International Journal of Computer Applications, 2012
Edge detection of images is an important task in computer vision and image processing. Edge detec... more Edge detection of images is an important task in computer vision and image processing. Edge detection of noise free images is relatively simpler, but in most practical cases the images are degraded by noise. To find the edges from noisy images is a challenging task. This paper proposes a novel edge detection algorithm for images corrupted with noise. The algorithm finds the edges by eliminating the noise from the image so that the correct edges are determined. For making the image noise free the algorithm calculates closeness parameters, based on this parameter the noisy pixel is replaced by the most appropriate value. The edges of the noise free image are determined using morphological operators erosion and dilation. The proposed algorithm uses a combination of these operators to find the edges. This algorithm uses two different types of structuring elements so that all the edges of the image are determined efficiently.
The dynamics of robot manipulators are highly nonlinear with strong couplings existing between jo... more The dynamics of robot manipulators are highly nonlinear with strong couplings existing between joints and are frequently subjected to structured and unstructured uncertainties. Fuzzy Logic Controller can very well describe the desired system behavior with simple “if-then ” relations owing the designer to derive “if-then ” rules manually by trial and error. On the other hand, Neural Networks perform function approximation of a system but cannot interpret the solution obtained neither check if its solution is plausible. The two approaches are complementary. Combining them, Neural Networks will allow learning capability while Fuzzy-Logic will bring knowledge representation (Neuro-Fuzzy). This paper presents the control of six degrees of freedom robot arm (PUMA Robot) using Adaptive Neuro Fuzzy Inference System (ANFIS) based PD plus I controller. Numerical simulation using the dynamic model of six DOF robot arm shows the effectiveness of the approach in trajectory tracking problems. Com...
2018 5th IEEE Uttar Pradesh Section International Conference on Electrical, Electronics and Computer Engineering (UPCON), 2018
The enormous competition and the increasing number of user equipment (UE) in the telecommunicatio... more The enormous competition and the increasing number of user equipment (UE) in the telecommunications market has garnered attention towards the necessity of optimized and cost-efficient networks. Tracking the position of UEs while minimizing signalling cost is a key problem that needs to be solved for upcoming 5G networks. Tracking area (TA) is a term used for assemblage of cells (nodes) in long term evolution networks. Planned distribution of TAs, depending on the mobility pattern of UEs, is a technique used to optimize the signalling overhead, and plays a vital role in utilizing the resources efficiently. TAs must be reconfigured over the time intervals so as to adapt them to the variation in UE's pattern. Compared to earlier generations of cellular networks, 5G networks will have more flexible configuration of TAs as it will utilize the concept of tracking area list, given in 3GPP release 8. One of the objectives of 5G mobile network is to cope up with an ever-increasing number of UEs. This paper forms a basis for TA reconfiguration in 5G network using game theory, and finds an optimal solution for optimizing the signalling overhead of the network.
The Indian and Eurasian plate boundary movement has caused frequent Earthquakes in the northern, ... more The Indian and Eurasian plate boundary movement has caused frequent Earthquakes in the northern, north eastern and the northwestern parts of India. Peninsular India geographically located between latitude 10.0o N–28.0o N and longitude 68.0o E– 90.0o E is one of the oldest and once known to be the seismically most stable landmasses of the Indian plate. Noticeable earthquakes have occurred in relatively stable regions like Latur in Maharashtra, Bhuj in Gujarat and Jabalpur in Madhya Pradesh and some of them had caused large damages. The PSHA (Probabilistic Seismic Hazard Analysis) consists of the estimation of the annual exceedance rate of any ground-motion parameter above a certain specified level taking into consideration the uncertainties in the source characterization and Earthquake data. This paper presents an overview of the probabilistic seismic hazard studies carried out for different regions of peninsular India as reported in literature. Studies were carried out for the whole...
In various industrial systems, parameters variation is one of the major problems faced by control... more In various industrial systems, parameters variation is one of the major problems faced by control engineers now days. To overcome the problem of parameter variations, this paper proposes the hybridization of MIT rule based online tuning of classical PID controllers with Differential Evolution algorithm. The hybridization of two techniques results in the offline as well as online tuning of PID controllers at the same time. The developed hybrid controller is then applied on magnetic levitation system using MATLAB and Simulink. The paper also describes the basic steps involved in Differential Evolution (DE) algorithm and a comparison between designed hybrid controller and the simple DE algorithm based controller has been carried out. The results depict that the performance of the hybrid controller is better than the offline tuned PID controller in terms of transient parameters such as peak overshoot and settling time. Keywords–Differential evolution, hybridization, MIT rule, PID contro...
Peptide nucleic acids (PNAs) are potential antisense therapies for genetic, acquired, and viral d... more Peptide nucleic acids (PNAs) are potential antisense therapies for genetic, acquired, and viral diseases. Efficiently selecting candidate PNA sequences for synthesis and evaluation from a genome containing hundreds to thousands of options can be challenging. To facilitate this process, we leverage here machine learning (ML) algorithms and automated synthesis technology to predict PNA synthesis efficiency and guide rational PNA sequence design. The training data was collected from individual fluorenylmethyloxycarbonyl (Fmoc) deprotection reactions performed on a fully automated PNA synthesizer. Our optimized ML model allows for 93% prediction accuracy and 0.97 Pearson’s r. The predicted synthesis scores were validated to be correlated with the experimental HPLC crude purities (correlation coefficient R2 = 0.95). Furthermore, we demonstrated a general applicability of ML through designing synthetically accessible antisense PNA sequences from 102,315 predicted candidates targeting exon...
The β-coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 has caused a global pandemic. Affinity reagents targeting the SARS-C... more The β-coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 has caused a global pandemic. Affinity reagents targeting the SARS-CoV-2 spike protein, the most exposed surface structure of the virus, are of interest for the development of therapeutics and diagnostics. We used affinity selection-mass spectrometry for the rapid discovery of synthetic high affinity peptide binders for the receptor binding domain (RBD) of the SARS-CoV-2 spike protein. From library screening with 800 million synthetic peptides, we identified three sequences with nanomolar affinities (dissociation constants Kd = 80 to 970 nM) for RBD and selectivity over human serum proteins. Picomolar RBD concentrations in biological matrix could be detected using the biotinylated lead peptide in ELISA format. These peptides might associate with the SARS-CoV-2-spike-RBD at a site unrelated to ACE2 binding, making them potential orthogonal reagents for sandwich immunoassays. We envision our discovery as a robust starting point for the development of SARS-CoV-2 diagnostics or conjugates for virus directed delivery of therapeutics. .
ABSTRACTPassage of Plasmodium through a mosquito midgut is essential for malaria transmission. FR... more ABSTRACTPassage of Plasmodium through a mosquito midgut is essential for malaria transmission. FREP1, a peritrophic matrix protein in a mosquito midgut, binds to the parasite and mediates Plasmodium infection in Anopheles. The FREP1-mediated Plasmodium invasion pathway is highly conserved across multiple species of Plasmodium and Anopheles. Through pulldown, nine P. berghei proteins were co-precipitated with FREP1-conjugated beads. After cloning these nine genes from P. berghei and expressing them in insect cells, six of them were confirmed to interact with recombinant FREP1 protein. Among them, α-tubulin-1 and heat shock protein 70 (Hsp70) were highly conserved in Plasmodium species with >95% identity. Thus, P. falciparum α-tubulin-1 and Hsp70 were cloned and expressed in E. coli to stimulate antibody (Ab) in mice. Our results showed that anti-serum against P. falciparum α-tubulin-1 significantly inhibited P. falciparum transmission to An. gambiae, while Ab against P. falciparum...
The issue of spectrum scarcity can be alleviated by the cognitive radio technology with efficient... more The issue of spectrum scarcity can be alleviated by the cognitive radio technology with efficient spectrum sensing and allocation of free spectrum bands. In Cognitive Radio Networks energy efficiency improvement is the state of art now days. This paper considers the case of primary user protection from cognitive user transmission to optimize the energy efficiency. The parameters of optimal design problem are sensing, transmission time and transmission power. A Sub Optimal Iterative Search Algorithm is proposed to maximize efficiency by optimizing sensing time and transmitting time. Simulation results exhibits substantial improvement in energy efficiency compared to the recent algorithms.
Piezoelectric Nanogenerator (PENG) is one of the novel energy harvester systems that recently, ha... more Piezoelectric Nanogenerator (PENG) is one of the novel energy harvester systems that recently, has been a subject of interest for researchers. By the use of nanogenerators, it's possible to harvest different forms of energy in the environment like mechanical vibrations and generate electricity. The structure of a PENG consists of vertical arrays of nanowires between two electrodes. In this paper, dynamic analysis of a PENG is studied numerically. The modified couple stress theory which includes one length scale material parameter is used to study the size-dependent behavior of PENGs. Then, by application of a complete form of linear hybrid piezoelectric—pyroelectric equations, and using the Euler–Bernoulli beam model, the equations of motion has been derived. Generalized Differential Quadrature (GDQ) method was employed to solve the equations of motion. The effect of damping ratio, temperature rise, excitation frequency and length scale parameter was studied. It was found that the PENG voltage maximizes at the resonant frequency of nanowire. The temperature rise has a significant effect on PENG's efficiency. When temperature increases about the maximum voltage increases about 26%. Increasing the damping ratio, the maximum voltage decreases gradually.
2015 IEEE Power, Communication and Information Technology Conference (PCITC), 2015
The main focus of this paper is on stabilization of non-linear system using proposed Hybrid Neuro... more The main focus of this paper is on stabilization of non-linear system using proposed Hybrid Neuro-fuzzy Logic Controller based on Radial Basis Function Network (HNFRBFN). A control unit matrix has been introduced according to the non-linearity and uncertainty of the plant. The parameters used to obtain the individual control action in this matrix are optimized by Gradient Descent Algorithm. IF part of the fuzzy rules is approximated using Radial Basis Function (RBF) Network & THEN part of fuzzy rules are synthesized by the control action matrix which incorporates Error-correction algorithm. This error correction algorithm forms the basis of HNFRBFN. The simulation results obtained show that the suggested controller gives promising improvement and better performance.
2012 Third International Conference on Computing, Communication and Networking Technologies (ICCCNT'12), 2012
Firefly Algorithm, a population based algorithm has been found superior over other algorithms in ... more Firefly Algorithm, a population based algorithm has been found superior over other algorithms in solving optimization problems. In this paper we intend to formulate a new metaheuristic algorithm by placing the fireflies in an exponent atmosphere where the extinction coefficient varies with distance between the fireflies. Testing the algorithm on various Benchmark functions has proven its superiority.
International Journal of Knowledge-based and Intelligent Engineering Systems, 2009
Abstract. Light-weight flexible arms will most likely constitute the next generation robots due t... more Abstract. Light-weight flexible arms will most likely constitute the next generation robots due to their large payload carrying capacities at high speeds and less power demand. Control problem of robots with flexible members is more complex compared to rigid robots due to ...
International Journal of Computer Applications, 2012
Edge detection of images is an important task in computer vision and image processing. Edge detec... more Edge detection of images is an important task in computer vision and image processing. Edge detection of noise free images is relatively simpler, but in most practical cases the images are degraded by noise. To find the edges from noisy images is a challenging task. This paper proposes a novel edge detection algorithm for images corrupted with noise. The algorithm finds the edges by eliminating the noise from the image so that the correct edges are determined. For making the image noise free the algorithm calculates closeness parameters, based on this parameter the noisy pixel is replaced by the most appropriate value. The edges of the noise free image are determined using morphological operators erosion and dilation. The proposed algorithm uses a combination of these operators to find the edges. This algorithm uses two different types of structuring elements so that all the edges of the image are determined efficiently.
The dynamics of robot manipulators are highly nonlinear with strong couplings existing between jo... more The dynamics of robot manipulators are highly nonlinear with strong couplings existing between joints and are frequently subjected to structured and unstructured uncertainties. Fuzzy Logic Controller can very well describe the desired system behavior with simple “if-then ” relations owing the designer to derive “if-then ” rules manually by trial and error. On the other hand, Neural Networks perform function approximation of a system but cannot interpret the solution obtained neither check if its solution is plausible. The two approaches are complementary. Combining them, Neural Networks will allow learning capability while Fuzzy-Logic will bring knowledge representation (Neuro-Fuzzy). This paper presents the control of six degrees of freedom robot arm (PUMA Robot) using Adaptive Neuro Fuzzy Inference System (ANFIS) based PD plus I controller. Numerical simulation using the dynamic model of six DOF robot arm shows the effectiveness of the approach in trajectory tracking problems. Com...
2018 5th IEEE Uttar Pradesh Section International Conference on Electrical, Electronics and Computer Engineering (UPCON), 2018
The enormous competition and the increasing number of user equipment (UE) in the telecommunicatio... more The enormous competition and the increasing number of user equipment (UE) in the telecommunications market has garnered attention towards the necessity of optimized and cost-efficient networks. Tracking the position of UEs while minimizing signalling cost is a key problem that needs to be solved for upcoming 5G networks. Tracking area (TA) is a term used for assemblage of cells (nodes) in long term evolution networks. Planned distribution of TAs, depending on the mobility pattern of UEs, is a technique used to optimize the signalling overhead, and plays a vital role in utilizing the resources efficiently. TAs must be reconfigured over the time intervals so as to adapt them to the variation in UE's pattern. Compared to earlier generations of cellular networks, 5G networks will have more flexible configuration of TAs as it will utilize the concept of tracking area list, given in 3GPP release 8. One of the objectives of 5G mobile network is to cope up with an ever-increasing number of UEs. This paper forms a basis for TA reconfiguration in 5G network using game theory, and finds an optimal solution for optimizing the signalling overhead of the network.
The Indian and Eurasian plate boundary movement has caused frequent Earthquakes in the northern, ... more The Indian and Eurasian plate boundary movement has caused frequent Earthquakes in the northern, north eastern and the northwestern parts of India. Peninsular India geographically located between latitude 10.0o N–28.0o N and longitude 68.0o E– 90.0o E is one of the oldest and once known to be the seismically most stable landmasses of the Indian plate. Noticeable earthquakes have occurred in relatively stable regions like Latur in Maharashtra, Bhuj in Gujarat and Jabalpur in Madhya Pradesh and some of them had caused large damages. The PSHA (Probabilistic Seismic Hazard Analysis) consists of the estimation of the annual exceedance rate of any ground-motion parameter above a certain specified level taking into consideration the uncertainties in the source characterization and Earthquake data. This paper presents an overview of the probabilistic seismic hazard studies carried out for different regions of peninsular India as reported in literature. Studies were carried out for the whole...
In various industrial systems, parameters variation is one of the major problems faced by control... more In various industrial systems, parameters variation is one of the major problems faced by control engineers now days. To overcome the problem of parameter variations, this paper proposes the hybridization of MIT rule based online tuning of classical PID controllers with Differential Evolution algorithm. The hybridization of two techniques results in the offline as well as online tuning of PID controllers at the same time. The developed hybrid controller is then applied on magnetic levitation system using MATLAB and Simulink. The paper also describes the basic steps involved in Differential Evolution (DE) algorithm and a comparison between designed hybrid controller and the simple DE algorithm based controller has been carried out. The results depict that the performance of the hybrid controller is better than the offline tuned PID controller in terms of transient parameters such as peak overshoot and settling time. Keywords–Differential evolution, hybridization, MIT rule, PID contro...
Peptide nucleic acids (PNAs) are potential antisense therapies for genetic, acquired, and viral d... more Peptide nucleic acids (PNAs) are potential antisense therapies for genetic, acquired, and viral diseases. Efficiently selecting candidate PNA sequences for synthesis and evaluation from a genome containing hundreds to thousands of options can be challenging. To facilitate this process, we leverage here machine learning (ML) algorithms and automated synthesis technology to predict PNA synthesis efficiency and guide rational PNA sequence design. The training data was collected from individual fluorenylmethyloxycarbonyl (Fmoc) deprotection reactions performed on a fully automated PNA synthesizer. Our optimized ML model allows for 93% prediction accuracy and 0.97 Pearson’s r. The predicted synthesis scores were validated to be correlated with the experimental HPLC crude purities (correlation coefficient R2 = 0.95). Furthermore, we demonstrated a general applicability of ML through designing synthetically accessible antisense PNA sequences from 102,315 predicted candidates targeting exon...
The β-coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 has caused a global pandemic. Affinity reagents targeting the SARS-C... more The β-coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 has caused a global pandemic. Affinity reagents targeting the SARS-CoV-2 spike protein, the most exposed surface structure of the virus, are of interest for the development of therapeutics and diagnostics. We used affinity selection-mass spectrometry for the rapid discovery of synthetic high affinity peptide binders for the receptor binding domain (RBD) of the SARS-CoV-2 spike protein. From library screening with 800 million synthetic peptides, we identified three sequences with nanomolar affinities (dissociation constants Kd = 80 to 970 nM) for RBD and selectivity over human serum proteins. Picomolar RBD concentrations in biological matrix could be detected using the biotinylated lead peptide in ELISA format. These peptides might associate with the SARS-CoV-2-spike-RBD at a site unrelated to ACE2 binding, making them potential orthogonal reagents for sandwich immunoassays. We envision our discovery as a robust starting point for the development of SARS-CoV-2 diagnostics or conjugates for virus directed delivery of therapeutics. .
ABSTRACTPassage of Plasmodium through a mosquito midgut is essential for malaria transmission. FR... more ABSTRACTPassage of Plasmodium through a mosquito midgut is essential for malaria transmission. FREP1, a peritrophic matrix protein in a mosquito midgut, binds to the parasite and mediates Plasmodium infection in Anopheles. The FREP1-mediated Plasmodium invasion pathway is highly conserved across multiple species of Plasmodium and Anopheles. Through pulldown, nine P. berghei proteins were co-precipitated with FREP1-conjugated beads. After cloning these nine genes from P. berghei and expressing them in insect cells, six of them were confirmed to interact with recombinant FREP1 protein. Among them, α-tubulin-1 and heat shock protein 70 (Hsp70) were highly conserved in Plasmodium species with >95% identity. Thus, P. falciparum α-tubulin-1 and Hsp70 were cloned and expressed in E. coli to stimulate antibody (Ab) in mice. Our results showed that anti-serum against P. falciparum α-tubulin-1 significantly inhibited P. falciparum transmission to An. gambiae, while Ab against P. falciparum...
The issue of spectrum scarcity can be alleviated by the cognitive radio technology with efficient... more The issue of spectrum scarcity can be alleviated by the cognitive radio technology with efficient spectrum sensing and allocation of free spectrum bands. In Cognitive Radio Networks energy efficiency improvement is the state of art now days. This paper considers the case of primary user protection from cognitive user transmission to optimize the energy efficiency. The parameters of optimal design problem are sensing, transmission time and transmission power. A Sub Optimal Iterative Search Algorithm is proposed to maximize efficiency by optimizing sensing time and transmitting time. Simulation results exhibits substantial improvement in energy efficiency compared to the recent algorithms.
Piezoelectric Nanogenerator (PENG) is one of the novel energy harvester systems that recently, ha... more Piezoelectric Nanogenerator (PENG) is one of the novel energy harvester systems that recently, has been a subject of interest for researchers. By the use of nanogenerators, it's possible to harvest different forms of energy in the environment like mechanical vibrations and generate electricity. The structure of a PENG consists of vertical arrays of nanowires between two electrodes. In this paper, dynamic analysis of a PENG is studied numerically. The modified couple stress theory which includes one length scale material parameter is used to study the size-dependent behavior of PENGs. Then, by application of a complete form of linear hybrid piezoelectric—pyroelectric equations, and using the Euler–Bernoulli beam model, the equations of motion has been derived. Generalized Differential Quadrature (GDQ) method was employed to solve the equations of motion. The effect of damping ratio, temperature rise, excitation frequency and length scale parameter was studied. It was found that the PENG voltage maximizes at the resonant frequency of nanowire. The temperature rise has a significant effect on PENG's efficiency. When temperature increases about the maximum voltage increases about 26%. Increasing the damping ratio, the maximum voltage decreases gradually.
2015 IEEE Power, Communication and Information Technology Conference (PCITC), 2015
The main focus of this paper is on stabilization of non-linear system using proposed Hybrid Neuro... more The main focus of this paper is on stabilization of non-linear system using proposed Hybrid Neuro-fuzzy Logic Controller based on Radial Basis Function Network (HNFRBFN). A control unit matrix has been introduced according to the non-linearity and uncertainty of the plant. The parameters used to obtain the individual control action in this matrix are optimized by Gradient Descent Algorithm. IF part of the fuzzy rules is approximated using Radial Basis Function (RBF) Network & THEN part of fuzzy rules are synthesized by the control action matrix which incorporates Error-correction algorithm. This error correction algorithm forms the basis of HNFRBFN. The simulation results obtained show that the suggested controller gives promising improvement and better performance.
2012 Third International Conference on Computing, Communication and Networking Technologies (ICCCNT'12), 2012
Firefly Algorithm, a population based algorithm has been found superior over other algorithms in ... more Firefly Algorithm, a population based algorithm has been found superior over other algorithms in solving optimization problems. In this paper we intend to formulate a new metaheuristic algorithm by placing the fireflies in an exponent atmosphere where the extinction coefficient varies with distance between the fireflies. Testing the algorithm on various Benchmark functions has proven its superiority.
International Journal of Knowledge-based and Intelligent Engineering Systems, 2009
Abstract. Light-weight flexible arms will most likely constitute the next generation robots due t... more Abstract. Light-weight flexible arms will most likely constitute the next generation robots due to their large payload carrying capacities at high speeds and less power demand. Control problem of robots with flexible members is more complex compared to rigid robots due to ...
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