Introduction Urbanisation is a global process leading to development of urban infrastructure and ... more Introduction Urbanisation is a global process leading to development of urban infrastructure and thus an increase in the population of urban areas. Health threats, including epidemics of infectious diseases that may break out in growing urban areas, can spread quickly and their effects could spread outside of the local territory. Purpose To outline the relationship between globalising, post-modern urbanisation processes, in particular the specific form of extended urbanisation, and the risks posed by infectious diseases that could give rise to new epidemics or pandemics. State of knowledge Health risks occurring at the local level of an urban area react to, and simultaneously affect, health situation occurring at an indefinite distance from the original site of the event. An important impact on the situation are the expanding or newly emerging urban areas, which cause negative changes in social conditions, and the increase in spatial mobility of the global population, which facilita...
Annals of Agricultural and Environmental Medicine, Apr 17, 2023
Grudziąż-Sękowska J, Sękowski KB, Pinkas J, Jankowski M. Blood glucose level testing in Poland-do... more Grudziąż-Sękowska J, Sękowski KB, Pinkas J, Jankowski M. Blood glucose level testing in Poland-do socioeconomic factors influence its frequency? A nationwide cross-sectional survey. Ann Agric Environ Med.
Introduction: Regular monitoring of public awareness of diabetes is necessary to provide e ective... more Introduction: Regular monitoring of public awareness of diabetes is necessary to provide e ective educational and preventive strategies. This study aimed to assess () public knowledge and awareness of diabetes among adults in Poland, as well as () to identify sociodemographic factors associated with public awareness of diabetes. Methods: This cross-sectional survey was carried out between and June , on a non-probability random quota sample of , adults in Poland. The questionnaire included ten questions related to the awareness of risk factors, symptoms, and complications of diabetes. Results: Among the respondents,. % had diabetes and. % declared that they have a history of diabetes in their family. Only. % of respondents declared a good level of knowledge of diabetes. Out of symptoms of diabetes analyzed in this study, high blood sugar (. %) and chronic fatigue (. %) were the most recognized. Out of diabetes risk factors analyzed in this study, overweight/obesity (. %) and unhealthy diet (. %) were the most recognized diabetes risk factors, while only. % of respondents indicated tobacco use. The diabetic foot was the most recognized diabetes complication (. %), but approximately half of the respondents indicated vision problems (. %), kidney damage (. %), or cardiovascular diseases (. %) as diabetes complications. Female gender, having higher education and having a family member with diabetes were the most im-portent factors associated (p < .) with a higher level of awareness of diabetes. Conclusions: This study demonstrated insu cient public awareness of diabetes among adults in Poland. Gender and educational level were the most important factors significantly associated with the awareness of the selected aspects of diabetes, while self-reported financial situation and place of residence had none or marginal influence.
Wewnętrzne i zewnętrzne czynniki skutecznej realizacji "Narodowego programu zdrowia" Internal and... more Wewnętrzne i zewnętrzne czynniki skutecznej realizacji "Narodowego programu zdrowia" Internal and external factors determining effective implementation of the National Health Programme: This article explores various factors that affect implementation of the Polish health strategy, namely National Health Programme (NHP). On the basis of the concept of the Health Policy Triangle, the authors identify several factors of effective implementation of the NHP for the years 2016-2020 under the current legislation and organisational conditions. Those factors are divided into two groups: internal (dependant on NHP policy document) and external ones (related to legal and organisational context of programme's implementation). Next, each factor is briefly characterised to provide some general guidance for the NHP for the next period. The final part of the article contain a list of proposed actions and decisions to be taken in order to ensure higher effectiveness of the next NHP.
BackgroundThe global burden of diabetes mellitus is increasing, and diabetes poses a serious prob... more BackgroundThe global burden of diabetes mellitus is increasing, and diabetes poses a serious problem for the healthcare system. We aimed to characterize patients hospitalized due to diabetes in Poland in 2019 and identify factors associated with the risk of in-hospital death and prolonged hospitalization.Material/MethodsData on all patients hospitalized due to diabetes in Poland in 2019 were taken from hospital discharge records collected by the National Institute of Public Health, Warsaw, Poland. The presence of comorbidities, in-hospital mortality rate, and duration of hospitalization were analyzed separately for type 1 and type 2 diabetes.ResultsIn 2019, a total of 28 617 patients were admitted to the hospital due to type 1 diabetes and 38 138 patients due to type 2 diabetes. The prevalence of comorbidities was 55.2% among patients with type 1 diabetes and 78.9% among those with type 2 diabetes. The in-hospital mortality rates were 2.1% and 3.3%, respectively. For emergency admissions, the in-hospital mortality rate was 4.0% and 4.5%, respectively. Over 30% of patients were hospitalized for more than 7 days. Older age and respiratory diseases were the most critical factors associated with higher risk of in-hospital death in patients with type 1 or type 2 diabetes (P<0.001). Male sex, age, and presence of at least 1 comorbidity were associated (P<0.001) with a higher risk of prolonged hospitalization.ConclusionsEffective management of respiratory diseases in patients hospitalized due to diabetes, especially those admitted in an emergency, seems crucial to reduce the risk of in-hospital death.
International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, Feb 22, 2021
This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative... more This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY
International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, Aug 14, 2022
This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative... more This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY
International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, Apr 15, 2022
This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative... more This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY
This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative... more This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY
Grudziąż-Sękowska J, Sękowski KB, Pinkas J, Jankowski M. Blood glucose level testing in Poland-do... more Grudziąż-Sękowska J, Sękowski KB, Pinkas J, Jankowski M. Blood glucose level testing in Poland-do socioeconomic factors influence its frequency? A nationwide cross-sectional survey. Ann Agric Environ Med.
Introduction and Objective. Diabetes, with its medical complications and societal consequences, i... more Introduction and Objective. Diabetes, with its medical complications and societal consequences, is one the most difficult concerns for modern society. The purpose of this narrative review is to characterize the selected public health challenges and opportunities resulting from diabetes in Poland, as well as to identify public health measures that may be adopted to lower the diabetes burden in Poland. Review Methods. This narrative review is based on the literature about diabetes in Poland. Scientific papers on diabetes published between 1 January 2010-31 January 2023, available in the PubMed database, were identified using a combination of the following key words: 'diabetes', 'Poland', 'public knowledge', 'management' and 'costs'. Particular attention was paid to the following diabetes-related issues: 1) current and forecast prevalence of diabetes in Poland, 2) diabetic care before and after the COVID-19 pandemic onset, 3) public knowledge of diabetes and diabetes risk factors, and 4) public health interventions to reduce the diabetes burden at the population level. Brief description of the state of knowledge. A continuous growth of both the incidence and the prevalence of diabetes is predicted. Due to insufficient public awareness of diabetes risk factors and symptoms, and the health-debt caused by COVID-19 pandemic, a further rise in the number of diabetic complications is expected, as well as an increase in public spending on health care and social insurance systems. Summary. Public health interventions targeted at preventing diabetes and its complications should not be confined to reducing complications and improving diabetes care, but also include a wide range of initiatives aimed at addressing the fundamental causes of diabetes. Future study should look at the cost-effectiveness of such initiatives in order to mobilize different stakeholders and society.
None declared Conflict of interest: None declared Background: The global burden of diabetes melli... more None declared Conflict of interest: None declared Background: The global burden of diabetes mellitus is increasing, and diabetes poses a serious problem for the healthcare system. We aimed to characterize patients hospitalized due to diabetes in Poland in 2019 and identify factors associated with the risk of in-hospital death and prolonged hospitalization. Material/Methods: Data on all patients hospitalized due to diabetes in Poland in 2019 were taken from hospital discharge records collected by the National Institute of Public Health, Warsaw, Poland. The presence of comorbidities, in-hospital mortality rate, and duration of hospitalization were analyzed separately for type 1 and type 2 diabetes. Results: In 2019, a total of 28 617 patients were admitted to the hospital due to type 1 diabetes and 38 138 patients due to type 2 diabetes. The prevalence of comorbidities was 55.2% among patients with type 1 diabetes and 78.9% among those with type 2 diabetes. The in-hospital mortality rates were 2.1% and 3.3%, respectively. For emergency admissions, the in-hospital mortality rate was 4.0% and 4.5%, respectively. Over 30% of patients were hospitalized for more than 7 days. Older age and respiratory diseases were the most critical factors associated with higher risk of in-hospital death in patients with type 1 or type 2 diabetes (P<0.001). Male sex, age, and presence of at least 1 comorbidity were associated (P<0.001) with a higher risk of prolonged hospitalization. Conclusions: Effective management of respiratory diseases in patients hospitalized due to diabetes, especially those admitted in an emergency, seems crucial to reduce the risk of in-hospital death.
International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health
Diabetes is one of the most common chronic diseases worldwide. The study aimed to present an epid... more Diabetes is one of the most common chronic diseases worldwide. The study aimed to present an epidemiological analysis of hospitalization related to diabetes mellitus in Poland between 2014 and 2020 as well as to analyze changes in diabetes-related hospital admissions before and during the COVID-19 pandemic. This study is a retrospective analysis of the national registry dataset of hospital discharge reports on diabetes-related hospitalizations in Poland between 2014 and 2020. The number of diabetes-related hospitalizations varied from 76,220 in 2016 to 45,159 in 2020. The hospitalization rate per 100,000 has decreased from 74.6 in 2019 to 53.0 in 2020 among patients with type 1 diabetes (percentage change: −28.9%). An even greater drop was observed among patients with type 2 diabetes: from 99.4 in 2019 to 61.6 in 2020 (percentage change: −38%). Both among patients with type 1 and type 2 diabetes, a decrease in hospitalization rate was higher among females than males (−31.6% vs. −26....
International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health
Type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1D) is, next to obesity and asthma, the most common chronic disease in... more Type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1D) is, next to obesity and asthma, the most common chronic disease in children in Poland. The results of T1D treatment strongly depend on the patient’s compliance with therapeutic recommendations, which entails the use of necessary health services. Based on a retrospective analysis of the data on health services provided in 2016–2020 to over 15.5 thousand patients with T1D in Poland, we assessed the compliance of the actual model of treatment of T1D in children with the current guidelines. It was found that only about 50% of patients received the number of diabetes consultations corresponding to the recognized standards, with about 15% of children with T1D remaining outside the public healthcare system. In the case of many outpatient services (ophthalmological, neurological, mental health), the number of consultations was extremely low—one order of magnitude lower than in general population and dropped even lower in 2020. This shows that the health needs ...
International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 2021
Type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1D) is, next to obesity and asthma, the most common chronic disease in... more Type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1D) is, next to obesity and asthma, the most common chronic disease in children in Poland. T1D is not only a medical challenge, but it also affects all areas of a sick child’s life and family functionality. New forms of therapy facilitate the daily management of the disease, but their availability is limited and partly dependent on socioeconomic status. This study aimed to assess the incidence and interrelationships between the child’s health condition and the applied therapy model, and selected aspects of the child’s family functionality and access to health and care services. The survey involved 206 child and youth caregivers with T1D who are members of Facebook support groups. The analysis of the obtained results revealed the existence of links between family income level and the type of insulin therapy applied. Children from families with a better financial situation (subjective and objective) were more likely to have additional medical consultations a...
Wewnętrzne i zewnętrzne czynniki skutecznej realizacji "Narodowego programu zdrowia" Internal and... more Wewnętrzne i zewnętrzne czynniki skutecznej realizacji "Narodowego programu zdrowia" Internal and external factors determining effective implementation of the National Health Programme: This article explores various factors that affect implementation of the Polish health strategy, namely National Health Programme (NHP). On the basis of the concept of the Health Policy Triangle, the authors identify several factors of effective implementation of the NHP for the years 2016-2020 under the current legislation and organisational conditions. Those factors are divided into two groups: internal (dependant on NHP policy document) and external ones (related to legal and organisational context of programme's implementation). Next, each factor is briefly characterised to provide some general guidance for the NHP for the next period. The final part of the article contain a list of proposed actions and decisions to be taken in order to ensure higher effectiveness of the next NHP.
IntroductionRegular monitoring of public awareness of diabetes is necessary to provide effective ... more IntroductionRegular monitoring of public awareness of diabetes is necessary to provide effective educational and preventive strategies. This study aimed to assess (1) public knowledge and awareness of diabetes among adults in Poland, as well as (2) to identify sociodemographic factors associated with public awareness of diabetes.MethodsThis cross-sectional survey was carried out between 24 and 27 June 2022, on a non-probability random quota sample of 1,051 adults in Poland. The questionnaire included ten questions related to the awareness of risk factors, symptoms, and complications of diabetes.ResultsAmong the respondents, 10.5% had diabetes and 43.8% declared that they have a history of diabetes in their family. Only 17.3% of respondents declared a good level of knowledge of diabetes. Out of 10 symptoms of diabetes analyzed in this study, high blood sugar (80.7%) and chronic fatigue (74.6%) were the most recognized. Out of 8 diabetes risk factors analyzed in this study, overweight...
Introduction Urbanisation is a global process leading to development of urban infrastructure and ... more Introduction Urbanisation is a global process leading to development of urban infrastructure and thus an increase in the population of urban areas. Health threats, including epidemics of infectious diseases that may break out in growing urban areas, can spread quickly and their effects could spread outside of the local territory. Purpose To outline the relationship between globalising, post-modern urbanisation processes, in particular the specific form of extended urbanisation, and the risks posed by infectious diseases that could give rise to new epidemics or pandemics. State of knowledge Health risks occurring at the local level of an urban area react to, and simultaneously affect, health situation occurring at an indefinite distance from the original site of the event. An important impact on the situation are the expanding or newly emerging urban areas, which cause negative changes in social conditions, and the increase in spatial mobility of the global population, which facilita...
Annals of Agricultural and Environmental Medicine, Apr 17, 2023
Grudziąż-Sękowska J, Sękowski KB, Pinkas J, Jankowski M. Blood glucose level testing in Poland-do... more Grudziąż-Sękowska J, Sękowski KB, Pinkas J, Jankowski M. Blood glucose level testing in Poland-do socioeconomic factors influence its frequency? A nationwide cross-sectional survey. Ann Agric Environ Med.
Introduction: Regular monitoring of public awareness of diabetes is necessary to provide e ective... more Introduction: Regular monitoring of public awareness of diabetes is necessary to provide e ective educational and preventive strategies. This study aimed to assess () public knowledge and awareness of diabetes among adults in Poland, as well as () to identify sociodemographic factors associated with public awareness of diabetes. Methods: This cross-sectional survey was carried out between and June , on a non-probability random quota sample of , adults in Poland. The questionnaire included ten questions related to the awareness of risk factors, symptoms, and complications of diabetes. Results: Among the respondents,. % had diabetes and. % declared that they have a history of diabetes in their family. Only. % of respondents declared a good level of knowledge of diabetes. Out of symptoms of diabetes analyzed in this study, high blood sugar (. %) and chronic fatigue (. %) were the most recognized. Out of diabetes risk factors analyzed in this study, overweight/obesity (. %) and unhealthy diet (. %) were the most recognized diabetes risk factors, while only. % of respondents indicated tobacco use. The diabetic foot was the most recognized diabetes complication (. %), but approximately half of the respondents indicated vision problems (. %), kidney damage (. %), or cardiovascular diseases (. %) as diabetes complications. Female gender, having higher education and having a family member with diabetes were the most im-portent factors associated (p < .) with a higher level of awareness of diabetes. Conclusions: This study demonstrated insu cient public awareness of diabetes among adults in Poland. Gender and educational level were the most important factors significantly associated with the awareness of the selected aspects of diabetes, while self-reported financial situation and place of residence had none or marginal influence.
Wewnętrzne i zewnętrzne czynniki skutecznej realizacji "Narodowego programu zdrowia" Internal and... more Wewnętrzne i zewnętrzne czynniki skutecznej realizacji "Narodowego programu zdrowia" Internal and external factors determining effective implementation of the National Health Programme: This article explores various factors that affect implementation of the Polish health strategy, namely National Health Programme (NHP). On the basis of the concept of the Health Policy Triangle, the authors identify several factors of effective implementation of the NHP for the years 2016-2020 under the current legislation and organisational conditions. Those factors are divided into two groups: internal (dependant on NHP policy document) and external ones (related to legal and organisational context of programme's implementation). Next, each factor is briefly characterised to provide some general guidance for the NHP for the next period. The final part of the article contain a list of proposed actions and decisions to be taken in order to ensure higher effectiveness of the next NHP.
BackgroundThe global burden of diabetes mellitus is increasing, and diabetes poses a serious prob... more BackgroundThe global burden of diabetes mellitus is increasing, and diabetes poses a serious problem for the healthcare system. We aimed to characterize patients hospitalized due to diabetes in Poland in 2019 and identify factors associated with the risk of in-hospital death and prolonged hospitalization.Material/MethodsData on all patients hospitalized due to diabetes in Poland in 2019 were taken from hospital discharge records collected by the National Institute of Public Health, Warsaw, Poland. The presence of comorbidities, in-hospital mortality rate, and duration of hospitalization were analyzed separately for type 1 and type 2 diabetes.ResultsIn 2019, a total of 28 617 patients were admitted to the hospital due to type 1 diabetes and 38 138 patients due to type 2 diabetes. The prevalence of comorbidities was 55.2% among patients with type 1 diabetes and 78.9% among those with type 2 diabetes. The in-hospital mortality rates were 2.1% and 3.3%, respectively. For emergency admissions, the in-hospital mortality rate was 4.0% and 4.5%, respectively. Over 30% of patients were hospitalized for more than 7 days. Older age and respiratory diseases were the most critical factors associated with higher risk of in-hospital death in patients with type 1 or type 2 diabetes (P<0.001). Male sex, age, and presence of at least 1 comorbidity were associated (P<0.001) with a higher risk of prolonged hospitalization.ConclusionsEffective management of respiratory diseases in patients hospitalized due to diabetes, especially those admitted in an emergency, seems crucial to reduce the risk of in-hospital death.
International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, Feb 22, 2021
This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative... more This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY
International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, Aug 14, 2022
This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative... more This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY
International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, Apr 15, 2022
This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative... more This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY
This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative... more This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY
Grudziąż-Sękowska J, Sękowski KB, Pinkas J, Jankowski M. Blood glucose level testing in Poland-do... more Grudziąż-Sękowska J, Sękowski KB, Pinkas J, Jankowski M. Blood glucose level testing in Poland-do socioeconomic factors influence its frequency? A nationwide cross-sectional survey. Ann Agric Environ Med.
Introduction and Objective. Diabetes, with its medical complications and societal consequences, i... more Introduction and Objective. Diabetes, with its medical complications and societal consequences, is one the most difficult concerns for modern society. The purpose of this narrative review is to characterize the selected public health challenges and opportunities resulting from diabetes in Poland, as well as to identify public health measures that may be adopted to lower the diabetes burden in Poland. Review Methods. This narrative review is based on the literature about diabetes in Poland. Scientific papers on diabetes published between 1 January 2010-31 January 2023, available in the PubMed database, were identified using a combination of the following key words: 'diabetes', 'Poland', 'public knowledge', 'management' and 'costs'. Particular attention was paid to the following diabetes-related issues: 1) current and forecast prevalence of diabetes in Poland, 2) diabetic care before and after the COVID-19 pandemic onset, 3) public knowledge of diabetes and diabetes risk factors, and 4) public health interventions to reduce the diabetes burden at the population level. Brief description of the state of knowledge. A continuous growth of both the incidence and the prevalence of diabetes is predicted. Due to insufficient public awareness of diabetes risk factors and symptoms, and the health-debt caused by COVID-19 pandemic, a further rise in the number of diabetic complications is expected, as well as an increase in public spending on health care and social insurance systems. Summary. Public health interventions targeted at preventing diabetes and its complications should not be confined to reducing complications and improving diabetes care, but also include a wide range of initiatives aimed at addressing the fundamental causes of diabetes. Future study should look at the cost-effectiveness of such initiatives in order to mobilize different stakeholders and society.
None declared Conflict of interest: None declared Background: The global burden of diabetes melli... more None declared Conflict of interest: None declared Background: The global burden of diabetes mellitus is increasing, and diabetes poses a serious problem for the healthcare system. We aimed to characterize patients hospitalized due to diabetes in Poland in 2019 and identify factors associated with the risk of in-hospital death and prolonged hospitalization. Material/Methods: Data on all patients hospitalized due to diabetes in Poland in 2019 were taken from hospital discharge records collected by the National Institute of Public Health, Warsaw, Poland. The presence of comorbidities, in-hospital mortality rate, and duration of hospitalization were analyzed separately for type 1 and type 2 diabetes. Results: In 2019, a total of 28 617 patients were admitted to the hospital due to type 1 diabetes and 38 138 patients due to type 2 diabetes. The prevalence of comorbidities was 55.2% among patients with type 1 diabetes and 78.9% among those with type 2 diabetes. The in-hospital mortality rates were 2.1% and 3.3%, respectively. For emergency admissions, the in-hospital mortality rate was 4.0% and 4.5%, respectively. Over 30% of patients were hospitalized for more than 7 days. Older age and respiratory diseases were the most critical factors associated with higher risk of in-hospital death in patients with type 1 or type 2 diabetes (P<0.001). Male sex, age, and presence of at least 1 comorbidity were associated (P<0.001) with a higher risk of prolonged hospitalization. Conclusions: Effective management of respiratory diseases in patients hospitalized due to diabetes, especially those admitted in an emergency, seems crucial to reduce the risk of in-hospital death.
International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health
Diabetes is one of the most common chronic diseases worldwide. The study aimed to present an epid... more Diabetes is one of the most common chronic diseases worldwide. The study aimed to present an epidemiological analysis of hospitalization related to diabetes mellitus in Poland between 2014 and 2020 as well as to analyze changes in diabetes-related hospital admissions before and during the COVID-19 pandemic. This study is a retrospective analysis of the national registry dataset of hospital discharge reports on diabetes-related hospitalizations in Poland between 2014 and 2020. The number of diabetes-related hospitalizations varied from 76,220 in 2016 to 45,159 in 2020. The hospitalization rate per 100,000 has decreased from 74.6 in 2019 to 53.0 in 2020 among patients with type 1 diabetes (percentage change: −28.9%). An even greater drop was observed among patients with type 2 diabetes: from 99.4 in 2019 to 61.6 in 2020 (percentage change: −38%). Both among patients with type 1 and type 2 diabetes, a decrease in hospitalization rate was higher among females than males (−31.6% vs. −26....
International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health
Type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1D) is, next to obesity and asthma, the most common chronic disease in... more Type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1D) is, next to obesity and asthma, the most common chronic disease in children in Poland. The results of T1D treatment strongly depend on the patient’s compliance with therapeutic recommendations, which entails the use of necessary health services. Based on a retrospective analysis of the data on health services provided in 2016–2020 to over 15.5 thousand patients with T1D in Poland, we assessed the compliance of the actual model of treatment of T1D in children with the current guidelines. It was found that only about 50% of patients received the number of diabetes consultations corresponding to the recognized standards, with about 15% of children with T1D remaining outside the public healthcare system. In the case of many outpatient services (ophthalmological, neurological, mental health), the number of consultations was extremely low—one order of magnitude lower than in general population and dropped even lower in 2020. This shows that the health needs ...
International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 2021
Type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1D) is, next to obesity and asthma, the most common chronic disease in... more Type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1D) is, next to obesity and asthma, the most common chronic disease in children in Poland. T1D is not only a medical challenge, but it also affects all areas of a sick child’s life and family functionality. New forms of therapy facilitate the daily management of the disease, but their availability is limited and partly dependent on socioeconomic status. This study aimed to assess the incidence and interrelationships between the child’s health condition and the applied therapy model, and selected aspects of the child’s family functionality and access to health and care services. The survey involved 206 child and youth caregivers with T1D who are members of Facebook support groups. The analysis of the obtained results revealed the existence of links between family income level and the type of insulin therapy applied. Children from families with a better financial situation (subjective and objective) were more likely to have additional medical consultations a...
Wewnętrzne i zewnętrzne czynniki skutecznej realizacji "Narodowego programu zdrowia" Internal and... more Wewnętrzne i zewnętrzne czynniki skutecznej realizacji "Narodowego programu zdrowia" Internal and external factors determining effective implementation of the National Health Programme: This article explores various factors that affect implementation of the Polish health strategy, namely National Health Programme (NHP). On the basis of the concept of the Health Policy Triangle, the authors identify several factors of effective implementation of the NHP for the years 2016-2020 under the current legislation and organisational conditions. Those factors are divided into two groups: internal (dependant on NHP policy document) and external ones (related to legal and organisational context of programme's implementation). Next, each factor is briefly characterised to provide some general guidance for the NHP for the next period. The final part of the article contain a list of proposed actions and decisions to be taken in order to ensure higher effectiveness of the next NHP.
IntroductionRegular monitoring of public awareness of diabetes is necessary to provide effective ... more IntroductionRegular monitoring of public awareness of diabetes is necessary to provide effective educational and preventive strategies. This study aimed to assess (1) public knowledge and awareness of diabetes among adults in Poland, as well as (2) to identify sociodemographic factors associated with public awareness of diabetes.MethodsThis cross-sectional survey was carried out between 24 and 27 June 2022, on a non-probability random quota sample of 1,051 adults in Poland. The questionnaire included ten questions related to the awareness of risk factors, symptoms, and complications of diabetes.ResultsAmong the respondents, 10.5% had diabetes and 43.8% declared that they have a history of diabetes in their family. Only 17.3% of respondents declared a good level of knowledge of diabetes. Out of 10 symptoms of diabetes analyzed in this study, high blood sugar (80.7%) and chronic fatigue (74.6%) were the most recognized. Out of 8 diabetes risk factors analyzed in this study, overweight...
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