Introduction Elizabeth Baldwin and Robert Hagenmaier Protein-based films and coatings Maria B. Pe... more Introduction Elizabeth Baldwin and Robert Hagenmaier Protein-based films and coatings Maria B. Perez-Gago Edible coatings from lipids, waxes, and resins David J. Hall Polysaccharide coatings Robert Soliva-Fortuny, Maria Alejandra Rojas-Grau, and Olga Martin-Belloso Gas-exchange properties of edible films and coatings Robert D. Hagenmaier Role of edible film and coating additives Roberto de Jesus Avena-Bustillos and Tara H. McHugh Coatings for fresh fruits and vegetables Jinhe Bai and Anne Plotto Coatings for minimally processed fruits and vegetables Sharon Dea, Christian Ghidelli, Maria B. Perez-Gago, and Anne Plotto Applications of edible films and coatings to processed foods Tara H. McHugh and Roberto de Jesus Avena-Bustillos Application of commercial coatings Yanyun Zhao Encapsulation of flavors, nutraceuticals, and antibacterials Stephane Desobry and Frederic Debeaufort Overview of pharmaceutical coatings Anthony Palmieri Regulatory aspects of coatings Guiwen A. Cheng and Elizabeth A. Baldwin
A controlled-release chlorine dioxide (ClO 2) pouch was developed by sealing a slurry form of ClO... more A controlled-release chlorine dioxide (ClO 2) pouch was developed by sealing a slurry form of ClO 2 into semipermeable polymer film; the release properties of the pouch were monitored in containers with or without fruit. The pouch was affixed to the inside of a perforated clamshell containing grape tomatoes, and the effect on microbial population, firmness, and weight loss was evaluated during a 14 day storage period at 20°C. Within 3 days, the ClO 2 concentration in the clamshells reached 3.5 ppm and remained constant until day 10. Thereafter, it decreased to 2 ppm by day 14. The ClO 2 pouch exhibited strong antimicrobial activity, reducing Escherichia coli populations by 3.08 log CFU/g and Alternaria alternata populations by 2.85 log CFU/g after 14 days of storage. The ClO 2 treatment also reduced softening and weight loss and extended the overall shelf life of the tomatoes. Our results suggest that ClO 2 treatment is useful for extending the shelf life and improving the microbial safety of tomatoes during storage without impairing their quality.
Germanium has been reported as a mineral element affecting plant cell metabolism. Many trials to ... more Germanium has been reported as a mineral element affecting plant cell metabolism. Many trials to supply germanium to fruit have been carried out since tests have confi rmed germanium's role as a medical substance. Supplying germanium to orchards by soil and foliar application was not effective because of loss from rainfall. Also, tree injection with germanium solution required the insertion of a tube to the tree xylem at each injection site. In order to increase germanium absorption by fruit, this study carried out the postharvest dipping of fruit into germanium solution. 'Niitaka' pear (Pyrus pyrifolia) fruit was treated with two types of germanium, GeO (inorganic type) and Ge-132 (organic type), in a concentration of 50 mg•L-1 just after harvest in early Oct. 2004. Flesh browning after peeling the fruit was delayed by germanium treatment, and polyphenoloxidase (PPO) activities were lowered. Postharvest potentials were maintained at high levels for fruit fi rmness, physiological disorders, and decayed fruit during cold storage at 0 to 1 °C for 2 months. Antioxidant and some phenolic compounds were higher than those of control fruit.
One symptom of citrus huanglongbing (HLB) is excessive preharvest fruit drop. Recently, a higher ... more One symptom of citrus huanglongbing (HLB) is excessive preharvest fruit drop. Recently, a higher incidence of Lasiodiplodia theobromae (Diplodia) was found in HLB-symptomatic orange calyx abscission zones (AZ-C) than in non-symptomatic fruit. The infection was positively correlated with the reduction in fruit detachment force (FDF), suggesting that Diplodia infection may be involved in HLB-related preharvest fruit drop. To verify the direct correlation of HLB-related fruit drop with the fungal infection, HLB-affected sweet orange trees (Hamlin) were shaken manually during the harvest season. The fruit that dropped from trees upon shaking were collected (D), and the fruit that remained (R) on trees after shaking were harvested (R). Fruit ethylene production was measured, and the titers of Diplodia and CLas in AZ-C of D and R fruit were analyzed. Gene expression levels related to signaling and biosynthesis of phytohormone (jasmonate, ethylene, and abscission) were evaluated by qRT-PCR...
Frequency distributions of relative content and number of juice volatiles in ‘Fortune’ x ‘Murcott... more Frequency distributions of relative content and number of juice volatiles in ‘Fortune’ x ‘Murcott’ in H1–12, H2–12 and H2–13. The value of relative content for each F1 hybrid was Log10 transformed, and then imported for analysis of distribution. A) Relative content of volatiles in H1–12. B) Number of volatiles in H1–12. C) Relative content of volatiles in H2–12. D) Number of volatiles in H2–12. E) Relative content of volatiles in H2–13. F) Number of volatiles in H2–13. (PPTX 52 kb)
Citrus greening disease or huanglongbing (HLB) is associated with excessive pre-harvest fruit dro... more Citrus greening disease or huanglongbing (HLB) is associated with excessive pre-harvest fruit drop. To understand the mechanisms of the HLB-associated fruit abscission, transcriptomes were analyzed by RNA sequencing of calyx abscission zones (AZ-C) of dropped "Hamlin" oranges from HLB-diseased trees upon shaking the trees (Dd), retained oranges on diseased trees (Rd), dropped oranges from healthy shaken trees (Dh), and retained oranges on healthy trees (Rh). Cluster analysis of transcripts indicated that Dd had the largest distances from all other groups. Comparisons of transcriptomes revealed 1047, 1599, 813, and 764 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) between Dd/Rd, Dd/Dh, Dh/ Rh, and Rd/Rh. The gene ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway enrichment analyses indicated hormone signaling, defense response, and secondary metabolism were involved in HLB-associated fruit abscission. Ethylene (ET) and jasmonic acid (JA) synthesis/signaling-related genes were upregulated in Dd, while other phytohormone-related genes were generally downregulated. In addition, genes related to JA/ET-activated defense response were upregulated in Dd as well. Consistent with the phytohormone gene expression data, increased levels (p < 0.05) of ET and JA, and a decreased level (p < 0.05) of abscisic acid were found in Dd compared with Rd, Dh or Rh. Lasiodiploidia theobromae level in Dd AZ-C was higher than the other fruit types, confirmed by qPCR, indicating AZ-C secondary fungal infection of HLB fruit may exacerbate their abscission. This information will help formulate effective strategies to control HLB-related abscission.
Gene in MUR2 that may participate in aroma volatiles regulation. This file contains a table showi... more Gene in MUR2 that may participate in aroma volatiles regulation. This file contains a table showing the candidate genes from MUR2 that may regulate aroma volatiles production. (XLSX 8 kb)
QTLs detected for juice volatiles in the mandarin F1 population, 'Fortune' x 'Murcott... more QTLs detected for juice volatiles in the mandarin F1 population, 'Fortune' x 'Murcott', using Kruskal-Wallis (K-W) and Composite Interval Mapping (CIM). This file contains a table showing the QTLs identified for juice volatiles in the 'Fortune' x 'Murcott' population over four harvests. (XLSX 29 kb)
Correlation coefficients between carotenoid derived volatiles and fruit color parameters in '... more Correlation coefficients between carotenoid derived volatiles and fruit color parameters in 'Fortune', 'Murcott' and the F1 progeny. This file contains a table showing the correlations between volatiles derived from carotenoids and colors in the 'Fortune' x 'Murcott' population over four harvests. (XLSX 10 kb)
Frequency of detection of the 148 detected juice volatiles in 'Fortune', 'Murcott'... more Frequency of detection of the 148 detected juice volatiles in 'Fortune', 'Murcott' and the F1 progeny. This file contains a table showing the detection frequency of juice volatiles in 'Fortune', 'Murcott' and the F1 progeny over four harvests. (XLSX 19 kb)
HCA and heat map representation of pairwise correlations between volatiles detected in ‘Fortune’ ... more HCA and heat map representation of pairwise correlations between volatiles detected in ‘Fortune’ × ‘Murcott’ in H1–13. The blue-green-red scale bar represents low to high pair-wise correlation level. Clusters are indicated by different letters. (PPTX 708 kb)
Distribution of volatile compounds in different fruit structures were analyzed in four tomato cul... more Distribution of volatile compounds in different fruit structures were analyzed in four tomato cultivars by headspace-solid-phase microextraction (SPME)-gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). A total of 36 volatile compounds were identified in fruit samples, which were primarily aldehydes, hydrocarbons, alcohols, ketones, furans, esters, nitrogen compounds, and sulfur and nitrogen-containing heterocyclic compounds. The volatile compositions in pericarp (PE), septa and columella (SC), locular gel and seeds (LS), and stem end (SE) tissues showed different profiles. The PE tissue showed the highest total volatile concentration due to a high abundance of aldehydes, especially cis-3-hexenal and benzaldehyde. Meanwhile, it showed higher aromatic proportion and herbaceous series intensity than other tissues. Floral and fruity series showed higher intensity in SC and LS tissues. The concentration of alcohols in the LS was higher than that in other tissues in association with the higher abundances of 2-methyl propanol, 3-methyl butanol, and 2-methyl butanol. However, the numbers and concentrations of volatile compounds, especially cis-3-hexenal, benzaldehyde, and geranyl acetone were lower in SE than in the other tissues, indicating less tomato aromas in SE. SE tissues were also lacking in floral and fruity characteristic compounds, such as geranyl acetone, 1-nitro-pentane, and 1-nitro-2-phenylethane. "FL 47" contained more volatile compounds than the other three, and the contents of aldehydes, ketones and oxygen-containing heterocyclic compounds in the "Tygress" fruit were higher than the other cultivars.
Citrus breeders have made numerous hybridizations that included Poncirus trifoliata L.Raf. (P. tr... more Citrus breeders have made numerous hybridizations that included Poncirus trifoliata L.Raf. (P. trifoliata), a relative of the genus Citrus, in their pedigree to produce hybrids that are cold-and disease-resistant. Initial hybrids of Citrus × P. trifoliata typically produce fruit that have unacceptable flavor, but more advanced hybrids with greater proportions of Citrus in their pedigrees have various degrees of off-flavor and taste. This study reports the volatile constituents, as well as nonvolatile limonoids and flavonoids, in the juice of six Citrus hybrids containing P. trifoliata in their pedigrees, compared to two hybrids derived solely from Citrus. Secondary metabolite profiles reflected the complex genetic backgrounds of those hybrids. Hybrids 6 _ 23− 20 and US 119 had juice composition most similar to that of P. trifoliata, with more volatiles, and in particular, more esters and sesquiterpenes with higher amounts in total. Furthermore, hesperidin concentration in US 119 was low (10 μg g − 1) in comparison with other hybrids (125− 326 μg g − 1) while concentrations of narirutin and isosakuranetin-7-O-rutinoside were unusually high (135− 211 μg g − 1 and 304− 182 μg g − 1 , respectively) in comparison with the other hybrids (5− 60 μg g − 1 and 10− 75 μg g − 1 , respectively), which is in agreement with the composition of pure P. trifoliata. Juice of P. trifoliata derived hybrids 5− 18-24, 5− 18-31, 1− 76-100, and 1− 77-105 presented secondary metabolite compositions closer to those of pure Citrus hybrids. Based on volatiles, limonoids, and flavonoid profiles, we conclude that it is possible to generate advanced Citrus hybrids including P. trifoliata in their pedigrees that approach the quality of common Citrus types.
Along with orange and mandarin, grapefruit production in Florida has declined sharply due to Huan... more Along with orange and mandarin, grapefruit production in Florida has declined sharply due to Huanglongbing (HLB), or citrus greening disease, caused by Candidatus Liberibacter asiaticus (CLas). HLB affects the volatile profiles of juice and peel oil in oranges, but there is limited information on grapefruit. In this research, ‘Ray Ruby’ grapefruit were harvested in 2020 and 2021 from healthy (HLB−) and HLB-affected (HLB+) trees. Peel oil was extracted by hydrodistillation, and the volatiles were analyzed by direct injection of the oil samples into gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC-MS). Volatiles in the juice were analyzed by headspace (HS)-solid-phase microextraction (SPME) coupled with GC-MS. HLB significantly altered the volatile profiles of peel oil and juice in ‘Ray Ruby’ grapefruit. Juice samples of HLB+ fruits had lower decanal, nonanal, and octanal, important citrus juice flavor compounds. HLB+ samples also showed reduced content of nonterpene compounds, other aliphati...
Numerous studies demonstrated that winter melons (Benincasa hispida) have a long storage life at ... more Numerous studies demonstrated that winter melons (Benincasa hispida) have a long storage life at 20°C without quality and flavor degradation in fruit. However, fruit for processing are frequently handled under refrigerated conditions or exposed to a warehouse without air conditioning. Therefore, this research aimed to evaluate whether a short high- and low-temperature storage of fruit, prior to processing, changes the flavor and nutritional profiles of winter melon juice. Weight loss of 1.71% was recorded subsequent to 20 days of 10°C storage, with 5.15% weight loss at 30°C. Sugar content significantly decreased during storage at 10°C and 30°C, while the soluble solids content slightly increased. Several specific phenolic compounds were detected, and the total concentration of phenolics increased over the storage time at both temperatures. The concentration of sulfur compounds, as well as hexanal and total volatiles that are principally responsible for off-flavor reduced significant...
Introduction Elizabeth Baldwin and Robert Hagenmaier Protein-based films and coatings Maria B. Pe... more Introduction Elizabeth Baldwin and Robert Hagenmaier Protein-based films and coatings Maria B. Perez-Gago Edible coatings from lipids, waxes, and resins David J. Hall Polysaccharide coatings Robert Soliva-Fortuny, Maria Alejandra Rojas-Grau, and Olga Martin-Belloso Gas-exchange properties of edible films and coatings Robert D. Hagenmaier Role of edible film and coating additives Roberto de Jesus Avena-Bustillos and Tara H. McHugh Coatings for fresh fruits and vegetables Jinhe Bai and Anne Plotto Coatings for minimally processed fruits and vegetables Sharon Dea, Christian Ghidelli, Maria B. Perez-Gago, and Anne Plotto Applications of edible films and coatings to processed foods Tara H. McHugh and Roberto de Jesus Avena-Bustillos Application of commercial coatings Yanyun Zhao Encapsulation of flavors, nutraceuticals, and antibacterials Stephane Desobry and Frederic Debeaufort Overview of pharmaceutical coatings Anthony Palmieri Regulatory aspects of coatings Guiwen A. Cheng and Elizabeth A. Baldwin
A controlled-release chlorine dioxide (ClO 2) pouch was developed by sealing a slurry form of ClO... more A controlled-release chlorine dioxide (ClO 2) pouch was developed by sealing a slurry form of ClO 2 into semipermeable polymer film; the release properties of the pouch were monitored in containers with or without fruit. The pouch was affixed to the inside of a perforated clamshell containing grape tomatoes, and the effect on microbial population, firmness, and weight loss was evaluated during a 14 day storage period at 20°C. Within 3 days, the ClO 2 concentration in the clamshells reached 3.5 ppm and remained constant until day 10. Thereafter, it decreased to 2 ppm by day 14. The ClO 2 pouch exhibited strong antimicrobial activity, reducing Escherichia coli populations by 3.08 log CFU/g and Alternaria alternata populations by 2.85 log CFU/g after 14 days of storage. The ClO 2 treatment also reduced softening and weight loss and extended the overall shelf life of the tomatoes. Our results suggest that ClO 2 treatment is useful for extending the shelf life and improving the microbial safety of tomatoes during storage without impairing their quality.
Germanium has been reported as a mineral element affecting plant cell metabolism. Many trials to ... more Germanium has been reported as a mineral element affecting plant cell metabolism. Many trials to supply germanium to fruit have been carried out since tests have confi rmed germanium's role as a medical substance. Supplying germanium to orchards by soil and foliar application was not effective because of loss from rainfall. Also, tree injection with germanium solution required the insertion of a tube to the tree xylem at each injection site. In order to increase germanium absorption by fruit, this study carried out the postharvest dipping of fruit into germanium solution. 'Niitaka' pear (Pyrus pyrifolia) fruit was treated with two types of germanium, GeO (inorganic type) and Ge-132 (organic type), in a concentration of 50 mg•L-1 just after harvest in early Oct. 2004. Flesh browning after peeling the fruit was delayed by germanium treatment, and polyphenoloxidase (PPO) activities were lowered. Postharvest potentials were maintained at high levels for fruit fi rmness, physiological disorders, and decayed fruit during cold storage at 0 to 1 °C for 2 months. Antioxidant and some phenolic compounds were higher than those of control fruit.
One symptom of citrus huanglongbing (HLB) is excessive preharvest fruit drop. Recently, a higher ... more One symptom of citrus huanglongbing (HLB) is excessive preharvest fruit drop. Recently, a higher incidence of Lasiodiplodia theobromae (Diplodia) was found in HLB-symptomatic orange calyx abscission zones (AZ-C) than in non-symptomatic fruit. The infection was positively correlated with the reduction in fruit detachment force (FDF), suggesting that Diplodia infection may be involved in HLB-related preharvest fruit drop. To verify the direct correlation of HLB-related fruit drop with the fungal infection, HLB-affected sweet orange trees (Hamlin) were shaken manually during the harvest season. The fruit that dropped from trees upon shaking were collected (D), and the fruit that remained (R) on trees after shaking were harvested (R). Fruit ethylene production was measured, and the titers of Diplodia and CLas in AZ-C of D and R fruit were analyzed. Gene expression levels related to signaling and biosynthesis of phytohormone (jasmonate, ethylene, and abscission) were evaluated by qRT-PCR...
Frequency distributions of relative content and number of juice volatiles in ‘Fortune’ x ‘Murcott... more Frequency distributions of relative content and number of juice volatiles in ‘Fortune’ x ‘Murcott’ in H1–12, H2–12 and H2–13. The value of relative content for each F1 hybrid was Log10 transformed, and then imported for analysis of distribution. A) Relative content of volatiles in H1–12. B) Number of volatiles in H1–12. C) Relative content of volatiles in H2–12. D) Number of volatiles in H2–12. E) Relative content of volatiles in H2–13. F) Number of volatiles in H2–13. (PPTX 52 kb)
Citrus greening disease or huanglongbing (HLB) is associated with excessive pre-harvest fruit dro... more Citrus greening disease or huanglongbing (HLB) is associated with excessive pre-harvest fruit drop. To understand the mechanisms of the HLB-associated fruit abscission, transcriptomes were analyzed by RNA sequencing of calyx abscission zones (AZ-C) of dropped "Hamlin" oranges from HLB-diseased trees upon shaking the trees (Dd), retained oranges on diseased trees (Rd), dropped oranges from healthy shaken trees (Dh), and retained oranges on healthy trees (Rh). Cluster analysis of transcripts indicated that Dd had the largest distances from all other groups. Comparisons of transcriptomes revealed 1047, 1599, 813, and 764 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) between Dd/Rd, Dd/Dh, Dh/ Rh, and Rd/Rh. The gene ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway enrichment analyses indicated hormone signaling, defense response, and secondary metabolism were involved in HLB-associated fruit abscission. Ethylene (ET) and jasmonic acid (JA) synthesis/signaling-related genes were upregulated in Dd, while other phytohormone-related genes were generally downregulated. In addition, genes related to JA/ET-activated defense response were upregulated in Dd as well. Consistent with the phytohormone gene expression data, increased levels (p < 0.05) of ET and JA, and a decreased level (p < 0.05) of abscisic acid were found in Dd compared with Rd, Dh or Rh. Lasiodiploidia theobromae level in Dd AZ-C was higher than the other fruit types, confirmed by qPCR, indicating AZ-C secondary fungal infection of HLB fruit may exacerbate their abscission. This information will help formulate effective strategies to control HLB-related abscission.
Gene in MUR2 that may participate in aroma volatiles regulation. This file contains a table showi... more Gene in MUR2 that may participate in aroma volatiles regulation. This file contains a table showing the candidate genes from MUR2 that may regulate aroma volatiles production. (XLSX 8 kb)
QTLs detected for juice volatiles in the mandarin F1 population, 'Fortune' x 'Murcott... more QTLs detected for juice volatiles in the mandarin F1 population, 'Fortune' x 'Murcott', using Kruskal-Wallis (K-W) and Composite Interval Mapping (CIM). This file contains a table showing the QTLs identified for juice volatiles in the 'Fortune' x 'Murcott' population over four harvests. (XLSX 29 kb)
Correlation coefficients between carotenoid derived volatiles and fruit color parameters in '... more Correlation coefficients between carotenoid derived volatiles and fruit color parameters in 'Fortune', 'Murcott' and the F1 progeny. This file contains a table showing the correlations between volatiles derived from carotenoids and colors in the 'Fortune' x 'Murcott' population over four harvests. (XLSX 10 kb)
Frequency of detection of the 148 detected juice volatiles in 'Fortune', 'Murcott'... more Frequency of detection of the 148 detected juice volatiles in 'Fortune', 'Murcott' and the F1 progeny. This file contains a table showing the detection frequency of juice volatiles in 'Fortune', 'Murcott' and the F1 progeny over four harvests. (XLSX 19 kb)
HCA and heat map representation of pairwise correlations between volatiles detected in ‘Fortune’ ... more HCA and heat map representation of pairwise correlations between volatiles detected in ‘Fortune’ × ‘Murcott’ in H1–13. The blue-green-red scale bar represents low to high pair-wise correlation level. Clusters are indicated by different letters. (PPTX 708 kb)
Distribution of volatile compounds in different fruit structures were analyzed in four tomato cul... more Distribution of volatile compounds in different fruit structures were analyzed in four tomato cultivars by headspace-solid-phase microextraction (SPME)-gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). A total of 36 volatile compounds were identified in fruit samples, which were primarily aldehydes, hydrocarbons, alcohols, ketones, furans, esters, nitrogen compounds, and sulfur and nitrogen-containing heterocyclic compounds. The volatile compositions in pericarp (PE), septa and columella (SC), locular gel and seeds (LS), and stem end (SE) tissues showed different profiles. The PE tissue showed the highest total volatile concentration due to a high abundance of aldehydes, especially cis-3-hexenal and benzaldehyde. Meanwhile, it showed higher aromatic proportion and herbaceous series intensity than other tissues. Floral and fruity series showed higher intensity in SC and LS tissues. The concentration of alcohols in the LS was higher than that in other tissues in association with the higher abundances of 2-methyl propanol, 3-methyl butanol, and 2-methyl butanol. However, the numbers and concentrations of volatile compounds, especially cis-3-hexenal, benzaldehyde, and geranyl acetone were lower in SE than in the other tissues, indicating less tomato aromas in SE. SE tissues were also lacking in floral and fruity characteristic compounds, such as geranyl acetone, 1-nitro-pentane, and 1-nitro-2-phenylethane. "FL 47" contained more volatile compounds than the other three, and the contents of aldehydes, ketones and oxygen-containing heterocyclic compounds in the "Tygress" fruit were higher than the other cultivars.
Citrus breeders have made numerous hybridizations that included Poncirus trifoliata L.Raf. (P. tr... more Citrus breeders have made numerous hybridizations that included Poncirus trifoliata L.Raf. (P. trifoliata), a relative of the genus Citrus, in their pedigree to produce hybrids that are cold-and disease-resistant. Initial hybrids of Citrus × P. trifoliata typically produce fruit that have unacceptable flavor, but more advanced hybrids with greater proportions of Citrus in their pedigrees have various degrees of off-flavor and taste. This study reports the volatile constituents, as well as nonvolatile limonoids and flavonoids, in the juice of six Citrus hybrids containing P. trifoliata in their pedigrees, compared to two hybrids derived solely from Citrus. Secondary metabolite profiles reflected the complex genetic backgrounds of those hybrids. Hybrids 6 _ 23− 20 and US 119 had juice composition most similar to that of P. trifoliata, with more volatiles, and in particular, more esters and sesquiterpenes with higher amounts in total. Furthermore, hesperidin concentration in US 119 was low (10 μg g − 1) in comparison with other hybrids (125− 326 μg g − 1) while concentrations of narirutin and isosakuranetin-7-O-rutinoside were unusually high (135− 211 μg g − 1 and 304− 182 μg g − 1 , respectively) in comparison with the other hybrids (5− 60 μg g − 1 and 10− 75 μg g − 1 , respectively), which is in agreement with the composition of pure P. trifoliata. Juice of P. trifoliata derived hybrids 5− 18-24, 5− 18-31, 1− 76-100, and 1− 77-105 presented secondary metabolite compositions closer to those of pure Citrus hybrids. Based on volatiles, limonoids, and flavonoid profiles, we conclude that it is possible to generate advanced Citrus hybrids including P. trifoliata in their pedigrees that approach the quality of common Citrus types.
Along with orange and mandarin, grapefruit production in Florida has declined sharply due to Huan... more Along with orange and mandarin, grapefruit production in Florida has declined sharply due to Huanglongbing (HLB), or citrus greening disease, caused by Candidatus Liberibacter asiaticus (CLas). HLB affects the volatile profiles of juice and peel oil in oranges, but there is limited information on grapefruit. In this research, ‘Ray Ruby’ grapefruit were harvested in 2020 and 2021 from healthy (HLB−) and HLB-affected (HLB+) trees. Peel oil was extracted by hydrodistillation, and the volatiles were analyzed by direct injection of the oil samples into gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC-MS). Volatiles in the juice were analyzed by headspace (HS)-solid-phase microextraction (SPME) coupled with GC-MS. HLB significantly altered the volatile profiles of peel oil and juice in ‘Ray Ruby’ grapefruit. Juice samples of HLB+ fruits had lower decanal, nonanal, and octanal, important citrus juice flavor compounds. HLB+ samples also showed reduced content of nonterpene compounds, other aliphati...
Numerous studies demonstrated that winter melons (Benincasa hispida) have a long storage life at ... more Numerous studies demonstrated that winter melons (Benincasa hispida) have a long storage life at 20°C without quality and flavor degradation in fruit. However, fruit for processing are frequently handled under refrigerated conditions or exposed to a warehouse without air conditioning. Therefore, this research aimed to evaluate whether a short high- and low-temperature storage of fruit, prior to processing, changes the flavor and nutritional profiles of winter melon juice. Weight loss of 1.71% was recorded subsequent to 20 days of 10°C storage, with 5.15% weight loss at 30°C. Sugar content significantly decreased during storage at 10°C and 30°C, while the soluble solids content slightly increased. Several specific phenolic compounds were detected, and the total concentration of phenolics increased over the storage time at both temperatures. The concentration of sulfur compounds, as well as hexanal and total volatiles that are principally responsible for off-flavor reduced significant...
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