Papers by Lamprini Galani
European Journal of Clinical Microbiology & Infectious Diseases
Resistance of Acinetobacter baumannii to multiple clinically important antimicrobials has increas... more Resistance of Acinetobacter baumannii to multiple clinically important antimicrobials has increased to very high rates in Greece, rendering most of them obsolete. The aim of this study was to determine the molecular epidemiology and susceptibilities of A. baumannii isolates collected from different hospitals across Greece. Single-patient A. baumannii strains isolated from blood cultures (n = 271), from 19 hospitals, in a 6-month period (November 2020–April 2021) were subjected to minimum inhibitory concentration determination and molecular testing for carbapenemase, 16S rRNA methyltransferase and mcr gene detection and epidemiological evaluation. 98.9% of all isolates produced carbapenemase OXA-23. The vast majority (91.8%) of OXA-23 producers harbored the armA and were assigned mainly (94.3%) to sequence group G1, corresponding to IC II. Apramycin (EBL-1003) was the most active agent inhibiting 100% of the isolates at ≤16 mg/L, followed by cefiderocol which was active against at le...
Eurosurveillance, 2020
From September to October 2019, seven patients colonised or infected with a ceftazidime-avibactam... more From September to October 2019, seven patients colonised or infected with a ceftazidime-avibactam (CZA)-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae carbapenemase (KPC)-2-producing K. pneumoniae were detected in two intensive care units of a Greek general hospital. The outbreak strain was sequence type (ST)147 and co-produced KPC-2 and the novel plasmid-borne Vietnamese extended-spectrum β-lactamase (VEB)-25 harbouring a K234R substitution associated with CZA resistance. Epidemiological investigations revealed that the resistance was probably acquired by horizontal transmission independently from previous CZA exposure.
Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy, 2015
Colistin has been revived, in the era of extensively drug-resistant (XDR) Gram-negative infection... more Colistin has been revived, in the era of extensively drug-resistant (XDR) Gram-negative infections, as the last-resort treatment in critically ill patients. Recent studies focusing on the optimal dosing strategy of colistin have demonstrated the necessity of a loading dose at treatment initiation (D. Plachouras, M. Karvanen, L. E. Friberg, E. Papadomichelakis, A. Antoniadou, I. Tsangaris, I. Karaiskos, G. Poulakou, F. Kontopidou, A. Armaganidis, O. Cars, and H. Giamarellou, Antimicrob Agents Chemother 53:3430–3436, 2009, http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/AAC.01361-08 ; A. F. Mohamed, I. Karaiskos, D. Plachouras, M. Karvanen, K. Pontikis, B. Jansson, E. Papadomichelakis, A. Antoniadou, H. Giamarellou, A. Armaganidis, O. Cars, and L. E. Friberg, Antimicrob Agents Chemother 56:4241– 4249, 2012, http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/AAC.06426-11 ; S. M. Garonzik, J. Li, V. Thamlikitkul, D. L. Paterson, S. Shoham, J. Jacob, F. P. Silveira, A. Forrest, and R. L. Nation, Antimicrob Agents Chemother 55:3284–32...
Objectives: Insertional inactivation of the mgrB gene, encoding a negative feed-back regulator of... more Objectives: Insertional inactivation of the mgrB gene, encoding a negative feed-back regulator of the PhoQ/PhoP signaling system, has been reported to be responsible for colistin resistance in KPC-Klebsiella pneumoniae, due to the resulting upregulation of the Pmr lipopolysaccharide modification system. In this work we have investigated seven pairs of colistin-susceptible and colistin-resistant sequential isolates obtained from stool samples of seven patients with a KPC-Klebsiella pneumoniae infection before and after colistin treatment, respectively. Methods: Colistin resistant K. pneumoniae strains isolated in surveillance specimens of 7 patients, who were on colistin treatment, as well as sensitive strains isolated from the same patients before colistin use, were included in the study. Exact MICs for colistin were determined by the E-test. Sensitive and resistant isolates were epidemiologically studied by repetitive extragenic palindromic (REP)-PCR methodology. The mgrB and pmrB ...
International Journal of Antimicrobial Agents, 2009
Moxifloxacin (MXF) is an 8-methoxyquinolone with high activity against Gram-positive bacteria. In... more Moxifloxacin (MXF) is an 8-methoxyquinolone with high activity against Gram-positive bacteria. In an experimental model of aortic valve endocarditis (EAVE), the efficacy of MXF was evaluated against a strain of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA). Rabbits with catheter-induced aortic valve vegetations were randomly assigned to a control group or to groups receiving MXF 20 mg/kg intravenous (i.v.) twice a day (bid) or vancomycin (VAN) 30 mg/kg i.v. bid for a total of eight doses (4 days). Rabbits were sacrificed 15 h after the last dose of antibiotics. In another group, treatment with MXF was extended to 5 days and rabbits were sacrificed 5 days after the last dose (10th dose) of MXF in order to detect possible relapses of endocarditis after the end of treatment (test-of-cure (TOC) study). Both MXF and VAN significantly reduced the bacterial load in vegetations (P < 0.001 vs. controls). All animals in the MXF-TOC group had sterile vegetations. MXF given at a dose of 20 mg/kg i.v. bid for 4 days was equally effective as VAN in the treatment of EAVE due to MRSA. When treatment with MXF was extended to 5 days, the cure rate reached 100% and no relapses of endocarditis were observed.
Background: The increase in the incidence of antimicrobial resistance among gram – negative bacte... more Background: The increase in the incidence of antimicrobial resistance among gram – negative bacteria in combination with the dry antimicrobial drug development pipeline has led to the revival of C in critically ill patients (pts). Such pts often suffer from acute renal failure necessitating renal replacement therapy. Recent studies focusing on the optimal dosing strategy of C have demonstrated the necessity of a LD at treatment initiation and longer interval doses. Methods: In pts on renal replacement with suspected or microbiologically documented infections caused by XDR gram-negative strains, a LD of 9 MU (~270 mg C base activity) was administrated with a maintenance dose of 4.5 MU every 12h commenced after 24h. Blood samples were collected immediately before and at different time intervals after LD and the 4th dose, while prefilter and postfilter blood samples and spot samples of effluent from the haemofilter were also collected. CMS and C concentrations were determined with a LC...
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Papers by Lamprini Galani