Papers by Johannes Haltbakk
BMC Endocrine Disorders, Jul 14, 2022
Framework for successful consumer involvement (Telford et al. [ 12 ]). Framework for patient and ... more Framework for successful consumer involvement (Telford et al. [ 12 ]). Framework for patient and service user involvement (Shippee et al. [ 17 ]). Levels of participation (Popay [ 23 ]).
people with diabetes and the wider community in diabetes research: a realist review protocol
Introduction Our aim was to assess the association between casual blood glucose level and subsequ... more Introduction Our aim was to assess the association between casual blood glucose level and subsequent cardiovascular disease (CVD) and mortality among community-dwelling adults without a diagnosis of diabetes. Research design and methods In this community-based cohort study, 159 731 individuals with a measurement of casual blood glucose were followed from their participation date in Cohort of Norway (CONOR) (1994–2003) until a CVD episode, death or 31 December 2009. All analyses were done using Cox proportional hazard regression, and the results are reported as multivariable-adjusted HRs with 95% CI. Results Compared with those with normal glucose levels (<7.8 mmol/L), participants categorized as having borderline (7.8–11.0 mmol/L) levels showed an increased risk of a stroke (HR 1.29; 95% CI 1.12 to 2.49) and cardiovascular (HR 1.29; 95% CI 1.12 to 2.48), and all-cause (HR 1.27; 95% CI 1.16 to 1.38) mortality, while participants with high glucose levels (>11.0 mmol/L) had an ev...
Scandinavian Journal of Urology and Nephrology, 2004
Lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS) has become the preferred term used to classify the urinary sy... more Lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS) has become the preferred term used to classify the urinary symptoms of elderly men. This term places more emphasis on clinical appearance rather than being restricted to the functional pathophysiology. The objective of this study was to investigate this new concept in a group of patients who had been tentatively diagnosed with benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH). The range of urinary symptoms, incontinence, sexual function and impact on daily living were registered. Data from a group of 480 men awaiting urologic assessment were collected by questionnaire shortly after referral from their general practitioner between 1997 and 2000. The questionnaires used were the International Prostate Symptom Score (IPSS), the Symptom Problem Index, the International Continence Society-BPH, the Sandvik Incontinence Severity Index and the BPH-specific Interference with Activities. The mean age of the subjects was 67.0 years. As assessed by the IPSS, 15%, 54% and 31% of the men had mild, moderate and severe symptoms, respectively. Men who gave positive answers to questions regarding the frequency, amount and type of leakage were considered to have urinary incontinence (UI), which was found in 37% of cases. The majority of men had mild or moderate UI. Influence on daily living varied with the severity of symptoms. However, no significant differences in influence on daily living were found between groups with different degrees of severity of incontinence as all groups reported a relatively high impact. Our results show that UI is fairly common, very bothersome and socially embarrassing in male LUTS patients waiting for urologic evaluation. Although UI is not typically associated with BPH and is not regarded as a crucial component of LUTS, this study indicates that more emphasis should be placed on UI in the terminology of LUTS. UI may also act as an indicator of a need for healthcare.
Quality of Life Research, 2005
To investigate the extent to which symptom severity and related factors contribute to the explain... more To investigate the extent to which symptom severity and related factors contribute to the explained variance of the quality of life (QOL) of men with lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS) suggestive of benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH). Methods: Data from 480 men awaiting urological assessment were collected by questionnaires shortly after referral by their general practitioners in 1997-2000. The World Health Organization's QOL questionnaire (WHOQOL-bref), International Prostate Symptom Score (I-PSS), Symptom Problem Index (SPI), International Continence Society Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia questionnaire (ICS-BPH), the Sandvik Incontinence Severity Index, and BPH Specific Impact on Activity (BSIA) were used. Results: Regression analyses with WHOQOL-bref scores as dependent variables (physical, psychological, social relations, environmental domains, as well as overall QOL and general health) showed that symptom severity predicted only physical health. The severity of urinary incontinence was predictive of all domains except general health. Sexual function was predictive of all domains. Regression coefficients were close to zero. The explained variance of WHOQOL-bref scores was low (5-17%). Conclusions: The WHOQOL-bref might be too comprehensive to identify associations between specific symptom-related factors. Alternatively, our results indicate that LUTS suggestive of BPH and LUTS-associated factors are not very important determinants of QOL.
Journal of Clinical Nursing, 2001
The aim of the study was to understand the variability of Norwegian staff&#39;s attitudes tow... more The aim of the study was to understand the variability of Norwegian staff&#39;s attitudes towards patients with urinary incontinence across years and place of work, age and education levels. The Incontinence Stress Questionnaire-Staff Reaction (Norwegian version) (ISQ-SR-N) was used to measure staff&#39;s reactions and feelings towards patients with urinary incontinence. A cross-sectional survey design was used to gather self-reported data. The research sites were five nursing homes, three home care districts and medical and surgical wards at a university hospital. Of the 745 staff invited, 535 (72%) returned the questionnaire. Staff members working in long-term care units were older than staff members working in acute care units. Most of the registered nurses worked in acute care, whilst most of the nursing assistants worked in long-term care. Stepwise regression analysis identified education, working in a medical/surgical units, and the interaction of education and working in a medical unit to be most predictive of attitudes. Nursing assistants had more positive attitudes than registered nurses. Working in medical/surgical units predicted the most negative attitudes. Only 15.2% of the variability of attitudes can be explained by the predictive variables.
BJU International, 2003
To investigate how quality of life (QoL) components measured by given instruments direct the QoL ... more To investigate how quality of life (QoL) components measured by given instruments direct the QoL perspective in treatment studies of lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS) and benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH). Computer searches were conducted in Medline, CINAHL and Psychinfo; MeSH terms covering QoL and surgical treatments for BPH and LUTS were combined for the search. The analysis was based on a framework linking components of QoL to patient outcome. Of the 74 papers meeting the inclusion criteria, 48 were published in 1997-2001, showing the increase of interest of the topic. Most of the papers reported the change in QoL by a one-item scale, whilst only a few reported results from several of the components in the QoL concept. Some papers regarded the change in general health status or parts of health status as changes in QoL. Functional status and symptoms, and the bother of symptoms, were often regarded as indicators of a change in QoL. These analyses show an increasing interest in measuring QoL after surgery for LUTS and BPH. In most of the studies analysed, the batteries of instruments selected were too narrow in scope to study the complexity of QoL. Most papers are based on instruments sensitive to change, but the reports do not distinguish the basic assumptions for understanding relationships important in QoL research and as a result, the reason for change is open to question.
Sykepleien Forskning, 2007
ABSTRACT
Sykepleien Forskning, 2007
ABSTRACT
BMJ Open Diabetes Research & Care, 2021
Introduction The aim was to assess whether annual hospitalization (admissions, length of stay and... more Introduction The aim was to assess whether annual hospitalization (admissions, length of stay and total days hospitalized) among persons >65 years receiving home care services in Norway were higher for persons with diabetes than those without diabetes. Given the growing prevalence of diabetes, this issue has great importance for policy makers who must plan for meeting these needs. Research design and methods Data were obtained from national Norwegian registries, and the study population varied from 112 487 to 125 593 per calendar year during 2009–2014. Diabetes was defined as having been registered with at least one prescription for blood glucose lowering medication. Overall and cause-specific hospitalization were compared, as well as temporal trends in hospitalization. Hospitalization outcomes for persons with and without diabetes were compared using log-binomial regression or quantile regression, adjusting for age and gender. Results are reported as incidence rate ratios (IRRs)...
BMC Endocrine Disorders
Background Home care services plays an important role in diabetes management, and to enable older... more Background Home care services plays an important role in diabetes management, and to enable older adults remain home-dwellers. Adequate follow-up and systematic nursing documentation are necessary elements in high quality diabetes care. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to examine the diabetes treatment and management for older persons with diabetes receiving home care services. Methods A cross-sectional study was used to assess the diabetes treatment and management in a Norwegian municipality. Demographic (age, sex, living situation) and clinical data (diabetes diagnose, type of glucose lowering treatment, diabetes-related comorbidities, functional status) were collected from electronic home care records. Also, information on diabetes management; i.e. follow-up routines on glycated haemoglobin (HbA1c), self-monitoring of blood glucose, insulin administration and risk factors (blood pressure, body mass index and nutritional status) were registered. HbA1c was measured upon inc...
Journal of Advanced Nursing
Article type : Review Integrative review: Patient safety among older people with diabetes in home... more Article type : Review Integrative review: Patient safety among older people with diabetes in home care services
Scandinavian Journal of Caring Sciences
Research interventions in uniform clinical settings and in patients fulfilling well-defined inclu... more Research interventions in uniform clinical settings and in patients fulfilling well-defined inclusion criteria might show a more pronounced effect than implementing the same intervention in existing practice. Diabetes Self-Management Education (DSME) is complex, and should be assessed in existing practice as it is an intervention widely implemented. To examine the impact of an established group-based DSME in unselected people with type 2 diabetes referred from primary care. A one-group, before-after design was used for assessments before, immediately after, and 3 months after participation in a group-based DSME programme conducted at two Learning and Mastering Centres in Norway between November 2013 and June 2014. Participants completed a questionnaire before (n = 115), immediately after (n = 95) and 3 months after (n = 42) the DSME programme. Primary outcome measure was diabetes knowledge (Michigan Diabetes Knowledge Test). Also patient activation (Patient Activation Measure [PAM]) and self-efficacy (General Self-Efficacy scale [GSE]) were measured. Changes in outcome measures were analysed using paired t-tests for normally distributed data and Wilcoxon signed-rank test for skewed data. Mean knowledge improved significantly from baseline (p &lt; 0.001). Changes persisted at the 3-month assessment. Mean PAM scores improved significantly from baseline (p &lt; 0.001), and changes persisted for 3 months. Mean GSE scores improved from baseline (p = 0.022) and persisted for 3 months. However, when results were stratified for participants who responded at all three time points, GSE showed no change during the study period. The complexity self-management in the individual is challenging to reflect in DSME. This implemented DSME programme for people with type 2 diabetes improved levels of diabetes knowledge and patient activation, persisting for at least 3 months. Hence, the DSME programme appears to be robust beyond standardised research settings, in educating unselected diabetes patients referred from primary care.
Journal of Clinical Nursing
Scandinavian Journal of Caring Sciences
To describe family members&#39; experiences of attending to an old person with diabetes recei... more To describe family members&#39; experiences of attending to an old person with diabetes receiving home care services, including their interaction with the formal caregivers. The study has a qualitative descriptive design. From May to August 2015, eight family members were interviewed. Interviews were analysed using qualitative content analysis. To describe family members&#39; experiences, the following four themes were identified: Security through patients&#39; self-management skills and diabetes knowledge; Perceived burden due to the old persons&#39; deteriorated health; Security through competent home care services; and Doubt due to personnel&#39;s inadequate approach and interaction. It is important for personnel in home care services to consider patients&#39; self-management skills and the family members&#39; diabetes knowledge as key aspects in order to limit experiences of burden when the older person with diabetes has deteriorating health. The findings underscore that interaction with home care personnel skilled in managing diabetes helps family members feel secure.
Systematic reviews, Jan 4, 2015
Patient and public involvement in diabetes research is now actively encouraged in different count... more Patient and public involvement in diabetes research is now actively encouraged in different countries because it is believed that involving people with experience of the condition will improve the quality and relevance of the research. However, reviews of patient involvement have noted that inadequate resources, patients' and communities' lack of research knowledge, and researchers' lack of skills to involve patients and communities in research may present significant contextual barriers. Little is known about the extent of patient/community involvement in designing or delivering interventions for people with diabetes. A realist review of involvement will contribute to assessing when, how and why involvement works, or does not work, to produce better diabetes interventions. This protocol outlines the process for conducting a realist review to map how patients and the public have been involved in diabetes research to date. The review questions ask the following: How have ...
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Papers by Johannes Haltbakk