Papers by Jacqueline Stagner
Volume 3: Fluid Machinery; Erosion, Slurry, Sedimentation; Experimental, Multiscale, and Numerical Methods for Multiphase Flows; Gas-Liquid, Gas-Solid, and Liquid-Solid Flows; Performance of Multiphase Flow Systems; Micro/Nano-Fluidics, 2018
To better understand the workings of submersible tubular pumping system and to enable future impr... more To better understand the workings of submersible tubular pumping system and to enable future improvements, the pressure fluctuation and unsteady flow characteristics due to the complex rotor-stator interactions need to be properly delineated. High-frequency pressure measurements coupled with CFD simulations have been invoked in this study to elucidate the unsteady flow in different components of a submersible tubular pumping system at different discharges. The focus is on the impeller and guide vane, where the unsteady interaction is the strongest. The pressure pulsation distributions of different characteristic cross sections such as impeller exit, middle of guide vane, and exit of guide vane were quantified. In addition, the flow characteristics and the turbulent kinetic energy inside the impeller, guide vane, and bulb unit were obtained at the different time steps. The results show that the pressure pulsation frequency obtained by simulation was in agreement with the experimental...
Wind and Solar Based Energy Systems for Communities, 2018
This paper presents the first part of results of a research project funded by the Science and Tec... more This paper presents the first part of results of a research project funded by the Science and Technology Development Fund (STDF) to build an optimized solar semi pilot co-generation integrated complex which would be used to provide families in farms simultaneously with electricity, water and food from one source of fuel (solar energy). The importance of this project lies in its two fold purposes; full use of recovered heat of the system and increase food yield per unit area of land and per cubic meter of irrigated water to save costs. The system size is designed for the use of a single family. It consists of a Green House (GH) of 50 m area. 2 This GH used in winter for hydroponic cultivation which is characterized by its low water consumption for irrigation per day, (nearly between 100-150 liters per day) and no need for soil. In summer, the GH is used for solar drying of agricultural products. A photovoltaic/thermal (PV/T) system is used to supply this complex with the necessary electricity (2 kW) for the family lighting and other requirements of water desalination and hydroponic irrigation. A heat recovery system is used to utilize the heat produced from cooling the PV through a heat exchanger. The collected heated water during day time is stored. A small solar thermal desalination unit is constructed to produce the necessary potable water for family drinking and hydroponic cultivation. Two modified continuous operation active solar stills are investigated to determine the most suitable system from the performance and cost points of view to be used in the complex. The two stills utilizes solar energy for water desalination during day time while utilizing heat energy stored in hot water resulting from PV cooling during night. The first design is of multi glass condensers solar still while the second is consisted from three stepped basins. Tests of the two are carried out under climatic conditions of Egypt (30° latitude). Results of the two stills yields are compared with each other and with that of simple basin type. Experimental results show that the yields of the two stills are 6.55 and 7.5 litres/m /day when desalination is during day time only, while yields 2 increase to 9.15 and 9.75 litres/m /day for the two types, respectively as a result of using heat recovery system 2 during night. The percentage increase of their yields than ordinary still is 103% and 116%, while percentage increase in costs are 42.8% and 51.4%, respectively.
International Journal of Environmental Studies, 2017
Desalination is an important means to meet water needs in many countries. The existing process is... more Desalination is an important means to meet water needs in many countries. The existing process is costly and energy intensive and further strains the environment with brine disposal and greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions. This paper describes several factors that are to be considered in desalination plants, such as the use of the land, the contamination of groundwater and the marine environment, the use of energy, and noise pollution. One major indirect environmental impact is the production of the energy required to run the desalination plants, particularly from burning oil, which increases GHG emissions. The carbon footprints associated with sea water desalination plants in the United Arab Emirates are assessed along with the other factors affecting human and marine life. There is no standard environmental impact assessment method, but the World Health Organization has begun work to produce one.
Sustainable Energy Technologies and Assessments, 2017
Sustainable and cost-effective water treatment systems are critical elements to developing nation... more Sustainable and cost-effective water treatment systems are critical elements to developing nations. In India, the human population is escalating while the water availability is lagging behind. An adaptable, affordable, and sustainable wastewater treatment system powered by wind/solar energy is proposed based on proven theory and technology. A household in India is singled out to illustrate the workings of the proposed system, where the wastewater is recirculated through a hybrid of water purifiers powered by solar/wind energy. The system demonstrated here is specifically designed for small-scale applications, i.e., for a single household. The solar still has been divided into four stages. Partial vacuum is created inside the still so as to obtain boiling point temperatures of 70°C, 67°C, 62°C and 50°C in the four stages. Dhanbad, India 23.79°N, 86.43°E, with an average solar intensity of 850 W/m 2 for 6 h a day, has been used for this study. A lumped parameter mathematical model was developed for this study. With an aperture area of 2.5 m 2 , the total amount of water distilled is found to be 43.3 kg/day. The system proposed is more efficient than existing systems as it is able to achieve efficiencies as high as 53%. The effect of wind speed on distillate output yield has also been discussed.
2015 ASEE Annual Conference and Exposition Proceedings
neering at the University of Windsor. She holds degrees in Mathematics and Engineering from Queen... more neering at the University of Windsor. She holds degrees in Mathematics and Engineering from Queen's University in Kingston (B.Sc., M.A.Sc.) and Mechanical Engineering from the University of Windsor (Ph.D.). She began a career in automotive research as a product development engineer at the University of Windsor/Chrysler Canada Automotive Research and Development Centre (ARDC), conducting vehicle durability studies and associated research activities in the Road Test Simulation (RTS) laboratory. In 2005, she joined the University of Windsor as an Experiential Learning Specialist, focusing on teaching and educational research in hands-on learning and cooperative education as it relates to undergraduate engineering. She has developed neural network models for automotive rubber bushings for incorporation in durability simulations with the goal of accelerating product development. Additional work related to the field of composites includes design of hybrid steel/GFRP composites as applied to vehicle and aircraft structures for light weighting purposes and multi-objective optimization methods for tube hydroforming processes. Dr. Johrendt often volunteers as a Society of Automotive Engineers Technical Session Organizer for the World Congress. She is also an active member of engineering outreach committees in her community.
Environmental Issues in Automotive Industry, 2013
As the manufacturing and operation of vehicles become increasingly efficient, the environmental i... more As the manufacturing and operation of vehicles become increasingly efficient, the environmental impacts of vehicles at the end-of-life phase become more significant. However, the effective recovery of recyclable parts and materials (particularly plastics) from end-of-life vehicles (ELVs) is fraught with challenges. For example, limited market demand for particular part and material types, dismantling difficulties (e.g., rusted part fasteners; welded parts assemblages), and non-uniformity of legislated controls and/or restrictions will influence the successful recovery and recycling of dismantled parts and materials. Automotive material variety and complexity combined with the limited effectiveness of processing technologies for liberating and separating automotive materials (plastics in particular) into sufficiently pure and recyclable material streams tend to limit materials recovery and recycling to principally automotive ferrous and non-ferrous metals. This chapter presents an overview and conceptual analysis of vehicle end-of-life issues to develop strategies and implement actions that can decrease the lifecycle impact of automobiles in their last and perhaps least understood stage.
Waste management & research : the journal of the International Solid Wastes and Public Cleansing Association, ISWA, 2013
Plastics continue to be a challenge for recovering materials at the end-of-life for vehicles. How... more Plastics continue to be a challenge for recovering materials at the end-of-life for vehicles. However, it may be possible to improve the recovery of plastics by exploiting material characteristics, such as shape, or by altering their behavior, such as through temperature changes, in relation to recovery processes and handling. Samples of a 2009 Dodge Challenger front fascia were shredded in a laboratory-scale hammer mill shredder. A 2 × 2 factorial design study was performed to determine the effect of sample shape (flat versus curved) and sample temperature (room temperature versus cryogenic temperature) on the size of the particles exiting from the shredder. It was determined that sample shape does not affect the particle size; however, sample temperature does affect the particle size. At cryogenic temperatures, the distribution of particle sizes is much narrower than at room temperature. Having a more uniform particle size could make recovery of plastic particles, such as these mo...
Journal of Polymers and the Environment, 2011
Abstract Modified thermoplastic high amylose starch (MTPS) was synthesized by reactive extrusion ... more Abstract Modified thermoplastic high amylose starch (MTPS) was synthesized by reactive extrusion in the pres-ence of maleic anhydride (MA) as an esterification agent in a twin-screw extruder. The objective of this work was the preparation of reactive thermoplastic starch in ...
Journal of Polymers and the Environment, 2012
ABSTRACT
Journal of Applied Polymer Science, 2012
ABSTRACT In this work, we studied the effect of the percentage of maleated thermoplastic starch (... more ABSTRACT In this work, we studied the effect of the percentage of maleated thermoplastic starch (MTPS) in MTPS–poly(butylene adipate-co-terephthalate) (PBAT) blends that were used to produce extruded films. The materials were characterized by their mechanical properties (tensile and puncture tests), their barrier properties (carbon dioxide, oxygen, and water-vapor permeability tests), and microstructural analysis [transmission electron microscopy (TEM)], and the biobased content of the materials was determined. The results of the testing show that increasing the MTPS content decreased the tensile strength (from 19.7 to 8.6 MPa in the machine direction and from 15.3 to 7.1 MPa in the transverse direction) and puncture force (from 42.5 to 30.3 N) of the films; however, the elongation was not significantly affected. The permeability of the films to oxygen and carbon dioxide decreased with increasing MTPS content. The oxygen permeability decreased from 1.68 × 10−17 to 6.0 × 10−18 kg m m−2 s−1 Pa−1, whereas the carbon dioxide permeability decreased from 3.0 × 10−16 to 1.1 × 10−16 kg m m−2 s−1 Pa−1. However, the permeability to water vapor increased from 5.0 × 10−15 to 1.04 × 10−14 kg m m−2 s−1 Pa−1. Finally, TEM showed that PBAT was the continuous phase and MTPS was the dispersed phase. As the amount of MTPS in the samples increased, the dispersed phase became finer and more regularly spaced. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2012
The International Journal of Design Education, 2015
International Journal of Environmental Studies, 2021
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Papers by Jacqueline Stagner