Conclusion: Gastric distention-induced visceral sensitivity is mediated via the vagal pathway at ... more Conclusion: Gastric distention-induced visceral sensitivity is mediated via the vagal pathway at low distention pressures but via both vagal and sympathetic pathways at high distention pressures. GES with long but not short pulses reduces distention-induced visceral sensitivity.
Gastric varices are the probable source of bleeding in 10-36% of patients, with acute variceal bl... more Gastric varices are the probable source of bleeding in 10-36% of patients, with acute variceal bleeding and carry high mortality and rebleeding rates. Till date, cyanoacrylate glue injection is considered as the standard of care but has high complication rate. Endoscopic ultrasound (EUS) guided coil placement is a new emerging technique of management of gastric varices. In this case report, we detail the EUS guided coil placement for management of gastric varices after failed glue injections.
Indian journal of gastroenterology : official journal of the Indian Society of Gastroenterology, 1998
We report a patient with pedunculated esophageal leiomyoma which was 20 cm in length. Barium swal... more We report a patient with pedunculated esophageal leiomyoma which was 20 cm in length. Barium swallow had shown a grossly dilated esophagus with filling defect along its whole length, giving an appearance suggesting achalasia and retained food. The patient is doing well after transhiatal esophagectomy.
Eosinophilic esophagitis (EoE) is a clinico-pathological entity characterised by symptoms of esop... more Eosinophilic esophagitis (EoE) is a clinico-pathological entity characterised by symptoms of esophageal dysfunction and eosinophilia on esophageal mucosal biopsies in the absence of other causes of esophageal eosinophilia. It is a chronic inflammatory condition of esophagus often characterized by refractory reflux symptoms in children and dysphagia in adults. It occurs as a result of Th2 inflammatory response to environmental triggers (food antigens) in genetically predisposed individuals. The diagnostic criteria include symptoms of esophageal dysfunction, esophageal eosinophilia (> 15/hpf), and a PPI trial (persistent eosinophilia after 8 weeks of PPI). Mainstay of treatment at present is topical steroids and dietary therapy. Maintenance treatment should be considered to prevent long term complications.
The clinical and radiological findings in four patients with primary sclerosing cholangitis one o... more The clinical and radiological findings in four patients with primary sclerosing cholangitis one of whom had coexistent cholangiocarcinoma, are reported. The need for surgical exploration to make the diagnosis was averted by the use of endoscopic retrograde cholangiography in one patient who was managed initially with medical treatment alone. Endoscopic cholangiography may be used to monitor the progress of the sclerosing lesions; but failure to fill the intrahepatic ducts is associated with a poor prognosis due either to the severity of the sclerosing process or the presence of coexistent cholangiocarcinoma.
Indian journal of gastroenterology : official journal of the Indian Society of Gastroenterology, 1996
To study the frequency and significance of pancreas divisum. Retrospective analysis of all pancre... more To study the frequency and significance of pancreas divisum. Retrospective analysis of all pancreatograms carried out between July 1989 and June 1994. The 809 pancreatograms performed included 207 in patients with pancreatitis (acute 74, chronic 133), 330 with biliary disease, 238 with obscure abdominal pain and 34 with pancreatic malignancy. Of these, 30 patients (3.7%) were diagnosed to have pancreas divisum - 26 had type I variant, one had type II variant and three had type III variant. Accessory papillary cannulation was attempted in 10 patients; 8 were successful, with dorsal ductography confirming pancreas divisum in all of them. Two of these 8 patients had changes of chronic pancreatitis in the dorsal duct. The frequency of pancreas divisum in patients with pancreatitis (19 of 207, 9.2%) was significantly higher than in patients with biliary diseases and those with obscure abdominal pain (11 of 568, 1.9%; p < 0.001). Pancreas divisum is not an uncommon condition in India a...
The Journal of the Association of Physicians of India, 1990
A randomized controlled trial was carried out to compare the efficacy of conventional 400 mg twic... more A randomized controlled trial was carried out to compare the efficacy of conventional 400 mg twice daily dose of cimetidine with single bedtime 800 mg dose, in 40 patients with endoscopically proven duodenal ulcer. At repeat endoscopy after four weeks of therapy, complete ulcer healing was achieved in 78% of patients on twice daily dosage and 79% of patients on single daily dosage. A more convenient single nocturnal dosage of cimetidine is as effective in the treatment of duodenal ulcer as a twice daily dosage in the Indian population.
Indian journal of gastroenterology : official journal of the Indian Society of Gastroenterology, 1997
To analyze retrospectively the disease spectrum and outcome of primary gastrointestinal lymphoma ... more To analyze retrospectively the disease spectrum and outcome of primary gastrointestinal lymphoma (PGIL) in a tertiary referral center in north India. Seventy five patients presenting with PGIL between January 1971 and December 1985 were evaluated. The 49 males and 26 females were aged 3.5-69 years (mean 34) at presentation. Abdominal pain, weight loss and vomiting were cardinal symptoms at presentation; the stomach was the most common site of involvement. Histologically, a majority of patients were classified as having diffuse poorly-differentiated lymphocytic lymphoma (46.7%) and diffuse histiocytic type (30.7%). Twenty seven (36%) patients had stage I disease, 31 (40%) stage II, 11 (14.7%) stage III, and 6 (8%) stage IV. At laparotomy, primary resection and anastomosis was carried out in 66 patients, while only biopsies were taken in nine. Forty eight patients received adjuvant radiation with or without chemotherapy. The mean follow-up was 3.9 years (range 1-14). The 5-year actuar...
The incidence of lactose intolerance in 60 patients with idiopathic ulcerative colitis (IUC) from... more The incidence of lactose intolerance in 60 patients with idiopathic ulcerative colitis (IUC) from northern India and the effect of disease activity and extent of colonic involvement on the occurrence of lactose intolerance, was studied. Twenty controls matched for age and sex were also studied using 50 g lactose hydrogen breath test. The incidence of lactose intolerance in patients with IUC (41.7%) was no different from that in the control group (40%). There was however, a significant difference (P < 0.05) in the incidence of lactose intolerance in patients with active colitis (59.1%) as compared to those with quiescent disease (31.5%).
Indian journal of gastroenterology : official journal of the Indian Society of Gastroenterology, 1993
The spectrum of lesions causing lower gastrointestinal hemorrhage shows marked geographic variati... more The spectrum of lesions causing lower gastrointestinal hemorrhage shows marked geographic variation. The study was aimed to determine this spectrum in our region using endoscopic examination. 166 patients presenting with lower gastrointestinal hemorrhage were investigated using colonoscopy as the first investigation. Lesions responsible for bleeding could be identified in 141 patients (84.9%). In 25 patients (15.1%), the etiology of bleed could not be determined either because of failure to identify a lesion (10 patients) or because of an incomplete examination (15 patients). Major causes of lower gastrointestinal bleeding included idiopathic ulcerative colitis (19.3%), acute colitis (12.0%), colonic polyps (10.2%), radiation colitis (9.0%), solitary rectal ulcer (7.8%), colonic carcinoma (7.2%), colonic tuberculosis (4.2%) and enteric fever (3.0%). Endoscopic examination is very useful in evaluating patients with lower gastrointestinal hemorrhage. The predominant causes of lower ga...
Indian journal of gastroenterology : official journal of the Indian Society of Gastroenterology, 1994
The prevalence of colonic diverticulosis has a wide geographic and ethnic variation and has been ... more The prevalence of colonic diverticulosis has a wide geographic and ethnic variation and has been considered to be quite low in India. This study was aimed at determining the prevalence of colonic diverticulosis in northern India based on barium enema examination in symptomatic patients. All barium enema examinations performed between January 1985 and December 1991 were reviewed for the presence of colonic diverticulosis. Clinical data of such patients were retrieved. 51 (3.2%) of 1610 barium enema studies showed colonic diverticulosis. The frequency of diverticulosis in barium studies increased from 0.3% among subjects in the third decade to 32.4% in patients above 60 years. Most patients were city dwellers, vegetarians and belonged to the upper socio-economic stratum. Twenty patients (39.2%) presented with a complication; the spectrum of such patients was no different from that reported from the West. While the sigmoid colon was the commonest site of diverticuli, there was a relati...
Indian journal of gastroenterology : official journal of the Indian Society of Gastroenterology, 1994
To evaluate the relationship between Candida and peptic ulcer. One hundred consecutive patients w... more To evaluate the relationship between Candida and peptic ulcer. One hundred consecutive patients with untreated peptic ulcer (81 with duodenal ulcer and 19 with gastric ulcer) were studied using histopathology, culture and fungal serology. Twenty subjects with non-ulcer dyspepsia were taken as controls. Forty seven patients (47%) with peptic ulcer were colonized by Candida as compared to 3 patients (15%) with non ulcer dyspepsia (p < 0.05). Confluent growth of Candida on culture of gastric aspirate or biopsy from ulcer edge was a more sensitive method for diagnosis of peptic ulcer-associated candidiasis than histological examination. There was no significant difference in the prevalence of Candida isolation in relation to age or sex of the patients, smoking habit and alcoholism. Large ulcers (> 2 cm) were, however, more often colonized by Candida (75%) than smaller ones (43%) (p < 0.05). Candida albicans was the commonest species isolated (60%). Invasive candidiasis was asso...
Conclusion: Gastric distention-induced visceral sensitivity is mediated via the vagal pathway at ... more Conclusion: Gastric distention-induced visceral sensitivity is mediated via the vagal pathway at low distention pressures but via both vagal and sympathetic pathways at high distention pressures. GES with long but not short pulses reduces distention-induced visceral sensitivity.
Gastric varices are the probable source of bleeding in 10-36% of patients, with acute variceal bl... more Gastric varices are the probable source of bleeding in 10-36% of patients, with acute variceal bleeding and carry high mortality and rebleeding rates. Till date, cyanoacrylate glue injection is considered as the standard of care but has high complication rate. Endoscopic ultrasound (EUS) guided coil placement is a new emerging technique of management of gastric varices. In this case report, we detail the EUS guided coil placement for management of gastric varices after failed glue injections.
Indian journal of gastroenterology : official journal of the Indian Society of Gastroenterology, 1998
We report a patient with pedunculated esophageal leiomyoma which was 20 cm in length. Barium swal... more We report a patient with pedunculated esophageal leiomyoma which was 20 cm in length. Barium swallow had shown a grossly dilated esophagus with filling defect along its whole length, giving an appearance suggesting achalasia and retained food. The patient is doing well after transhiatal esophagectomy.
Eosinophilic esophagitis (EoE) is a clinico-pathological entity characterised by symptoms of esop... more Eosinophilic esophagitis (EoE) is a clinico-pathological entity characterised by symptoms of esophageal dysfunction and eosinophilia on esophageal mucosal biopsies in the absence of other causes of esophageal eosinophilia. It is a chronic inflammatory condition of esophagus often characterized by refractory reflux symptoms in children and dysphagia in adults. It occurs as a result of Th2 inflammatory response to environmental triggers (food antigens) in genetically predisposed individuals. The diagnostic criteria include symptoms of esophageal dysfunction, esophageal eosinophilia (> 15/hpf), and a PPI trial (persistent eosinophilia after 8 weeks of PPI). Mainstay of treatment at present is topical steroids and dietary therapy. Maintenance treatment should be considered to prevent long term complications.
The clinical and radiological findings in four patients with primary sclerosing cholangitis one o... more The clinical and radiological findings in four patients with primary sclerosing cholangitis one of whom had coexistent cholangiocarcinoma, are reported. The need for surgical exploration to make the diagnosis was averted by the use of endoscopic retrograde cholangiography in one patient who was managed initially with medical treatment alone. Endoscopic cholangiography may be used to monitor the progress of the sclerosing lesions; but failure to fill the intrahepatic ducts is associated with a poor prognosis due either to the severity of the sclerosing process or the presence of coexistent cholangiocarcinoma.
Indian journal of gastroenterology : official journal of the Indian Society of Gastroenterology, 1996
To study the frequency and significance of pancreas divisum. Retrospective analysis of all pancre... more To study the frequency and significance of pancreas divisum. Retrospective analysis of all pancreatograms carried out between July 1989 and June 1994. The 809 pancreatograms performed included 207 in patients with pancreatitis (acute 74, chronic 133), 330 with biliary disease, 238 with obscure abdominal pain and 34 with pancreatic malignancy. Of these, 30 patients (3.7%) were diagnosed to have pancreas divisum - 26 had type I variant, one had type II variant and three had type III variant. Accessory papillary cannulation was attempted in 10 patients; 8 were successful, with dorsal ductography confirming pancreas divisum in all of them. Two of these 8 patients had changes of chronic pancreatitis in the dorsal duct. The frequency of pancreas divisum in patients with pancreatitis (19 of 207, 9.2%) was significantly higher than in patients with biliary diseases and those with obscure abdominal pain (11 of 568, 1.9%; p < 0.001). Pancreas divisum is not an uncommon condition in India a...
The Journal of the Association of Physicians of India, 1990
A randomized controlled trial was carried out to compare the efficacy of conventional 400 mg twic... more A randomized controlled trial was carried out to compare the efficacy of conventional 400 mg twice daily dose of cimetidine with single bedtime 800 mg dose, in 40 patients with endoscopically proven duodenal ulcer. At repeat endoscopy after four weeks of therapy, complete ulcer healing was achieved in 78% of patients on twice daily dosage and 79% of patients on single daily dosage. A more convenient single nocturnal dosage of cimetidine is as effective in the treatment of duodenal ulcer as a twice daily dosage in the Indian population.
Indian journal of gastroenterology : official journal of the Indian Society of Gastroenterology, 1997
To analyze retrospectively the disease spectrum and outcome of primary gastrointestinal lymphoma ... more To analyze retrospectively the disease spectrum and outcome of primary gastrointestinal lymphoma (PGIL) in a tertiary referral center in north India. Seventy five patients presenting with PGIL between January 1971 and December 1985 were evaluated. The 49 males and 26 females were aged 3.5-69 years (mean 34) at presentation. Abdominal pain, weight loss and vomiting were cardinal symptoms at presentation; the stomach was the most common site of involvement. Histologically, a majority of patients were classified as having diffuse poorly-differentiated lymphocytic lymphoma (46.7%) and diffuse histiocytic type (30.7%). Twenty seven (36%) patients had stage I disease, 31 (40%) stage II, 11 (14.7%) stage III, and 6 (8%) stage IV. At laparotomy, primary resection and anastomosis was carried out in 66 patients, while only biopsies were taken in nine. Forty eight patients received adjuvant radiation with or without chemotherapy. The mean follow-up was 3.9 years (range 1-14). The 5-year actuar...
The incidence of lactose intolerance in 60 patients with idiopathic ulcerative colitis (IUC) from... more The incidence of lactose intolerance in 60 patients with idiopathic ulcerative colitis (IUC) from northern India and the effect of disease activity and extent of colonic involvement on the occurrence of lactose intolerance, was studied. Twenty controls matched for age and sex were also studied using 50 g lactose hydrogen breath test. The incidence of lactose intolerance in patients with IUC (41.7%) was no different from that in the control group (40%). There was however, a significant difference (P < 0.05) in the incidence of lactose intolerance in patients with active colitis (59.1%) as compared to those with quiescent disease (31.5%).
Indian journal of gastroenterology : official journal of the Indian Society of Gastroenterology, 1993
The spectrum of lesions causing lower gastrointestinal hemorrhage shows marked geographic variati... more The spectrum of lesions causing lower gastrointestinal hemorrhage shows marked geographic variation. The study was aimed to determine this spectrum in our region using endoscopic examination. 166 patients presenting with lower gastrointestinal hemorrhage were investigated using colonoscopy as the first investigation. Lesions responsible for bleeding could be identified in 141 patients (84.9%). In 25 patients (15.1%), the etiology of bleed could not be determined either because of failure to identify a lesion (10 patients) or because of an incomplete examination (15 patients). Major causes of lower gastrointestinal bleeding included idiopathic ulcerative colitis (19.3%), acute colitis (12.0%), colonic polyps (10.2%), radiation colitis (9.0%), solitary rectal ulcer (7.8%), colonic carcinoma (7.2%), colonic tuberculosis (4.2%) and enteric fever (3.0%). Endoscopic examination is very useful in evaluating patients with lower gastrointestinal hemorrhage. The predominant causes of lower ga...
Indian journal of gastroenterology : official journal of the Indian Society of Gastroenterology, 1994
The prevalence of colonic diverticulosis has a wide geographic and ethnic variation and has been ... more The prevalence of colonic diverticulosis has a wide geographic and ethnic variation and has been considered to be quite low in India. This study was aimed at determining the prevalence of colonic diverticulosis in northern India based on barium enema examination in symptomatic patients. All barium enema examinations performed between January 1985 and December 1991 were reviewed for the presence of colonic diverticulosis. Clinical data of such patients were retrieved. 51 (3.2%) of 1610 barium enema studies showed colonic diverticulosis. The frequency of diverticulosis in barium studies increased from 0.3% among subjects in the third decade to 32.4% in patients above 60 years. Most patients were city dwellers, vegetarians and belonged to the upper socio-economic stratum. Twenty patients (39.2%) presented with a complication; the spectrum of such patients was no different from that reported from the West. While the sigmoid colon was the commonest site of diverticuli, there was a relati...
Indian journal of gastroenterology : official journal of the Indian Society of Gastroenterology, 1994
To evaluate the relationship between Candida and peptic ulcer. One hundred consecutive patients w... more To evaluate the relationship between Candida and peptic ulcer. One hundred consecutive patients with untreated peptic ulcer (81 with duodenal ulcer and 19 with gastric ulcer) were studied using histopathology, culture and fungal serology. Twenty subjects with non-ulcer dyspepsia were taken as controls. Forty seven patients (47%) with peptic ulcer were colonized by Candida as compared to 3 patients (15%) with non ulcer dyspepsia (p < 0.05). Confluent growth of Candida on culture of gastric aspirate or biopsy from ulcer edge was a more sensitive method for diagnosis of peptic ulcer-associated candidiasis than histological examination. There was no significant difference in the prevalence of Candida isolation in relation to age or sex of the patients, smoking habit and alcoholism. Large ulcers (> 2 cm) were, however, more often colonized by Candida (75%) than smaller ones (43%) (p < 0.05). Candida albicans was the commonest species isolated (60%). Invasive candidiasis was asso...
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