Papers by Inyokwe Otinche
The Oxford Handbook of Sociology of Africa
Evidence suggests that ethnic identity and ethnic diversity in Africa have empirical relationship... more Evidence suggests that ethnic identity and ethnic diversity in Africa have empirical relationships with her historical past and colonial experiences. This chapter examines these summative experiences to underscore the role the colonialist played in ethnic-identity formation, classification, and discrimination and the elevation of ethnicity as a political and economic resource for nation-building. The colonialists constructed ethnic identities where none existed and promoted them to a level of political consciousness, leaving behind legacy of political control and domination, as is evident in Rwanda, Kenya, Nigeria, and South Sudan, among African nations. Lessons are drawn from Arendt Lijphart’sthesis on the consociational model of sharing power to explain the relationships between ethnicity and the corresponding power relations that induce ethnic conflicts in Africa. A call is made to African leaders to promote social harmony, equity, fairness, and social justice in governance and n...
The Political Economy of Colonialism and Nation-Building in Nigeria, 2021
SSRN Electronic Journal, 2018
The task of nation building is a daunting one and requires the sharing of statutory responsibilit... more The task of nation building is a daunting one and requires the sharing of statutory responsibilities and allocation of revenue to the components political units to financed development projects. This is designed to promote good governance and even development. The delineation of powers into exclusive, concurrent and residual powers for the federal, state and local government and the allocation of funds to each tier of government underscores propriety of political interdependence to nation building. Section 165 of the Constitution of the Federal Republic of Nigeria 1999 and the Allocation of Revenue (Federation Account, etc.) Act No.1 1982 stipulates that the revenues generated by the federal government should be credited into the Federation Account and disburse monthly among the three tiers of government as defined in the Revenue Act 1982. All the tiers of government depend on revenue from the federation account to finance development projects. In spite of this, many state government are unable to finance their capital and recurrent expenditure hence the justification to review the existing revenue sharing formular in favour of them. The fiscal challenge raises question the viability of many states and the need to allocate more resources power to the lower tier governments to enhance their fiscal capability and operation efficiency.
Corporate Ownership and Control, 2016
Generally, any discussion on corporate governance partly revolves around transparency and account... more Generally, any discussion on corporate governance partly revolves around transparency and accountability and fiscal discipline. The emphasis on transparency and accountability provides the baseline for defining fiscal responsibility and the enforcement of fiscal discipline. Fiscal responsibility and fiscal discipline are political and legal constructs that promote democracy, economic growth, sustainable development and nation building in transitional economies. The near absence of these values especially during the military interregnum in Nigeria created development inertia in the process of governance and social illusions in the relationship between government and the governed. With the rebirth of democratic values in 1999, it became obvious that the context of resource governance must be changed to make way for the attainment of sustainable development through democratic ambitions. Therewith, the federal government carried out some measures of fiscal reforms with a view to stimulating the mechanics of public sector governance and institutional performance. The paper examined the extent to which these reform measures have improved the culture of resources governance within the context of the systemic challenges that confronts Nigeria. From its analysis, the paper concluded that the inherent contradiction in the implementation of fiscal responsibility reforms in Nigeria arises from the inability of Nigerians to generate good ethical relationship with the reform objectives given the antecedent of gross corruption. The paper advocated the sustained reorientation of Nigerians as a basis for creating the ethical foundation for the promotion and enforcement of fiscal discipline in the public sector.
AFRREV IJAH: An International Journal of Arts and Humanities, 2015
The process of nation building is framed around the effective management of resources by governme... more The process of nation building is framed around the effective management of resources by government and its equitable distribution to the citizens. The failure of many leaders to effectively manage the nation’s resources has left their countries at the nadir of development with high incidences of poverty, unemployment, inequality, illiteracy, women/child/drug trafficking, maternal/infant mortality rates and social vices. In resources rich countries like Nigeria, there is no correlation between the revenue generated by government and the standard of life led by majority of the citizens. Scholars have attributed this development to corruption and fiscal indiscipline. The poor culture of resources governance has undermined the efforts of government to create inter-generational wealth and a cushion for resources glut or resource inertia. The paper therefore examines the propriety of the sovereign wealth fund in addressing inter-generational inequity in Nigeria. The paper asserted that t...
IOSR Journal Of Humanities And Social Science, 2013
Bahrain and Syria among others. The revolution is an ideological struggle that arises from the cr... more Bahrain and Syria among others. The revolution is an ideological struggle that arises from the crisis of governance resulting from political enclosures in the Arab states. Explanatory notes within the context of the internal conspiracy theory reveals that the revolutionary uprising is a consequence of the conflict between patriarchal democracy and its leadership intransigence and democratic modernism with rising expectation from the civil society for broad participation in the process of governance. The paper also place in context the external conspiracy theory arising from the shift in American foreign policy under the Secret Presidential Study Directives II that has influenced American foreign policy in North Africa and the Middle East in favour of Israel. The clamour for political change is justified by remote consensual factors like human right abuses, corruption, unemployment, poverty, growing rate of inequality and social exclusion orchestrated by religion and this is juxtaposed with the immediate causes for objective analysis. The paper tries to examine the challenges these countries would face in her efforts at building a sustainable and virile democratic nation and how this will generate favourable foreign policy outcome for western nations. Under rational consideration and away from any ideological deception, the paper argued that there is no universal pattern of governance and tends to question the consideration that western democracy is the only pathway to achieving sustainable development. On this note, the paper concludes that countries governance by patriarchal democracy should be encouraged to broaden the scope of governance rather than the use of subversive means to effect regime change at the expense of national, regional and world peace.
IOSR Journal of Humanities and Social Science, 2013
Beginning from the 1980s, the public sector in Nigeria was faced with ethical crisis. There were ... more Beginning from the 1980s, the public sector in Nigeria was faced with ethical crisis. There were severe economic problems resulting from poor performance of public institutions, poor social services delivery, dwindling cash base and financial sustainability crisis orchestrated by bureaucratic corruption. In the pension subsector, huge pension liability, lack of transparency and accountability and the absence of regulatory and supervisory framework were the characteristic phenomenon. The result was institutional failure and the consequent alienation and dehumanisation of pensioners whose post retirement life became associated with socioeconomic slavery. In 2004, the Nigerian government took significant step to transform the pension industry into a viable industry with guaranteed social returns for pensioners via the Pension Reform Act 2004. New regime of pension fund managers was licensed to operate within the regulatory framework provided by the National Pension Commission. In its analysis, the paper appreciates the significant achievement recorded in the pension industry with the introduction of the Pension Reform Act 2004 which set ethical standard for the management of the pension scheme and integrated the private sector in the management of pension funds. The paper in its analysis acknowledged the efficient result achieved so far and called for the strict enforcement of regulatory provisions in the pension industry and civil society activism to strengthen the culture of financial accountability and the sector's performance in alleviating old age poverty among retirees.
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Papers by Inyokwe Otinche