The menace of food insecurity precipitated by climate change, zoonotic diseases and natural disas... more The menace of food insecurity precipitated by climate change, zoonotic diseases and natural disasters poses a great threat to the sub-Saharan African region. Promoting food security and sustainable food systems is a priority for enhancing development in Africa. Holistic techniques such as _one health _approach recognises the linkages between the health of people, animals and the environment, and foster collaboration among various disciplines and stakeholders to address complex challenges. This review explored one health as a holistic approach in contributing to improved food security and sustainable food systems in African agriculture. Reviewed studies provided ample evidences demonstrating the robustness of one health approach as a multidisciplinary approach capable of increasing food production while enhancing health and environmental sustainability. The one health approach is not without challenges, however its capacity to encompass education and capacity building, policy formula...
African Journal of Agricultural Research, Nov 20, 2014
Some botanicals were assayed in two laboratory trials for their relative toxicities to African eg... more Some botanicals were assayed in two laboratory trials for their relative toxicities to African eggplant (Solanum aethiopicum L.
International Journal of Scientific Research, 2012
Field studies were conducted in 2011 and 2012 rainy seasons to evaluate seven genotypes/lines of ... more Field studies were conducted in 2011 and 2012 rainy seasons to evaluate seven genotypes/lines of tomato for fungal disease problems. Tomato seedlings raised in the nursery and later transplanted to the field were observed for fungal disease symptoms. The design of the experiment was randomized complete block design (RCBD) with four rep- lications. The tomato plants with symptoms were taken to the laboratory for isolation and identification. The results showed that Fusarium oxysporum and Rhizopus stolonifer were the predominant fungal pathogens isolated from tomato lines. Therefore, they were considered as the most endemic fungal pathogen affecting tomato in Nsukka south eastern Nigeria.
ABSTRACT The S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine hydrolase (Sah1) plays a crucial role in methylation and l... more ABSTRACT The S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine hydrolase (Sah1) plays a crucial role in methylation and lipid metabolism in yeast and mammals, yet its function remains elusive in filamentous fungi. In this study, we characterized Sah1 in the phytopathogenic fungus F. graminearum by generating knockout and knockout-complemented strains of FgSAH1. We found that the FgSah1-GFP fusion protein was localized to the cytoplasm, and that deletion of FgSAH1 resulted in defects in vegetative growth, asexual and sexual reproduction, stress responses, virulence, lipid metabolism, and tolerance against fungicides. Moreover, the accumulations of S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine (AdoHcy) and S-adenosyl-L-methionine (AdoMet) (the methyl group donor in most methyl transfer reactions) in ΔFgSah1 were seven- and ninefold higher than those in the wild-type strain, respectively. All of these defective phenotypes in ΔFgSah1 mutants were rescued by target gene complementation. Taken together, these results demonstrate that FgSah1 plays essential roles in methylation metabolism, fungal development, full virulence, multiple stress responses, lipid metabolism, and fungicide sensitivity in F. graminearum. To our knowledge, this is the first report on the systematic functional characterization of Sah1 in F. graminearum.
The S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine hydrolase (Sah1) plays a crucial role in methylation and lipid meta... more The S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine hydrolase (Sah1) plays a crucial role in methylation and lipid metabolism in yeast and mammals, yet its function remains elusive in filamentous fungi. In this study, we characterized Sah1 in the phytopathogenic fungus <i>F. graminearum</i> by generating knockout and knockout-complemented strains of <i>FgSAH1</i>. We found that the FgSah1-GFP fusion protein was localized to the cytoplasm, and that deletion of <i>FgSAH1</i> resulted in defects in vegetative growth, asexual and sexual reproduction, stress responses, virulence, lipid metabolism, and tolerance against fungicides. Moreover, the accumulations of S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine (AdoHcy) and S-adenosyl-L-methionine (AdoMet) (the methyl group donor in most methyl transfer reactions) in Δ<i>FgSah1</i> were seven- and ninefold higher than those in the wild-type strain, respectively. All of these defective phenotypes in Δ<i>FgSah1</i> mutants wer...
International journal of scientific research, 2012
The effect of ethanolic extracts of Carica papaya and Azadirachta indica leaves, Zingiber officin... more The effect of ethanolic extracts of Carica papaya and Azadirachta indica leaves, Zingiber officinale stem and Garcinia cola seeds at 0.030g/ml, 0.060g/ml, 0.120g/ml and 0.250g/ml concentrations on the leaf spot disease in eggplant (Solanum aethiopicum L.) caused by Helminthosporium infestans was tested in the laboratory using Potato Dextrose Agar (PDA). All the plant extracts assayed inhibited the growth of the fungus at different degrees when compared with the untreated control 14 days after inoculation. At 3 days of inoculation, the highest anti -fungal activities were observed for seed extracts of G. kola (90%) at 0.0120g/ml followed by leaf extracts of C. papaya (59.54%) at 0.250g/ml, then 0.030g/ml (59.15%) and 0.060g/ml (55.80%) of G. kola. At these concentrations, leaves and seeds of G. cola and C. papaya respectively were significantly (P<0.05) more toxic to H. infestans than the other plant extracts tested. The result also indicated that these plant extracts were signifi...
The menace of food insecurity precipitated by climate change, zoonotic diseases and natural disas... more The menace of food insecurity precipitated by climate change, zoonotic diseases and natural disasters poses a great threat to the sub-Saharan African region. Promoting food security and sustainable food systems is a priority for enhancing development in Africa. Holistic techniques such as _one health _approach recognises the linkages between the health of people, animals and the environment, and foster collaboration among various disciplines and stakeholders to address complex challenges. This review explored one health as a holistic approach in contributing to improved food security and sustainable food systems in African agriculture. Reviewed studies provided ample evidences demonstrating the robustness of one health approach as a multidisciplinary approach capable of increasing food production while enhancing health and environmental sustainability. The one health approach is not without challenges, however its capacity to encompass education and capacity building, policy formula...
African Journal of Agricultural Research, Nov 20, 2014
Some botanicals were assayed in two laboratory trials for their relative toxicities to African eg... more Some botanicals were assayed in two laboratory trials for their relative toxicities to African eggplant (Solanum aethiopicum L.
International Journal of Scientific Research, 2012
Field studies were conducted in 2011 and 2012 rainy seasons to evaluate seven genotypes/lines of ... more Field studies were conducted in 2011 and 2012 rainy seasons to evaluate seven genotypes/lines of tomato for fungal disease problems. Tomato seedlings raised in the nursery and later transplanted to the field were observed for fungal disease symptoms. The design of the experiment was randomized complete block design (RCBD) with four rep- lications. The tomato plants with symptoms were taken to the laboratory for isolation and identification. The results showed that Fusarium oxysporum and Rhizopus stolonifer were the predominant fungal pathogens isolated from tomato lines. Therefore, they were considered as the most endemic fungal pathogen affecting tomato in Nsukka south eastern Nigeria.
ABSTRACT The S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine hydrolase (Sah1) plays a crucial role in methylation and l... more ABSTRACT The S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine hydrolase (Sah1) plays a crucial role in methylation and lipid metabolism in yeast and mammals, yet its function remains elusive in filamentous fungi. In this study, we characterized Sah1 in the phytopathogenic fungus F. graminearum by generating knockout and knockout-complemented strains of FgSAH1. We found that the FgSah1-GFP fusion protein was localized to the cytoplasm, and that deletion of FgSAH1 resulted in defects in vegetative growth, asexual and sexual reproduction, stress responses, virulence, lipid metabolism, and tolerance against fungicides. Moreover, the accumulations of S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine (AdoHcy) and S-adenosyl-L-methionine (AdoMet) (the methyl group donor in most methyl transfer reactions) in ΔFgSah1 were seven- and ninefold higher than those in the wild-type strain, respectively. All of these defective phenotypes in ΔFgSah1 mutants were rescued by target gene complementation. Taken together, these results demonstrate that FgSah1 plays essential roles in methylation metabolism, fungal development, full virulence, multiple stress responses, lipid metabolism, and fungicide sensitivity in F. graminearum. To our knowledge, this is the first report on the systematic functional characterization of Sah1 in F. graminearum.
The S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine hydrolase (Sah1) plays a crucial role in methylation and lipid meta... more The S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine hydrolase (Sah1) plays a crucial role in methylation and lipid metabolism in yeast and mammals, yet its function remains elusive in filamentous fungi. In this study, we characterized Sah1 in the phytopathogenic fungus <i>F. graminearum</i> by generating knockout and knockout-complemented strains of <i>FgSAH1</i>. We found that the FgSah1-GFP fusion protein was localized to the cytoplasm, and that deletion of <i>FgSAH1</i> resulted in defects in vegetative growth, asexual and sexual reproduction, stress responses, virulence, lipid metabolism, and tolerance against fungicides. Moreover, the accumulations of S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine (AdoHcy) and S-adenosyl-L-methionine (AdoMet) (the methyl group donor in most methyl transfer reactions) in Δ<i>FgSah1</i> were seven- and ninefold higher than those in the wild-type strain, respectively. All of these defective phenotypes in Δ<i>FgSah1</i> mutants wer...
International journal of scientific research, 2012
The effect of ethanolic extracts of Carica papaya and Azadirachta indica leaves, Zingiber officin... more The effect of ethanolic extracts of Carica papaya and Azadirachta indica leaves, Zingiber officinale stem and Garcinia cola seeds at 0.030g/ml, 0.060g/ml, 0.120g/ml and 0.250g/ml concentrations on the leaf spot disease in eggplant (Solanum aethiopicum L.) caused by Helminthosporium infestans was tested in the laboratory using Potato Dextrose Agar (PDA). All the plant extracts assayed inhibited the growth of the fungus at different degrees when compared with the untreated control 14 days after inoculation. At 3 days of inoculation, the highest anti -fungal activities were observed for seed extracts of G. kola (90%) at 0.0120g/ml followed by leaf extracts of C. papaya (59.54%) at 0.250g/ml, then 0.030g/ml (59.15%) and 0.060g/ml (55.80%) of G. kola. At these concentrations, leaves and seeds of G. cola and C. papaya respectively were significantly (P<0.05) more toxic to H. infestans than the other plant extracts tested. The result also indicated that these plant extracts were signifi...
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