Papers by Mahmoud AbouLaila
Egyptian Journal of Veterinary Science, Sep 30, 2023
TOPOSIDE EXHIBITS antibacterial, antimalarial, and anticancer properties. Three Babesia parasites... more TOPOSIDE EXHIBITS antibacterial, antimalarial, and anticancer properties. Three Babesia parasites namely, B. bovis, B. bigemina, and B. caballi and Theileria equi were used to assess the remedial impacts of etoposide in vitro. Etoposide's impact on the transcription of the type II DNA topoisomerase, the DNA gyrase subunits A and B genes, has been studied using reversetranscription PCR. Etoposide exhibited significant growth inhibition, having IC 50 estimates of 3.5 for B. bovis, 4 for B. bigemina, 3.7 for B. caballi, and 4 for T. equi nM. It suppressed growth in B. bovis and T. equi, B. bigemina, and B. caballi at concentrations, including 25 µM and 10 µM, respectively. Throughout the viability assay, it inhibited the regrowth of the four piroplasms at 10 µM. RT-PCR revealed etoposide therapy repressed DNA gyrase transcription in B. bovis. Therefore, the DNA gyrase is the target of etoposide in B. bovis. Etoposide showed promise in treating babesiosis and theileriosis in vitro but required further studies in vivo evaluation for mouse babesiosis
Journal of Current Veterinary Research
Cecalcoccidiosis is a significant parasitic disease that affects poultry farms and is caused by E... more Cecalcoccidiosis is a significant parasitic disease that affects poultry farms and is caused by Eimeria tenella. This study evaluated the anticoccidial efficacy of oregano oil and allicin against Eimeria tenella in experimentally infected broiler chickens. One hundred and twenty-one-day-old chicks were divided into six groups (20 chicks in each group): G1, non-infected non-treated (control negative group); G2, the infected non-treated (control positive group); G3was treated with amprolium; G4was treated with oregano oil, G5 was treated with allicin, andG6was treated with a mixed dose of oregano oil andallicin. All groups were challenged with 10 4 Eimeria tenella sporulated oocysts at the 5 th day old except the first group (G1). Body weight (B.W), food conversion rate (FCR), oocyst count, hematology, serum biochemical parameters, and histopathology were assessed throughout the experiment in all groups. Oregano oil and allicin significantly improved B.W., FCR, lesion score, and oocyst count. Additionally, histopathology showed that the oregano oil and allicin successfully treated the cecum thoroughly; the cecum was average in its histology with the absence of E. tenella developmental stages. In conclusion, this study proved that oregano oil and allicin have a protective and curative effect as anti-coccidial drugs of plant origin on E. tenella-infected chickens. Furthermore, the mixture of the two chemicals is a promising treatment for E. tenella infection in broiler chickens.
Veterinary parasitology. Regional studies and reports, May 1, 2024
Quercetin has antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antitrypanosomal, and antimalarial activities. The ... more Quercetin has antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antitrypanosomal, and antimalarial activities. The hindering properties of quercetin were appraised for three Babesia species and Theileria equi in vitro and against Babesia microti in mice. Quercetin exhibited substantial growth restraint for Babesia bovis, Babesia bigemina, Babesia caballi, and Theileria equi with IC50 values of 8, 7, 5, and 4 nM, respectively. T. equi growth was suppressed at 50 µM concentration. Parasite regrowth was repressed in the consequent viability test at 100 µM for Babesia bovis and Babesia bigemina and 50 µM for Babesia caballi and Theileria equi. Quercetin at a dose rate of 14.5 mg/kg raised a 77.5 % reticence of Babesia microti progression in BALB/c mice. Quercetin might be of value as a treatment in babesiosis and theileriosis.
Veterinary Parasitology: Regional Studies and Reports, Nov 1, 2022
Egyptian veterinary medical society of parasitology journal (EVMSPJ), Dec 25, 2018
Apigenin and gallic acid are naturally occurring plant flavonoids. They have antioxidant, anti-in... more Apigenin and gallic acid are naturally occurring plant flavonoids. They have antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antitrypanosomal, and antimalarial activities. In this study, the restrictive properties of Apigenin and gallic acid were evaluated against two Babesia species and Theileria equi in vitro. Apigenin was evaluated against B. microti in mice. Apigenin showed significant growth inhibition for Babesia bovis, Babesia caballi, and Theileria equi with IC 50 values of 125 µM, 60 µM, and 0.08 µM, respectively. IC 50 values of gallic acid were 30, 30, and 4.5 µM for Babesia bovis, Babesia caballi, and Theileria equi, respectively. Apigenin at a dose rate of 5 mg/kg resulted in a 65 % restriction of Babesia microti progression in BALB/c mice. Apigenin may be a promising drug therapy in bovine and equine piroplasmosis.
Gene Reports, Mar 1, 2022
Veterinary Parasitology, Jun 1, 2011
Bovine babesiosis is a tick-transmitted hemoprotozoan disease that is mainly caused by Babesia bo... more Bovine babesiosis is a tick-transmitted hemoprotozoan disease that is mainly caused by Babesia bovis and Babesia bigemina and is characterized by significant morbidity and mortality worldwide. The disease is widespread in the northeastern region of Thailand, where an increasingly large part of the livestock is composed of water buffaloes. The present study was therefore conducted to investigate the epidemiological distribution of B. bovis and B. bigemina in water buffaloes in the northeastern region of Thailand. A total of 305 buffalo blood samples were randomly collected from five provinces and simultaneously analyzed by the nested PCR (nPCR) assay, ELISA, and IFAT techniques. The overall prevalence of B. bovis and B. bigemina was 11.2% and 3.6% by nPCR, 14.7% and 5.9% by ELISA, and 16.8% and 5.6% by IFAT, respectively. The high concordance between the molecular and the serological detection tests revealed the specificity and sensitivity of the diagnostic assays used for the detection of infection as well as the endemic stability status of the parasites in the surveyed areas. Statistically significant differences in the prevalence of the two infections were observed on the basis of age and location but not gender. Our data provide valuable information regarding the epidemiology of B. bovis and B. bigemina infection in water buffaloes in the northeastern region of Thailand which will likely be very beneficial for management and control programs of this disease.
Veterinary Parasitology: Regional Studies and Reports, Dec 1, 2020
Echidnophaga gallinacea is the sticktight flea of chickens. It causes dermatitis and ulcers in th... more Echidnophaga gallinacea is the sticktight flea of chickens. It causes dermatitis and ulcers in the skin and carries some disease-causing agents such as Rickettsia and Bartonella. This study was conducted to detect the infection rate and elucidate the molecular characterization of E. gallinacea in chickens from El-Dabaa City, Matrouh Governorate, Egypt. The fleas were collected from infected chickens and identified morphologically. The internal transcribed spacer-1 (ITS-1) gene PCR method was used for molecular characterization. Based on the morphology, the collected fleas were confirmed as E. gallinacea. The overall infection rate was 5%, with 4.5% in female and 10% in male chickens. ITS-1 PCR revealed a specific band of 488 bp. The ITS-1 gene sequence from Egypt occurred in the same phylogenetic clade as that from Cameroon, with a percentage identity of 98.47%.
Damanhour Journal of Veterinary Sciences (Online), Oct 5, 2019
Quercetin has antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antitrypanosomal, and antimalarial activities. The ... more Quercetin has antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antitrypanosomal, and antimalarial activities. The hindering properties of quercetin were appraised for three Babesia species and Theileria equi in vitro and against Babesia microti in mice. Quercetin exhibited substantial growth restraint for Babesia bovis, Babesia bigemina, Babesia caballi, and Theileria equi with IC50 values of 8, 7, 5, and 4 nM, respectively. T. equi growth was suppressed at 50 µM concentration. Parasite regrowth was repressed in the consequent viability test at 100 µM for Babesia bovis and Babesia bigemina and 50 µM for Babesia caballi and Theileria equi. Quercetin at a dose rate of 14.5 mg/kg raised a 77.5 % reticence of Babesia microti progression in BALB/c mice. Quercetin might be of value as a treatment in babesiosis and theileriosis.
Veterinary Parasitology, Dec 1, 2012
The Babesia bigemina heat shock protein-70 gene (BbigHSP-70) was cloned from cDNA by polymerase c... more The Babesia bigemina heat shock protein-70 gene (BbigHSP-70) was cloned from cDNA by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and sequenced. The length of the gene is 1947 bp and the predicted polypeptide is 649 amino acids long with a calculated molecular weight of 70.85 kDa. BbigHSP-70 has a signal peptide of 15 amino acids. Phylogenetic analysis of the amino acid sequence of BbigHSP-70 showed that B. bigemina was most closely related to B. caballi and B. bovis and lies within a phylogenetic cluster with Theileria. rBbigHSP-70 was expressed in E. coli as a soluble GST-fusion protein with a molecular mass of 96.8-kDa. The serum raised in mice against rBbigHSP-70 detected the native protein in B. bigemina, B. bovis, B. caballi, B. gibsoni, and B. microti lysates and also reacted with B. bigemina, B. bovis, and B. caballi merozoites in the IFAT. Mice vaccinated with rBbigHSP-70 showed lower parasitemia against the challenge infection with B. microti than GST-vaccinated and nonvaccinated controls. These results added a new member of Babesia heat shock proteins70 that is well conserved among intraerythrocytic protozoa and demonstrated its protective effects in an experimental model of rodent babesiosis.
Damanhour Journal of Veterinary Sciences
Quails have many advantages over other poultry species. Its meat has achieved great popularity as... more Quails have many advantages over other poultry species. Its meat has achieved great popularity as an excellent source of protein and other important nutrients. However, there are some limitations to quails production. One of them is the susceptibility to parasitic diseases that cause severe economic losses. Therefore, this work aimed to determine the infection rate and morphology of parasites infecting quails in El-Behera governorate, Egypt. 100 quails (50 migratory, Coturnix coturnix japonica and 50 domesticated quails) were collected. The gastrointestinal tracts of each bird were examined to collect helminths. Fecal materials were examined by direct and flotation methods to detect any coccidian species. The results showed that the total percentage of infection with parasites was 55%. The prevalence of parasitic infection in migratory and domesticated quails was 40% and 70%, respectively. Two species of helminths were recorded, Raillitina tetragona and Heterakis gallinarum with a prevalence of 87.5% and 22.22%, respectively. The morphology of helminths was described using a scanning electron microscope. Eimeria bateri, Eimeria tsunodai, and Eimeria uzura were among the protozoa identified. The histopathological changes in infected tissue with Eimeria species were recorded. In conclusion, this study presented the parasites' prevalence, morphology, and histopathological changes in infected tissue with Eimeria species in examined domesticated and migratory quails.
Veterinary Parasitology: Regional Studies and Reports, 2020
Strongylus vulgaris has high pathogenicity to equines. It causes aneurysm and thrombosis in the a... more Strongylus vulgaris has high pathogenicity to equines. It causes aneurysm and thrombosis in the arteries particularly an anterior mesenteric artery, that is fatal to equines. In this study, we aimed to diagnose microscopically the natural infection of donkeys with Strongylus vulgaris from Sadat City, Minoufiya Governorate, Egypt. Fecal egg culture was used after the diagnosis of strongyle eggs to identify the species. Hematological and biochemical parameters were assessed. Adult worms were collected after post mortem examination of the infected animal. The sequence of ITS-2 was used to confirm the species of the parasite. The infection rate was 15.85% using the microscopical examination. The larval culture confirmed the infection with strongyle eggs as Strongylus vulgaris larvae. The sequence of ITS-2 was highly identical (about 95%) to sequences from Germany, China, and Turkey and occurred in the same genetic clade with the sequence from Germany. In conclusion, the study presented the diagnosis, the changes in the hematological and biochemical parameters in the infected animals, and the genetic characterization of Strongylus vulgaris from Sadat City, Minoufiya Governorate Egypt for the first time.
Introduction : To evaluate the inhibitory effects of the decoction of green tea, black tea, insta... more Introduction : To evaluate the inhibitory effects of the decoction of green tea, black tea, instant coffee, hibiscus, cinnamon, and peppermint on the in vitro growth of Babesia bovis , Babesia bigemina , Babesia caballi, Babesia divergens , and Theilria equi. Method: In vitro inhibition assay of the decoction of green tea, black tea, instant coffee, hibiscus, cinnamon, and peppermint was used for Babesia bovis , Babesia bigemina , Babesia caballi , Babesia divergens , and Theilria equi. Viability test was applied after treatment of the cultures with beverages. Results: In the present study, the six beverages significantly inhibit the in vitro growth of the four Babesia species and T. equi . The IC 50 values of green tea were 3.83, 6.25, 2.2, 5.3, and 1.8 % (v/v) for Babesia bovis , Babesia bigemina , Babesia divergens , Babesia caballi , and Theilria equi, respectively . The IC 50 values of black tea were 3.8, 10, 2.92, 12.6, and 1.9 % (v/v) for B. bovis , B. bigemina , B. divergens...
Journal of Current Veterinary Research, 2015
Veterinary Parasitology: Regional Studies and Reports, 2020
In the present study, we conducted an epidemiological survey of Theileria equi, with sequencing a... more In the present study, we conducted an epidemiological survey of Theileria equi, with sequencing analysis of the PCR product using blood-DNA samples collected from donkeys (n = 149) reared in different Egyptian provinces in Lower Egypt (Menoufia and Mersa Matruh) and middle Egypt (Giza). All animals were tested for the presence of T. equi parasite using species-specific PCR assay targeting the Equi merozoite antigen-1 (EMA-1). Nine- (6.04%) samples were positive for T. equi. The highest positive rate for infection was detected in Giza zoological garden (10.16%). Egyptian EMA-1 gene sequence exhibited a high identity with gene sequence from Italy, Japan, South Africa, Indian and Israel, the Palestinian Authority. In conclusion, data presented here revealed for the presence of T. equi in donkeys in two provinces of Egypt either in form of acute infection or carriers. These findings have economic significance and indicate the importance of introducing effective prevention and control strategies throughout Egypt to minimize the prevalence of equine piroplasmosis caused by T. equi.
Alexandria Journal of Veterinary Sciences
Bovine cysticercosis is regarded as a critical public health problem affecting farm animals' ... more Bovine cysticercosis is regarded as a critical public health problem affecting farm animals' wealth. The current study sought to establish the prevalence of Cysticercus bovis, histopathology, and its economic effect on slaughtered cattle from Egypt's El-Menofia Province. The inspection of 4670 cattle carcasses, 2500 male and 2170 female, was done over two years, from March 2019 to February 2021, at three abattoirs (El-Shohada, El-Bagour, and Menof). The findings showed that 0.69% of slaughtered cattle had C. bovis. The prevalence was highest in summer and autumn at 0.195% followed by winter at 0.17% and spring at 0.13%. Females were more susceptible than males to infection at 0.58% and 0.11%, respectively. The presence of C. bovis was associated with the age of the inspected carcass. The increased prevalence was observed in female cattle older than 5 years. The predilection sites were masseter muscle (0.23%), heart (0.44%), and entire carcass (0.04%). Heavy infection with C....
SLOVENIAN VETERINARY RESEARCH
Sarcocystosis considerably occurs in a wide host range including animals, reptiles, humans, and b... more Sarcocystosis considerably occurs in a wide host range including animals, reptiles, humans, and birds. This study was conducted to determine the prevalence of Sarcocystis spp. using abattoir inspection, genetic characterization, as well as histopathology in water buffaloes in two provinces, Elbehera and Kafrelsheikh, Egypt. Specimens were collected from esophagus, tongue, and masseters of 400 slaughtered buffaloes in Elbehera (n= 215) and Kafrelsheikh (n= 185). Samples were examined macroscopically and histopathologically. Furthermore, genetic characterization of Sarcocystis spp. was performed using the 18SrRNA gene-based PCR. The total prevalence was 71.0% (75.3% and 65.9% in Elbehera and Kafrelsheikh, respectively). Aged buffaloes had a higher prevalence than young ones. Females had a higher prevalence than males. The esophagus was the most infected organ. Molecular analysis revealed that the recovered species was S. fusiformis. This is the first genetic characterization of S. fus...
Journal of Current Veterinary Research
The present study was carried out on 430 domestic pigeons (318 nestlings and 112 adults) from Jan... more The present study was carried out on 430 domestic pigeons (318 nestlings and 112 adults) from January to December 2020 in Sadat City, Egypt to determine the prevalence of Trichomonas gallinae and their histopathological effects. Pigeons were clinically examined for trichomoniasis. Birds with oral lesions of T. gallinae were subjected to wet mount preparations and Giemsa stained smears from their mouth, esophagus, and crops. Histopathological examination of infected tissues was performed. The results observed revealed that the prevalence rate of T. gallinae was 4.2 % (18/430). The infection rate was higher in nestlings (4.4%) than in adults (3.6%). The highest infection rate was recorded during summer (5.8%) while the lowest rate was recorded in winter season (1.9%). Moreover, morphological descriptions of recovered T. gallinae organisms were reported. Microscopically, the oral caseous masses revealed plasma cell and lymphocyte infiltration linked to several multinucleated foreign body giant cells and several round to oval pale eosinophilic structures with basophilic properties nuclei which represent Trichomonas gallinae parasites.
Annals of Clinical Investigation, Jul 31, 2019
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Papers by Mahmoud AbouLaila