Papers by Mahdi Kadkhodazadeh
Background and aims. Periodontitis is a multifactorial disease. Varieties of microbial and enviro... more Background and aims. Periodontitis is a multifactorial disease. Varieties of microbial and environmental, as well as genetic factors are reported to influence risk for periodontitis. The present study sought to test the putative involvement of Il-10 and Il-18 gene polymorphism in pre-disposition to periodontitis in patients had exposure to chemical agent as a risk factor for periodontitis development.Materials and methods. In this retrospective cohort study, 82-chemical-injured patients selected according to inclu-sion criteria (lack of disease in soft and hard oral tissue, excluding dental caries or periodontal disease, free of orthodontic appliances, not received drug, non-smoker, and lack if systemic disease were examined with use of periodontitis clinical criteria (clinical attachment loss, probing depth, bleeding on probing) at periodontology department, dental clinic. Patients were assigned into two groups with periodontitis and without periodontitis. A blood sample (10 ml) of...
Journal of Long-Term Effects of Medical Implants
Tissue and Cell, 2020
The aim of this study was to determine the in vitro effect of a compound of concentrated growth f... more The aim of this study was to determine the in vitro effect of a compound of concentrated growth factor (CGF) and periodontal ligament stem cell-derived conditioned medium (PDLSCs-CM) as a potential product for future applications in periodontal tissue regeneration. Isolated PDLSCs were characterized using flow cytometry and differentiation into osteoblasts and adipocytes cells. PDLSCs-CM and CGF were prepared and lyophilized. To determine the optimal concentration of the CGF-CM compound, the proliferation of PDLSCs after exposure to a wide range of different concentrations of CGF, CM, or their combination (CGF + CM) was investigated by methyl thiazol tetrazolium assay. Successful isolation of PDLSCs was confirmed by high expression of mesenchymal surface markers and differentiation into osteoblasts and adipocytes. PDLSCs showed higher proliferation in the 6.25 mg/mL concentration of CM and 94 μg/mL concentration of CGF. High concentrations of CGF and CM markedly inhibited the proliferation of PDLCs (p < 0.05). The exposure of PDLSCs to the compound of 10% CM + 90% CGF significantly increased the cell proliferation (p < 0.05). The results showed that CGF, CM, or their combination exert a proliferative effect on cells at a certain concentration. Further investigation on the synergistic effect of this compound may approve its application for periodontal regeneration.
Clinical Oral Investigations, 2021
OBJECTIVES This retrospective study was aimed to compare the clinical and radiographic outcomes o... more OBJECTIVES This retrospective study was aimed to compare the clinical and radiographic outcomes of implants with the same body design but different collar surface (laser-microtextured vs. not laser-microtextured) after functional loading. MATERIALS AND METHODS Forty-three patients (29 females, 14 males) with 139 implants (60 laser-microtextured and 79 without laser microtexturing) were included in this study. Patients were consecutively included, and the data were collected during their implant maintenance visit. Clinical and radiographic parameters including probing depth (PD), bleeding on probing (BoP), and marginal bone loss (MBL) were recorded. In addition, the implant success index (ISI) score was determined. Statistical analysis was performed using the Mann-Whitney U test, the Kruskal-Wallis rank test, or the Pearson χ2 test, along with binary logistic regression (p < 0.05 was considered to be statistically significant). RESULTS The median post-loading follow-up was 24 months with 100% survival rate. There was no significant differences in terms of mean PD (3.01 mm vs. 2.63 mm), mean MBL (0.54 vs. 0.49 mm), BoP (56.7% vs. 53.2%), and ISI score between laser-microtextured collars and implants without laser microtexturing. Logistic regression revealed arch as a significant predictor of peri-implantitis (p = 0.02). CONCLUSION Within the limitations of this study, there was no statistically significant difference between the clinical and radiographic outcomes of implants with laser-microtextured and non-laser-microtextured collar designs. Clinical relevance Prospective studies with larger sample sizes and careful monitoring of implant placement protocols are needed for definite conclusions.
pISSN 2093-2278 eISSN 2093-2286Receptor activator of nuclear factor kappa-B gene polymorphisms in
Journal of Dental Materials and Techniques, 2016
Soft tissue-implant interface is an important anatomical feature contributing to the long-term su... more Soft tissue-implant interface is an important anatomical feature contributing to the long-term success of dental implants. Based on the available evidence, different factors may influence biological width around implants including the surgical technique, implant loading, implant surface properties, abutment materials, implant position, and width of the peri-implant mucosa. The purpose of the present review was critical evaluation of the available data, regarding the factors that may influence the biologic width around implants and their subsequent effect on clinical performance of implants. Available literature on this subject published primarily in English from 1921 to 2014, was found by searching several electronic databases and by hand searching relevant journals as well. Totally, 70 relevant articles were selected for this narrative review. The structure of peri-implant mucosa has many similarities, as well as differences with its periodontal counterpart. Most studies report lar...
Journal of Periodontology & Implant Dentistry, 2011
Background and aim. The toothbrush is the most widely used tooth-hygiene tool, and numerous desig... more Background and aim. The toothbrush is the most widely used tooth-hygiene tool, and numerous designs have been manufactured, claiming superior plaque removal. This study aimed at comparing the efficacy of a tooth wipe to a manual toothbrush on reduction of microbial plaque. Materials and methods. This crossover study was conducted on 30 subjects at two visits with one-week interval. Before each visit, individuals refrained from brushing teeth for 12 hours, had their regular meal, and then avoided to eat hard and/or soft foodstuff. Subjects were asked to brush their teeth with the allocated toothbrush (without toothpaste) using the Bass technique for 2 minutes at first visit and with the alternate toothbrush at the second visit. Pre- and post-brushing plaque was measured for total, proximal and buccolingual surfaces using the O’Leary Plaque Index. Paired t-test was used to analyze data. Results. The overall plaque indices were significantly reduced with the tooth wipe and the manual...
Journal of Periodontology & Implant Dentistry, 2011
Background and aims. The aim of this study was to evaluate the predictability of implantation at ... more Background and aims. The aim of this study was to evaluate the predictability of implantation at the time of maxillary and mandibular molar extraction. Materials and methods. Maxillary and mandibular molars were extracted with an atraumatic technique (root separation and careful extraction with a periotome) to preserve all remaining inter-radicular bone. Then, 115 tapered and straight implants were inserted in extraction sites. Inter-radicular bone was utilized to provide primary stability for the implants. Regenerative therapy including placement of bone substitute and resorbable membrane, was performed around all the implants. Results. Four out of 115 implants failed and were removed one month after insertion because of mobility and radiolucency around the implants. The 7-year cumulative survival rate (CSR) of implants was 96.5%. The maxillary and mandibular 7-year CSRs were 92.7% and 98.6%, respectively. Conclusion. The combination of atraumatic extraction of hopeless molars, imm...
Iranian Endodontic Journal, 2013
Introduction There are numerous studies supporting the high success rate of dental implants used ... more Introduction There are numerous studies supporting the high success rate of dental implants used for reconstruction of missing teeth. However, complications like mucositis and peri-implantitis are increasingly reported. Placement of dental implants in partially edentulous patients is associated with the risk of peri-implant diseases, especially when an old or a new inflammatory lesion is present adjacent to the implant site. Although no consensus has been reached on the difference in prevalence of peri-implant mucositis and peri-implantitis between fully and partially edentulous patients, available data clearly show that the combination of periodontal lesion and peri-implantitis is a possible risk factor for further complications. Several classification systems have been suggested for determination of the severity of disease around dental implants. However, no classification has been proposed for combined biological complications around teeth and implants. This study reviews the pos...
Objective: The effects of magnetostrictive ultrasonic instruments and piezoelectric instrument on... more Objective: The effects of magnetostrictive ultrasonic instruments and piezoelectric instrument on tooth surfaces seem to differ considering remaining calculus & root surface roughness. The purpose of this study was to compare a magnetostrictive ultrasonic scaler instrument with a piezoelectric ultrasonic scaler. Methods: 40 human teeth were assigned to two treatment groups (n=20). Teeth were scaled and data related to the duration of scaling and effectiveness of instrument in calculus removal and the amount of surface roughness were collected and statistically analyzed by paired samples T- test. Results: the results revealed that the mean of time needed for instrumentation in piezoelectric and magnetostrictive ultrasonic instruments was 216 ± 52.05 s and 274.5 ± 87.74 s respectively. There was no statistically significant difference between two ultrasonic instruments considering cululus removal. Furthermore, our study showed that Magnetostrictive instrument left more smooth surface ...
Background and aims. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of right/left handedness on... more Background and aims. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of right/left handedness on the ability of patients to remove dental plaque in various quadrants of the mouth. Materials and methods. This double-blind cross-sectional study was conducted in two phases with a two-week time interval, on 40 subjects. During the two visits, the subjects were requested to brush their teeth for 3 minutes with a soft toothbrush without a dentifrice using the Bass technique. Pre- and post-brushing plaque indexes (PI) were measured for all the dental surfaces in various quadrants of the mouth. Results. Following plaque removal at the end of the first phase, RH subjects had higher average of PI in upper left quadrants compared to upper right quadrants (P=0.044), whereas lower right quadrants had higher average of PI compared to lower left quadrants (P=0.387). Conclusion. This study indicates that LH subjects have better ability to access the right quadrants of the mouth to perform oral hyg...
Introduction: The main purpose of the present study was to describe the ultra structural changes ... more Introduction: The main purpose of the present study was to describe the ultra structural changes which happened after treatment of the root surfaces with ultrasonic and hand devices followed by Erbium-Doped Yttrium Aluminum Garnet (Er:YAG) laser irradiation. Methods: Sixty single-rooted maxillary and mandibular teeth which had been extracted due to periodontal problems were collected. Crown and apical parts of the root were cut off using a diamond bur. The specimens were mounted on an acrylic resin in order to make a plain surface of the root accessible. The samples were assigned as following: group1: samples were root planed using conventional hand curette, group2: were prepared by ultrasonic device, group3: roots after scaling by hand instrumentation were treated by Er:YAG laser with 50 mJ/pulse and frequency of 10 Hz, group4: roots were prepared by ultrasonic scaler and consequently were treated by laser. Furthermore, the teeth were dried, sputter-coated with gold, and monitored ...
Introduction: The purpose of this case report is to analyze the results of vestibuleplasty around... more Introduction: The purpose of this case report is to analyze the results of vestibuleplasty around an over-denture based on dental implants to determine the evidence on the effectiveness of laser-assisted surgery and soft tissue management in implant dentistry. Case Report: The patient in this case report was a 57 year- old male who was completely edentulous, with a mandibular over denture based on 4 standard implants suffering from pain on chewing, and a general discomfort, especially in anterior segment. He received a standard gingival augmentation surgery which failed to create sufficient vestibular depth. A laser-assisted vestibuloplasty was done to make the environment suitable for making a new overdenture. Conclusions: There were clinically significant improvements in vestibular depth and peri implant soft tissue situation by laser. Also, bleeding during surgery was well controlled; the patient’s discomfort and pain were less than the first operation done with gingival graft. B...
Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, 2021
Peri-implantitis is a biofilm-induced pathological condition, and different approaches have been ... more Peri-implantitis is a biofilm-induced pathological condition, and different approaches have been proposed to manage this condition. This study introduces a surgical technique in accordance with the concept of guided bone regeneration for implants with extensive peri-implant defects. This pilot study was conducted on 7 patients with 11 implants (4 females and 3 males; 32 to 61 years). In this technique, we used a titanium mesh, a combination of autogenous bone, allogenic graft material, and acellular dermal matrix to reconstruct the peri-implant defects. All implants were placed submerged, and the second-stage surgery was conducted after 8 months. Soft tissue augmentation and vestibuloplasty were performed in the second-stage surgery, if required. The mean function time of implants was 60.5 ± 29.4 months. The mean baseline probing pocket depth was 5.7 ± 1.4 mm, and soft tissue recession was observed at two sites (18%). The mean recession and keratinized tissue width (KTW) values were 0.4 ± 0.8 mm and 3 ± 1.6 mm, respectively. The mean marginal bone loss and bone gain were 4.4 ± 1.2 mm and 2.9 ± 0.9 mm, respectively, which showed a significant improvement. Our preliminary evaluations showed favorable results in terms of radiographic defect fill and soft tissue condition. It appears that this technique may lead to promising outcomes in cautiously selected patients seeking to retain their failing implants. However, long-term results following functional loading are required before recommending this technique for daily practice.
Archives of Oral Biology, 2021
OBJECTIVE To conduct a systematic review of the inflammatory elements in peri-implantitis (PI) an... more OBJECTIVE To conduct a systematic review of the inflammatory elements in peri-implantitis (PI) and peri-implant mucositis (PM) in comparison with healthy peri-implant tissues (HI) and periodontal disease. DESIGN The PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, and Scopus databases were searched up to December 2020. English articles that evaluated human soft tissue biopsies of PI or PM were included. Values reported for the surface area of the infiltrated connective tissue (ICT) were pooled using the random-effect model meta-analysis to estimate the mean (95% CI). RESULTS A total of 33 articles were included. Of 30 studies on PI, the majority evidenced significantly increased vascularization and inflammatory cell counts dominated by plasma cells in PI compared with HI. Studies that compared PI with chronic periodontitis primarily reported more severe inflammatory infiltrates in PI. This was confirmed by the meta-analysis results since the surface area of the ICT was significantly larger in PI (p < 0.001). Only seven studies analyzed the PM lesions and reported increased inflammatory infiltrates and vascularization in PM compared with HI. Based on the meta-analysis results, the surface area of the ICT was 3.00 [1.50, 4.51] mm 2 in PI and 0.23 [0.02, 0.44] mm 2 in PM lesions. Based on the available evidence, presence of foreign body particles considerably increased the inflammatory infiltrate; however, smoking did not have a significant effect. CONCLUSIONS There was controversy regarding the prevalence of various inflammatory cell types in peri-implant diseases; however, a considerably high ICT surface area in PI indicates the aggressive nature of the disease.
Molecular Biology Reports, 2021
Peri-implantitis (PI) is a multifactorial condition caused by the interactions of pathogens and t... more Peri-implantitis (PI) is a multifactorial condition caused by the interactions of pathogens and the host immune response. Previous studies have demonstrated a relationship between PI and specific gene polymorphisms, particularly cytokine genes involved in the pathogenesis of PI. This study aimed to evaluate the frequency of single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) of interleukin-10 (IL-10), interleukin 1ß (IL-1ß), and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) genes in PI patients and healthy controls. A total of 50 patients with PI and 89 periodontally healthy controls were recruited for this study. Venous blood samples (5 cc) were collected, and DNA was extracted. After DNA purification, the relevant gene segments were amplified by polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) and electrophoresis were performed to assess the polymorphisms of the related genes. The analysis revealed that allele and genotype frequencies of IL-10 ─ 819 C/T, IL-10 ─ 592 C/A, and IL-1ß + 3954 C/T significantly differed between PI patients and healthy controls. The analysis revealed no significant association between TNF-α ─ 857 G/A and TNF-α ─ 308 G/A polymorphisms and PI. Our results indicated that specific gene polymorphisms of IL-10 ─ 819 C/T, IL-10 ─ 592 C/A, and IL-1ß + 3954 C/T may play a role in the pathogenesis of PI, and increase its risk of occurrence.
Journal of Long-Term Effects of Medical Implants, 2019
OBJECTIVE Contemporary implantology is moving toward less invasive approaches. To date, several t... more OBJECTIVE Contemporary implantology is moving toward less invasive approaches. To date, several techniques have been proposed for maxillary sinus lift surgery. In this article, we introduce a new technique for maxillary sinus floor elevation that is less invasive than the osteotome technique. METHODS AND MATERIALS In the vertical expander screw (VES) technique, which uses a combination of drilling and bone-expander screws; a primary implant hole is created. Bone expander screws are used in lateral and vertical dimensions to elevate the sinus membrane. RESULTS The results at the two-year follow-up revealed bone formation around the implant body in the bony sinus cavity for three patients. Accordingly, 100% survival and success rates were reported for implants placed with VES technique. CONCLUSION The maxillary sinus floor can be elevated to the desired height with a VES technique with minimal invasion. The VES technique can be used as an alternative to elevate the sinus floor with less invasion than the osteotome technique.
Biotechnology and Applied Biochemistry, 2020
Xenograf bone substitutes are obtained from different species and prepared by various procedures ... more Xenograf bone substitutes are obtained from different species and prepared by various procedures including heat treatment, hydrazine, chemical and hydrothermal methods. These grafts are utilized widely because of similar structure and properties to human bone, proper bone formation and biocompatibility. The aim of this systematic review1 was to evaluate different xenografts from structural and chemical aspects. In-vitro English language studies which assessed xenografts' features met the inclusion criteria. Electronic search of four databases including PubMed, google scholar, Scopus and web of science and a hand search until September 2020 were performed. The irrelevant studies were the ones which focused on cell adhesion and effect of growth factors. Finally, 25 studies were included in the review. Nineteen studies used bovine xenografts and twelve studies applied heat treatment as their preparation method. Particles showed various morphologies and the largest size of them was observed at 5 mm. From eighteen studies mentioning the pore size, 1.3 μm and 1000 μm were the smallest and highest sizes, respectively. There is large heterogeneity of porosity, crystallinity, Ca/P ratio and osteogenesis based on the preparation method. Proper porosity and the connection between pores affect bone regeneration. Therefore, biomaterial selection and outcomes evaluation should be interpreted separately. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
Journal of Maxillofacial and Oral Surgery, 2020
The aim of this study was to evaluate the clinical and radiographic outcomes of the “vertically e... more The aim of this study was to evaluate the clinical and radiographic outcomes of the “vertically expander screw” (VES) technique as a novel approach for maxillary sinus floor elevation and simultaneous implant placement. Forty-four patients (26 females, 18 males) received 71 implants with simultaneous transalveolar sinus floor elevation via the VES technique. The threaded bone expanders were used to elevate the sinus floor as well as bone expansion. The patients were followed-up on a regular basis, and final clinical and radiographic examinations were performed at least 24 months following functional loading. Statistical analysis was conducted using the Chi-square test, the correlation coefficient, and the independent t test (p < 0.05, 95% confidence interval). All implants showed successful osseointegration. The mean marginal bone loss (MBL; 0.38 ± 0.75 mm) at the site of premolars was not significantly different from the value at the site of molars (0.17 ± 0.50 mm). The mean intrasinus bone gain (IBG) was not significantly different (3.47 ± 1.22 mm and 4.11 ± 1.67 mm, respectively; p = 0.92). Evaluation of implant success index (ISI) score revealed no difference between the premolars and molars (p = 0.12). Despite the limitations of the present study, it seems that the VES technique and simultaneous implant placement in carefully selected cases may result in promising outcomes. Insufficient alveolar bone height and poor bone quality often complicate implant placement in the edentulous posterior maxilla. The VES technique and simultaneous implant placement can bring about favorable clinical and radiographic outcomes and high survival rate in carefully selected cases.
Journal of Long-Term Effects of Medical Implants, 2021
This in vitro study aims to assess inward bacterial microleakage at the implant-healing abutment ... more This in vitro study aims to assess inward bacterial microleakage at the implant-healing abutment (IHA) interface in two different implant designs, namely platform switching (PS) and platform matching (PM). Five samples were collected from each of the PS and PM implant systems. In the first phase, healing abutments were tightened onto the implants by 10 Ncm torque. Next, IHA assemblies were immersed in an Escherichia coli (E. coli) suspension for 24 hours and 7 and 14 days. The healing abutments were then unscrewed, and samples were collected from the internal part of the implants and streak-cultured on culture media. After 1 day of incubation, the number of grown colonies was counted. In the second phase, the aforementioned steps were repeated for the assemblies that were torqued by 20 Ncm. Data were analyzed by the Kruskal-Wallis and Mann-Whitney tests (α = 0.05). The mean colony count was found to increase over time in the PM group torqued by 10 and 20 Ncm; however, this increase was only significant for 10 Ncm torque (P = 0.02). In the PS group, the colony count did not follow a certain pattern over time, neither in the 10 Ncm nor in the 20 Ncm torque. The mean colony count in the PS group was lower than that in the PM group at all time points in both torques. This difference was not significant at day 1, irrespective of torque value, but it was significant at 7 and 14 days, in both 10 and 20 Ncm torques (P < 0.05). Thus microleakage is lower in PS than PM design. The selection of a PM or PS design is a more important factor than the applied torque (10 or 20 Ncm) for reduction of bacterial microleakage in Tube-in-Tube implant systems with screw-retained connections.
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Papers by Mahdi Kadkhodazadeh