International organizations are especially difficult to define since there are considerable diffe... more International organizations are especially difficult to define since there are considerable differences regarding structure, purpose and competencies between them, added to the fact that this is a concept that is in constant evolution. However, there is a basic definition we could use taking into account some basic features any International Organization should have. An IO could be defined as voluntary association of States established by an international agreement, endowed with its own permanent and independent organs, responsible for the collective interests management and that are able to express a juridical will regardless of its members desires. As we can see, there are four basic elements that we can spot to set apart IO from any other like-minded organizations. The birth of modern International Organizations took place after WWI, when the winners formed the League of Nations. This was the first organization that had a universal calling (54 member states) and general powers, not only technical but also politic; and it established an independent international civil service unlinked to their country. It was meant to develop cooperation between States and to guarantee international peace and security. The League of Nation's failure led to the formation of our current International Organizations. The UN was established in the Declaration of United Nations in 1942 by the Allies after WWII. The need to create a better structured and more effective IO. It enforces universalism, facilitated by the presence of the powerful countries and the massive incorporation of new States created after decolonization and the dismemberment of the old western European Federal States. Its organic structure is much more complex because of organs proliferation and regional decentralization. And, finally, its competencies are considerable widen and it strengthens its decision-making powers to face the demands derived from the technical and economic interdependency and international peace and security keeping-problems. It has six main organs: the National Assembly, the Security Council, the International Court of Justice, the Economic and Social Council, the Trusteeship Council and the Secretariat. Later on, regional International Organizations like OTAN and the European Union were created too. The EU is a unique economic and political partnership between 28 European countries that together cover much of the European continent. Although it started as an exclusively economic union, nowadays it represents an organization spanning policy areas, from development aid to environment. Its goals are promoting an economic and social progress through cohesion and the establishment of a monetary union, to affirm the European identity in the international scope by means of a common foreign and security policy; reinforcing the protection of national rights and interests with the creation of a Union citizenship and to keep and develop the Union as a space of freedom, security and justice in which free circulation is guaranteed for everyone. Its main organs are: the European Parliament, the European Council, the Council of the European Union, the European Commission, the Court of Justice of the European Union, the European Court of Auditors and the European Central Bank. The NATO is a multilateral agreement impulse by the United States in the cold war context. In its origins, it only constituted a system of collective security whereby its democratic member States agreed to mutual defense in response to an attack by any external party. Nowadays it is much more than that: it ultimately, a way to defend democracy, individual rights and a pacific solution to conflicts. It performs missions in conflictive countries and also administrates humanitarian help if needed too, but NATO also helps to preserve peace within its own state members too It is important to mention some other International Organizations like MERCOSUR, the Arab Nation, the FMI, the OIT, among other, that conforms.
International organizations are especially difficult to define since there are considerable diffe... more International organizations are especially difficult to define since there are considerable differences regarding structure, purpose and competencies between them, added to the fact that this is a concept that is in constant evolution. However, there is a basic definition we could use taking into account some basic features any International Organization should have. An IO could be defined as voluntary association of States established by an international agreement, endowed with its own permanent and independent organs, responsible for the collective interests management and that are able to express a juridical will regardless of its members desires. As we can see, there are four basic elements that we can spot to set apart IO from any other like-minded organizations. The birth of modern International Organizations took place after WWI, when the winners formed the League of Nations. This was the first organization that had a universal calling (54 member states) and general powers, not only technical but also politic; and it established an independent international civil service unlinked to their country. It was meant to develop cooperation between States and to guarantee international peace and security. The League of Nation's failure led to the formation of our current International Organizations. The UN was established in the Declaration of United Nations in 1942 by the Allies after WWII. The need to create a better structured and more effective IO. It enforces universalism, facilitated by the presence of the powerful countries and the massive incorporation of new States created after decolonization and the dismemberment of the old western European Federal States. Its organic structure is much more complex because of organs proliferation and regional decentralization. And, finally, its competencies are considerable widen and it strengthens its decision-making powers to face the demands derived from the technical and economic interdependency and international peace and security keeping-problems. It has six main organs: the National Assembly, the Security Council, the International Court of Justice, the Economic and Social Council, the Trusteeship Council and the Secretariat. Later on, regional International Organizations like OTAN and the European Union were created too. The EU is a unique economic and political partnership between 28 European countries that together cover much of the European continent. Although it started as an exclusively economic union, nowadays it represents an organization spanning policy areas, from development aid to environment. Its goals are promoting an economic and social progress through cohesion and the establishment of a monetary union, to affirm the European identity in the international scope by means of a common foreign and security policy; reinforcing the protection of national rights and interests with the creation of a Union citizenship and to keep and develop the Union as a space of freedom, security and justice in which free circulation is guaranteed for everyone. Its main organs are: the European Parliament, the European Council, the Council of the European Union, the European Commission, the Court of Justice of the European Union, the European Court of Auditors and the European Central Bank. The NATO is a multilateral agreement impulse by the United States in the cold war context. In its origins, it only constituted a system of collective security whereby its democratic member States agreed to mutual defense in response to an attack by any external party. Nowadays it is much more than that: it ultimately, a way to defend democracy, individual rights and a pacific solution to conflicts. It performs missions in conflictive countries and also administrates humanitarian help if needed too, but NATO also helps to preserve peace within its own state members too It is important to mention some other International Organizations like MERCOSUR, the Arab Nation, the FMI, the OIT, among other, that conforms.
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Papers by July Ayala