We use a 4-year time series of high-resolution coastal zone color scanner imagery to study mesosc... more We use a 4-year time series of high-resolution coastal zone color scanner imagery to study mesoscale variability in phytoplankton pigment (as a surrogate for biomass) distributions off central Calfornia during the spring-summer upwelling season. We use empirical orthogonal functions to decompose the time series of spatial images into its dominant models of variability. Similarly, we analyze wind fields derived from
The euphotic zone below the deep chlorophyll maximum layer (DCML) at Station ALOHA (a long-term o... more The euphotic zone below the deep chlorophyll maximum layer (DCML) at Station ALOHA (a long-term oligotrophic habitat assessment; 22Њ45ЈN, 158Њ00ЈW) transects the nearly permanently stratified upper thermocline. Hence, seasonal changes in solar radiation control the balance between photosynthesis and respiration in this lightlimited region. Combining profiles of radiance reflectance, algal pigments, and inorganic nutrients collected between January 1998 and December 2000, we explore the relationships between photosynthetically available radiation (PAR), phytoplankton biomass (chlorophyll a), and the position of the upper nitracline in the lower euphotic zone. Seasonal variations in the water-column PAR attenuation coefficient displace the 1% sea-surface PAR depth from approximately 105 m in winter to 121 m in summer. However, the seasonal depth displacement of isolumes (constant daily integrated photon flux strata) increases to 31 m due to the added effect of changes in sea-surface PAR. This variation induces a significant deepening of the DCML during summertime with a concomitant increase in chlorophyll a and the removal of 36 mmol m Ϫ2 inorganic nitrogen [NO ϩ NO ] in the 90-200-m depth range, Ϫ Ϫ 3 2 equivalent to approximately 34% of the annual flux of particulate nitrogen collected in sediment traps placed at 150 m. We conclude that in this oceanic region the annual light cycle at the base of the euphotic zone induces an increase in the phototrophic biomass analogous to a spring bloom event. Based on the effects of light, the water-column has been historically divided into three major zones: (1) a euphotic zone where light intensity is sufficient to support net photosynthesis, (2) a disphotic or twilight zone where light in
My overall research goal is to understand the coupling of physical processes with spatial and tem... more My overall research goal is to understand the coupling of physical processes with spatial and temporal variability in the distribution of phytoplankton biomass and productivity. OBJECTIVES The objective of this research is to understand the relationship of physical processes and the temporal and spatial structure of the phytoplankton community in the eddies and filaments observed off California. APPROACH Twenty-four near-surface drifters equipped with bio-optical sensors were deployed in the California Current as part of the Eastern Boundary Current Accelerated Research Initiative. Deployment patterns consisted of drifter clusters to estimate Lagrangian decorrelation scales in an eddy. The second deployment pattern consisted of repeated cross-shore lines to observe large-scale seasonal patterns. WORK COMPLETED All of the drifters relayed their data back to shore via a satellite link provided by Service ARGOS. The lifetime of the drifters increased from 90 days in the early deployments to nearly one year in the later deployments. The bio-optical data were calibrated through comparisons with limited contemporaneous ship observations. The figure below shows all of the drifter tracks. We have refined a series of quality control tests for the bio-optical data. Tests were based on local sun angle, degree of bio-fouling (using the ratio of 683 nm to 555 nm Report Documentation Page Form Approved OMB No. 0704-0188 Public reporting burden for the collection of information is estimated to average 1 hour per response, including the time for reviewing instructions, searching existing data sources, gathering and maintaining the data needed, and completing and reviewing the collection of information. Send comments regarding this burden estimate or any other aspect of this collection of information, including suggestions for reducing this burden, to Washington Headquarters Services, Directorate for Information Operations and Reports, 1215 Jefferson Davis Highway, Suite 1204, Arlington VA 22202-4302. Respondents should be aware that notwithstanding any other provision of law, no person shall be subject to a penalty for failing to comply with a collection of information if it does not display a currently valid OMB control number. 18. NUMBER OF PAGES 4 19a. NAME OF RESPONSIBLE PERSON
Coastal waters are highly dynamic. Tides, diurnal winds, river runoff, upwelling and storm winds ... more Coastal waters are highly dynamic. Tides, diurnal winds, river runoff, upwelling and storm winds drive currents from one to several knots. Three hour or better sampling is required to resolve these features, and to track red tides, oil spills or other features of concern for coastal environmental management. To provide this capability NOAA is planning to include hyperspectral coastal waters imaging (HES-CW) as part of the hyperspectral environment suite (HES) on the next generation Geostationary Operational Environmental Satellite (GOES-R) to be launched in 2012. The HES-CW will image the U.S. coastal waters once every three hours, with selected regions hourly. It will have 300 m spatial resolution and the high signal-to-noise ratio necessary for coastal imaging. To prepare for HES-CW NOAA has formed the Coastal Ocean Applications and Science Team (COAST). COAST goals are to assure that ocean applications and science requirements are met and to help NOAA prepare for the immediate use of the data when HES-CW is launched. This presentation describes the HES-CW requirements, current status and the activities of the COAST team to prepare for HES-CW
Improve our ability to sense and predict ocean processes, utilizing state-of-the-art information ... more Improve our ability to sense and predict ocean processes, utilizing state-of-the-art information processing architectures. OBJECTIVES Next-generation processor architectures (multi-core, multi-threaded) hold the promise of delivering enormous amounts of compute power in a small form factor and with low power requirements. However, new programming models are required to realize this potential. Our objectives are to deploy signal processing algorithms onto a variety of "systems on a chip" (SOC) such as those being developed by Intel and NVidia, as well as the application of SOC architectures for other vehicle functions. APPROACH The overarching theme of this work relates to the application of advanced heterogeneous processors (both in an embedded environment and in a cluster) to high bandwidth signal processing. Our previous work included the development of a task dispatcher model for rapid development of signal processing applications on the IBM Cell/B.E. platform. This year, we completed several enhancements to this system; including the addition of scheduling tasks on a cluster, heterogeneous (GPU/CPU) computation, and a graphical programming language. WORK COMPLETED Our previous research explored how advancements in processor and system architecture influence software design and how they can be leveraged to accelerate signal processing tasks, specifically, the Conventional Beam Former (CBF). The IBM Cell processor was the initial development platform for this research, and we successfully ported the Oasis implementation of the CBF onto it. In addition to implementing the CBF on the Cell, we developed a client-server approach for executing beam forming
The Marine Science Advisory Panel (Panel) of Oregon University System scientists commends the U.S... more The Marine Science Advisory Panel (Panel) of Oregon University System scientists commends the U.S. Commission on Ocean Policy (USCOP) for its comprehensive review of the Nation's current approach to ocean policy and management and its recommendations for future improvements. The USCOP report highlights three key messages: 1. The oceans are important to all Americans. 2. A multitude of land-based and ocean-based activities are negatively affecting oceans. 3. Changes are urgently needed. There is ample and unequivocal scientific evidence to support these conclusions. Moreover, these key messages are as important and relevant to Oregonians as they are to the entire Nation. The USCOP anchors its recommendations for a new national ocean policy in 13 Guiding Principles. These principles range from Sustainability and Stewardship, to Ocean-Land-Atmosphere Connections, Best Available Science and Information, and Ecosystem-Based Management. The Guiding Principles, which are grounded firmly in science, capture the essence of how ocean policy should be developed and implemented. Despite the compelling logic of the principles, they currently are not used to provide positive guidance for decision-making at federal, state, or local levels around the Nation. Only recently has their importance been recognized. The Panel concludes that these Guiding Principles are solidly grounded in science, and it strongly endorses using them to anchor recommendations and decisions. (Refer to Section I of the review for scientific comment about the USCOP Guiding Principles.) The Panel notes that most of the USCOP recommendations do not go far enough to achieve the goals articulated in the Guiding Principles. For this reason, the Panel encourages Governor Kulongoski to highlight in his response the need for the USCOP to strengthen its recommendations so that they, in fact, enable both Oregon and the country to make significant progress toward the goals outlined in the report.
Coastal waters are highly dynamic. Tides, diurnal winds, river runoff, upwelling and storm winds ... more Coastal waters are highly dynamic. Tides, diurnal winds, river runoff, upwelling and storm winds drive currents from one to several knots. Three hour or better sampling is required to resolve these features, and to track red tides, oil spills or other features of concern for coastal environmental management. To provide this capability NOAA is planning to include hyperspectral coastal waters imaging (HES-CW) as part of the hyperspectral environment suite (HES) on the next generation Geostationary Operational Environmental Satellite (GOES-R) to be launched in 2012. The HES-CW will image the U.S. coastal waters once every three hours, with selected regions hourly. It will have 300 m spatial resolution and the high signal-to-noise ratio necessary for coastal imaging. To prepare for HES-CW NOAA has formed the Coastal Ocean Applications and Science Team (COAST). COAST goals are to assure that ocean applications and science requirements are met and to help NOAA prepare for the immediate use of the data when HES-CW is launched. This presentation describes the HES-CW requirements, current status and the activities of the COAST team to prepare for HES-CW
We use a 4-year time series of high-resolution coastal zone color scanner imagery to study mesosc... more We use a 4-year time series of high-resolution coastal zone color scanner imagery to study mesoscale variability in phytoplankton pigment (as a surrogate for biomass) distributions off central Calfornia during the spring-summer upwelling season. We use empirical orthogonal functions to decompose the time series of spatial images into its dominant models of variability. Similarly, we analyze wind fields derived from
The euphotic zone below the deep chlorophyll maximum layer (DCML) at Station ALOHA (a long-term o... more The euphotic zone below the deep chlorophyll maximum layer (DCML) at Station ALOHA (a long-term oligotrophic habitat assessment; 22Њ45ЈN, 158Њ00ЈW) transects the nearly permanently stratified upper thermocline. Hence, seasonal changes in solar radiation control the balance between photosynthesis and respiration in this lightlimited region. Combining profiles of radiance reflectance, algal pigments, and inorganic nutrients collected between January 1998 and December 2000, we explore the relationships between photosynthetically available radiation (PAR), phytoplankton biomass (chlorophyll a), and the position of the upper nitracline in the lower euphotic zone. Seasonal variations in the water-column PAR attenuation coefficient displace the 1% sea-surface PAR depth from approximately 105 m in winter to 121 m in summer. However, the seasonal depth displacement of isolumes (constant daily integrated photon flux strata) increases to 31 m due to the added effect of changes in sea-surface PAR. This variation induces a significant deepening of the DCML during summertime with a concomitant increase in chlorophyll a and the removal of 36 mmol m Ϫ2 inorganic nitrogen [NO ϩ NO ] in the 90-200-m depth range, Ϫ Ϫ 3 2 equivalent to approximately 34% of the annual flux of particulate nitrogen collected in sediment traps placed at 150 m. We conclude that in this oceanic region the annual light cycle at the base of the euphotic zone induces an increase in the phototrophic biomass analogous to a spring bloom event. Based on the effects of light, the water-column has been historically divided into three major zones: (1) a euphotic zone where light intensity is sufficient to support net photosynthesis, (2) a disphotic or twilight zone where light in
My overall research goal is to understand the coupling of physical processes with spatial and tem... more My overall research goal is to understand the coupling of physical processes with spatial and temporal variability in the distribution of phytoplankton biomass and productivity. OBJECTIVES The objective of this research is to understand the relationship of physical processes and the temporal and spatial structure of the phytoplankton community in the eddies and filaments observed off California. APPROACH Twenty-four near-surface drifters equipped with bio-optical sensors were deployed in the California Current as part of the Eastern Boundary Current Accelerated Research Initiative. Deployment patterns consisted of drifter clusters to estimate Lagrangian decorrelation scales in an eddy. The second deployment pattern consisted of repeated cross-shore lines to observe large-scale seasonal patterns. WORK COMPLETED All of the drifters relayed their data back to shore via a satellite link provided by Service ARGOS. The lifetime of the drifters increased from 90 days in the early deployments to nearly one year in the later deployments. The bio-optical data were calibrated through comparisons with limited contemporaneous ship observations. The figure below shows all of the drifter tracks. We have refined a series of quality control tests for the bio-optical data. Tests were based on local sun angle, degree of bio-fouling (using the ratio of 683 nm to 555 nm Report Documentation Page Form Approved OMB No. 0704-0188 Public reporting burden for the collection of information is estimated to average 1 hour per response, including the time for reviewing instructions, searching existing data sources, gathering and maintaining the data needed, and completing and reviewing the collection of information. Send comments regarding this burden estimate or any other aspect of this collection of information, including suggestions for reducing this burden, to Washington Headquarters Services, Directorate for Information Operations and Reports, 1215 Jefferson Davis Highway, Suite 1204, Arlington VA 22202-4302. Respondents should be aware that notwithstanding any other provision of law, no person shall be subject to a penalty for failing to comply with a collection of information if it does not display a currently valid OMB control number. 18. NUMBER OF PAGES 4 19a. NAME OF RESPONSIBLE PERSON
Coastal waters are highly dynamic. Tides, diurnal winds, river runoff, upwelling and storm winds ... more Coastal waters are highly dynamic. Tides, diurnal winds, river runoff, upwelling and storm winds drive currents from one to several knots. Three hour or better sampling is required to resolve these features, and to track red tides, oil spills or other features of concern for coastal environmental management. To provide this capability NOAA is planning to include hyperspectral coastal waters imaging (HES-CW) as part of the hyperspectral environment suite (HES) on the next generation Geostationary Operational Environmental Satellite (GOES-R) to be launched in 2012. The HES-CW will image the U.S. coastal waters once every three hours, with selected regions hourly. It will have 300 m spatial resolution and the high signal-to-noise ratio necessary for coastal imaging. To prepare for HES-CW NOAA has formed the Coastal Ocean Applications and Science Team (COAST). COAST goals are to assure that ocean applications and science requirements are met and to help NOAA prepare for the immediate use of the data when HES-CW is launched. This presentation describes the HES-CW requirements, current status and the activities of the COAST team to prepare for HES-CW
Improve our ability to sense and predict ocean processes, utilizing state-of-the-art information ... more Improve our ability to sense and predict ocean processes, utilizing state-of-the-art information processing architectures. OBJECTIVES Next-generation processor architectures (multi-core, multi-threaded) hold the promise of delivering enormous amounts of compute power in a small form factor and with low power requirements. However, new programming models are required to realize this potential. Our objectives are to deploy signal processing algorithms onto a variety of "systems on a chip" (SOC) such as those being developed by Intel and NVidia, as well as the application of SOC architectures for other vehicle functions. APPROACH The overarching theme of this work relates to the application of advanced heterogeneous processors (both in an embedded environment and in a cluster) to high bandwidth signal processing. Our previous work included the development of a task dispatcher model for rapid development of signal processing applications on the IBM Cell/B.E. platform. This year, we completed several enhancements to this system; including the addition of scheduling tasks on a cluster, heterogeneous (GPU/CPU) computation, and a graphical programming language. WORK COMPLETED Our previous research explored how advancements in processor and system architecture influence software design and how they can be leveraged to accelerate signal processing tasks, specifically, the Conventional Beam Former (CBF). The IBM Cell processor was the initial development platform for this research, and we successfully ported the Oasis implementation of the CBF onto it. In addition to implementing the CBF on the Cell, we developed a client-server approach for executing beam forming
The Marine Science Advisory Panel (Panel) of Oregon University System scientists commends the U.S... more The Marine Science Advisory Panel (Panel) of Oregon University System scientists commends the U.S. Commission on Ocean Policy (USCOP) for its comprehensive review of the Nation's current approach to ocean policy and management and its recommendations for future improvements. The USCOP report highlights three key messages: 1. The oceans are important to all Americans. 2. A multitude of land-based and ocean-based activities are negatively affecting oceans. 3. Changes are urgently needed. There is ample and unequivocal scientific evidence to support these conclusions. Moreover, these key messages are as important and relevant to Oregonians as they are to the entire Nation. The USCOP anchors its recommendations for a new national ocean policy in 13 Guiding Principles. These principles range from Sustainability and Stewardship, to Ocean-Land-Atmosphere Connections, Best Available Science and Information, and Ecosystem-Based Management. The Guiding Principles, which are grounded firmly in science, capture the essence of how ocean policy should be developed and implemented. Despite the compelling logic of the principles, they currently are not used to provide positive guidance for decision-making at federal, state, or local levels around the Nation. Only recently has their importance been recognized. The Panel concludes that these Guiding Principles are solidly grounded in science, and it strongly endorses using them to anchor recommendations and decisions. (Refer to Section I of the review for scientific comment about the USCOP Guiding Principles.) The Panel notes that most of the USCOP recommendations do not go far enough to achieve the goals articulated in the Guiding Principles. For this reason, the Panel encourages Governor Kulongoski to highlight in his response the need for the USCOP to strengthen its recommendations so that they, in fact, enable both Oregon and the country to make significant progress toward the goals outlined in the report.
Coastal waters are highly dynamic. Tides, diurnal winds, river runoff, upwelling and storm winds ... more Coastal waters are highly dynamic. Tides, diurnal winds, river runoff, upwelling and storm winds drive currents from one to several knots. Three hour or better sampling is required to resolve these features, and to track red tides, oil spills or other features of concern for coastal environmental management. To provide this capability NOAA is planning to include hyperspectral coastal waters imaging (HES-CW) as part of the hyperspectral environment suite (HES) on the next generation Geostationary Operational Environmental Satellite (GOES-R) to be launched in 2012. The HES-CW will image the U.S. coastal waters once every three hours, with selected regions hourly. It will have 300 m spatial resolution and the high signal-to-noise ratio necessary for coastal imaging. To prepare for HES-CW NOAA has formed the Coastal Ocean Applications and Science Team (COAST). COAST goals are to assure that ocean applications and science requirements are met and to help NOAA prepare for the immediate use of the data when HES-CW is launched. This presentation describes the HES-CW requirements, current status and the activities of the COAST team to prepare for HES-CW
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