Plant and animal fibers are getting recognition from researchers and academicians as a potential ... more Plant and animal fibers are getting recognition from researchers and academicians as a potential reinforcement for polymer composites due to their ecofriendly nature and sustainability. In the present study, the fabrication has been carried out on Jute and Vetiver fiber reinforced Epoxy composites using hand lay-up technique with a varying mass of the fibers in epoxy and matrix modifier graphite which has been fixed by weight. The mechanical (tensile, flexural and hardness test), and physical properties (water absorption [WA] and moisture content behavior) of developed composites are determined. The results obtained from performed test show that tensile strength of around 212.96 MPa was achieved for 6 wt% of Vetiver, the flexural strength of around 266.267 MPa, and the Rockwell hardness is 70.08. The WA is found maximum for Vetiver, and Jute fiber reinforced epoxy composite in the sample with 8% Vetiver and 22% of Jute fiber of composite. Scanning Electron Microscopy micrographs cle...
The need to develop radar absorbing materials (RAMs) that meet the structural requirement of defe... more The need to develop radar absorbing materials (RAMs) that meet the structural requirement of defense applications is growing swiftly, due to the extensive use of electromagnetic waves in Radar. With the major developments and extensive use of Radar in military applications, the role of Radar absorbing, light weight and high strength structures has become a prime objective for researcher working on the development of RAMs. Various composites have been developed by using reinforcements which are dielectric, such as carbon nanotubes (CNT), magnetic materials like ferrites, that have been extensively used for reinforcement when developing RAMs. Ferromagnetic materials have a high density and can only achieve a narrow bandwidth of absorption. CNT have very good electrical, mechanical and thermal properties and can achieve high dielectric losses but their complex synthesis process is a barrier to commercial applications. Research on reinforcing multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNT) with f...
Composites are being used in the place of metals in many industries as they have a lower density ... more Composites are being used in the place of metals in many industries as they have a lower density and are cheaper than metals. In aerospace industries there is requirement for light weight together with strength, and reinforced fibre composites are superior in some critical properties compared with metals. In this study, laminated composites were fabricated with woven E-glass and jute fibres in an epoxy matrix by a hand layup method. The samples were prepared as per the relevant the America Society for Testing ad Materials (ASTM) standard and tested for mode II interlaminar fracture toughness to investigate delamination resistance. Mode II interlaminar fracture toughness was evaluated by an end-notched flexure test using three-point bending. The fracture toughness G IIC was calculated for a curing temperature range from 40 °C to 70 °C at intervals of 5 °C for different sets of laminated composites. The investigations revealed that when the curing temperature of laminated composites w...
A better understanding of material deformation behaviours with changes in size is crucial to the ... more A better understanding of material deformation behaviours with changes in size is crucial to the design and operation of metal microforming processes. In order to facilitate the investigation of size effects, material deformation behaviours needed to be determined directly from material characterizations. This study was aimed at the design and manufacture of a compact universal testing machine (UTM) compatible with a 3D laser-confocal microscope to observe the deformation behaviour of materials in real-time. In this study, uniaxial micro tensile testing was conducted on three different thin (0.05 mm, 0.1 mm, and 0.3 mm) copper specimens with characteristic dimensions at micro scales. Micro tensile experimental runs were carried out on copper specimens with varying grain sizes on the newly developed apparatus under a 3D laser-confocal microscope. Microscale experiments under 3D laser-confocal microscope provided not only a method to observe the microstructure of materials, but also a...
The present environmental condition indicates the immediate need for sustainable materials contai... more The present environmental condition indicates the immediate need for sustainable materials containing mainly natural elements for composite fabrication. Encouragement of natural fibers in composite materials can significantly reduce the greenhouse effect and the high cost of manufacturing synthetic fiber-based polymer composites. Hence, this study aimed to investigate the physio-mechanical properties of banana fiber (BF) fiber -based epoxy (EP) composites filled with walnut shell powder (WNP). Fabrication was carried out by mixing and cold pressing with fixed BF proportion and varying percentages of WNP (0%, 5%, 10%, 15 wt. %). The results obtained in the study suggest the mechanical properties of the BF/EP composite were enhanced with the addition of WNP as a filler. This is because the WNP filler occupies the spaces in the composite, which bridge the gaps between the banana fibers and the epoxy matrix; also, the inclusion of walnut powder in the BF/EP composites greatly enhanced t...
Kaizen is a mixture of two Japanese words which together mean "good change" or "im... more Kaizen is a mixture of two Japanese words which together mean "good change" or "improvement," but it has come to mean "continuous improvement" because of its link with lean systems. Kaizen is harmonizing to Six Sigma. It is a continuous improvement of process, and it is often considered to be the building block of all lean production methods. The ultimate goal of this paper is to increase efficiency and productivity in Industry, by simplifying system, standardization of the processes, reducing waste and incremental improvements by using latest techniques like Kaizen. Every company wants to succeed in that competitive world. Some small improvements lead to perfection but it is not to be reached even though we try to get as close as possible by it again and again.
This paper deals with the various investigations of austenitic and ferrite stainless steel weldin... more This paper deals with the various investigations of austenitic and ferrite stainless steel welding carried out by the various researchers. Across various industries including chemical, petrochemical and shipbuilding industries, austenitic stainless steel is used. In most sectors, austenitic stainless steel is used, but its cost has a major impact on manufacturers and end users. So for these, the ferrite stainless steel can be used instead of austenitic stainless steel.But the whole replacement of austenitic stainless steel with the ferrite stainless steel is not possible in industries. Therefore welding of austenitic withferrite gives strength and reduces the cost of material.
Friction stir welding is a relatively new &one of the most significant solid-state welding techno... more Friction stir welding is a relatively new &one of the most significant solid-state welding technology used for welding similar and dissimilar materials without fusion or filler content. The process is globally accepted due to output sensitivity in terms ofexposure to elevated temperature, sound welds and comprehensive plastic deformation.FSW has inspired researchers and one of the most advanced topics for joining dissimilar materials. This article presents the Friction Stir set-up for welding (FSW) of AA6061-T6was used for conducting experiments and to further enhancing its mechanical properties.
Biomaterials in Orthopaedics and Bone Regeneration, 2019
In the current chapter, critical review on the development and surface modification of stainless ... more In the current chapter, critical review on the development and surface modification of stainless steel (SS)-based implants for biomedical applications has been presented. In the first phase, the significance and importance of SS-based biomaterial are presented. The technique for the development of porous and solid biomedical implants was discussed in details for their successful applications. The application of powder metallurgy for the development of porous implants was found suitable. The powder metallurgy (PM) route has been most widely used for the development of porous scaffolds, because in this process pore characteristics are easy to control and capability to generate very close to the final shape of the product. The fabrication of porous structure in PM route consists of the first alloying of removable temporary space holders with powder particles then pressureless sintering. In the second phase, a critical review on the in vitro bioactivity analysis of SS-based biomaterial ...
Nowadays researchers are motivated by Environmental issues caused by several synthetic materials.... more Nowadays researchers are motivated by Environmental issues caused by several synthetic materials. These issues carved a path for the studies of natural fibers reinforced polymer composite and an option to have cost effective, light weight, high strength to weight ratio material. The ease in availability and fabrication process have attracted many researchers to use locally available natural resources as filler in composites, and to study their different properties for mechanical applications. Ridge gourd fibers were used at different weight percentages in Polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA) matrix. Fibers were pre-treated with alkaline solution to improve the interfacial adhesion. Tensile, Flexural and Impact behaviour of composites were analysed to study the stress transfer in fiber matrix phase. Optimum tensile strength values of the fabricated composites were found at 10wt% of fiber loading and similar results were obtained for flexural strength. Increment in tensile, flexural and impa...
In this research work, an experimentation has been performed to investigate the water absorption ... more In this research work, an experimentation has been performed to investigate the water absorption and effect of rupture energy of the epoxy composite immersed in different aqueous medium. An attempt has been made to assess the rate of moisture absorption in composite materials. The percentage of moisture absorption in the specimen is observed when they are placed in four different mediums, i.e., normal water, air, half-saturated salt solution, and fully saturated salt solution. In order to check the moisture absorbed, the specimen is taken out after fixed intervals and their weights have been measured. In the beginning, a rough linear increment was observed in the weight gained by the specimens immersed in aqueous mediums. After the initial results, the results obtained were depicting non-Fickian type of moisture absorption behavior. Factors, such as initial swelling of matrix, percentage void content, edge effect, and the mechanical adhesion between fibers and matrix, greatly influenced the behavior of moisture absorption in composite. The diffusivity of the moisture in the specimens kept in air is very low owing to which a negligible change occurs in the weight of specimen immersed in air for the total period of experimentation.
The application of unconventional or composite materials has significantly enhanced and these mat... more The application of unconventional or composite materials has significantly enhanced and these materials now a days constitute more than 25% of the various components used in airline industries like Airbus A380 (25%) and also in Boeing 787 aircrafts (50%), Composite materials show a great potential in not only structural applications but also some engine parts. The rising use of composite materials in the aerospace industry is mainly due to their higher specific strength and better corrosion and fatigue resistance than most metals. The present article discusses on the development of ceramic, metal, and polymer matrix composite materials and also reviewed.
In this investigation, biodegradable composites were fabricated with polycaprolactone (PCL) matri... more In this investigation, biodegradable composites were fabricated with polycaprolactone (PCL) matrix reinforced with pine cone powder (15%, 30%, and 45% by weight) and compatibilized with graphite powder (0%, 5%, 10%, and 15% by weight) in polycaprolactone matrix by compression molding technique. The samples were prepared as per ASTM standard and tested for dimensional stability, biodegradability, and fracture energy with scanning electron micrographs. Water-absorption and thickness-swelling were performed to examine the dimensional stability and tests were performed at 23 °C and 50% humidity. Results revealed that the composites with 15 wt % of pine cone powder (PCP) have shown higher dimensional stability as compared to other composites. Bio-composites containing 15–45 wt % of PCP with low graphite content have shown higher disintegration rate than neat PCL. Fracture energy for crack initiation in bio-composites was increased by 68% with 30% PCP. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) o...
Ultrasonic machining is a processing method typically practiced for processing the highly brittle... more Ultrasonic machining is a processing method typically practiced for processing the highly brittle/hard materials. The proposed research work is attempted at exploring the influence of varying input conditions namely; cobalt %, power rating, thickness of work, different tools, tool geometry, and abrasive size on the infiltration rate in ultrasonic drilling of WC–Co composite through neural modelling. The design of experiments methodology has been practiced for scheming out the experiments. The significant process variables have been acknowledged using variance analysis test which has revealed the abrasive size, power rating, and tool profile as the most influential factors for the infiltration rate. An artificial neural network (ANN) model is suggested to analyze the infiltration rate in USM with striking parameters. Multiple layer feed frontward neural architecture is restrained through error-back propagation-based training algorithm. Predicted results show the effectiveness of the proposed neural structure with maximum error of 6%. The optimized parametric combination for infiltration rate has been revealed as; cobalt- 6%, work thickness- 3 mm, tool- hollow, tool material- nimonic-80A alloy, abrasive size- 200, and power rating- 80%. Microstructure analysis revealed that good edge quality with no appearance of cracks or burr/chipping on the edge of the drilled holes which further ensured the quality level of hole drilling through attempted work.
In today’s world, the management of plastic waste is the biggest environmental challenge. Increas... more In today’s world, the management of plastic waste is the biggest environmental challenge. Increased production of plastic solid waste (PSW) materials like high-density polyethylene (HDPE), nylon, Acrylonitrile butadiene styrene (ABS), polycarbonate (PC), etc., are creating new challenges to researchers and also encouraging new areas of research. Landfilling of PSW is one of the ancient methods of managing the plastic waste but it produces methane gas which causes global warming. So, recycling is the only way to reduce the PSW. This paper explains various separation and recycling techniques for PSW along with different techniques of additive manufacturing (AM) that can accommodate these waste materials to some extent.
Environment is being polluted day by day due to intensive use of synthetic fiber as reinforcement... more Environment is being polluted day by day due to intensive use of synthetic fiber as reinforcement for polymer composite. The researchers, engineers and scientists are showing their interest in natural fiber as reinforcement in place of synthetic fiber due to its green nature. In this work, short sisal fiber reinforced epoxy composites were manufactured by hand lay-up method at 30% wt. of fiber loading and fiber length used was 10 mm. The parameters taken were load, speed and sliding distance. Load was taken as 10, 15, 20, 25 and 30 N, Sliding speed as 1 m/s, 2 m/s and 3 m/s and Sliding distance as 1000 m, 2000 m and 3000 m. The wear properties (specific wear rate and coefficient of friction) of prepared composites are carried out. All tests are performed as per ASTM standard. On increasing the load, sliding velocity and sliding distance, the specific wear rate is found to increase whereas value of coefficient of friction decrease.
Plant and animal fibers are getting recognition from researchers and academicians as a potential ... more Plant and animal fibers are getting recognition from researchers and academicians as a potential reinforcement for polymer composites due to their ecofriendly nature and sustainability. In the present study, the fabrication has been carried out on Jute and Vetiver fiber reinforced Epoxy composites using hand lay-up technique with a varying mass of the fibers in epoxy and matrix modifier graphite which has been fixed by weight. The mechanical (tensile, flexural and hardness test), and physical properties (water absorption [WA] and moisture content behavior) of developed composites are determined. The results obtained from performed test show that tensile strength of around 212.96 MPa was achieved for 6 wt% of Vetiver, the flexural strength of around 266.267 MPa, and the Rockwell hardness is 70.08. The WA is found maximum for Vetiver, and Jute fiber reinforced epoxy composite in the sample with 8% Vetiver and 22% of Jute fiber of composite. Scanning Electron Microscopy micrographs cle...
The need to develop radar absorbing materials (RAMs) that meet the structural requirement of defe... more The need to develop radar absorbing materials (RAMs) that meet the structural requirement of defense applications is growing swiftly, due to the extensive use of electromagnetic waves in Radar. With the major developments and extensive use of Radar in military applications, the role of Radar absorbing, light weight and high strength structures has become a prime objective for researcher working on the development of RAMs. Various composites have been developed by using reinforcements which are dielectric, such as carbon nanotubes (CNT), magnetic materials like ferrites, that have been extensively used for reinforcement when developing RAMs. Ferromagnetic materials have a high density and can only achieve a narrow bandwidth of absorption. CNT have very good electrical, mechanical and thermal properties and can achieve high dielectric losses but their complex synthesis process is a barrier to commercial applications. Research on reinforcing multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNT) with f...
Composites are being used in the place of metals in many industries as they have a lower density ... more Composites are being used in the place of metals in many industries as they have a lower density and are cheaper than metals. In aerospace industries there is requirement for light weight together with strength, and reinforced fibre composites are superior in some critical properties compared with metals. In this study, laminated composites were fabricated with woven E-glass and jute fibres in an epoxy matrix by a hand layup method. The samples were prepared as per the relevant the America Society for Testing ad Materials (ASTM) standard and tested for mode II interlaminar fracture toughness to investigate delamination resistance. Mode II interlaminar fracture toughness was evaluated by an end-notched flexure test using three-point bending. The fracture toughness G IIC was calculated for a curing temperature range from 40 °C to 70 °C at intervals of 5 °C for different sets of laminated composites. The investigations revealed that when the curing temperature of laminated composites w...
A better understanding of material deformation behaviours with changes in size is crucial to the ... more A better understanding of material deformation behaviours with changes in size is crucial to the design and operation of metal microforming processes. In order to facilitate the investigation of size effects, material deformation behaviours needed to be determined directly from material characterizations. This study was aimed at the design and manufacture of a compact universal testing machine (UTM) compatible with a 3D laser-confocal microscope to observe the deformation behaviour of materials in real-time. In this study, uniaxial micro tensile testing was conducted on three different thin (0.05 mm, 0.1 mm, and 0.3 mm) copper specimens with characteristic dimensions at micro scales. Micro tensile experimental runs were carried out on copper specimens with varying grain sizes on the newly developed apparatus under a 3D laser-confocal microscope. Microscale experiments under 3D laser-confocal microscope provided not only a method to observe the microstructure of materials, but also a...
The present environmental condition indicates the immediate need for sustainable materials contai... more The present environmental condition indicates the immediate need for sustainable materials containing mainly natural elements for composite fabrication. Encouragement of natural fibers in composite materials can significantly reduce the greenhouse effect and the high cost of manufacturing synthetic fiber-based polymer composites. Hence, this study aimed to investigate the physio-mechanical properties of banana fiber (BF) fiber -based epoxy (EP) composites filled with walnut shell powder (WNP). Fabrication was carried out by mixing and cold pressing with fixed BF proportion and varying percentages of WNP (0%, 5%, 10%, 15 wt. %). The results obtained in the study suggest the mechanical properties of the BF/EP composite were enhanced with the addition of WNP as a filler. This is because the WNP filler occupies the spaces in the composite, which bridge the gaps between the banana fibers and the epoxy matrix; also, the inclusion of walnut powder in the BF/EP composites greatly enhanced t...
Kaizen is a mixture of two Japanese words which together mean "good change" or "im... more Kaizen is a mixture of two Japanese words which together mean "good change" or "improvement," but it has come to mean "continuous improvement" because of its link with lean systems. Kaizen is harmonizing to Six Sigma. It is a continuous improvement of process, and it is often considered to be the building block of all lean production methods. The ultimate goal of this paper is to increase efficiency and productivity in Industry, by simplifying system, standardization of the processes, reducing waste and incremental improvements by using latest techniques like Kaizen. Every company wants to succeed in that competitive world. Some small improvements lead to perfection but it is not to be reached even though we try to get as close as possible by it again and again.
This paper deals with the various investigations of austenitic and ferrite stainless steel weldin... more This paper deals with the various investigations of austenitic and ferrite stainless steel welding carried out by the various researchers. Across various industries including chemical, petrochemical and shipbuilding industries, austenitic stainless steel is used. In most sectors, austenitic stainless steel is used, but its cost has a major impact on manufacturers and end users. So for these, the ferrite stainless steel can be used instead of austenitic stainless steel.But the whole replacement of austenitic stainless steel with the ferrite stainless steel is not possible in industries. Therefore welding of austenitic withferrite gives strength and reduces the cost of material.
Friction stir welding is a relatively new &one of the most significant solid-state welding techno... more Friction stir welding is a relatively new &one of the most significant solid-state welding technology used for welding similar and dissimilar materials without fusion or filler content. The process is globally accepted due to output sensitivity in terms ofexposure to elevated temperature, sound welds and comprehensive plastic deformation.FSW has inspired researchers and one of the most advanced topics for joining dissimilar materials. This article presents the Friction Stir set-up for welding (FSW) of AA6061-T6was used for conducting experiments and to further enhancing its mechanical properties.
Biomaterials in Orthopaedics and Bone Regeneration, 2019
In the current chapter, critical review on the development and surface modification of stainless ... more In the current chapter, critical review on the development and surface modification of stainless steel (SS)-based implants for biomedical applications has been presented. In the first phase, the significance and importance of SS-based biomaterial are presented. The technique for the development of porous and solid biomedical implants was discussed in details for their successful applications. The application of powder metallurgy for the development of porous implants was found suitable. The powder metallurgy (PM) route has been most widely used for the development of porous scaffolds, because in this process pore characteristics are easy to control and capability to generate very close to the final shape of the product. The fabrication of porous structure in PM route consists of the first alloying of removable temporary space holders with powder particles then pressureless sintering. In the second phase, a critical review on the in vitro bioactivity analysis of SS-based biomaterial ...
Nowadays researchers are motivated by Environmental issues caused by several synthetic materials.... more Nowadays researchers are motivated by Environmental issues caused by several synthetic materials. These issues carved a path for the studies of natural fibers reinforced polymer composite and an option to have cost effective, light weight, high strength to weight ratio material. The ease in availability and fabrication process have attracted many researchers to use locally available natural resources as filler in composites, and to study their different properties for mechanical applications. Ridge gourd fibers were used at different weight percentages in Polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA) matrix. Fibers were pre-treated with alkaline solution to improve the interfacial adhesion. Tensile, Flexural and Impact behaviour of composites were analysed to study the stress transfer in fiber matrix phase. Optimum tensile strength values of the fabricated composites were found at 10wt% of fiber loading and similar results were obtained for flexural strength. Increment in tensile, flexural and impa...
In this research work, an experimentation has been performed to investigate the water absorption ... more In this research work, an experimentation has been performed to investigate the water absorption and effect of rupture energy of the epoxy composite immersed in different aqueous medium. An attempt has been made to assess the rate of moisture absorption in composite materials. The percentage of moisture absorption in the specimen is observed when they are placed in four different mediums, i.e., normal water, air, half-saturated salt solution, and fully saturated salt solution. In order to check the moisture absorbed, the specimen is taken out after fixed intervals and their weights have been measured. In the beginning, a rough linear increment was observed in the weight gained by the specimens immersed in aqueous mediums. After the initial results, the results obtained were depicting non-Fickian type of moisture absorption behavior. Factors, such as initial swelling of matrix, percentage void content, edge effect, and the mechanical adhesion between fibers and matrix, greatly influenced the behavior of moisture absorption in composite. The diffusivity of the moisture in the specimens kept in air is very low owing to which a negligible change occurs in the weight of specimen immersed in air for the total period of experimentation.
The application of unconventional or composite materials has significantly enhanced and these mat... more The application of unconventional or composite materials has significantly enhanced and these materials now a days constitute more than 25% of the various components used in airline industries like Airbus A380 (25%) and also in Boeing 787 aircrafts (50%), Composite materials show a great potential in not only structural applications but also some engine parts. The rising use of composite materials in the aerospace industry is mainly due to their higher specific strength and better corrosion and fatigue resistance than most metals. The present article discusses on the development of ceramic, metal, and polymer matrix composite materials and also reviewed.
In this investigation, biodegradable composites were fabricated with polycaprolactone (PCL) matri... more In this investigation, biodegradable composites were fabricated with polycaprolactone (PCL) matrix reinforced with pine cone powder (15%, 30%, and 45% by weight) and compatibilized with graphite powder (0%, 5%, 10%, and 15% by weight) in polycaprolactone matrix by compression molding technique. The samples were prepared as per ASTM standard and tested for dimensional stability, biodegradability, and fracture energy with scanning electron micrographs. Water-absorption and thickness-swelling were performed to examine the dimensional stability and tests were performed at 23 °C and 50% humidity. Results revealed that the composites with 15 wt % of pine cone powder (PCP) have shown higher dimensional stability as compared to other composites. Bio-composites containing 15–45 wt % of PCP with low graphite content have shown higher disintegration rate than neat PCL. Fracture energy for crack initiation in bio-composites was increased by 68% with 30% PCP. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) o...
Ultrasonic machining is a processing method typically practiced for processing the highly brittle... more Ultrasonic machining is a processing method typically practiced for processing the highly brittle/hard materials. The proposed research work is attempted at exploring the influence of varying input conditions namely; cobalt %, power rating, thickness of work, different tools, tool geometry, and abrasive size on the infiltration rate in ultrasonic drilling of WC–Co composite through neural modelling. The design of experiments methodology has been practiced for scheming out the experiments. The significant process variables have been acknowledged using variance analysis test which has revealed the abrasive size, power rating, and tool profile as the most influential factors for the infiltration rate. An artificial neural network (ANN) model is suggested to analyze the infiltration rate in USM with striking parameters. Multiple layer feed frontward neural architecture is restrained through error-back propagation-based training algorithm. Predicted results show the effectiveness of the proposed neural structure with maximum error of 6%. The optimized parametric combination for infiltration rate has been revealed as; cobalt- 6%, work thickness- 3 mm, tool- hollow, tool material- nimonic-80A alloy, abrasive size- 200, and power rating- 80%. Microstructure analysis revealed that good edge quality with no appearance of cracks or burr/chipping on the edge of the drilled holes which further ensured the quality level of hole drilling through attempted work.
In today’s world, the management of plastic waste is the biggest environmental challenge. Increas... more In today’s world, the management of plastic waste is the biggest environmental challenge. Increased production of plastic solid waste (PSW) materials like high-density polyethylene (HDPE), nylon, Acrylonitrile butadiene styrene (ABS), polycarbonate (PC), etc., are creating new challenges to researchers and also encouraging new areas of research. Landfilling of PSW is one of the ancient methods of managing the plastic waste but it produces methane gas which causes global warming. So, recycling is the only way to reduce the PSW. This paper explains various separation and recycling techniques for PSW along with different techniques of additive manufacturing (AM) that can accommodate these waste materials to some extent.
Environment is being polluted day by day due to intensive use of synthetic fiber as reinforcement... more Environment is being polluted day by day due to intensive use of synthetic fiber as reinforcement for polymer composite. The researchers, engineers and scientists are showing their interest in natural fiber as reinforcement in place of synthetic fiber due to its green nature. In this work, short sisal fiber reinforced epoxy composites were manufactured by hand lay-up method at 30% wt. of fiber loading and fiber length used was 10 mm. The parameters taken were load, speed and sliding distance. Load was taken as 10, 15, 20, 25 and 30 N, Sliding speed as 1 m/s, 2 m/s and 3 m/s and Sliding distance as 1000 m, 2000 m and 3000 m. The wear properties (specific wear rate and coefficient of friction) of prepared composites are carried out. All tests are performed as per ASTM standard. On increasing the load, sliding velocity and sliding distance, the specific wear rate is found to increase whereas value of coefficient of friction decrease.
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Papers by Kanishka Jha