Papers by JAMES YOUNG YOON
European Journal of Cancer Supplements, 2009
Oral Oncology Supplement, 2007
Lung Cancer, 2005
Posters~Basic science~Ceil and motecular biology Background: Heme oxygenese-1 (1-10-1) is an indu... more Posters~Basic science~Ceil and motecular biology Background: Heme oxygenese-1 (1-10-1) is an inducible enm/me that catalyzes exidat]va degradation of hems to form biliverdin, carbon monoxide(CO), and free iron Increasing evidence has indicated the cdt]cal role of He-1 in cytoprotacton and more diverse biological fun~ons it is known that expression of high levels of He-1 occurs in various tumors, and that He-1 has an important role in rapid tumor growth because of its ant]exidat]va and ant]apoptot]c affects We intended to analyze the role of He-1 in human lung cancer cell lines. especially A549. Methods: The human lung cancer cell lines. A549. NC1+t23. NCI H157. and NCI H460. were used for this study. Cisplatm working as ROS~genorating ant]cancer drug and ZnPP which is specific He inhibitor wore used. Viability of cell was tested by MTF assay, and generat]on of int]'acellular hydrogen perexide(H~O~) was monitored fluonmethcally using scopolet]n horse radish perexidase(HRP) assay. Western blotting were performed to define the espression of He-1 Results: In Ab4g cells. ZnPP singrtficantly dacreesad the viability and increased the fluorescence intansity of calls in a dese-dependent manna~ However He-1 expression was incraesed in untTeated A549 cells than other call lines Also cisplatin incraesed tha expression of He-1 by t]me-dependent manner in A549 cells Condu~lon: He-1 was showad most increasing expression in A54g cells than other cell lines, and it may be a target in ant~umor therapy.
Veterinary Record, 2007
FIG 1: Lung from a dog with a history of epistaxis and respiratory distress. All the lobes are ha... more FIG 1: Lung from a dog with a history of epistaxis and respiratory distress. All the lobes are haemorrhagic and moist, with consolidation. Scale=cm
Physica C: Superconductivity and its Applications, 2014
This study presents the development of a PSCAD/EMTDC analysis model for the 154 kV SFCL in South ... more This study presents the development of a PSCAD/EMTDC analysis model for the 154 kV SFCL in South Korea, which will be applied to the Korean power system in 2015. The analysis model is developed by using the operating mechanism supported by the developer of the SFCL, KEPRI (Korea Electric Power Research Institute). And then this paper proposes some candidate locations and design specifications for the successful demonstration application of the 154 kV SFCL to Korean power systems.
Paediatric Respiratory Reviews, 2010
Journal of Viral Hepatitis, 2009
Acute hepatitis A (AHA) is one of the most common infectious diseases; it is usually a self-limit... more Acute hepatitis A (AHA) is one of the most common infectious diseases; it is usually a self-limiting disease affecting the liver. Although extrahepatic manifestations are not common, some cases have been reported associated with acute renal failure. We reviewed the clinical features of patients with AHA complicated by acute renal failure (ARF group) and compared them with patients with noncomplicated AHA (non-ARF group). The medical records of 208 consecutive patients with AHA who were diagnosed between January 2003 and October 2008 were reviewed. We identified 15 patients (7.2%) with ARF associated with AHA. There were no differences between the ARF and non-ARF group with regard to gender and age. The peak value of alanine aminotransferase (ALT) (median: 6060 IU/L vs 1792 IU/L, P < 0.001), prothrombin time (PT) (International normalized ratio, median 1.72 vs 1.10, P < 0.001), and total bilirubin level (median: 9.6 mg/dL vs 6.3 mg/dL, P = 0.04) were significantly higher in the ARF than in the non-ARF group. Twelve patients (80%) recovered completely with haemodialysis (seven patients, 46.7%) or only conservative management (five patients, 33.3%), while one patient underwent liver transplantation because of fulminant hepatic failure, and two patients died because of fulminant hepatic failure. There were no deaths among patients with noncomplicated AHA in the non-ARF group. Five patients underwent kidney biopsy; two patients were diagnosed with acute tubular necrosis, two patients with acute interstitial nephritis with IgA nephropathy and one patient with acute tubulointerstitial nephritis. All patients in the ARF group had microscopic haematuria and proteinuria (100% vs 31.1%, P < 0.001). Urine sodium levels were more than 10 mEq/L in 10 patients. The findings of high urinary sodium concentrations, microscopic haematuria and proteinuria did not support the diagnosis of hepatorenal syndrome (HRS). Patients with AHA with ARF had higher ALT levels, more prolonged PTs, and higher total bilirubin levels. The prognosis for these patients was poorer than for those without ARF. However, the patients with ARF and nonfulminant AHA had recovered with proper treatment and should not be confused with patients that have HRS.
Journal of Minimally Invasive Gynecology, 2010
Measurements and Main Results: Median clinical size of the uterus was 12 weeks (5, 10). The media... more Measurements and Main Results: Median clinical size of the uterus was 12 weeks (5, 10). The median size of the myoma was 7.5cm.The median weight of the specimen was 200 grams (60, 460).The median total duration of surgery was 75 min (45, 120). Median total blood loss was 50 ml (10, 500). Conclusion: Laparoscopic myomectomy for submucous myomas is a technically feasible procedure. It can be performed by experienced surgeons irrespective of the size or depth of the myoma. It prevents the complications of hysteroscopic removal of the myoma.
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Journal of Hepatology, 2007
Background and Aims: RNA interference (RNAi) is a powerful tool to silence gene expression. The a... more Background and Aims: RNA interference (RNAi) is a powerful tool to silence gene expression. The adenoviral vector expressing small interfering RNA (siRNA) is highly efective in mammalian cells. However, its potential use as a therapeutic tool to target an oncogene specifically remains to be seen. We applied the adenovirus-delivered siRNA (AdSiRNA) to inhibit a hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) oncogene, p28GANK, in HCC cell lines and investigated its antitumor effects. Methods: The T7-RNA polymerase system was used to screen the specific target site. Double-strand oligonucleotide for transcription of short hairpin RNA was constructed into the adenoviral vector. Four HCC cell lines were infected with the RNAi-containing adenovirus. The RNAi effects on HCC were studied in cultured cells as well as in animal models. Results: p28GANK expression was suppressed by up to 80% in HCC cells. Depletion of p28GANK inhibited HCC cell growth and tumorigenesis, enhanced dephosphorylation of RB 1, and decreased transcription activity of E2F-1 in HUH-7 cells. Furthermore, depletion of p28GANK induced
Journal of Hepatology, 2009
Journal of Hepatology, 2010
Background: Non alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) has become the most prevalent chronic liver... more Background: Non alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) has become the most prevalent chronic liver disease in the world. Clinical consequences are related to progression to cirrhosis, liver failure and hepatocarcinoma. Liver biopsy is considered the gold standard for diagnosis but it is an invasive technique with risk of complications. For these reasons, noninvasive tests were developed for evaluate liver fibrosis. In 2007, a specific system for NAFLD that identifies patients with and without advanced liver fibrosis was constructed (Mayo Clinic fibrosis score). The same thing happened for hepatitis C (HCV) with simple and no expensive laboratory tests. Aim: Evaluate whether noninvasive laboratory tests for patients with hepatitis C virus infection could be useful in NAFLD (APRI, FORNS and FIB-4). Methods: Subjects with NAFLD were submitted to clinical and laboratory evaluation and liver biopsy. The histological analysis was according to Kleiner et al. We have studied three different stage of fibrosis: a: absence (F0-1) or presence of clinical significant fibrosis (F2-3-4); b: absence (F0-1-2) or presence of advanced fibrosis (F3-4); c: absence (F0-1-2-3) or presence of cirrhosis (F4). Non invasive models were calculated and ROC curves were adjusted for estimate cutoff points, sensibility and specificity. Results: Fifty three subjects (34 females) were included. The medians were: 53.4 years for age, 32 (±5.4) for index of corporal mass, 106.8 cm (±8.9) abdominal circumference for men and 106.7 cm (±12.9) for women and 5.1 (±4.5) for HOMA. APRI was the best test for clinical significant fibrosis, with an area under ROC curves (AUC) of 0.868. APRI >0.6434 was associated with F2-3-4 (p = 0.0001), with 83.3% sensibility and 84.4 specificity. Regarding advanced fibrosis, the best test was FIB-4 (AUC 0.905; cutoff = 1.6899; p = 0.0001) with 100% sensibility and 75% specificity related to FIB-4 >1.6899. For cirrhosis, there was not so many differences between the tests, with a better result obtained by FORNS (AUC 0.982; p = 0.0001; cutoff = 9.9392). The sensibility and specificity was 100% e 97.6% respectively. Conclusions: APRI, FORNS and FIB-4 were useful and accurate in predicting fibrosis in patients with NAFLD.
Journal of Hepatology, 2006
Methods: An expression vector using a cre lox-system, murine MMP-9 cDNA, and an albumin enhancer/... more Methods: An expression vector using a cre lox-system, murine MMP-9 cDNA, and an albumin enhancer/promoter was cloned. Three transgenic lines were generated. These mice were crossbred with actin cre mice leading to constitutional MMP-9 overexpression. Alternatively, young mice received i.v. injection of an adenovims coding for the cre recombinase to achieve MMP-9 overexpression. Mice embryos after crossbreeding with actin cre-mice were analyzed at different time points post coitum. Mice induced by administration of the adenovirus were assessed with special attention towards fibrosis and tumorous lesions. Results: There was no double transgenic offspring after crossbreeding with actin-cre mice. Analyses during embryonic development did not show any transgenic embryos after day 7 post coitum. After injection of the cre adenovirus transgenic mice showed MMP-9 overexpression in the liver. For further analyses two transgenic lines were chosen. Up to three months after induction of transgene expression there were no detectable fibrotic disorders or tumorous lesions. Studies focusing on potential antagonistic mechanisms are currently performed. Conclusions: The underlying transgenic mouse model enables to study the in vivo effect of hepatic MMP-9 overexpression. Constitutive overexpression of MMP-9 had an embryonic lethal effect. The induction of MMP-9 using a cre adenovims did not cause liver fibrosis or tumorous lesions up to the age of three months. Further studies will therefore focus on the effect of MMP-9 overexpression in experimental liver carcinogenesis (DEN/phenobarbital), in liver regeneration (partial hepatectomy), as well as in experimental liver fibrosis (CC14).
Journal of Hepatology, 2006
Background and Alms: The pathogenic role of core promoter (CP) mutations (T1762/A1764) of hepatit... more Background and Alms: The pathogenic role of core promoter (CP) mutations (T1762/A1764) of hepatitis B vires (HBV) in HBeAg seroconversion or disease progression remains unclear. We investigated the clinical relevance of these mutants over a long-term follow-up period of up to 15 years. Patients and Methods: In this longitudinal cohort study, 29 HBeAg-positive patients with biopsy-proven chronic active hepatitis without cirrhosis were regularly monitored for >10 years. Viral isolates were characterized by direct sequencing [Kao JH, et al. J Med Virol 2002;68:216.], using frozen liver tissue obtained on the day of biopsy. The genotyping of HBV was determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay using monoclonal antibodies against genotype-specific epitopes in the preS2-region [Naito H, et al. J Clin Microbiol 2001;39:362.]. Long-term outcomes were compared between patients with and without CP mutations at baseline. Results: HBV genotyping showed that 100% of study subjects were infected with genotype C HBV. During a median follow-up period of 12.5 years, patients without double CP mutations at baseline showed a tendency toward achieving an earlier HBeAg seroconversion than those with (6.9 years vs. 9.4 years, P 0.062). Double CP mutations at baseline were also significantly associated with the eventual development of cirrhosis or hepatocellular carcinoma (P 0.013), whereas the absence of double CP mutations predicted inactive carrier status at the last follow-up (P 0.027). At 10 years, liver-related tests were also significantly better in patients without double CP mutations than in those with these mutations, as reflected by higher serum albumin (4.3• g/dl vs. 3.9• P 0.044) and platelet levels (172,000• 3 vs. 125,600• 3, P= 0.036). Conclusions: Chronic active hepatitis associated with double T1762/A1764 mutations is significantly related to delayed HBeAg seroconversion, ongoing deterioration in hepatic function, and subsequently occurring advancement of liver diseases such as cirrhosis or hepatocellular carcinoma in HBeAg-positive patients infected with genotype C HBV. A longer period of immune clearance coupled with delayed HBeAg seroconversion appears to contribute to disease progression in patients harboring these CP mutations.
Journal of Clinical Gastroenterology, 2010
Combined hepatocellular carcinoma and cholangiocarcinoma (cHCC-CC) is a rare disease. We investig... more Combined hepatocellular carcinoma and cholangiocarcinoma (cHCC-CC) is a rare disease. We investigated the clinicopathological features of cHCC-CC and compared the long-term outcomes following liver transplantation (LT) and hepatic resection (HR). We identified 32 LT patients with cHCC-CC through an institutional database search. HR control group (n=100) was selected through propensity score-matching. The incidence of cHCC-CC among all adult LT cases was 1.0%. Mean patient age was 53.4±6.7 years and 26 patients were male. Thirty patients had hepatitis B virus infection. All patients of cHCC-CC were diagnosed incidentally in the explanted livers. Mean tumor diameter was 2.5±1.3 cm and 28 patients had single tumors. Tumor stage was stage I in 23 and II tumors in 9. Concurrent HCC was detected in 12 patients with stage I in 5 and II in 7. Mean tumor diameter was 1.9±1.2 cm and 5 had single tumors. Tumor recurrence and survival rates were 15.6% and 84.4% at 1 year and 32.2% and 65.8% at 5 years, respectively. Patients with very early stage cHCC-CC (one or two tumors ≤2.0 cm) showed 13.3% tumor recurrence and 93.3% patient survival rates at 5 years, which were significantly improved than those with advanced tumors (p=0.002). Tumor recurrence and survival rates did not differ significantly between the LT and HR control groups (p=0.22 and p=0.91, respectively), however, post-recurrence patient survival did (p=0.016). In conclusion, cHCC-CC is rarely diagnosed following LT and one-third of such patients have concurrent HCC. The long-term post-transplant prognosis was similar following LT and HR. Very early cHCC-CC resulted in favorable post-transplant prognosis, thus this selection condition can be prudently considered for LT indication.
Journal of Cancer Research and Clinical Oncology, 2006
The high incidence of biliary tract carcinoma in patients with anomalous pancreaticobiliary ducta... more The high incidence of biliary tract carcinoma in patients with anomalous pancreaticobiliary ductal junction (APBDJ) implicates that a compositional alteration in bile may contribute to the genesis of this cancer. Lysophosphatidylcholine (LPC) is generated in the bile of these patients. Given the role of cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) in biliary tract carcinogenesis, we postulated that LPC induces COX-2 in cholangiocytes. The effect of LPC on COX-2 expression in cholangiocytes was evaluated by immunoblot analysis, real-time PCR and reporter gene assay. Apoptosis was induced by TRAIL treatment, and quantified using DAPI staining. Lysophosphatidylcholine increased COX-2 protein expression in cholangiocytes in a concentration- and time-dependent manner. LPC-induced Raf-1 activation was responsible for this COX-2 induction. Accordingly, LPC increased COX-2 mRNA levels in a Raf-1 dependent manner by stabilizing COX-2 mRNA. Finally, LPC attenuated TRAIL-mediated apoptosis through a COX-2/PgE2 dependent mechanism. Collectively, these results implicate that LPC inhibits cholangiocyte apoptosis by inducing COX-2 expression via a Raf-1 dependent mechanism. This anti-apoptotic signaling may participate in biliary tract carcinogenesis in APBDJ patients, and therefore, its interruption may be a viable chemopreventative strategy.
International Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Microbiology, 2010
A Gram-stain-negative, non-motile, non-spore-forming bacterial strain, BDR-9T, was isolated from ... more A Gram-stain-negative, non-motile, non-spore-forming bacterial strain, BDR-9T, was isolated from soil collected from Boryung on the west coast of the Korean peninsula, and its taxonomic position was investigated by using a polyphasic study. Strain BDR-9T grew optimally at 25 °C, at pH 6.0–7.5 and in the absence of NaCl. Phylogenetic analyses based on 16S rRNA gene sequences revealed that strain BDR-9T fell within the clade comprising species of the genus Mucilaginibacter within the phylum Bacteroidetes. 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity values between strain BDR-9T and the type strains of species of the genus Mucilaginibacter were in the range 94.0–95.6 %. Strain BDR-9T contained MK-7 as the predominant menaquinone and iso-C15 : 0 and C16 : 1ω7c and/or iso-C15 : 0 2-OH as the major fatty acids. The DNA G+C content was 44.3 mol%. Differential phenotypic properties and phylogenetic distinctiveness of strain BDR-9T demonstrated that this strain is distinguishable from species of the ge...
International Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Microbiology, 2010
A Gram-negative, non-motile, rod-shaped bacterial strain, DS-58T, was isolated from a soil sample... more A Gram-negative, non-motile, rod-shaped bacterial strain, DS-58T, was isolated from a soil sample from Dokdo, an island of Korea, and its taxonomic position was investigated. Phylogenetic analysis based on 16S rRNA gene sequences showed that strain DS-58T fell within the family Xanthomonadaceae. The isolate showed 96.9 % 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity with its closest phylogenetic neighbour, Lysobacter niastensis GH41-7T, and 93.4–95.7 % 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity with other members of the genus Lysobacter. Strain DS-58T contained Q-8 as the predominant ubiquinone and iso-C16 : 0, iso-C15 : 0 and iso-C17 : 1ω9c as the major fatty acids. The DNA G+C content was 68.1 mol%. Strain DS-58T could be distinguished phenotypically from type strains of closely related species of the genus Lysobacter and phylogenetically from all members of the genus Lysobacter. On the basis of phenotypic, chemotaxonomic and phylogenetic data, strain DS-58T is considered to represent a novel species ...
Fertility and Sterility, 2009
Objective: To evaluate methods of DNA extraction from single cells for their suitability to ampli... more Objective: To evaluate methods of DNA extraction from single cells for their suitability to amplify and provide a correct diagnosis of target disease genes. Design: Experimental study. Setting: University hospital laboratory. Patient(s): Two normal adult male and female blood donors. Intervention(s): Exon 51 of the dystrophin gene and the ZFX/ZFY gene were amplified from single lymphocytes using nested PCR. Five different methods of DNA extraction were tested (lysis in distilled water with freezing and thawing using liquid nitrogen, lysis in distilled water, alkaline lysis buffer, Proteinase K/sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) buffer, and N-lauroylsarcosine salt solution). Main Outcome Measure(s): Allele drop out and amplification rate. Result(s): The amplification efficiency from single unaffected lymphocytes was 89.0% using the liquid nitrogen method, 88.1% with the distilled water lysis method, 97.5% with the alkaline lysis buffer method, 91.5% with the Proteinase K/SDS lysis buffer method, and 84.8% using the N-lauroylsarcosine salt solution method. The mean allele drop out rate was 16.7%, 43.9%, 2.0%, 9.8%, and 18.9%, respectively, for each lysis method using single male lymphocytes as a template. Conclusion(s): Based on these results, DNA extraction using an alkaline lysis buffer results in more efficient rates of DNA amplification and less allele drop out than the other methods of DNA extraction tested. This method is suitable for the lysis of single cells in clinical preimplantation genetic diagnosis.
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Papers by JAMES YOUNG YOON