Electrospinning is a nanofiber-forming process by which either polymer solution or melt is charge... more Electrospinning is a nanofiber-forming process by which either polymer solution or melt is charged to high voltages. With high specific surface area and porous structure, electrospun fibrous membranes are excellent candidates for immobilization of enzymes. In this paper, immobilization of ...
Submicron poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA) fiber mats were prepared by electrospinning of aqueous PVA so... more Submicron poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA) fiber mats were prepared by electrospinning of aqueous PVA solutions in 6-8% concentration. Fiber morphology was observed under a scanning electron microscope and effects of instrument parameters including electric voltage, tip-target distance, flow rate and solution parameters such as concentration on the morphology of electrospun PVA fibers were evaluated. Results showed that, when PVA with higher degree of hydrolysis (DH) of 98% was used, tip-target distance exhibited no significant effect on the fiber morphology, however the morphological structure can be slightly changed by changing the solution flow rate. At high voltages above 10 kV, electrospun PVA fibers exhibited a broad diameter distribution. With increasing solution concentration, the morphology was changed from beaded fiber to uniform fiber and the average fiber diameter could be increased from 87 ± 14 nm to 246 ± 50 nm. It was also found that additions of sodium chloride and ethanol had significant effects on the fiber diameter and the morphology of electrospun PVA fibers because of the different solution conductivity, surface tension and viscosity. When the DH value of PVA was increased from 80% to 99%, the morphology electrospun PVA fibers was changed from ribbon-like fibers to uniform fibers and then to beaded fibers. The addition of aspirin and bovine serum albumin also resulted in the appearance of beads.
The field of New Literacy Studies (NLS) has developed over the last thirty years since the 1980s.... more The field of New Literacy Studies (NLS) has developed over the last thirty years since the 1980s. Characterising the shift from observable literacy events to the cultural and conceptual level of literacy practices is a major task for literacy theorists and practitioners. In order to achieve this, this article suggests expanding the NLS by proposing a new concept-the " literacy events network " as an intermediary bridge between literacy events and literacy practices. To elucidate this concept, we apply it in a case study of a Chinese migrant adolescent's multiliteracy practices in online news reading which moves between China and Britain. This case study demonstrates the trajectory of building up literacy practices and how components of single literacy events, literacy events networks and literacy practices are connected.
Electrospinning is a nanofiber-forming process by which either polymer solution or melt is charge... more Electrospinning is a nanofiber-forming process by which either polymer solution or melt is charged to high voltages. With high specific surface area and porous structure, electrospun fibrous membranes are excellent candidates for immobilization of enzymes. In this paper, immobilization of ...
Submicron poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA) fiber mats were prepared by electrospinning of aqueous PVA so... more Submicron poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA) fiber mats were prepared by electrospinning of aqueous PVA solutions in 6-8% concentration. Fiber morphology was observed under a scanning electron microscope and effects of instrument parameters including electric voltage, tip-target distance, flow rate and solution parameters such as concentration on the morphology of electrospun PVA fibers were evaluated. Results showed that, when PVA with higher degree of hydrolysis (DH) of 98% was used, tip-target distance exhibited no significant effect on the fiber morphology, however the morphological structure can be slightly changed by changing the solution flow rate. At high voltages above 10 kV, electrospun PVA fibers exhibited a broad diameter distribution. With increasing solution concentration, the morphology was changed from beaded fiber to uniform fiber and the average fiber diameter could be increased from 87 ± 14 nm to 246 ± 50 nm. It was also found that additions of sodium chloride and ethanol had significant effects on the fiber diameter and the morphology of electrospun PVA fibers because of the different solution conductivity, surface tension and viscosity. When the DH value of PVA was increased from 80% to 99%, the morphology electrospun PVA fibers was changed from ribbon-like fibers to uniform fibers and then to beaded fibers. The addition of aspirin and bovine serum albumin also resulted in the appearance of beads.
The field of New Literacy Studies (NLS) has developed over the last thirty years since the 1980s.... more The field of New Literacy Studies (NLS) has developed over the last thirty years since the 1980s. Characterising the shift from observable literacy events to the cultural and conceptual level of literacy practices is a major task for literacy theorists and practitioners. In order to achieve this, this article suggests expanding the NLS by proposing a new concept-the " literacy events network " as an intermediary bridge between literacy events and literacy practices. To elucidate this concept, we apply it in a case study of a Chinese migrant adolescent's multiliteracy practices in online news reading which moves between China and Britain. This case study demonstrates the trajectory of building up literacy practices and how components of single literacy events, literacy events networks and literacy practices are connected.
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