Papers by Maghsoud Pazhouhandeh
Genetic Engineering and Biosafety Journal, Oct 10, 2015
HAL (Le Centre pour la Communication Scientifique Directe), 2009
RNA silencing is a manifestation of a ubiquitous phenomenon that acts, at least in plants and som... more RNA silencing is a manifestation of a ubiquitous phenomenon that acts, at least in plants and some insects, as a natural defense mechanism against viruses. As a counter-strategy, viruses have evolved to encode silencing suppressor proteins (SSPs) that can block the defense response and evade the host immunity. Although numerous SSP have been identified, little information is available on the molecular basis of their mode of action. Among SSPs, the polerovirus protein P0 functions as an F-box protein that targets an essential actor of the silencing pathway. Our work demonstrates that one of the main targets is ARGONAUTE 1 (AGO1), a key component of the RISC effector complex. By a physical interaction with AGO1, P0 mediates AGO1 protein degradation in planta. This is the first report of a plant virus that exploits components of the host ubiquitination machinery to overcome RNA silencing. This unusual mode of action may provide some clues concerning the mechanism governing phloem tropism of poleroviruses.
Cauliflower Mosaic Virus (CaMV) is a plant Pararetrovirus with a double-stranded DNA genome distr... more Cauliflower Mosaic Virus (CaMV) is a plant Pararetrovirus with a double-stranded DNA genome distributed worldwide. This study analyzed migration, evolution, and synonymous codon pattern of CaMV and the factors that shape it. We extracted genomic sequences of 121 isolates of CaMV, which were reported from various regions-hosts, from the NCBI database. The evolution of viruses has been widely studied by analyzing their nucleotides and coding regions/codons using different methods. Analysis of the CaMV phylogenetic tree shows that it divides most of the sequences into two main groups: Group I includes Irananin, Japanese, and American-European subgroups, and Group II includes Grecian, Turkish, and Iranian subgroups. Analysis of effective codon count, and relative codon deoptimization index, showed that natural selection is a major driving force in CaMV. Furthermore, Relative synonymous codon usage (RSCU) and neutrality analyses show that CaMV prefers A-ending codons and that one codon, ...
Biyutiknuluzhi-i kishavarzi, 2019
<strong>Objective</strong> <br />Optogenetics, as a new scientific branch, uses... more <strong>Objective</strong> <br />Optogenetics, as a new scientific branch, uses the photoreceptors to conduct basic and applied research. Identification of the novel photoreceptors and their characteristics is a way to develop the optogenetics. Cryptochrome/Photolyase protein family DASH crypthochromes have DNA repair ability and play role in signaling pathways. Current research goal was the adequate production of the <em>Volvox</em> predicted DASH1 cryptochrome protein (VcCryDASH1) to use in spectroscopy studies as well as DNA repair assay. <br /> <br /><strong>Materials and methods</strong> <br />First, the coding sequence of VcCryDASH1 was isolated from <em>Volvox carteri</em> cDNA library using the specific primers and cloned into pGEX-2TK expression vector. The recombinant protein production was analyzed using two different strains of <em>E. coli</em> under different incubation times, using IPTG to induce the protein expression and then its solubility was investigated by SDS-PAGE. DNA binding ability of the protein was studied by alignment method. <br /> <br /><strong>Results</strong> <br />The appropriate production of the protein obtained in Rosetta strain at 32°C under more than 3 hours incubation. Approximately, 50 percent of the protein was insoluble under 1 and 3 hours incubations. VcCryDASH1 alignment analysis showed that there is high percentage of amino acids in this protein with DNA binding ability. <br /> <br /><strong>Conclusion</strong> <br />These results revealed that under optimum conditions, VcCryDASH1 has dual solubility but our approach can produce the adequate quantity of the protein in the Rosetta. Also, because of having conserved amino acids, the protein can bind to DNA, nominating it as a possible resource to design the DNA- light mediator molecules in optogenetics.
mong the various stresses, salinity is a great threat to plants and the study of the mechanism of... more mong the various stresses, salinity is a great threat to plants and the study of the mechanism of salt tolerance in plants is important. In one of the salt tolerance pathways in the model plant Arabidopsis, Salt Overly Sensitive 3 (SOS3) protein, which is a sensor of calcium ions and the initiator of a salt tolerance pathway, activates various processes in order to tolerate salinity by the formation of an SOS3-SOS2 complex. On the other hand, superoxide radicals that are produced in response to various stresses such as salinity are harmful to the cell and must be eliminated. How to remove superoxide radicals and protect cells from oxidative damage in salt-tolerant plants is not clear. In this study, the SOS3 protein interactions in Arabidopsis cDNA library were investigated using the Yeast Two Hybrid System (Y2HS), and double transformation of Saccharomyces cerevisiae AH109 strain with pGBT9-SOS3 and pGADT10-AtcDNA. DNA extraction was performed on four selected yeast colonies on SD-...
HAL (Le Centre pour la Communication Scientifique Directe), 2006
Cellular and Molecular Researches #R##N#(Iranian Journal of Biology), Jul 23, 2018
Plant Genetic Researches
Growth, lipid peroxidation and antioxidant enzyme activities as a selection criterion for the sal... more Growth, lipid peroxidation and antioxidant enzyme activities as a selection criterion for the salt tolerance of maize cultivars grown under salinity stress.
Molecular Biology Reports
Algal Research, 2020
Volvocine lineage, categorized in the Chlorophyta phylum, includes multicellular algae (such as V... more Volvocine lineage, categorized in the Chlorophyta phylum, includes multicellular algae (such as Volvox) and the single-celled Chlamydomonas. After genome sequencing and annotation of V. carteri, some predicted photoreceptor coding genes were discovered in its genome. These genes create a sophisticated light-sensing system to adjust the physiology, growth, development, and behavior of the green alga. The specific light-sensitive modules are used to engineer the optogenetic tools as photo-switchable instruments. Given this, the current study presents a description of two nuclear photolyase/cryptochrome gene loci (VcCPF5 and VcCPF8) in V. carteri. In this regard, we conducted in-silico and experimental analyses to investigate the protein functions. Phylogenetic analysis revealed that these genes encode two proteins related to DASH-cryptochrome subclade. In addition, the 3D model of these proteins showed their similarity with photolyase protein family members with DNA repair activity. Furthermore, VcCPF5 and VcCPF8 transcripts increased after red and blue-light treatments during the gonidia maturation phase of microalga which were confirmed by determining the light responsive elements in their putative promoters. Moreover, based on the spectrophotometric analysis of purified and un-purified proteins, they had absorption in the blue-light spectrum like the other members of the cryptochrome/photolyase protein family. Additionally, the transgenic Escherichia coli containing the heterologous tagged proteins were found which increase the survival capability under UV-irradiation compared to the control samples. In conclusion, our findings demonstrated that the expression of DASH-related genes in Volvox rely on the light quality. Moreover, in-vivo and in-silico studies confirmed that these proteins are involved in the light dependent DNA repair process. Then they can be suggested as potential candidates for designing Light-Inducible DNA-Repair (LIDR) tools in the optogenetics studies.
Cellular and Molecular Researches #R##N#(Iranian Journal of Biology), May 21, 2016
Nanomedicine, 2021
Background: Preclinical and clinical studies show that local and systemic antitumor efficacy is a... more Background: Preclinical and clinical studies show that local and systemic antitumor efficacy is achievable by in situ vaccination (ISV) using plant virus nanoparticles in which immunostimulatory reagents are directly administered into the tumor rather than systemically. Aim: To investigate a minimally studied plant virus nanoparticle, alfalfa mosaic virus (AMV), for ISV treatment of 4T1, the very aggressive and metastatic murine triple-negative breast cancer model. Materials & methods: AMV nanoparticles were propagated and characterized. Their treatment impact on in vivo tumors were analyzed using determination of inherent immunogenicity, cytokine analysis, western blotting analysis and immunohistochemistry methodologies. Results: AMV used as an ISV significantly slowed down tumor progression and prolonged survival through immune mechanisms (p < 0.001). Conclusion: Mechanistic studies show that ISV with AMV increases costimulatory molecules, inflammatory cytokines and immune effe...
Journal of Plant Pathology, 2012
Application of mixtures of biocontrol agents has been shown to more effectively control the level... more Application of mixtures of biocontrol agents has been shown to more effectively control the level of several plant pathogens. However, very little is known about possible interactions between co-inoculated biocontrol strains at the molecular level. In this study, we have analyzed the effects of two biocontrol agents, Trichoderma atroviride and Pseudomonas fluorescens, in the control of take-all, a disease caused by Gaeumannomyces graminis. The results showed that T. atroviride combined with one of several strains of P. fluorescens isolated from wheat fields in north-west Iran [including stains Z7, B119 (DAPG-producing), P4 (Phenazine-producing), P6, and P21] significantly reduced the severity of take-all in wheat, albeit with different efficiencies. While combination of T. atroviride with bacterial isolates Z7 or B119 improved take-all suppression in comparison to treatment with the individual biocontrol agents, combination of the P4, the P6 or the P21 isolate with T. atroviride had...
The poleroviruses are an agronomically important genus of plant viruses which can infect a wide r... more The poleroviruses are an agronomically important genus of plant viruses which can infect a wide range of hosts. Their genome is a single-stranded plus-sense RNA. The 5’-terminal ORF encodes the 29 kDa protein P0, a strong suppressor of Post- Transcriptional Gene Silencing (PTGS), an important antiviral defense system in plants. I have investigated the mechanism of action of P0 in suppression of RNA silencing. Our data support a model in which P0 acts as an F-box protein, recruiting the post-translational modification system to overcome the post-transcriptional gene silencing system. In this model P0 interacts with SKP to constitute a SCFP0 complex which presumably addresses ARGONAUTE1 that is the slicer protein in the RNA-induced silencing complex (RISC), for ubiquitination and degradation by 26S proteasome. This would be the first example of a suppressor of RNA silencing that acts in an SCF complex to promote degradation of an essential component of the silencing pathway, thereby, ...
1MSc, in Agricultural Biotechnology, Department of Plant Breeding and Biotechnology, Faculty of A... more 1MSc, in Agricultural Biotechnology, Department of Plant Breeding and Biotechnology, Faculty of Agriculture, Urmia University, Urmia, Iran 2Professor, Department of Plant Breeding and Biotechnology, Institute of Biotechnology, Urmia University, Urmia, Iran 3Associate Professor, Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, Azarbaijan Shahid Madani University, Iran 4Professor, Department of Agronomy and Plant Breeding, Razi University, Kermanshah, Iran
Potato, Solanum tuberosom, an annual plant of the Solanaceae family is one of the important crop ... more Potato, Solanum tuberosom, an annual plant of the Solanaceae family is one of the important crop plants and food. This review is based on genetic engineering researches which has been conducted on this plant untill now. A variety of the transgenic potato plants which have been created to improve its agronomic characteristics, adaptation to the environment, resistance to abiotic stresses, resistance to fungal, bacterial and viral pathogens, resistance to pests, production of recombinant proteins and edible vaccines are described.
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Papers by Maghsoud Pazhouhandeh