Papers by Lorena Giachero
XXVII Congreso Argentino de la Ciencia del Suelo. "Suelos: Desafíos para una producción y desarrollo sustentables", Corrientes, 13 al 16 de Octubre de 2020, May 26, 2020
Defensa en plantas contra fitopatógenos: Programa Nacional de Protección Vegetal, 2018
En esta versión de Avances 2018 en PNPV 113524 se incluyen investigaciones sobre resistencia gené... more En esta versión de Avances 2018 en PNPV 113524 se incluyen investigaciones sobre resistencia genética a fitopatógenos en cereales (arroz, trigo), hortícolas (tomate), frutales (cítricos, olivo, vid) y oleaginosas (soja). Los microorganismos considerados patógenos como fitoplasmas (AY-WB, AY-ACLL), virus (Grapevine leafroll associated virus 2, Plum pox virus, Soybean mosaic virus, Wheat streak mosaic virus, Begomovirus, Potyvirus), bacterias (Xylella fastidiosa) y hongos (Colletotrichum gloeosporioides, Fusarium virguliforme, LasiodiplodIa theobrome, Pyricularia oryzae, Schizophyllum commune, Xylaria) o benéficos (B. japonicum) en plantas cultivadas. Las investigaciones comprendieron aspectos de ´detección y caracterización de proteínas, caracterización biológica y mecanismos genéticos involucrados en la resistencia de las plantas a virus, infecciones mixtas, diversidad molecular y estructura genética de poblaciones de microorganismos, vectores de virus (Aceria tosichella), expresión de genes relacionados a resistencia genética a microorganismos, respuesta vegetal frente a nuevos compuestos para prevención de enfermedades, virulencia de microorganismos cambios a nivel radicular en plantas enfermas y genotipos promisorios frente a enfermedades´. Los estudios fueron conducidos principalmente en Estaciones Experimentales de INTA (EEA Bella Vista, EEA Concepción del Uruguay, EEA Junín, EEA Mendoza, EEA Rama Caída, EEA Yuto) e Institutos de Investigación (CIAP IPAVE e IFRGV-Córdoba, CICVyA-IMYZA-Castelar) con colaboraciones de CONICET e Universidades Nacionales.Fil: Giachero, María Lorena. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria. Centro de Investigaciones Agropecuarias. Instituto de Patología Vegetal; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Córdoba; ArgentinaFil: Ortega, L.. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria. Centro de Investigaciones Agropecuarias. Instituto de Patología Vegetal; ArgentinaFil: Marquez, Nathalie. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria. Centro de Investigaciones Agropecuarias. Instituto de Patología Vegetal; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Córdoba; ArgentinaFil: Ducasse, Daniel Adrián. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria. Centro de Investigaciones Agropecuarias. Instituto de Patología Vegetal; Argentin
ABSTRACTFusarium virguliforme causes the Sudden Death Syndrome, an important disease in soybean c... more ABSTRACTFusarium virguliforme causes the Sudden Death Syndrome, an important disease in soybean crops. In this work, we investigated the defensive response mechanisms in soybean root, at cell wall level, during F. virguliforme infection using an in vitro culture system. We measured total root lignin content by the acetyl bromide method and estimated the in-situ lignin and suberin deposition by confocal microscopy on local and systemic root tissues, i.e. adjacent and distant to the pathogen entry site respectively. Moreover, the expression dynamics of phenylalanine ammonia lyase (PAL), shikimate/quinate hydroxycinnamoyltransferase (HCT) and cinnamyl alcohol dehydrogenase (CAD) was evaluated by real-time quantitative PCR. The results showed that, although the most significant increment of lignin deposition was observed in the epidermal cells of local tissues, F. virguliforme also induced lignin deposition changes in a sistemic fashion. In fact, inoculated plants presented a higher dep...
Plant Pathology, 2019
Transcriptome analysis of mycorrhizal and non-mycorrhizal soybean plantlets upon infection with F... more Transcriptome analysis of mycorrhizal and non-mycorrhizal soybean plantlets upon infection with Fusarium virguliforme, one causal agent of sudden death syndrome
Molecular Plant-Microbe Interactions®, 2018
Macrophomina phaseolina is a soil-borne fungal pathogen with a wide host range that causes charco... more Macrophomina phaseolina is a soil-borne fungal pathogen with a wide host range that causes charcoal rot in soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.]. Control of the disease is a challenge, due to the absence of genetic resistance and effective chemical control. Alternative or complementary measures are needed, such as the use of biological control agents, in an integrated approach. Several studies have demonstrated the role of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) in enhancing plant resistance or tolerance to biotic stresses, decreasing the symptoms and pressure caused by various pests and diseases, including M. phaseolina in soybean. However, the specific contribution of AMF in the regulation of the plant response to M. phaseolina remains unclear. Therefore, the objective of the present study was to investigate, under strict in-vitro culture conditions, the global transcriptional changes in roots of premycorrhized soybean plantlets challenged by M. phaseolina (+AMF+Mp) as compared with nonmyco...
Frontiers in plant science, 2017
In this work, we described an in vitro system adequate for investigating the pathosystem soybean/... more In this work, we described an in vitro system adequate for investigating the pathosystem soybean/arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF)/Fusarium virguliforme. Pre-mycorrhized plantlets with Rhizophagus irregularis were infected by F. virguliforme either locally via a plug of gel supporting mycelium (Method 1) or via a macroconidia suspension applied to the medium surface (Method 2). Root colonization by the AMF and infection by the pathogen were similar to the usual observations in pot experiments. Within a period of 18 days, more than 20% of the roots were colonized by the AMF and infection by the pathogen was observed in all the plants. In presence of AMF, a decrease in symptoms and in the level of root tissue infection was noticed. With Method 1, smaller necrotic lesions were observed in the pre-mycorrhized plantlets. In Method 2, pathogen infection was slower but more homogenous. These results demonstrated the suitability of the in vitro cultivation system to study the pathosystem s...
H 2 O 2 : Peróxido de Hidrógeno. HindIII: Enzimas de restricción de corte raro. HR: respuesta de ... more H 2 O 2 : Peróxido de Hidrógeno. HindIII: Enzimas de restricción de corte raro. HR: respuesta de hipersensibilidad.
Physiological and Molecular Plant Pathology, 2010
A general limitation when studying the early events in the infection process of a soil borne plan... more A general limitation when studying the early events in the infection process of a soil borne plant pathogen is the detection of the hypha arrival at the root surface. We describe a new method to infect plants with soil borne pathogens that may be applicable to examination of the prepenetration and the penetration phases of other soil borne fungi as well as the early responses of the host plant. Development of the in vitro method allowed us to obtain roots of soybean plants infected with Macrophomina phaseolina to characterize the infection process. Using two infection systems we provide evidence that M. phaseolina produces hyaline structures which are undetected by staining methods based on fungal chitin dyes and were identified exclusively by stained lipid vesicles produced by the pathogen within host tissues.
Frontiers in Plant Science, 2021
Macrophomina phaseolina is a generalist soil-borne fungus present all over the world. It cause di... more Macrophomina phaseolina is a generalist soil-borne fungus present all over the world. It cause diseases such as stem and root rot, charcoal rot and seedling blight. Under high temperatures and low soil moisture, this fungus can cause substantial yield losses in crops such as soybean, sorghum and groundnut. The wide host range and high persistence of M. phaseolina in soil as microsclerotia make disease control challenging. Therefore, understanding the basis of the pathogenicity mechanisms as well as its interactions with host plants is crucial for controlling the pathogen. In this work, we aim to describe the general characteristics and pathogenicity mechanisms of M. phaseolina, as well as the hosts defense response. We also review the current methods and most promising forecoming ones to reach a responsible control of the pathogen, with minimal impacts to the environment and natural resources.
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Papers by Lorena Giachero