of laboratory experimental data pertaining to local scour downstream of a rigid apron... more An analysis of laboratory experimental data pertaining to local scour downstream of a rigid apron developed under wall jets is presented. The existing equations for the prediction of the maximum scour depth under wall jets are applied to the available data to evaluate their performance and bring forth their limitations. A comparison of measured scour depth with that computed by the existing equations shows that most of the existing empirical equations perform poorly. Artificial neural network (ANN)- and adaptive neuro-fuzzy interference system (ANFIS)-based models are developed using the available data, which provide simple and accurate tools for the estimation of the maximum scour depth. The key parameters that affect the maximum scour depth are densimetric Froude number, apron length, tailwater level, and median sediment size. Results obtained from ANN and ANFIS models are compared with those of empirical and regression equations by means of statistical parameters. The performance...
Duckbill weir is one of the water level control structures in irrigation networks, which is of in... more Duckbill weir is one of the water level control structures in irrigation networks, which is of interest to many engineers. Sediments transported in irrigation networks that accumulate upstream of duckbill weirs cause problems in operation, and affect the upstream water level. In this paper, submerged vanes and bottom slots are investigated for flushing the sediment downstream of the said weir. The experiments were conducted in a rectangular flume, 12 m long, and 0.6 m wide. The vanes placed in four sections were perpendicular to the sidewall. Flow-3D software was used for simulation of flow and sedimentation patterns. The results showed that submerged vanes create a secondary flow which is very useful for flushing the sediment, especially in the value of (H is head over the sidewall and P is the weir height). Further, the results showed duckbill weir efficiency (which is defined as the ratio of sediment trap to flow capacity of the weir) is as high as 47% (for values of H/P = 0.1–0....
To evaluate the effects of the current situation and future development on Source groundwater whe... more To evaluate the effects of the current situation and future development on Source groundwater whether quantitative or qualitative point of view, simulation computer resources, a powerful tool in the optimal utilization of source is considered. Year recent several model of math and computer simulation of hydraulic behavior of underground water resources focus is located. Like making mathematical phenomenon hydraulic set of algebraic relations, differential and integral that the groundwater flow hydrodynamics and its relations with aquifer levels to show. In this study, like making Narmab aquifer located in Golestan province, using a mathematical model Visual Mudflow 3.1 was performed. Changes of water level data from 15 wells piezometer water table in the study area, were evaluated. Results with coefficient estimates 97 percent representation for all to month showed that the water level model with acceptable accuracy similar building and to model groundwater flow in the aquifer above...
Scouring in a river is a phenomenon which is a result of interaction of flowing water and sedimen... more Scouring in a river is a phenomenon which is a result of interaction of flowing water and sediments that changes the topology of the river's bed. Understanding local scour depth around bridge piers is essential for both preventing the bridge from failure and ecological issues. Thus, it is necessary to provide appropriate methods to control the scour depth. Bed sill can be used as a countermeasure against local scour around the bridge piers. The effective parameters which can influence on habitat are velocity of flow, water depth and riverbed materials. Due to this fact that the water depth increases in the maximum scour depth region, it can effect on habitat. In this study, the scour depth around single pier, tandem piers, and effect of sill on scour depth around tandem piers are investigated experimentally. The results show that the scour depth downstream of piers is increased when sill structure is used in front of bridge pier. The results also show that the location of maximu...
Duckbill weir is one type of long crested weirs which passes more flow with less head variation o... more Duckbill weir is one type of long crested weirs which passes more flow with less head variation on the weir than standard weirs. Due to contraction and decreasing discharge along the weir, a gradual variation in the water surface is occurred such as spatially varied flow phenomena. Therefore, in this study by solving the spatially varied flow equation, the water surface profile of duckbill weir is obtained when the bottom slots were used along the weir. Furthermore, Flow-3D software is used to simulate the water surface profile along the weir. The results of dimensional analysis showed that the discharge coefficient of the weir is increased by increasing of length and opening of slots. The results also show that the discharge coefficient of the weir is more affected by slot opening rather than the slot length. By solving the spatially varied flow equation along the weir one can found that there is a threshold value of H/P (H is the head of water over the weir and P is weir height) for a given θ (the angle between side wall and flow direction of the weir) in which the water surface tends to drop by entering to the weir and then a gradual rise in the water surface as it approaches the downstream end of the weir. The results also show that the calculated water surface profile along the weir by using spatially varied flow equation and Flow-3D software is close to experimental results. The maximum errors in computation of water surface profile for solving spatially varied flow equation and Flow-3D software are 6.8% and 3.05%, respectively.
International journal of Advanced Biological and Biomedical Research, 2013
To evaluate the effects of the current situation and future development on Source groundwater whe... more To evaluate the effects of the current situation and future development on Source groundwater whether quantitative or qualitative point of view, simulation computer resources, a powerful tool in the optimal utilization of source is considered. Year recent several model of math and computer simulation of hydraulic behavior of underground water resources focus is located. Like making mathematical phenomenon hydraulic set of algebraic relations, differential and integral that the groundwater flow hydrodynamics and its relations with aquifer levels to show. In this study, like making Narmab aquifer located in Golestan province, using a mathematical model Visual Mudflow 3.1 was performed. Changes of water level data from 15 wells piezometer water table in the study area, were evaluated. Results with coefficient estimates 97 percent representation for all to month showed that the water level model with acceptable accuracy similar building and to model groundwater flow in the aquifer above...
Background and objective: Determining the optimal water consumption in Iran with a large percenta... more Background and objective: Determining the optimal water consumption in Iran with a large percentage of arid and semi-arid climates is important. several methods, including linear and goal programming, have been used for this purpose. Applying Game Theory Method to Solve Management Problems that Facing Conflicts between Goals can be a different approach to optimizing water use in agriculture. It can offer a different approach to optimizing water use in agriculture, therefore in this study cropp pattern and the optimal harvesting of groundwater resources was determined in Ghare-Su basin. Materials and methods: Golestan province has less rainfall than other northern provinces despite being located in northern parts of Iran. Most of the demand water in this province is supplied by groundwater resources, which, if not properly managed, will face the risks of reducing groundwater aquifers level. So the cities of Gorgan and Kordkuy in west of Golestan province, located in Gharasso basin, a...
An analysis of laboratory experimental data pertaining to local scour downstream of a rigid apron... more An analysis of laboratory experimental data pertaining to local scour downstream of a rigid apron developed under wall jets is presented. The existing equations for the prediction of the maximum scour depth under wall jets are applied to the available data to evaluate their performance and bring forth their limitations. A comparison of measured scour depth with that computed by the existing equations shows that most of the existing empirical equations perform poorly. Artificial neural network (ANN)- and adaptive neuro-fuzzy interference system (ANFIS)-based models are developed using the available data, which provide simple and accurate tools for the estimation of the maximum scour depth. The key parameters that affect the maximum scour depth are densimetric Froude number, apron length, tailwater level, and median sediment size. Results obtained from ANN and ANFIS models are compared with those of empirical and regression equations by means of statistical parameters. The performance...
Duckbill weir is one of the water level control structures in irrigation networks, which is of in... more Duckbill weir is one of the water level control structures in irrigation networks, which is of interest to many engineers. Sediments transported in irrigation networks that accumulate upstream of duckbill weirs cause problems in operation, and affect the upstream water level. In this paper, submerged vanes and bottom slots are investigated for flushing the sediment downstream of the said weir. The experiments were conducted in a rectangular flume, 12 m long, and 0.6 m wide. The vanes placed in four sections were perpendicular to the sidewall. Flow-3D software was used for simulation of flow and sedimentation patterns. The results showed that submerged vanes create a secondary flow which is very useful for flushing the sediment, especially in the value of (H is head over the sidewall and P is the weir height). Further, the results showed duckbill weir efficiency (which is defined as the ratio of sediment trap to flow capacity of the weir) is as high as 47% (for values of H/P = 0.1–0....
To evaluate the effects of the current situation and future development on Source groundwater whe... more To evaluate the effects of the current situation and future development on Source groundwater whether quantitative or qualitative point of view, simulation computer resources, a powerful tool in the optimal utilization of source is considered. Year recent several model of math and computer simulation of hydraulic behavior of underground water resources focus is located. Like making mathematical phenomenon hydraulic set of algebraic relations, differential and integral that the groundwater flow hydrodynamics and its relations with aquifer levels to show. In this study, like making Narmab aquifer located in Golestan province, using a mathematical model Visual Mudflow 3.1 was performed. Changes of water level data from 15 wells piezometer water table in the study area, were evaluated. Results with coefficient estimates 97 percent representation for all to month showed that the water level model with acceptable accuracy similar building and to model groundwater flow in the aquifer above...
Scouring in a river is a phenomenon which is a result of interaction of flowing water and sedimen... more Scouring in a river is a phenomenon which is a result of interaction of flowing water and sediments that changes the topology of the river's bed. Understanding local scour depth around bridge piers is essential for both preventing the bridge from failure and ecological issues. Thus, it is necessary to provide appropriate methods to control the scour depth. Bed sill can be used as a countermeasure against local scour around the bridge piers. The effective parameters which can influence on habitat are velocity of flow, water depth and riverbed materials. Due to this fact that the water depth increases in the maximum scour depth region, it can effect on habitat. In this study, the scour depth around single pier, tandem piers, and effect of sill on scour depth around tandem piers are investigated experimentally. The results show that the scour depth downstream of piers is increased when sill structure is used in front of bridge pier. The results also show that the location of maximu...
Duckbill weir is one type of long crested weirs which passes more flow with less head variation o... more Duckbill weir is one type of long crested weirs which passes more flow with less head variation on the weir than standard weirs. Due to contraction and decreasing discharge along the weir, a gradual variation in the water surface is occurred such as spatially varied flow phenomena. Therefore, in this study by solving the spatially varied flow equation, the water surface profile of duckbill weir is obtained when the bottom slots were used along the weir. Furthermore, Flow-3D software is used to simulate the water surface profile along the weir. The results of dimensional analysis showed that the discharge coefficient of the weir is increased by increasing of length and opening of slots. The results also show that the discharge coefficient of the weir is more affected by slot opening rather than the slot length. By solving the spatially varied flow equation along the weir one can found that there is a threshold value of H/P (H is the head of water over the weir and P is weir height) for a given θ (the angle between side wall and flow direction of the weir) in which the water surface tends to drop by entering to the weir and then a gradual rise in the water surface as it approaches the downstream end of the weir. The results also show that the calculated water surface profile along the weir by using spatially varied flow equation and Flow-3D software is close to experimental results. The maximum errors in computation of water surface profile for solving spatially varied flow equation and Flow-3D software are 6.8% and 3.05%, respectively.
International journal of Advanced Biological and Biomedical Research, 2013
To evaluate the effects of the current situation and future development on Source groundwater whe... more To evaluate the effects of the current situation and future development on Source groundwater whether quantitative or qualitative point of view, simulation computer resources, a powerful tool in the optimal utilization of source is considered. Year recent several model of math and computer simulation of hydraulic behavior of underground water resources focus is located. Like making mathematical phenomenon hydraulic set of algebraic relations, differential and integral that the groundwater flow hydrodynamics and its relations with aquifer levels to show. In this study, like making Narmab aquifer located in Golestan province, using a mathematical model Visual Mudflow 3.1 was performed. Changes of water level data from 15 wells piezometer water table in the study area, were evaluated. Results with coefficient estimates 97 percent representation for all to month showed that the water level model with acceptable accuracy similar building and to model groundwater flow in the aquifer above...
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