Papers by Lawrence Gettleman
PubMed, Mar 1, 2022
Objectives: To analyze the effects of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), need for dental care, pers... more Objectives: To analyze the effects of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), need for dental care, personal health practices and use of services on oral health-related quality of life (OHRQoL) in US adults. Basic research design: The sample included 2,945 participants (aged ≥ 20) selected from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 2003-2004 stratified probability sample that represented 124,525,899 individuals in the weighted sample. Two-stage structural equation modelling (SEM) assessed interrelationships between T2DM regressions on factors associated with OHRQoL in a simplified three-factor Andersen Behavioral Model (ABM). Results: SEM supported the hypotheses that T2DM directly predicted need (perceived need, evaluated need, general health condition) with a significant path coefficient of 0.49 (β=0.49, p⟨0.05). Need had direct (77%) and indirect (23%) effects on OHRQoL (βdirect=0.30, βindirect=0.09, p⟨ 0.001). Need predicted personal health practices including use of services (reason for dental visit, frequency of dental visits, smoking status) (β=0.46, p⟨0.001). Need, in turn, predicted OHRQoL (β=0.19, p⟨0.001). In the model, 23.8%, 59.7%, and 18.1% of the variance was explained by need, personal health practices including use of services, and OHRQoL, respectively. Conclusions: The results confirmed T2DM predicted need, which in sequence had direct and indirect effects on OHRQoL.
Journal of Dental Research, Mar 1, 1969
An improved tensile specimen has been developed for dental casting gold alloys. This design appro... more An improved tensile specimen has been developed for dental casting gold alloys. This design approximates the size of most dental castings, is easily produced, conforms with current engineering specifications, and can be used in the as-cast condition. Conducted tests showed that the specimens yield reliable mechanical values which should permit better correlation between materials-testing procedures and applied research efforts. Tests for tensile properties of dental casting gold alloys as described in American Dental Association Specification No. 5' are an outgrowth of ASTM Designation: E8-27T, Tentative Methods of Tension Testing of Metallic Materials. These methods were originally adopted by the American Dental Trade Association in 1929,2 by the ADA in 193 1,3 and have been continued in principle to the present. Current tensile specimens are uniform rods of 2.0 to 2.5 mm in diameter and 5 cm in gauge length, with overall length stipulated at 9 cm. Since the time the specification was adopted, several limitations in the specimen's geometry, production, and testing methods have been noted.4-The rods are difficult to cast without flaws; require modifications in dental casting equipment; do not reflect the size of most dental castings for which the alloys are generally used; and their diameter:gauge length ratio does not conform with current ASTM practices.9 A cast specimen of improved design could be developed which Based on a thesis presented to the graduate school, Saint Louis University, in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the MSD degree. This investigation was supported by USPHS Training Grant 5-Tl-DE-86, from the National Institute of Dental Research, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Md.
Journal of Biomedical Materials Research, Jul 1, 1975
The use of polyl (methyl methacrylate) for tooth replica implants, as developed by Hodosh, is des... more The use of polyl (methyl methacrylate) for tooth replica implants, as developed by Hodosh, is described as to indications, ingredients, and fabrication technique. Laboratory testing of this material for mechanical and thermal expansion properties, and porosity content were determined as a function of foaming agent and anorganic bone particle content.
Journal of Craniofacial Surgery, May 1, 2014
In this study, dynamic mechanical thermal analysis was used to evaluate the changes that occurred... more In this study, dynamic mechanical thermal analysis was used to evaluate the changes that occurred in maxillofacial elastomers subjected to different disinfecting regimens. A commercial polydimethyl siloxane (PDMS) and an experimental chlorinated polyethylene (CPE) were treated with different disinfection procedures for a period that simulates 1 year of clinical service: microwave exposure (D1), hypochlorite solution (D2), neutral soap (D3), and a commercial disinfecting solution (D4). A fifth group was kept in dark storage as control. Dynamic mechanical thermal analysis tests operated in a fixed frequency (1 Hz) over a range of temperatures (-130°C to 20°C for PDMS, -60°C to 120°C for CPE). Loss modulus (G″), storage modulus (G'), and loss factor (tanδ) were recorded as a function of temperature. The obtained glass transition temperature (Tg) values were subjected to statistical analysis. Dynamic mechanical thermal analysis revealed changes in Tg values for both materials, which reflect the possible changes in their chemical and physical structure, after different disinfection procedures. The PDMS and CPE samples seem to have less dense structure maybe because of chain scission reaction that probably occurred during the disinfection procedures. According to statistical analysis, Tg values presented significant changes from the control samples among the different materials and disinfecting procedures. Microwave exposure and hypochlorite solution affect CPE significantly, whereas PDMS exhibited significant changes after being treated with a commercial antimicrobial agent, concerning changes that occurred in Tg. In all cases, Tg values were decreased compared with the untreated samples, which were stiffer, presenting higher Tg and G' values.
Journal of Biomedical Materials Research, 1978
Poly(methy1 methacrylate) as used in polymer replica tooth implants was fabricated into 6 X 6 mm ... more Poly(methy1 methacrylate) as used in polymer replica tooth implants was fabricated into 6 X 6 mm cylindrical specimens and cured in either an air oven, pressure pot, autoclave, or microwave oven. Polymer porosity was achieved by means of either 1) intrinsic foaming agents, or 2) compacting different sizes of large beads with a minimum of monomer, with dense PMMA used as a control. Specimens were then implanted in the long bones of baboons. Histology of thin-sectioned and ground specimens from the sacrificed animals revealed complete tissue ingrowth into implanted material made of medium and large PMMA beads, very superficial ingrowth into material containing foaming agents and anorganic bone chips, and no ingrowth into dense PMMA implants. The effect on histologic response of the different curing methods could not be distinguished. None of the implants were rejected or caused chronic inflammation.
Journal of Forensic Sciences, 1981
A foreign object, presumably swallowed during a dental appointment, was recovered by using an eso... more A foreign object, presumably swallowed during a dental appointment, was recovered by using an esophagoscope and thought to be a piece of dental impression material, probably alginate. It was identified as being of nondental origin by means of visible light and scanning electron microscopy (SEM), the latter coupled to an energy dispersive X-ray analyzer. Histologic examination revealed some amorphous crystalline material surrounded by parakeratin and exfoliated squamous cells. The material was essentially radiolucent. A known dental alginate impression material contained diatomaceous earth filler (siliceous shells of diatoms), but no microscopic symmetrical figures were seen in the foreign body. After dehydration, both materials were carbon-coated and observed in an SEM at 20 kV at magnifications up to 2000 X. The spectrum of secondary X-rays produced by the scanning electron beam revealed only magnesium in the foreign body and mostly silicon in the dental alginate. There are no known dental products that contain magnesium as the only inorganic ingredient and so the foreign body is believed to be not of dental origin. The patient may have had an antacid or laxative having magnesium as a major ingredient in the stomach, and this may have been refluxed from the stomach after stimulation of the normal gag reflex during the dental procedure.
Biomaterials, medical devices, and artificial organs, 1979
The linear polarization technique has been used to measure polarization resistances and corrosion... more The linear polarization technique has been used to measure polarization resistances and corrosion currents directly in the mouths of baboons and in vitro for a wide range of dental and implant alloys. Good correlations were found to exist between these two conditions, indicating that this test is accurate and valid as well as being simple to perform. Intraoral corrosion proceeded faster, probably due to abrasion by foodstuffs. Tarnish has also been measured using an intraoral tristimulus colorimeter and results were compared with the corrosion determinations. The tarnish of pure metals (Au, Ag, and Cu) was inversely proportional to corrosion. Gold alloys tarnished little but varied in corrosion current. Dental amalgams corroded the most but the tarnish experience depended more on their chemistry than their precious metal composition.
Journal of Prosthetic Dentistry, Oct 1, 1973
Journal of the American Dental Association, May 1, 1984
Reluctance about the identification marking of dentures has been the result of high costs and tec... more Reluctance about the identification marking of dentures has been the result of high costs and technical marking problems. The ID band system described here is inexpensive, fast, and requires no expensive special equipment. Embedding the band in a suitable part of the denture provides fully legible, radiopaque, lasting evidence of the denture wearer's identity. Since 1981, all dentures made in Sweden have been legally required to be marked.
International Journal of Oral Science, Sep 1, 2009
Aim It is our opinion that the CDC and the WHO have underestimated cross-contamination under exam... more Aim It is our opinion that the CDC and the WHO have underestimated cross-contamination under examination gloves in dental clinics while wearing jewelry, such as finger rings. These agencies only "recommend" removing jewelry, and only washing hands for 15 seconds with soap and warm water before donning gloves. This study Keywords dental exam gloves, finger ring jewelry, crosscontamination, hand hygiene, microbes, fluorescent powder, dental health care workers Document code: A CLC number: R472.1
Journal of Dental Research, Mar 1, 1972
Spectral reflectance was determined as a function of incremental thickness of opaque porcelain ap... more Spectral reflectance was determined as a function of incremental thickness of opaque porcelain applied to precious metal alloy surfaces treated in three ways. Sandblasted and fine-ground surfaces required comparable thicknesses of porcelain to achieve the same degree of opacity at selected wavelengths, whereas specimens conditioned with a gold flashing agent required 40 to 60% less opaque porcelain to achieve the same result. A logarithmic model for predicting reflectance as a function of porcelain thickness was applicable for gold-flashed surfaces at wavelengths greater than 550 nm.
Journal of the American Dental Association, Oct 1, 1977
Journal of Dental Research, Mar 1, 1972
Simulated amalgam restorations were tested destructively by means of oscillating shot impact, whi... more Simulated amalgam restorations were tested destructively by means of oscillating shot impact, which produced fracture of the margins over time. Breakdown was related to the amalgam's composition and structure, it occurred on an all or none basis, and it was measurable subjectively. The test will be used to correlate laboratory and clinical evaluations of restorative materials.
Phosphorus Sulfur and Silicon and The Related Elements, 1999
... Published by license under the Photocopying permitted by license only Gordon and Breach Scien... more ... Published by license under the Photocopying permitted by license only Gordon and Breach Science Publishers imprint. Printed in Malaysia ... References [1] PD May, CL Farris, L. Gettleman, FF Holland and I. Cabasso, J Dent Res 60:437, No. 507,(1981). ...
ABSTRACT Conventional and high-copper dental amalgams were tested using AC impedance methods. Ini... more ABSTRACT Conventional and high-copper dental amalgams were tested using AC impedance methods. Initially in 0.1% NaCl, both alloys corroded the same when crevice corrosion was minimized. A 3-fold and a 10-fold increase was observed at 24 hours for the high-copper and the conventional alloy, respectively, when crevice conditions were imposed. Capacitance measurements indirectly showed an increase in surface area for both alloys, with the high-copper alloy increasing about three times more than the conventional alloy. AC impedance is a rapid, nondestructive method which is suitable for use in vivo and in clinical trials.
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Papers by Lawrence Gettleman