This fifth volume of Futhark contains selected papers from the Seventh International Symposium on... more This fifth volume of Futhark contains selected papers from the Seventh International Symposium on Runes and Runic Inscriptions, which took place in Oslo, 9-15 August 2010. It constitutes the second part of the proceedings; the first, comprising published plenary lectures, was printed in Futhark, vol. 4. The theme of the symposium was "Runes in Context". Pre-publication papers are found at http://www.khm.uio.no/english/research/publications/ 7th-symposium-preprints. Six of the non-plenary papers have already been published either in this journal or elsewhere, sometimes under a new title: Hannes Martin Graf's "Schrifttheoretische Überlegungen zu nicht-lexikalischen Inschriften aus dem südgermanischen Runen korpus" (Futhark 2: 103-22); Martin Findell's "The Germanic Diphthongs in the Con ti nental Runic Inscriptions" (Futhark 3: 45-58); Svante Fischer's "Finsta i Skederid (U.ATA3916/47)" (Futhark 3: 125-34
We promised in the foreword to the previous number of this journal, Futhark 8, that every effort ... more We promised in the foreword to the previous number of this journal, Futhark 8, that every effort would be made to restore the publication plan to schedule. We have accomplished this by putting together a double issue, 9-10, which therefore is the thickest Futhark yet produced. This has been made possible by more contributions than usual, some of which have been awaiting publication for a year or more. An additional factor in the rapid publication rate in the last few months is the fact that there are now three chief editors, as Michael Lerche Niel sen from the University of Copenhagen has joined us and assumed responsibility for handling a number of articles. Thus, the editorial board now consists of runologists representing three Scandinavian countries, which is also a prerequisite for receiving financial support from the Nordic Board for Periodicals in the Humanities and Social Sciences (NOP-HS). We are grateful for their previous publication grants, which we are hope ful of regaining, and we would also like to thank Charles and Myrna Smith in St. Paul, Minnesota, whose regular contributions to Uppsala Runic Forum enable the publication of not only this journal but much other runological work. This issue contains the usual wide range of articles and contributions, of which we would like to highlight the second installment of Hanna Åker ström's compilation dissertation and the second major piece on the inter pretation of the Rök stone inscription. The idea of launching a journal for runic studies was proposed by James Knirk and Futhark 1 was published in 2010. After ten years our journal must be considered well established and widely recognized enough to appear without a foreword in future issues.
The idea of a runological periodical is not new. Already in 1908 L. Fr. (Frits) Läffler tried to ... more The idea of a runological periodical is not new. Already in 1908 L. Fr. (Frits) Läffler tried to persuade the The Royal Swedish Academy of Letters, History and Antiquities to start a journal called Runa: Tidskrift för runforskning. Läffler had the support of the great runologists Magnus Olsen in Oslo and Ludvig Wimmer in Copenhagen, but the scheme was foiled since there was a fear in Sweden that Runa would compete with the already initiated publication of Sveriges runinskrifter. One hundred years later James Knirk took the initiative to launch a journal for runic studies. This is its first issue. The periodical is a cooperative effort between the runological centers in Oslo and Uppsala. Our sincere desire is that it will prove to be a welcome outlet for runic studies that are not in the form of monographs. Contributions are invited in Danish, English, German, Norwegian and Swedish. Please visit our website http://www. futhark-journal.com for further information. We take the word runic to refer to all scientific study dealing with phe nomena related to objects bearing runes (within the Germanic tradition). Not only runologists in the stricter sense are thus welcome, but also archaeologists, historians in various disciplines, theologians, etc., who work with runes or runic inscriptions, as well as phenomena otherwise connected with runic objects. The first issue of Futhark is primarily devoted to presenting selected papers from the Sixth International Symposium on Runes and Runic Inscriptions, held in Lancaster in 2005. Michael Barnes and Judith Jesch have kindly served as guest editors for this part. The remainder of the issue is dedicated to reviews. There may be other sections, as well, in the future. A journal starting in 2010 has to decide what the ideal form of publication is. We have chosen the best of the two worlds, i.e. both a freely available digital version and the choice of ordering a traditional paper copy. We hope that Futhark: International Journal of Runic Studies will be well received among scholars and other readers interested in runic matters.
The first corpus edition of Norwegian runic inscriptions appeared as part of Ole Worm's Monumenta... more The first corpus edition of Norwegian runic inscriptions appeared as part of Ole Worm's Monumenta Danica and contained only fifty items. In 1864, Sophus Bugge began working with runes and later conceived the idea of producing a modern corpus edition. Norway's inscriptions with older runes (NIaeR) ap peared under his name and that of his successor, Magnus Olsen, from 1891-1924; the work is outdated and has been supplanted by supranational editions of the older futhark corpus. Magnus Olsen began publication of Norway's in scrip tions with younger runes (NIyR) in 1937-41 and was assisted after 1948 by Aslak Liestøl, who was responsible for the Norwegian Runic Archives. The five volumes published by 1960 were initially intended to be a complete corpus pub li cation. However, archaeological excavations after the fire at Bryggen ('the [Hanse atic] Wharf') in Bergen in 1955 ultimately produced almost as many new inscrip tions as had been published in the first five volumes and since then there have been many more new Norwegian finds. At least six further volumes will be needed to accommodate this additional material; one has appeared and another is nearing completion. The series is well illustrated, extensively indexed and in general restrained, although in the first five volumes Magnus Olsen could on occasion indulge in speculation and even flights of fantasy.
The stone inscribed with older runes from Fuglset in Molde municipality, west ern Norway, was fou... more The stone inscribed with older runes from Fuglset in Molde municipality, west ern Norway, was found in 1939 and published by Magnus Olsen in 1941. It is men tioned in a footnote in Krause and Jankuhn's corpus edition (1966) and at present forms an entry in the Scandinavian Runic Text Database and in the Kiel older runic database ("Kieler Runendatei"). Since the mid1980s, however, the head of the Runic Archives in Oslo had strongly suspected it to be modern. Thus it came to be included in the corpus of an Oslo thesis from 2001 on Nor wegian postReformation runic inscriptions. More recently it came to the atten tion of the Runic Archives that the finder had in 1997 sent a letter to the Uni ver sity Museum in Trondheim in which he owned up to having himself carved the runes and set the record straight.
Review of Runestudiar: Festskrift til Jan Ragnar Hagland. Eds. Ivar Berg, Arnold Dalen, and Karin... more Review of Runestudiar: Festskrift til Jan Ragnar Hagland. Eds. Ivar Berg, Arnold Dalen, and Karin Fjellhammer Seim. Trondheim: Akademika forlag [now: Fagbokforlaget Vigmostad & Bjorke], 2013. 285 pp. ISBN 978-82321-0215-0.
The first corpus edition of Norwegian runic inscriptions appeared as part of Ole Worm's Monumenta... more The first corpus edition of Norwegian runic inscriptions appeared as part of Ole Worm's Monumenta Danica and contained only fifty items. In 1864, Sophus Bugge began working with runes and later conceived the idea of producing a modern corpus edition. Norway's inscriptions with older runes (NIaeR) ap peared under his name and that of his successor, Magnus Olsen, from 1891-1924; the work is outdated and has been supplanted by supranational editions of the older futhark corpus. Magnus Olsen began publication of Norway's in scrip tions with younger runes (NIyR) in 1937-41 and was assisted after 1948 by Aslak Liestøl, who was responsible for the Norwegian Runic Archives. The five volumes published by 1960 were initially intended to be a complete corpus pub li cation. However, archaeological excavations after the fire at Bryggen ('the [Hanse atic] Wharf') in Bergen in 1955 ultimately produced almost as many new inscrip tions as had been published in the first five volumes and since then there have been many more new Norwegian finds. At least six further volumes will be needed to accommodate this additional material; one has appeared and another is nearing completion. The series is well illustrated, extensively indexed and in general restrained, although in the first five volumes Magnus Olsen could on occasion indulge in speculation and even flights of fantasy.
Futhark: International Journal of Runic Studies, 2012
As the first entry among "miscellaneous texts" in her presentation in Futhark vol. 1 of runes in ... more As the first entry among "miscellaneous texts" in her presentation in Futhark vol. 1 of runes in post-reformation Icelandic manuscripts, Alessia Bauer (2010, 218 f.) transcribed five lines in Lbs 2565 8vo, a work dated to 1804. While reviewing the article, an editor of the journal identified the type of text and noticed probable errors in the reading. Unfortunately, this discovery came at too late a stage to allow for examination of the manuscript and improvement of the presentation. Alessia Bauer obtained photographs of the manuscript in 2011, and corrections and supplementary material are here made available. (Concerning the availability now on the Internet of photographs of the entire manuscript, see below.) The correct reading of the quoted text in Lbs 2565 8vo on 37r is: raasen.þrisuar.rigner freir.rackasaungur unden.saerder.iardar siner.tueir.suidriks þulde funden
Futhark: International Journal of Runic Studies, 2012
The horn was offered again by Bruun Rasmussen at Internet auction 1111 as item no. 1641, this tim... more The horn was offered again by Bruun Rasmussen at Internet auction 1111 as item no. 1641, this time described as follows: "Islandsk kohorn fra syd landet, rigt udskåret med profil portraetter, blomster og bladvaerk samt rune inskription. 19. årh.s midte. L. 46. NB Senere monteret repareret spuns" ("Icelandic cattle horn from southern Iceland, richly carved with profile portraits, flowers and foliage as well as a runic inscription. Mid-19th century. Length 46 cm. Note: Later mounted [or] repaired bung"); see http://www.bruun-rasmussen.dk/search.do?pg=1&iid=300355534&cid=456 &mode=detail (accessed 18 March 2011). The horn was sold on 17 March, the bidding won by Minjar og saga, the association of friends of the National Museum of Iceland (Þjóðminjasafn); it was then given to the museum and received the inventory number Þjms. 2011-52. By coincidence the National Museum of Iceland had in February opened an eleven-month-long temporary exhibition of carved horns entitled "Velkomnir vinir!" ("Welcome friends!"; see the catalogue, edited by Lilja Árnadóttir, Guðvelkomnir, góðir vinir! Útskorin íslensk horn / Be ye welcome, good my friends! Icelandic carved horns, Rit Þjóðminjasafns Íslands 24, Reykjavík 2011). The horn is apparently now intended to resemble a powder horn (see fig. 1); at any rate, the wooden plug at the base, mounted sometime after the
Futhark: International Journal of Runic Studies 5 : Containing proceedings of the Seventh Interna... more Futhark: International Journal of Runic Studies 5 : Containing proceedings of the Seventh International Symposium on Runes and Runic Inscriptions, Oslo, 9–14 August 2010. Part 2: Selected papers
This fifth volume of Futhark contains selected papers from the Seventh International Symposium on... more This fifth volume of Futhark contains selected papers from the Seventh International Symposium on Runes and Runic Inscriptions, which took place in Oslo, 9-15 August 2010. It constitutes the second part of the proceedings; the first, comprising published plenary lectures, was printed in Futhark, vol. 4. The theme of the symposium was "Runes in Context". Pre-publication papers are found at http://www.khm.uio.no/english/research/publications/ 7th-symposium-preprints. Six of the non-plenary papers have already been published either in this journal or elsewhere, sometimes under a new title: Hannes Martin Graf's "Schrifttheoretische Überlegungen zu nicht-lexikalischen Inschriften aus dem südgermanischen Runen korpus" (Futhark 2: 103-22); Martin Findell's "The Germanic Diphthongs in the Con ti nental Runic Inscriptions" (Futhark 3: 45-58); Svante Fischer's "Finsta i Skederid (U.ATA3916/47)" (Futhark 3: 125-34
We promised in the foreword to the previous number of this journal, Futhark 8, that every effort ... more We promised in the foreword to the previous number of this journal, Futhark 8, that every effort would be made to restore the publication plan to schedule. We have accomplished this by putting together a double issue, 9-10, which therefore is the thickest Futhark yet produced. This has been made possible by more contributions than usual, some of which have been awaiting publication for a year or more. An additional factor in the rapid publication rate in the last few months is the fact that there are now three chief editors, as Michael Lerche Niel sen from the University of Copenhagen has joined us and assumed responsibility for handling a number of articles. Thus, the editorial board now consists of runologists representing three Scandinavian countries, which is also a prerequisite for receiving financial support from the Nordic Board for Periodicals in the Humanities and Social Sciences (NOP-HS). We are grateful for their previous publication grants, which we are hope ful of regaining, and we would also like to thank Charles and Myrna Smith in St. Paul, Minnesota, whose regular contributions to Uppsala Runic Forum enable the publication of not only this journal but much other runological work. This issue contains the usual wide range of articles and contributions, of which we would like to highlight the second installment of Hanna Åker ström's compilation dissertation and the second major piece on the inter pretation of the Rök stone inscription. The idea of launching a journal for runic studies was proposed by James Knirk and Futhark 1 was published in 2010. After ten years our journal must be considered well established and widely recognized enough to appear without a foreword in future issues.
The idea of a runological periodical is not new. Already in 1908 L. Fr. (Frits) Läffler tried to ... more The idea of a runological periodical is not new. Already in 1908 L. Fr. (Frits) Läffler tried to persuade the The Royal Swedish Academy of Letters, History and Antiquities to start a journal called Runa: Tidskrift för runforskning. Läffler had the support of the great runologists Magnus Olsen in Oslo and Ludvig Wimmer in Copenhagen, but the scheme was foiled since there was a fear in Sweden that Runa would compete with the already initiated publication of Sveriges runinskrifter. One hundred years later James Knirk took the initiative to launch a journal for runic studies. This is its first issue. The periodical is a cooperative effort between the runological centers in Oslo and Uppsala. Our sincere desire is that it will prove to be a welcome outlet for runic studies that are not in the form of monographs. Contributions are invited in Danish, English, German, Norwegian and Swedish. Please visit our website http://www. futhark-journal.com for further information. We take the word runic to refer to all scientific study dealing with phe nomena related to objects bearing runes (within the Germanic tradition). Not only runologists in the stricter sense are thus welcome, but also archaeologists, historians in various disciplines, theologians, etc., who work with runes or runic inscriptions, as well as phenomena otherwise connected with runic objects. The first issue of Futhark is primarily devoted to presenting selected papers from the Sixth International Symposium on Runes and Runic Inscriptions, held in Lancaster in 2005. Michael Barnes and Judith Jesch have kindly served as guest editors for this part. The remainder of the issue is dedicated to reviews. There may be other sections, as well, in the future. A journal starting in 2010 has to decide what the ideal form of publication is. We have chosen the best of the two worlds, i.e. both a freely available digital version and the choice of ordering a traditional paper copy. We hope that Futhark: International Journal of Runic Studies will be well received among scholars and other readers interested in runic matters.
The first corpus edition of Norwegian runic inscriptions appeared as part of Ole Worm's Monumenta... more The first corpus edition of Norwegian runic inscriptions appeared as part of Ole Worm's Monumenta Danica and contained only fifty items. In 1864, Sophus Bugge began working with runes and later conceived the idea of producing a modern corpus edition. Norway's inscriptions with older runes (NIaeR) ap peared under his name and that of his successor, Magnus Olsen, from 1891-1924; the work is outdated and has been supplanted by supranational editions of the older futhark corpus. Magnus Olsen began publication of Norway's in scrip tions with younger runes (NIyR) in 1937-41 and was assisted after 1948 by Aslak Liestøl, who was responsible for the Norwegian Runic Archives. The five volumes published by 1960 were initially intended to be a complete corpus pub li cation. However, archaeological excavations after the fire at Bryggen ('the [Hanse atic] Wharf') in Bergen in 1955 ultimately produced almost as many new inscrip tions as had been published in the first five volumes and since then there have been many more new Norwegian finds. At least six further volumes will be needed to accommodate this additional material; one has appeared and another is nearing completion. The series is well illustrated, extensively indexed and in general restrained, although in the first five volumes Magnus Olsen could on occasion indulge in speculation and even flights of fantasy.
The stone inscribed with older runes from Fuglset in Molde municipality, west ern Norway, was fou... more The stone inscribed with older runes from Fuglset in Molde municipality, west ern Norway, was found in 1939 and published by Magnus Olsen in 1941. It is men tioned in a footnote in Krause and Jankuhn's corpus edition (1966) and at present forms an entry in the Scandinavian Runic Text Database and in the Kiel older runic database ("Kieler Runendatei"). Since the mid1980s, however, the head of the Runic Archives in Oslo had strongly suspected it to be modern. Thus it came to be included in the corpus of an Oslo thesis from 2001 on Nor wegian postReformation runic inscriptions. More recently it came to the atten tion of the Runic Archives that the finder had in 1997 sent a letter to the Uni ver sity Museum in Trondheim in which he owned up to having himself carved the runes and set the record straight.
Review of Runestudiar: Festskrift til Jan Ragnar Hagland. Eds. Ivar Berg, Arnold Dalen, and Karin... more Review of Runestudiar: Festskrift til Jan Ragnar Hagland. Eds. Ivar Berg, Arnold Dalen, and Karin Fjellhammer Seim. Trondheim: Akademika forlag [now: Fagbokforlaget Vigmostad & Bjorke], 2013. 285 pp. ISBN 978-82321-0215-0.
The first corpus edition of Norwegian runic inscriptions appeared as part of Ole Worm's Monumenta... more The first corpus edition of Norwegian runic inscriptions appeared as part of Ole Worm's Monumenta Danica and contained only fifty items. In 1864, Sophus Bugge began working with runes and later conceived the idea of producing a modern corpus edition. Norway's inscriptions with older runes (NIaeR) ap peared under his name and that of his successor, Magnus Olsen, from 1891-1924; the work is outdated and has been supplanted by supranational editions of the older futhark corpus. Magnus Olsen began publication of Norway's in scrip tions with younger runes (NIyR) in 1937-41 and was assisted after 1948 by Aslak Liestøl, who was responsible for the Norwegian Runic Archives. The five volumes published by 1960 were initially intended to be a complete corpus pub li cation. However, archaeological excavations after the fire at Bryggen ('the [Hanse atic] Wharf') in Bergen in 1955 ultimately produced almost as many new inscrip tions as had been published in the first five volumes and since then there have been many more new Norwegian finds. At least six further volumes will be needed to accommodate this additional material; one has appeared and another is nearing completion. The series is well illustrated, extensively indexed and in general restrained, although in the first five volumes Magnus Olsen could on occasion indulge in speculation and even flights of fantasy.
Futhark: International Journal of Runic Studies, 2012
As the first entry among "miscellaneous texts" in her presentation in Futhark vol. 1 of runes in ... more As the first entry among "miscellaneous texts" in her presentation in Futhark vol. 1 of runes in post-reformation Icelandic manuscripts, Alessia Bauer (2010, 218 f.) transcribed five lines in Lbs 2565 8vo, a work dated to 1804. While reviewing the article, an editor of the journal identified the type of text and noticed probable errors in the reading. Unfortunately, this discovery came at too late a stage to allow for examination of the manuscript and improvement of the presentation. Alessia Bauer obtained photographs of the manuscript in 2011, and corrections and supplementary material are here made available. (Concerning the availability now on the Internet of photographs of the entire manuscript, see below.) The correct reading of the quoted text in Lbs 2565 8vo on 37r is: raasen.þrisuar.rigner freir.rackasaungur unden.saerder.iardar siner.tueir.suidriks þulde funden
Futhark: International Journal of Runic Studies, 2012
The horn was offered again by Bruun Rasmussen at Internet auction 1111 as item no. 1641, this tim... more The horn was offered again by Bruun Rasmussen at Internet auction 1111 as item no. 1641, this time described as follows: "Islandsk kohorn fra syd landet, rigt udskåret med profil portraetter, blomster og bladvaerk samt rune inskription. 19. årh.s midte. L. 46. NB Senere monteret repareret spuns" ("Icelandic cattle horn from southern Iceland, richly carved with profile portraits, flowers and foliage as well as a runic inscription. Mid-19th century. Length 46 cm. Note: Later mounted [or] repaired bung"); see http://www.bruun-rasmussen.dk/search.do?pg=1&iid=300355534&cid=456 &mode=detail (accessed 18 March 2011). The horn was sold on 17 March, the bidding won by Minjar og saga, the association of friends of the National Museum of Iceland (Þjóðminjasafn); it was then given to the museum and received the inventory number Þjms. 2011-52. By coincidence the National Museum of Iceland had in February opened an eleven-month-long temporary exhibition of carved horns entitled "Velkomnir vinir!" ("Welcome friends!"; see the catalogue, edited by Lilja Árnadóttir, Guðvelkomnir, góðir vinir! Útskorin íslensk horn / Be ye welcome, good my friends! Icelandic carved horns, Rit Þjóðminjasafns Íslands 24, Reykjavík 2011). The horn is apparently now intended to resemble a powder horn (see fig. 1); at any rate, the wooden plug at the base, mounted sometime after the
Futhark: International Journal of Runic Studies 5 : Containing proceedings of the Seventh Interna... more Futhark: International Journal of Runic Studies 5 : Containing proceedings of the Seventh International Symposium on Runes and Runic Inscriptions, Oslo, 9–14 August 2010. Part 2: Selected papers
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Papers by James Knirk