Non-functional or quality requirements such as usability, integrity and security play a significa... more Non-functional or quality requirements such as usability, integrity and security play a significant part in the success of a software system. Non-functional requirements have more impact on software systems than the functional requirements. In the early phase of requirements engineering, the various design options for the functional behaviour (also known as the goal) of a software system are analysed and the perfect ones are chosen. In the goal analysis process, the goals that contribute to the maximum satisfaction of the non-functional requirements (also known as the softgoals) have to be selected. Whilst there have been a number of approaches for goal analysis, this paper focuses on the softgoals based optimisation model to select goals for a given i* framework. This paper presents a multi-objective goal programming optimisation model to guide the goal analysis. A simulation for this approach was developed in Java Eclipse integrated with the IBM Cplex optimisation tool and evaluated with goal models such as Telemedicine, and Kids Youth counseling which were taken from the Requirements Engineering (RE) literature. The results of the evaluation show that the proposed optimal goal model approach is beneficial in the decision making of functional goals.
In the software development cycle, requirements engineering plays a major role in the success of ... more In the software development cycle, requirements engineering plays a major role in the success of a software system. In early requirement engineering, various alternative design options for software are explored and the best ones are selected. The requirements analyst uses goal models to analyse different design alternatives. Goal models like the i*, and Tropos include inter-actor dependencies where an actor depends on other actors for its goal accomplishment. However, goal models like NonFunctional Requirements(NFR), Knowledge Acquisition in Automated Space (KAOS) do not include these type of inter-actor dependencies. Whilst there have been a number of both qualitative and quantitative proposed approaches to analysing goal models without using inter-actor dependency, this paper presents an approach to the automate analysis of goals using inter-actor dependencies and fuzzy concepts. A simulation for the proposed approach was developed in Visual C++ and was evaluated with case studies...
Extant project management literature suggests that project benefits management (PBM) can facilita... more Extant project management literature suggests that project benefits management (PBM) can facilitate social sustainability (SS) through benefits formulation for a wider set of project stakeholders. However, empirical evidence regarding the actual extent of SS considerations in benefits formulation is lacking, especially from large developing economies like India. To fill this gap, a SS-centric analysis of PBM plans of 80 construction projects has been conducted using content analysis to identify the benefits targeted at the internal and external stakeholders, viz., workers and project-affected community. The analysis reveals much higher occurrences of benefits for the affected community compared to those relating to the workers. The project proponents have highlighted the social relevance of projects mostly through ‘trickle down benefits’ – that may possibly accrue to the affected communities due to project investment – as compared to ‘co-created benefits’ – that empower the affected...
Knowledge Management Research & Practice, 2019
This paper proposes that knowledge sharing (KS) decisions taken by firms in supply chains (SCs) a... more This paper proposes that knowledge sharing (KS) decisions taken by firms in supply chains (SCs) are determined by the strategic interactions among the firms, which are, in turn, a function of the product profile and the structural aspects of the SCs. A set of ten parameters that characterise the KS environment in SCs have been identified by synthesising insights from the literature. A conceptual model, integrating the strategic parameters and their interactions with each other, has been developed in the form of an interaction diagram and a concept map. Interesting linkages between (a) knowledge complementarity and SC structure, (b) product profile and KS rates, and (c) knowledge characteristics, knowledge reuse, and SC redesign, all hitherto unreported, have been identified. Future research directions on the role of third-party aggregators as a KS driver are pointed out.
Sustainability integration in the management of construction projects: a morphological analysis o... more Sustainability integration in the management of construction projects: a morphological analysis of over two decades' research literature
Purpose The purpose of this paper is to contribute to transformative service research by drawing ... more Purpose The purpose of this paper is to contribute to transformative service research by drawing on self-determination, elicitation of emotions framework and feelings-as-information theories to explore how customer participation, task-related affective well-being, customer knowledge, task complexity and service outcomes relate with each other. Design/methodology/approach A synthesis of relevant literature on customer participation and customer well-being reveals a conceptual model with 11 testable propositions. Findings The conceptual model shows that task-related affective well-being mediates the link between customer participation and service outcomes. Moreover, customer knowledge and task complexity moderate these links. Research limitations/implications An empirically testable conceptual model models the roles of task-related affective well-being, customer knowledge and task complexity in the process by which customer participation influences service outcomes. Practical implicat...
In a remanufacturing process within the closed loop supply chain (CLSC) the manufacturers collect... more In a remanufacturing process within the closed loop supply chain (CLSC) the manufacturers collect the end of life or used products from the customers and repair/refurbish them to sell it along with newly manufactured products. This phenomenon is common for products which are mechanical in nature and contains more reuse value. The reverse supply chain part of acquiring the used products incurs acquisition cost and remanufacturing cost, which depends on the quality or grade of returned product. Generally, the remanufacturers pay higher acquisition prices for good quality returned products and lower acquisition prices for poor quality returned products. Also, the remanufacturing cost is a decreasing function of the quality of the returned products. But if the returned product can be refurbished and remanufactured in the corresponding stage of supply chain, it can be sold along with newly manufactured product. Inclusion of remanufactured products will reduce the demand of raw materials or sub components required from suppliers. This reduction in this cost may be transferred in the form of price of the product charged to the customer in forward supply chain. With this backdrop, a non-linear unconstrained model is proposed with the objective of maximizing closed-loop supply chain (including remanufactured products) profitability considering a price dependent demand. The decision variables to be determined are sale price, acquisition prices for stages, total return percentage to be accepted and their distribution. Some interesting insights can be drawn to analyze whether there will be price difference in CLSC arrangements compared to only forward supply chain without considering remanufactured products. A numerical example along with sensitivity analyses at the end gives the insights regarding circumstances under which CLSC operation is really profitable vis-à-vis FSC operation only.
Purpose The purpose of this paper is to provide strategic recommendations for Indian hotel admini... more Purpose The purpose of this paper is to provide strategic recommendations for Indian hotel administrators for improving sustainability practices: environment, economic and social with respect to the supply chain members by analyzing performance dimensions and the importance attached to them. Design/methodology/approach Importance performance analysis is a tool to analyze the perception of top-level, middle-level and first-level managers in hotels. Questionnaire is developed to collect the hotel manager’s perceptions. The snowball sampling method is used for data collection. Findings The paper introduces specific sustainability practices, namely, environment, economic and social factors, at the interface of the tourism supply chain (TSC). This will allow the hotels to identify the importance and performance of various sustainability practices to achieve a long-term competitive advantage. The present work finds that the responding hotel managers have given highest importance to the su...
This is a PDF file of an unedited manuscript that has been accepted for publication. As a service... more This is a PDF file of an unedited manuscript that has been accepted for publication. As a service to our customers we are providing this early version of the manuscript. The manuscript will undergo copyediting, typesetting, and review of the resulting proof before it is published in its final form. Please note that during the production process errors may be discovered which could affect the content, and all legal disclaimers that apply to the journal pertain. Highlights • An integrated profit function has developed for two-echelon supply chain with two-level trade credits.
Wastage in the perishable fresh produce fruits and vegetables supply chain from harvesting stage ... more Wastage in the perishable fresh produce fruits and vegetables supply chain from harvesting stage till it reaches the consumer is very high in emerging markets like India. Studies are inadequate in analysing the causal factors of food losses in this context. This study intends to identify the causes of food wastage, as well as the driving power and dependence of these causes and to analyse the interactions among them. This work proposes to use fuzzy MICMAC and total interpretive structural modeling (TISM) based approach which is a novel effort in this sector, to study the interactions. Based on review of literature and brainstorming among experts in the food industry and academia, this study identified 16 variables as the super-set of causal factors of food wastage which can represent all other causes within them. It is found that the lack of scientific methods in harvesting and a large number of intermediaries in the chain have high driving power and can be considered as the root causes of the food losses. This work categorises the causes into several levels that give an idea regarding the cause which needs more attention than others. Thereby it provides practical insights into how to improve efficiency, competitiveness, and profitability of the food supply chains. For a developing country like India, in addition to the economy, it can have greater implications on food security and conservation of environment resources. This work can be utilized by supply chain designers, managers, and policy makers.
International Journal of Logistics Research and Applications, 2016
Transportation and distribution are key elements to successful supply chains, however there is so... more Transportation and distribution are key elements to successful supply chains, however there is some disagreement regarding the impact of distribution and transportation restructuring on costs and the environment. This paper explores the use of an optimisation model of Thailand's rubber industry supply chain, to assess the impact of distribution and transportation on costs and greenhouse gas emissions. It has previously been observed that there is a positive correlation between transportation cost reduction and environmental impact, nevertheless the correlation is not clearly established when the distribution system is restructured. This paper is divided into two parts: the first part examines the impact of transportation service capacity on distribution decisions; the second part of the paper aims to examine the impact of restructuring the distribution network considering multi-modal options on cost and greenhouse gas emissions. For both parts a scenario analysis is utilised in conjunction with an optimisation model to derive the best possible answer in terms of costs and GHG emissions. In this paper, the results obtained indicate that the impact on cost minimisation from the increase in rail freight service capacity is marginal, while the impact on GHG emission minimisation is more significant. In terms of short-sea shipping prices and service capacity, the scenario analysis shows a slight positive impact on cost minimisation but no positive or negative impact on GHG emission minimisation. Results also confirm that in terms of economic advantages, distribution network restructuring provides greater benefit to the industry than does capacity development for the transportation service.
Requirement analysis involves elicitation of suitable functions or operations and relevant data t... more Requirement analysis involves elicitation of suitable functions or operations and relevant data to support software. A requirement analyst examines different alternative options to decide on an optimal alternative option that benefits the stakeholders of the system. The decision making of alternative design option is complicated by the unavailable or incomplete and imprecise input data. Optimisation, an operation research technique, can be used as a method to solve this problem. The goal-oriented framework, such as i* is used to present social models for the analysis of a software system during the early phase of the requirement's engineering process. This paper aims to develop an optimisation model for the i* goal models, using multi-objective optimisation. The optimisation model aims to fully automate the goal analysis and to handle large goal models. A simulation for the proposed approach was developed by integrating Visual C++ with Matlab and was evaluated with case studies from the existing literature. The evaluation results show that the proposed approach is feasible and offers guidance in the decision making of alternative options.
International Journal of Disaster Risk Reduction, 2015
In the wake of disaster, several organizations work for the welfare of the disaster victims, alth... more In the wake of disaster, several organizations work for the welfare of the disaster victims, although lack of coordination among them hampers the performance of relief operations. This study sets out to explore and prioritize the coordination barriers in the humanitarian supply chain management (HSCM), particularly in the Indian context to enhance the performance of relief operations. The study is divided into three phases. Initially, barriers to coordination were identified through an extensive literature review, allied to brainstorming sessions with experts. These were then grouped into 5 categories, i.e. management barriers, technological barriers, cultural barriers, people barriers and organizational barriers. Secondly, a survey questionnaire was designed, tested and refined to incorporate the views of the managers involved in the relief operations of the disaster that occurred in the Uttarakhand (a Northern state in India) on June 14, 2013 in order to empirically verify the barriers to coordination. Finally, barriers were prioritized on the basis of their severity using fuzzy analytic hierarchy process (F-AHP) which considers the uncertainty of the data and impreciseness rather than crisp value. The results indicate that lack of top management commitment, improper organizational structure to create and share knowledge and lack of policy for coordination are the major barriers. These are the areas that need to be handled first in order to remove coordination barriers. The findings of the study throw some new light on the coordination issues in HSCM and provide a more effective, efficient, robust and systematic way to overcome coordination barriers.
International Journal of Operational Research, 2013
This paper considers a two-echelon supply chain (SC) trading short life-cycle products whose prod... more This paper considers a two-echelon supply chain (SC) trading short life-cycle products whose production/delivery lead-times are longer than the selling season. We investigate the conventional single period inventory model and introduce the concept of splitting a single order into two orderings. The proposed split ordering model is compared with the case of single ordering in two scenarios: (1) decentralised case, where the SC members operate independently and (2) centralised case, where the SC members work together as a single system. The objective of this paper is to maximise the total expected profit and to reduce the risk of carrying inventory of short life-cycle products. We construct a dynamic programming model to determine optimal order quantity for the second period ordering, which considers leftover units and unmet demand in the first period to revise the order quantity in the second period. The proposed split ordering model considers ordering once ahead of the selling season and hence an additional setup cost is not incurred for the second replenishment. Results that are taken using commercial software Mathematica 7 confirm better results over the current studies. Further, the proposed model is experimented for different demand distribution.
Purpose: The purpose of this paper is to describe a decision support tool based on various types ... more Purpose: The purpose of this paper is to describe a decision support tool based on various types of contracts in a two-level supply chain. A supply chain (SC) consists of disparate but interdependent members, dependent on each other to manage various resources (inventory, money and information). The conflicting objectives between these members may cause uncertainties in supply and demand, which
International Journal of Logistics Systems and Management, 2006
Int. J. Logistics Systems and Management, Vol. 2, No. 4, 2006 ... A graph theoretic approach for ... more Int. J. Logistics Systems and Management, Vol. 2, No. 4, 2006 ... A graph theoretic approach for supply chain coordination ... Arshinder Kaur, Arun Kanda and SG Deshmukh* ... Department of Mechanical Engineering IIT Delhi, Hauz Khas New Delhi-110016, India E-mail: ...
International Journal of Logistics Systems and Management, 2014
External returns could be in the form of warranty, line returns, obsolescence and end of life in ... more External returns could be in the form of warranty, line returns, obsolescence and end of life in a manufacturing system. Internal returns are process rejections in the new product manufacturing line. External return, which is a fraction of the new product manufactured, is acquired from customers/third parties and processed in reverse supply chain repair centre only whereas internal returns could be repaired either in the manufacturing line or remanufacturing line. This study deals with joint decisions on pricing, internal and or external returns percentage to maximise profitability in a single stage closed-loop manufacturing-remanufacturing system for different combinations of internal and external returns flows. Results show that a model with zero manufacturing defects gives maximum profit and the one with both internal and external returns processed in the same repairing centre gives the next best solution.
A single period multistage closed loop supply chain (CLSC) is presented here considering simultan... more A single period multistage closed loop supply chain (CLSC) is presented here considering simultaneous manufacturing of new products and remanufacturing of customer returned used products. The quantity of used products in reverse supply chain considered in the model is a fraction of the new products manufactured in the forward supply chain. Used products of known quantity are pulled from end customers as per quality grades. Products are assumed to be mechanical in nature and remanufacturer has to pay different acquisition prices for different quality grades of return. The groups of graded products based on the acquisition prices are thus sorted and sent to stages of CLSC earmarked for them as per demand for repairing/recycling of raw materials. After repairing/refurbishing and recycling at each stage of reverse supply chain the used parts/products become part of forward supply chain. In this paper, a nonlinear maximizing profitability function for CLSC has been formulated for the system with a price dependent demand for n-stages. The decision variables are selling price of product and percentage return of graded used products entering into different stages. A numerical example for a three stage model illustrates the method followed by managerial insight.
Non-functional or quality requirements such as usability, integrity and security play a significa... more Non-functional or quality requirements such as usability, integrity and security play a significant part in the success of a software system. Non-functional requirements have more impact on software systems than the functional requirements. In the early phase of requirements engineering, the various design options for the functional behaviour (also known as the goal) of a software system are analysed and the perfect ones are chosen. In the goal analysis process, the goals that contribute to the maximum satisfaction of the non-functional requirements (also known as the softgoals) have to be selected. Whilst there have been a number of approaches for goal analysis, this paper focuses on the softgoals based optimisation model to select goals for a given i* framework. This paper presents a multi-objective goal programming optimisation model to guide the goal analysis. A simulation for this approach was developed in Java Eclipse integrated with the IBM Cplex optimisation tool and evaluated with goal models such as Telemedicine, and Kids Youth counseling which were taken from the Requirements Engineering (RE) literature. The results of the evaluation show that the proposed optimal goal model approach is beneficial in the decision making of functional goals.
In the software development cycle, requirements engineering plays a major role in the success of ... more In the software development cycle, requirements engineering plays a major role in the success of a software system. In early requirement engineering, various alternative design options for software are explored and the best ones are selected. The requirements analyst uses goal models to analyse different design alternatives. Goal models like the i*, and Tropos include inter-actor dependencies where an actor depends on other actors for its goal accomplishment. However, goal models like NonFunctional Requirements(NFR), Knowledge Acquisition in Automated Space (KAOS) do not include these type of inter-actor dependencies. Whilst there have been a number of both qualitative and quantitative proposed approaches to analysing goal models without using inter-actor dependency, this paper presents an approach to the automate analysis of goals using inter-actor dependencies and fuzzy concepts. A simulation for the proposed approach was developed in Visual C++ and was evaluated with case studies...
Extant project management literature suggests that project benefits management (PBM) can facilita... more Extant project management literature suggests that project benefits management (PBM) can facilitate social sustainability (SS) through benefits formulation for a wider set of project stakeholders. However, empirical evidence regarding the actual extent of SS considerations in benefits formulation is lacking, especially from large developing economies like India. To fill this gap, a SS-centric analysis of PBM plans of 80 construction projects has been conducted using content analysis to identify the benefits targeted at the internal and external stakeholders, viz., workers and project-affected community. The analysis reveals much higher occurrences of benefits for the affected community compared to those relating to the workers. The project proponents have highlighted the social relevance of projects mostly through ‘trickle down benefits’ – that may possibly accrue to the affected communities due to project investment – as compared to ‘co-created benefits’ – that empower the affected...
Knowledge Management Research & Practice, 2019
This paper proposes that knowledge sharing (KS) decisions taken by firms in supply chains (SCs) a... more This paper proposes that knowledge sharing (KS) decisions taken by firms in supply chains (SCs) are determined by the strategic interactions among the firms, which are, in turn, a function of the product profile and the structural aspects of the SCs. A set of ten parameters that characterise the KS environment in SCs have been identified by synthesising insights from the literature. A conceptual model, integrating the strategic parameters and their interactions with each other, has been developed in the form of an interaction diagram and a concept map. Interesting linkages between (a) knowledge complementarity and SC structure, (b) product profile and KS rates, and (c) knowledge characteristics, knowledge reuse, and SC redesign, all hitherto unreported, have been identified. Future research directions on the role of third-party aggregators as a KS driver are pointed out.
Sustainability integration in the management of construction projects: a morphological analysis o... more Sustainability integration in the management of construction projects: a morphological analysis of over two decades' research literature
Purpose The purpose of this paper is to contribute to transformative service research by drawing ... more Purpose The purpose of this paper is to contribute to transformative service research by drawing on self-determination, elicitation of emotions framework and feelings-as-information theories to explore how customer participation, task-related affective well-being, customer knowledge, task complexity and service outcomes relate with each other. Design/methodology/approach A synthesis of relevant literature on customer participation and customer well-being reveals a conceptual model with 11 testable propositions. Findings The conceptual model shows that task-related affective well-being mediates the link between customer participation and service outcomes. Moreover, customer knowledge and task complexity moderate these links. Research limitations/implications An empirically testable conceptual model models the roles of task-related affective well-being, customer knowledge and task complexity in the process by which customer participation influences service outcomes. Practical implicat...
In a remanufacturing process within the closed loop supply chain (CLSC) the manufacturers collect... more In a remanufacturing process within the closed loop supply chain (CLSC) the manufacturers collect the end of life or used products from the customers and repair/refurbish them to sell it along with newly manufactured products. This phenomenon is common for products which are mechanical in nature and contains more reuse value. The reverse supply chain part of acquiring the used products incurs acquisition cost and remanufacturing cost, which depends on the quality or grade of returned product. Generally, the remanufacturers pay higher acquisition prices for good quality returned products and lower acquisition prices for poor quality returned products. Also, the remanufacturing cost is a decreasing function of the quality of the returned products. But if the returned product can be refurbished and remanufactured in the corresponding stage of supply chain, it can be sold along with newly manufactured product. Inclusion of remanufactured products will reduce the demand of raw materials or sub components required from suppliers. This reduction in this cost may be transferred in the form of price of the product charged to the customer in forward supply chain. With this backdrop, a non-linear unconstrained model is proposed with the objective of maximizing closed-loop supply chain (including remanufactured products) profitability considering a price dependent demand. The decision variables to be determined are sale price, acquisition prices for stages, total return percentage to be accepted and their distribution. Some interesting insights can be drawn to analyze whether there will be price difference in CLSC arrangements compared to only forward supply chain without considering remanufactured products. A numerical example along with sensitivity analyses at the end gives the insights regarding circumstances under which CLSC operation is really profitable vis-à-vis FSC operation only.
Purpose The purpose of this paper is to provide strategic recommendations for Indian hotel admini... more Purpose The purpose of this paper is to provide strategic recommendations for Indian hotel administrators for improving sustainability practices: environment, economic and social with respect to the supply chain members by analyzing performance dimensions and the importance attached to them. Design/methodology/approach Importance performance analysis is a tool to analyze the perception of top-level, middle-level and first-level managers in hotels. Questionnaire is developed to collect the hotel manager’s perceptions. The snowball sampling method is used for data collection. Findings The paper introduces specific sustainability practices, namely, environment, economic and social factors, at the interface of the tourism supply chain (TSC). This will allow the hotels to identify the importance and performance of various sustainability practices to achieve a long-term competitive advantage. The present work finds that the responding hotel managers have given highest importance to the su...
This is a PDF file of an unedited manuscript that has been accepted for publication. As a service... more This is a PDF file of an unedited manuscript that has been accepted for publication. As a service to our customers we are providing this early version of the manuscript. The manuscript will undergo copyediting, typesetting, and review of the resulting proof before it is published in its final form. Please note that during the production process errors may be discovered which could affect the content, and all legal disclaimers that apply to the journal pertain. Highlights • An integrated profit function has developed for two-echelon supply chain with two-level trade credits.
Wastage in the perishable fresh produce fruits and vegetables supply chain from harvesting stage ... more Wastage in the perishable fresh produce fruits and vegetables supply chain from harvesting stage till it reaches the consumer is very high in emerging markets like India. Studies are inadequate in analysing the causal factors of food losses in this context. This study intends to identify the causes of food wastage, as well as the driving power and dependence of these causes and to analyse the interactions among them. This work proposes to use fuzzy MICMAC and total interpretive structural modeling (TISM) based approach which is a novel effort in this sector, to study the interactions. Based on review of literature and brainstorming among experts in the food industry and academia, this study identified 16 variables as the super-set of causal factors of food wastage which can represent all other causes within them. It is found that the lack of scientific methods in harvesting and a large number of intermediaries in the chain have high driving power and can be considered as the root causes of the food losses. This work categorises the causes into several levels that give an idea regarding the cause which needs more attention than others. Thereby it provides practical insights into how to improve efficiency, competitiveness, and profitability of the food supply chains. For a developing country like India, in addition to the economy, it can have greater implications on food security and conservation of environment resources. This work can be utilized by supply chain designers, managers, and policy makers.
International Journal of Logistics Research and Applications, 2016
Transportation and distribution are key elements to successful supply chains, however there is so... more Transportation and distribution are key elements to successful supply chains, however there is some disagreement regarding the impact of distribution and transportation restructuring on costs and the environment. This paper explores the use of an optimisation model of Thailand's rubber industry supply chain, to assess the impact of distribution and transportation on costs and greenhouse gas emissions. It has previously been observed that there is a positive correlation between transportation cost reduction and environmental impact, nevertheless the correlation is not clearly established when the distribution system is restructured. This paper is divided into two parts: the first part examines the impact of transportation service capacity on distribution decisions; the second part of the paper aims to examine the impact of restructuring the distribution network considering multi-modal options on cost and greenhouse gas emissions. For both parts a scenario analysis is utilised in conjunction with an optimisation model to derive the best possible answer in terms of costs and GHG emissions. In this paper, the results obtained indicate that the impact on cost minimisation from the increase in rail freight service capacity is marginal, while the impact on GHG emission minimisation is more significant. In terms of short-sea shipping prices and service capacity, the scenario analysis shows a slight positive impact on cost minimisation but no positive or negative impact on GHG emission minimisation. Results also confirm that in terms of economic advantages, distribution network restructuring provides greater benefit to the industry than does capacity development for the transportation service.
Requirement analysis involves elicitation of suitable functions or operations and relevant data t... more Requirement analysis involves elicitation of suitable functions or operations and relevant data to support software. A requirement analyst examines different alternative options to decide on an optimal alternative option that benefits the stakeholders of the system. The decision making of alternative design option is complicated by the unavailable or incomplete and imprecise input data. Optimisation, an operation research technique, can be used as a method to solve this problem. The goal-oriented framework, such as i* is used to present social models for the analysis of a software system during the early phase of the requirement's engineering process. This paper aims to develop an optimisation model for the i* goal models, using multi-objective optimisation. The optimisation model aims to fully automate the goal analysis and to handle large goal models. A simulation for the proposed approach was developed by integrating Visual C++ with Matlab and was evaluated with case studies from the existing literature. The evaluation results show that the proposed approach is feasible and offers guidance in the decision making of alternative options.
International Journal of Disaster Risk Reduction, 2015
In the wake of disaster, several organizations work for the welfare of the disaster victims, alth... more In the wake of disaster, several organizations work for the welfare of the disaster victims, although lack of coordination among them hampers the performance of relief operations. This study sets out to explore and prioritize the coordination barriers in the humanitarian supply chain management (HSCM), particularly in the Indian context to enhance the performance of relief operations. The study is divided into three phases. Initially, barriers to coordination were identified through an extensive literature review, allied to brainstorming sessions with experts. These were then grouped into 5 categories, i.e. management barriers, technological barriers, cultural barriers, people barriers and organizational barriers. Secondly, a survey questionnaire was designed, tested and refined to incorporate the views of the managers involved in the relief operations of the disaster that occurred in the Uttarakhand (a Northern state in India) on June 14, 2013 in order to empirically verify the barriers to coordination. Finally, barriers were prioritized on the basis of their severity using fuzzy analytic hierarchy process (F-AHP) which considers the uncertainty of the data and impreciseness rather than crisp value. The results indicate that lack of top management commitment, improper organizational structure to create and share knowledge and lack of policy for coordination are the major barriers. These are the areas that need to be handled first in order to remove coordination barriers. The findings of the study throw some new light on the coordination issues in HSCM and provide a more effective, efficient, robust and systematic way to overcome coordination barriers.
International Journal of Operational Research, 2013
This paper considers a two-echelon supply chain (SC) trading short life-cycle products whose prod... more This paper considers a two-echelon supply chain (SC) trading short life-cycle products whose production/delivery lead-times are longer than the selling season. We investigate the conventional single period inventory model and introduce the concept of splitting a single order into two orderings. The proposed split ordering model is compared with the case of single ordering in two scenarios: (1) decentralised case, where the SC members operate independently and (2) centralised case, where the SC members work together as a single system. The objective of this paper is to maximise the total expected profit and to reduce the risk of carrying inventory of short life-cycle products. We construct a dynamic programming model to determine optimal order quantity for the second period ordering, which considers leftover units and unmet demand in the first period to revise the order quantity in the second period. The proposed split ordering model considers ordering once ahead of the selling season and hence an additional setup cost is not incurred for the second replenishment. Results that are taken using commercial software Mathematica 7 confirm better results over the current studies. Further, the proposed model is experimented for different demand distribution.
Purpose: The purpose of this paper is to describe a decision support tool based on various types ... more Purpose: The purpose of this paper is to describe a decision support tool based on various types of contracts in a two-level supply chain. A supply chain (SC) consists of disparate but interdependent members, dependent on each other to manage various resources (inventory, money and information). The conflicting objectives between these members may cause uncertainties in supply and demand, which
International Journal of Logistics Systems and Management, 2006
Int. J. Logistics Systems and Management, Vol. 2, No. 4, 2006 ... A graph theoretic approach for ... more Int. J. Logistics Systems and Management, Vol. 2, No. 4, 2006 ... A graph theoretic approach for supply chain coordination ... Arshinder Kaur, Arun Kanda and SG Deshmukh* ... Department of Mechanical Engineering IIT Delhi, Hauz Khas New Delhi-110016, India E-mail: ...
International Journal of Logistics Systems and Management, 2014
External returns could be in the form of warranty, line returns, obsolescence and end of life in ... more External returns could be in the form of warranty, line returns, obsolescence and end of life in a manufacturing system. Internal returns are process rejections in the new product manufacturing line. External return, which is a fraction of the new product manufactured, is acquired from customers/third parties and processed in reverse supply chain repair centre only whereas internal returns could be repaired either in the manufacturing line or remanufacturing line. This study deals with joint decisions on pricing, internal and or external returns percentage to maximise profitability in a single stage closed-loop manufacturing-remanufacturing system for different combinations of internal and external returns flows. Results show that a model with zero manufacturing defects gives maximum profit and the one with both internal and external returns processed in the same repairing centre gives the next best solution.
A single period multistage closed loop supply chain (CLSC) is presented here considering simultan... more A single period multistage closed loop supply chain (CLSC) is presented here considering simultaneous manufacturing of new products and remanufacturing of customer returned used products. The quantity of used products in reverse supply chain considered in the model is a fraction of the new products manufactured in the forward supply chain. Used products of known quantity are pulled from end customers as per quality grades. Products are assumed to be mechanical in nature and remanufacturer has to pay different acquisition prices for different quality grades of return. The groups of graded products based on the acquisition prices are thus sorted and sent to stages of CLSC earmarked for them as per demand for repairing/recycling of raw materials. After repairing/refurbishing and recycling at each stage of reverse supply chain the used parts/products become part of forward supply chain. In this paper, a nonlinear maximizing profitability function for CLSC has been formulated for the system with a price dependent demand for n-stages. The decision variables are selling price of product and percentage return of graded used products entering into different stages. A numerical example for a three stage model illustrates the method followed by managerial insight.
Uploads
Papers by Arshinder Kaur