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Latif Ladid

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Papers by Latif Ladid

Emerging Technologies

Artículo de publicación IS

Food Supply Blockchain: A Bright Future for the Food Supply Chain

2023 IST-Africa Conference (IST-Africa)

The New, New Internet-Ipv6: Technology's Next Big Step

The International Journal of the Computer, the Internet and Management, 2006

IoT Validation and Interoperability IoT — IPv6 and M2M

River Publishers eBooks, Sep 1, 2022

Scalable Integration Framework for Heterogeneous Smart Objects, Applications and Services

Internet of Things Applications - From Research and Innovation to Market Deployment, Sep 1, 2022

Internet of Things Global Standardisation - State of Play

Internet of Things Applications - From Research and Innovation to Market Deployment, Sep 1, 2022

Use Cases and Standardisation Activities for eMBB and V2X Scenarios

2020 IEEE International Conference on Communications Workshops (ICC Workshops)

The H2020 project 5G-DRIVE (5G HarmoniseD Research and TrIals for serVice Evolution between EU an... more The H2020 project 5G-DRIVE (5G HarmoniseD Research and TrIals for serVice Evolution between EU and China) [1] cooperates with the Chinese twin project to trial and validate key functions of 5G networks operating at 3.5 GHz bands for enhanced Mobile Broadband (eMBB) and 3.5 GHz & 5.9 GHz bands for V2X scenarios. This paper describes the ongoing standardisation efforts for eMBB and V2X scenarios. Furthermore, it introduces the use cases considered by the 5G-DRIVE project.

1 Application and Benefits of IPv6 for the IoT 11 1.1 Introduction to IPv6.......................... more 1 Application and Benefits of IPv6 for the IoT 11 1.1 Introduction to IPv6..................................................................................... 11 1.2 Main benefits of IPv6 for the IoT................................................................ 12 1.3 Integration with the Cloud.......................................................................... 16 1.4 Integration with the mobile world.............................................................. 17 1.5 Integration with tags, RFID and NFC....................................................... 18

2011 Fifth International Conference on Next Generation Mobile Applications, Services and Technologies, 2011

In the early days of wireless communications the research community used to view multipath-induce... more In the early days of wireless communications the research community used to view multipath-induced dispersion as an undesirable propagation phenomenon, which could only be combatted with the aid of complex channel equalizers. The longer the Channel Impulse Response (CIR) was, the more complex the channel equalizer became. However, provided that the complexity of a sufficiently high-memory channel equalizer was affordable, the receiver could benefit from the fact that the individual propagation paths faded independently. To elaborate a little further, even if one of the paths was experiencing a high attenuation, there was a good chance that some of the other paths were not, which led to a potential diversity gain.

EU 5 G-DRIVE : 5 G harmonised research and trials for service evolution between EU and China

017 witnessed substantial progress in 5G development. On December 22nd 2017, the 3rd Generation P... more 017 witnessed substantial progress in 5G development. On December 22nd 2017, the 3rd Generation Partnership Project (3GPP) approved the first technical specifications for the 5G New Radio (NR). This significant milestone paved the way for largescale pre-commercial trials of 5G systems. Consequently, 5G is now on the agenda of global market adoption. Prior to witnessing real-life deployments of the first 5G networks, global technology consensus and spectrum harmonisation still remain the key issues before 5G standardisation is finally ratified. International collaboration and alignment among key regions are essential to facilitate this process. China and Europe are two of the key regions undoubtedly called to play this critical role. The European Commission has taken the first step to boost 5G global cooperation. Through joint funded projects, global 5G events and several other initiatives, a plethora of collaborations has been established between China, United States, Japan, South Korea and Brazil. These joint technological ventures play a crucial role for an aligned 5G Research and Innovation (R&I) ecosystem across regions. Particularly, joint projects allow the direct collaboration of major stakeholders between the EU and other regions on key R&I challenges, and facilitates early consensus of business cases, technologies and regulations. Back in early September 2015, the 5G Public Private Partnership (PPP) Infrastructure Association (5G-IA) signed the Memorandum of Understanding (MoU) with the International Mobile Telecommunications 2020 (IMT-2020) Promotion Group of China for jointly promoting 5G development between the two regions. After two years of strategic collaboration, the increasing need for a closer collaboration to synchronize 5G technologies and spectrum issues before the final roll-out of 5G has become a key issue. Consequently, the European Commission and China have agreed to fund a joint project on 5G trials in order to address two most promising 5G deployment scenarios, namely enhanced Mobile Broadband (eMBB) and Vehicle-to-Everything (V2X) communications. This project, established by major 5G players in both regions, takes the ambition to fulfil this goal.

Secure Election Infrastructures Based on IPv 6 Clouds

Cloud and IPv6 make sense together For public administrations engaged in building future-proof in... more Cloud and IPv6 make sense together For public administrations engaged in building future-proof infrastructures, IPv6 and cloud systems managed in-house are worth to consider together. Both cloud infrastructures and IPv6 are technologies of the present and it is time to make them part of the future. Why? IPv6 itself enables addressability and thus helps endto-end connectivity, when it comes to many heterogeneous computing resources (for example, mobile devices and Internet of Things). Cloud systems help reduce spending on infrastructure, improve accessibility, and enable scaling. Cloud software to deploy and manage fleets of virtual resources is already available, either proprietary or opensource; this technology is already offering management features that network administrators were only dreaming about before. Together, cloud and IPv6 make sense together be-cause the resources that IPv6 can access, can be virtualised in the cloud and controlled remotely.

IoT-IPv6 integration handbook for SMEs

An Analysis of Challenges, Solutions and Opportunities

The public IPv4 address space managed by IANA (http://www.iana.org) has been completely depleted ... more The public IPv4 address space managed by IANA (http://www.iana.org) has been completely depleted by Feb 1st, 2011. This creates by itself an interesting challenge when adding new things and enabling new services on the Internet. Without public IP addresses, the Internet of Things capabilities would be greatly reduced. Most discussions about IoT have been based on the illusionary assumption that the IP address space is an unlimited resource or it is even taken for granted that IP is like oxygen produced for free by nature. Hopefully, the next generation of Internet Protocol, also known as IPv6 brings a solution. In early 90s,

Advancing the Security of Trustworthy Self-IoT (Position Paper)

The Internet of Things (IoT) encompasses many aspects of our daily life, from connected homes and... more The Internet of Things (IoT) encompasses many aspects of our daily life, from connected homes and cities through connected vehicles and roads to devices that collaborate independently to achieve a specific purpose. Being an example of a largescale self-organizing systems, the IoT should present imperative properties such as autonomy and trustworthiness. However, compared to classical self-organizing systems, IoT has intrinsic characteristics (wide deployment, resource constraints, uncertain environment, etc.) that open up several security challenges. These challenges cannot be solved by existing Autonomic and Organic Computing techniques and therefore new techniques adapted to self-organizing IoT, (that we call Self-IoT) peculiarities are needed. To this end, this paper studies related work in the area of self-organizing IoT, identifies and describes the key research challenges for trustworthy secure Self-IoT and proposes new and tailored existing solutions

Enhanced Mobile Broadband as Enabler for 5G: Actions from the Framework of the 5G-DRIVE Project

In the new fascinating era of 5G, new communication requirements set diverse challenges upon exis... more In the new fascinating era of 5G, new communication requirements set diverse challenges upon existing networks, both in terms of technologies and business models. One among the essential categories of the innovative 5G mobile network services is the enhanced Mobile Broadband (eMBB), mainly aiming to fulfill users’ demand for an increasingly digital lifestyle and focusing upon facilities that implicate high requirements for bandwidth. In this paper we have discussed eMBB as the first commercial use of the 5G technology. Then, we have focused upon the original context of the 5G-DRIVE research project between the EU and China, and we have identified essential features of the respective eMBB trials, constituting one of the corresponding core activities. In addition, we have discussed proposed scenarios and KPIs for assessing the scheduled experimental work, based on similar findings from other research and/or standardization activities.

Whitepaper: The Finish Electronic Communi¬cations Regulator TRAFICOM – A Cybersecurity Reference Model for Europe

IoT InterOp-WARE A Heck of a Challenge

By 2020, the Internet of Things (IoT) is expected to connect 50 to 100 Billion smart things and o... more By 2020, the Internet of Things (IoT) is expected to connect 50 to 100 Billion smart things and objects12, paving the way to great economic opportunities and challenges3. Forrester4 expects the digital universe to grow by a factor of 32 by 2020 compared to 2012. According to Bell labs5, in 2013, ICT consumed about 6% of global energy at about 108.4 gigawatts (or 109 nuclear plants, or 19 times the energy consumption of New York City). According to Cisco6, by 2018, over half of all IP traffic will originate with non-PC devices and the machine-to-machine (M2M) traffic will grow at an annual rate of 84%. According to the IERC and the ITU, the largest barriers hindering the Internet of Things market development is the lack of interoperability 7. Internet of Things, M2M and oneM2M are major emerging trends at the present and for the coming years of the communication society. Several challenges have already been identified in terms of governance, security/privacy and convergence. The curr...

IoT Sensors and Devices Area Editor

C-V2X Communications for the Support of a Green Light Optimized Speed Advisory (GLOSA) Use Case

Rapid expansion of 5G affects a number of sectors, including vehicular communications relying on ... more Rapid expansion of 5G affects a number of sectors, including vehicular communications relying on cooperative intelligent transportation systems (C-ITS). More specifically, in the context of the Internet of Vehicles (IoV), a particular emphasis is placed on modern cellular V2X (C-V2X) technologies aiming to further improve road safety. This work originates from the detailed scope of the ongoing 5G-DRIVE research project promoting cooperation between the EU and China, with the aim of demonstrating IoV services that rely on vehicle-to-infrastructure (V2I) communications. With the C-V2X approach serving as a point of departure, we analyze and describe a specific green light-optimized speed advisory (GLOSA) use case, for which we provide a detailed descriptive framework, a proposed architectural framework for trials, as well as specific KPIs for the joint assessment of trials between the EU and China. We also discuss the context for performance test procedures to be conducted as part of ...

5G Promotive Actions based upon enhanced Mobile Broadband (EMBB) Communication Trials between the EU and China

2020 5th South-East Europe Design Automation, Computer Engineering, Computer Networks and Social Media Conference (SEEDA-CECNSM), 2020

The enhanced Mobile BroadBand (eMBB) service type is expected to be the main target for the first... more The enhanced Mobile BroadBand (eMBB) service type is expected to be the main target for the first 5G deployments internationally. The first 5G standards release has also focused on the system and technology requirements and specifications for the eMBB type of service, which is to support a great variety of modern market-related applications. In the detailed scope of the 5G-DRIVE research project promoting cooperation between the EU and China, the eMBB trials are one of the two general sets of trials to be undertaken towards promoting 5G growth. In this paper, we first identify a variety of challenges rising from the 5G evolution and then we describe the specific innovative framework of the 5G-DRIVE research, together with a detailed context for establishing appropriate KPIs, for the assessment of trials. Then we discuss the two selected use cases dealing with cloud-assisted augmented reality and indoor positioning. For each use case we provide a detailed descriptive framework accompanied by the specific KPIs that are also further extended so that to cover a broader potential scope for reliable market adaptability. We summarize our approach by discussing the performed progress together with widely defined KPIs for the joint assessment of trials in Europe and China.

Emerging Technologies

Artículo de publicación IS

Food Supply Blockchain: A Bright Future for the Food Supply Chain

2023 IST-Africa Conference (IST-Africa)

The New, New Internet-Ipv6: Technology's Next Big Step

The International Journal of the Computer, the Internet and Management, 2006

IoT Validation and Interoperability IoT — IPv6 and M2M

River Publishers eBooks, Sep 1, 2022

Scalable Integration Framework for Heterogeneous Smart Objects, Applications and Services

Internet of Things Applications - From Research and Innovation to Market Deployment, Sep 1, 2022

Internet of Things Global Standardisation - State of Play

Internet of Things Applications - From Research and Innovation to Market Deployment, Sep 1, 2022

Use Cases and Standardisation Activities for eMBB and V2X Scenarios

2020 IEEE International Conference on Communications Workshops (ICC Workshops)

The H2020 project 5G-DRIVE (5G HarmoniseD Research and TrIals for serVice Evolution between EU an... more The H2020 project 5G-DRIVE (5G HarmoniseD Research and TrIals for serVice Evolution between EU and China) [1] cooperates with the Chinese twin project to trial and validate key functions of 5G networks operating at 3.5 GHz bands for enhanced Mobile Broadband (eMBB) and 3.5 GHz & 5.9 GHz bands for V2X scenarios. This paper describes the ongoing standardisation efforts for eMBB and V2X scenarios. Furthermore, it introduces the use cases considered by the 5G-DRIVE project.

1 Application and Benefits of IPv6 for the IoT 11 1.1 Introduction to IPv6.......................... more 1 Application and Benefits of IPv6 for the IoT 11 1.1 Introduction to IPv6..................................................................................... 11 1.2 Main benefits of IPv6 for the IoT................................................................ 12 1.3 Integration with the Cloud.......................................................................... 16 1.4 Integration with the mobile world.............................................................. 17 1.5 Integration with tags, RFID and NFC....................................................... 18

2011 Fifth International Conference on Next Generation Mobile Applications, Services and Technologies, 2011

In the early days of wireless communications the research community used to view multipath-induce... more In the early days of wireless communications the research community used to view multipath-induced dispersion as an undesirable propagation phenomenon, which could only be combatted with the aid of complex channel equalizers. The longer the Channel Impulse Response (CIR) was, the more complex the channel equalizer became. However, provided that the complexity of a sufficiently high-memory channel equalizer was affordable, the receiver could benefit from the fact that the individual propagation paths faded independently. To elaborate a little further, even if one of the paths was experiencing a high attenuation, there was a good chance that some of the other paths were not, which led to a potential diversity gain.

EU 5 G-DRIVE : 5 G harmonised research and trials for service evolution between EU and China

017 witnessed substantial progress in 5G development. On December 22nd 2017, the 3rd Generation P... more 017 witnessed substantial progress in 5G development. On December 22nd 2017, the 3rd Generation Partnership Project (3GPP) approved the first technical specifications for the 5G New Radio (NR). This significant milestone paved the way for largescale pre-commercial trials of 5G systems. Consequently, 5G is now on the agenda of global market adoption. Prior to witnessing real-life deployments of the first 5G networks, global technology consensus and spectrum harmonisation still remain the key issues before 5G standardisation is finally ratified. International collaboration and alignment among key regions are essential to facilitate this process. China and Europe are two of the key regions undoubtedly called to play this critical role. The European Commission has taken the first step to boost 5G global cooperation. Through joint funded projects, global 5G events and several other initiatives, a plethora of collaborations has been established between China, United States, Japan, South Korea and Brazil. These joint technological ventures play a crucial role for an aligned 5G Research and Innovation (R&I) ecosystem across regions. Particularly, joint projects allow the direct collaboration of major stakeholders between the EU and other regions on key R&I challenges, and facilitates early consensus of business cases, technologies and regulations. Back in early September 2015, the 5G Public Private Partnership (PPP) Infrastructure Association (5G-IA) signed the Memorandum of Understanding (MoU) with the International Mobile Telecommunications 2020 (IMT-2020) Promotion Group of China for jointly promoting 5G development between the two regions. After two years of strategic collaboration, the increasing need for a closer collaboration to synchronize 5G technologies and spectrum issues before the final roll-out of 5G has become a key issue. Consequently, the European Commission and China have agreed to fund a joint project on 5G trials in order to address two most promising 5G deployment scenarios, namely enhanced Mobile Broadband (eMBB) and Vehicle-to-Everything (V2X) communications. This project, established by major 5G players in both regions, takes the ambition to fulfil this goal.

Secure Election Infrastructures Based on IPv 6 Clouds

Cloud and IPv6 make sense together For public administrations engaged in building future-proof in... more Cloud and IPv6 make sense together For public administrations engaged in building future-proof infrastructures, IPv6 and cloud systems managed in-house are worth to consider together. Both cloud infrastructures and IPv6 are technologies of the present and it is time to make them part of the future. Why? IPv6 itself enables addressability and thus helps endto-end connectivity, when it comes to many heterogeneous computing resources (for example, mobile devices and Internet of Things). Cloud systems help reduce spending on infrastructure, improve accessibility, and enable scaling. Cloud software to deploy and manage fleets of virtual resources is already available, either proprietary or opensource; this technology is already offering management features that network administrators were only dreaming about before. Together, cloud and IPv6 make sense together be-cause the resources that IPv6 can access, can be virtualised in the cloud and controlled remotely.

IoT-IPv6 integration handbook for SMEs

An Analysis of Challenges, Solutions and Opportunities

The public IPv4 address space managed by IANA (http://www.iana.org) has been completely depleted ... more The public IPv4 address space managed by IANA (http://www.iana.org) has been completely depleted by Feb 1st, 2011. This creates by itself an interesting challenge when adding new things and enabling new services on the Internet. Without public IP addresses, the Internet of Things capabilities would be greatly reduced. Most discussions about IoT have been based on the illusionary assumption that the IP address space is an unlimited resource or it is even taken for granted that IP is like oxygen produced for free by nature. Hopefully, the next generation of Internet Protocol, also known as IPv6 brings a solution. In early 90s,

Advancing the Security of Trustworthy Self-IoT (Position Paper)

The Internet of Things (IoT) encompasses many aspects of our daily life, from connected homes and... more The Internet of Things (IoT) encompasses many aspects of our daily life, from connected homes and cities through connected vehicles and roads to devices that collaborate independently to achieve a specific purpose. Being an example of a largescale self-organizing systems, the IoT should present imperative properties such as autonomy and trustworthiness. However, compared to classical self-organizing systems, IoT has intrinsic characteristics (wide deployment, resource constraints, uncertain environment, etc.) that open up several security challenges. These challenges cannot be solved by existing Autonomic and Organic Computing techniques and therefore new techniques adapted to self-organizing IoT, (that we call Self-IoT) peculiarities are needed. To this end, this paper studies related work in the area of self-organizing IoT, identifies and describes the key research challenges for trustworthy secure Self-IoT and proposes new and tailored existing solutions

Enhanced Mobile Broadband as Enabler for 5G: Actions from the Framework of the 5G-DRIVE Project

In the new fascinating era of 5G, new communication requirements set diverse challenges upon exis... more In the new fascinating era of 5G, new communication requirements set diverse challenges upon existing networks, both in terms of technologies and business models. One among the essential categories of the innovative 5G mobile network services is the enhanced Mobile Broadband (eMBB), mainly aiming to fulfill users’ demand for an increasingly digital lifestyle and focusing upon facilities that implicate high requirements for bandwidth. In this paper we have discussed eMBB as the first commercial use of the 5G technology. Then, we have focused upon the original context of the 5G-DRIVE research project between the EU and China, and we have identified essential features of the respective eMBB trials, constituting one of the corresponding core activities. In addition, we have discussed proposed scenarios and KPIs for assessing the scheduled experimental work, based on similar findings from other research and/or standardization activities.

Whitepaper: The Finish Electronic Communi¬cations Regulator TRAFICOM – A Cybersecurity Reference Model for Europe

IoT InterOp-WARE A Heck of a Challenge

By 2020, the Internet of Things (IoT) is expected to connect 50 to 100 Billion smart things and o... more By 2020, the Internet of Things (IoT) is expected to connect 50 to 100 Billion smart things and objects12, paving the way to great economic opportunities and challenges3. Forrester4 expects the digital universe to grow by a factor of 32 by 2020 compared to 2012. According to Bell labs5, in 2013, ICT consumed about 6% of global energy at about 108.4 gigawatts (or 109 nuclear plants, or 19 times the energy consumption of New York City). According to Cisco6, by 2018, over half of all IP traffic will originate with non-PC devices and the machine-to-machine (M2M) traffic will grow at an annual rate of 84%. According to the IERC and the ITU, the largest barriers hindering the Internet of Things market development is the lack of interoperability 7. Internet of Things, M2M and oneM2M are major emerging trends at the present and for the coming years of the communication society. Several challenges have already been identified in terms of governance, security/privacy and convergence. The curr...

IoT Sensors and Devices Area Editor

C-V2X Communications for the Support of a Green Light Optimized Speed Advisory (GLOSA) Use Case

Rapid expansion of 5G affects a number of sectors, including vehicular communications relying on ... more Rapid expansion of 5G affects a number of sectors, including vehicular communications relying on cooperative intelligent transportation systems (C-ITS). More specifically, in the context of the Internet of Vehicles (IoV), a particular emphasis is placed on modern cellular V2X (C-V2X) technologies aiming to further improve road safety. This work originates from the detailed scope of the ongoing 5G-DRIVE research project promoting cooperation between the EU and China, with the aim of demonstrating IoV services that rely on vehicle-to-infrastructure (V2I) communications. With the C-V2X approach serving as a point of departure, we analyze and describe a specific green light-optimized speed advisory (GLOSA) use case, for which we provide a detailed descriptive framework, a proposed architectural framework for trials, as well as specific KPIs for the joint assessment of trials between the EU and China. We also discuss the context for performance test procedures to be conducted as part of ...

5G Promotive Actions based upon enhanced Mobile Broadband (EMBB) Communication Trials between the EU and China

2020 5th South-East Europe Design Automation, Computer Engineering, Computer Networks and Social Media Conference (SEEDA-CECNSM), 2020

The enhanced Mobile BroadBand (eMBB) service type is expected to be the main target for the first... more The enhanced Mobile BroadBand (eMBB) service type is expected to be the main target for the first 5G deployments internationally. The first 5G standards release has also focused on the system and technology requirements and specifications for the eMBB type of service, which is to support a great variety of modern market-related applications. In the detailed scope of the 5G-DRIVE research project promoting cooperation between the EU and China, the eMBB trials are one of the two general sets of trials to be undertaken towards promoting 5G growth. In this paper, we first identify a variety of challenges rising from the 5G evolution and then we describe the specific innovative framework of the 5G-DRIVE research, together with a detailed context for establishing appropriate KPIs, for the assessment of trials. Then we discuss the two selected use cases dealing with cloud-assisted augmented reality and indoor positioning. For each use case we provide a detailed descriptive framework accompanied by the specific KPIs that are also further extended so that to cover a broader potential scope for reliable market adaptability. We summarize our approach by discussing the performed progress together with widely defined KPIs for the joint assessment of trials in Europe and China.