Papers by João M. Neves Martins
Plant Breeding, 2003
Abstract The Lupinus genus includes a number of important crop species. The use of defined nucleo... more Abstract The Lupinus genus includes a number of important crop species. The use of defined nucleotide sequences for the analysis of genetic diversity among these species has revealed modest levels of diversity. The aim of this study was to access AFLP, ISSR and RAPD ...
Molecular Biotechnology, 2008
Brachypodium distachyon (Brachypodium) has been proposed as a model temperate grass because its p... more Brachypodium distachyon (Brachypodium) has been proposed as a model temperate grass because its physical, genetic, and genome attributes (small stature, simple growth requirements, small genome size, availability of diploid ecotypes, annual lifecycle and self fertility) are suitable for a model plant system. Two additional requirements that are necessary before Brachypodium can be widely accepted as a model system are an efficient transformation system and homogeneous inbred reference genotypes. Here we describe the development of inbred lines from 27 accessions of Brachypodium. Determination of c-values indicated that five of the source accessions were diploid. These diploid lines exhibit variation for a variety of morphological traits. Conditions were identified that allow generation times as fast as two months in the diploids. An Agrobacterium-mediated transformation protocol was developed and used to successfully transform 10 of the 19 lines tested with efficiencies ranging from 0.4% to 15%. The diploid accession Bd21 was readily transformed. Segregation of transgenes in the T 1 generation indicated that most of the lines contained an insertion at a single genetic locus. The new resources and methodologies reported here will advance the development and utilization of Brachypodium as a new model system for grass genomics.
Journal of Phytopathology, 2010
Instituto Superior de Agronomia, Lisboa, Portugal and Centro de Investigaçao das Ferrugens do Ca... more Instituto Superior de Agronomia, Lisboa, Portugal and Centro de Investigaçao das Ferrugens do Cafeeiro, Oeiras, Portugal ... Characterization of Colletotrichum kahawae Isolates Causing Coffee Berry Disease in Angola ... Luzolo Manuel1,2,3, Pedro Talhinhas1,2, Vıtor´ Varzea
Genetic Resources and Crop Evolution, 2006
Applied and Environmental Microbiology, 2005
Anthracnose ( Colletotrichum spp.) is an important disease causing major yield losses and poor oi... more Anthracnose ( Colletotrichum spp.) is an important disease causing major yield losses and poor oil quality in olives. The objectives were to determine the diversity and distribution pattern of Colletotrichum spp. populations prevalent in olives and their relatedness to anthracnose pathogens in other hosts, assess their pathogenic variability and host preference, and develop diagnostic tools. A total of 128 Colletotrichum spp. isolates representing all olive-growing areas in Portugal and a few isolates from other countries were characterized by molecular and phenotypic assays and compared with reference isolates. Arbitrarily primed PCR data, internal transcribed spacer of rRNA gene and β-tubulin 2 nucleotide sequences, colony characteristics, and benomyl sensitivity showed Colletotrichum acutatum to be dominant (>97%) with limited occurrence of Colletotrichum gloeosporioides (<3%). Among C. acutatum populations, five molecular groups, A2 to A6, were identified. A2 was widely pr...
Frontiers in Plant Science, 2019
Protein crops have gained increasing interest in recent years, as a transition towards plant-prot... more Protein crops have gained increasing interest in recent years, as a transition towards plant-protein based diets appears pivotal to ensure global food security and preserve the environment. The Andean species Lupinus mutabilis emerges as an ideal protein crop with great potential for Europe and other regions with temperate climates. This species is characterized by oil and protein content similar to soybean and is highly valued for its adaptability to colder climates and low input agriculture on marginal land. However, its introduction outside the Andes has yet to take off. To date, L. mutabilis remains an understudied crop, lacking high yield, early maturity and a consistent breeding history. This review paper identifies L. mutabilis limitations and potential uses, and suggests the main breeding targets for further improvement of this crop. It also highlights the potential of new molecular tools and available germplasm resources that can now be used to establish L. mutabilis as a viable protein crop.
Protein crops have gained increasing interest in recent years, as a transition towards plant-prot... more Protein crops have gained increasing interest in recent years, as a transition towards plant-protein based diets appears pivotal to ensure global food security and preserve the environment. The Andean species Lupinus mutabilis emerges as an ideal protein crop with great potential for Europe and other regions with temperate climates. This species is characterized by oil and protein content similar to soybean and is highly valued for its adaptability to colder climates and low input agriculture on marginal land. However, its introduction outside the Andes has yet to take off. To date, L. mutabilis remains an understudied crop, lacking high yield, early maturity and a consistent breeding history. This review paper identifies L. mutabilis limitations and potential uses, and suggests the main breeding targets for further improvement of this crop. It also highlights the potential of new molecular tools and available germplasm resources that can now be used to establish L. mutabilis as a viable protein crop.
Agronomy, 2019
Lupinus mutabilis (tarwi) is a species of Andean origin with high protein and oil content and reg... more Lupinus mutabilis (tarwi) is a species of Andean origin with high protein and oil content and regarded as a potential crop in Europe. The success in the introduction of this crop depends in part on in depth knowledge of the intra-specific genetic variability of the collections, enabling the establishment of breeding and conservation programs. In this study, we used morphological traits, Inter-Simple Sequence Repeat markers and genome size to assess genetic and genomic diversity of 23 tarwi accessions under Mediterranean conditions. Phenotypic analyses and yield component studies point out accession LM268 as that achieving the highest seed production, producing large seeds and efficiently using primary branches as an important component of total yield, similar to the L. albus cultivars used as controls. By contrast, accession JKI-L295 presents high yield concentrated on the main stem, suggesting a semi-determinate development pattern. Genetic and genomic analyses revealed important l...
Agronomy, 2020
Lupinus mutabilis is an important source of protein in different Andean countries, and its use in... more Lupinus mutabilis is an important source of protein in different Andean countries, and its use in diets, particularly those of less wealthy individuals, has been observed for thousands of years. There is an increasing demand for protein crops suitable for Europe and this species is a potential candidate. Assessment of Lupinus mutabilis genetic material in European conditions started more than 40 years ago, with the characterization of a vast number of accessions from the Andean region. In this review, abiotic and biotic constraints to L. mutabilis cultivation in European soil and climatic conditions are discussed, and cultivation management practices are suggested. The beneficial interaction of L. mutabilis with Bradyrhizobium strains in the soil and various pollinator species is also discussed, and the effect of abiotic stresses on these interactions is highlighted. Prospects of alternative uses of L. mutabilis biomass in Northern Europe and opportunities for breeding strategies ar...
Revista de Ciências Agrárias, 2010
Neste trabalho, estudou-se o uso de sementes de tremoco como fertilizante para fornecer gradualme... more Neste trabalho, estudou-se o uso de sementes de tremoco como fertilizante para fornecer gradualmente o azoto. O principal objectivo foi comparar diferentes estrategias de aplicacao das sementes de tremoco (Lupinus angustifolius L. cv. Azuro e cv. Boruta) na cultura de couve-branca (Brassica oleracea capitata L. cv. Impuls). Uma vez que durante o processo de germinacao as plântulas utilizam os seus glucidos de reserva como fonte de energia na respiracao, a quantidade de carbono nas plântulas e consequentemente a sua razao C:N decresce ao longo do tempo. Com a expansao das folhas e o comeco da actividade fotossintetica esta tendencia inverte-se. Assim, a principal hipotese desta pesquisa foi que a incorporacao de plântulas de tremoco germinadas apos um determinado periodo de tempo (quando a razao C:N atingia o seu valor minimo) pode aumentar a libertacao de azoto deste fertilizante azotado de origem vegetal. Com esta pesquisa, descobriu-se que a incorporacao de plântulas de tremoco ap...
Agronomy, 2022
Flavonone 3 hydroxylases (EC 1.14.11.9) are key enzymes in the synthesis of anthocyanins and othe... more Flavonone 3 hydroxylases (EC 1.14.11.9) are key enzymes in the synthesis of anthocyanins and other flavonoids. Such compounds are involved in seed coat colour and stem pigmentation. Lupinus mutabilis (tarwi) is a legume crop domesticated in the Andean region, valued for the high protein and oil content of its seeds. Tarwi accessions are being selected for cultivation in Europe under defined breeding criteria. Seed coat colour patterns are relevant breeding traits in tarwi, and these are conditioned by anthocyanin content. We identified and isolated part of the tarwi flavonone 3-hydroxylase gene (LmF3h) from two accessions with distinct seed coat colour patterns. Two partial LmF3h paralogues, with predicted 20% amino-acid changes but little predicted tertiary structure alterations, were identified in the coloured seed genotype, while only one was present in the white seed genotype. Upon selection and validation of appropriate reference genes, a RT-qPCR analysis showed that these para...
Plants, 2020
Anthracnose, caused by Colletotrichum lupini, is a major limiting factor for lupin production. Ta... more Anthracnose, caused by Colletotrichum lupini, is a major limiting factor for lupin production. Tarwi or Andean Lupin (Lupinus mutabilis) is generally regarded as susceptible to anthracnose, but the high protein and oil content of its seeds raise interest in promoting its cultivation in Europe. In this study we evaluated the response to anthracnose of 10 tarwi accessions contrasting in anthocyanin pigmentation, by comparison to white lupin (Lupinus albus), using a contemporary Portuguese fungal isolate. A severity rating scale was optimized, including weighted parameters considering the type of symptoms and organs affected. All tarwi accessions were classified as susceptible, exhibiting sporulating necroses on the main stem from seven days after inoculation. Anthracnose severity was lower on anthocyanin-rich tarwi plants, with accession LM34 standing out as the less susceptible. Accession I82 better combines anthracnose response and yield. In global terms, disease severity was lower ...
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Papers by João M. Neves Martins